JP2017096836A - Abnormality diagnosis system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an abnormality diagnosis system which diagnoses an abnormality on a direct-acting guide device to which a sensor unit capable of performing detection, transmission, and power generation with a compact structure is fixed.SOLUTION: A sensor unit 20 includes: a sensor module 21 for detecting a surrounding signal; a radio module 23 for transmitting a signal detected by the sensor module 21 as a radio wave; a power generation module 25 for supplying power to the sensor module 21 and the radio module 23; and a housing 27 for accommodating the sensor module 21, the radio module 23, and the power generation module 25. The sensor unit 20 is fixed to a direct-acting guide device. An abnormality diagnosis system 1 comprises an abnormality diagnosis device 30 for diagnosing an abnormality on the direct-acting guide device on the basis of a radio wave transmitted from the radio module 23.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an abnormality diagnosis system.

  Many machine equipment such as machine tools are equipped with various devices such as ball screws, linear guides, rolling bearings, and motors. If wear or damage occurs due to long-term use of machinery and equipment, smooth rotation and sliding of various devices such as ball screws are hindered, and not only abnormal noise may be generated but also the life may be shortened. is there. For this reason, conventionally, after using the machine equipment for a certain period, the presence or absence of abnormality such as wear or damage of the ball screw or the like has been inspected.

  This inspection is performed by disassembling the part of the machine equipment in which the ball screw or the like is incorporated, or the entire machine equipment, and damage and wear generated in the ball screw or the like are found by visual inspection by the operator. As a result of the inspection, if an abnormality such as wear or damage is found in the ball screw or the like, the ball screw or the like is replaced with a new one to prevent a failure or accident of the mechanical equipment. However, in the inspection method in which a part or the whole of the mechanical equipment is disassembled and visually checked by the operator, the work for removing the ball screw etc. from the mechanical equipment and the work for incorporating the ball screw etc. for which the inspection has been completed into the mechanical equipment again. There is a problem that a great deal of labor is required and the maintenance cost of the mechanical equipment increases.

  In order to solve such problems, there has been proposed an abnormality diagnosis device that performs abnormality diagnosis of various devices in an actual operating state of mechanical equipment. For example, in the rolling bearing abnormality diagnosis device described in Patent Document 1, the abnormality of the rolling bearing is based on the effective value of the vibration waveform measured using the vibration sensor and the effective value of the AC component of the envelope waveform of the vibration waveform. Make a diagnosis. As a result, accurate abnormality diagnosis is realized.

JP 2011-154020 A

  By the way, Patent Document 1 discloses that a vibration sensor is fixed to a bearing, detects vibration of the bearing, and outputs the detected value to a data processing device. However, there is no specific description about the output method of the detection value from the vibration sensor to the data processing device and the power supply method to the vibration sensor.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an abnormality diagnosis system for diagnosing an abnormality of a linear motion guide device in which a sensor unit capable of detection, transmission and power generation is fixed with a compact configuration. And

The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following constitution.
(1) A sensor module that detects ambient signals, a wireless module that transmits a signal detected by the sensor module as a radio wave, a power generation or power supply module that supplies power to the sensor module and the wireless module, A sensor unit having the sensor module, the wireless module, and a housing that houses the power generation or power supply module in one, is fixed to a linear motion guide device, and based on the radio wave transmitted from the wireless module, An abnormality diagnosis system comprising an abnormality diagnosis device for diagnosing an abnormality in a linear motion guide device.
(2) The abnormality diagnosis system according to (1), wherein the sensor unit is fixed to an inner member or an outer member of the linear motion guide device.
(3) The abnormality diagnosis device according to (1) or (2), wherein the abnormality diagnosis device diagnoses an abnormality of a device arranged around the linear motion guide device based on a radio wave transmitted from the wireless module. system.
(4) The housing includes a male screw portion, and the male screw portion is screwed and fixed to a female screw portion provided in the linear motion guide device. (1) to (3) Diagnostic system.
(5) The abnormality diagnosis system according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the wireless radio wave from the wireless module is transmitted only when abnormality data is detected by the sensor module.
(6) The abnormality diagnosis system according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the sensor module includes any one of a vibration sensor, a temperature sensor, and a strain sensor.
(7) A relay device that receives radio waves transmitted from the wireless module is provided, and the abnormality diagnosis device diagnoses an abnormality based on a signal transferred from the relay device. The abnormality diagnosis system according to claim 1.
(8) The abnormality diagnosis system according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the linear motion guide device is at least one of a ball screw and a linear guide.

  According to the present invention, detection, transmission, and power generation are possible with a compact configuration.

1 is a schematic diagram of an abnormality diagnosis system according to an embodiment. It is a side view of a linear guide. It is a side view of a ball screw. It is a figure for demonstrating the method to fix a sensor unit to a ball screw. It is a figure for demonstrating the method to fix a sensor unit to a linear guide. It is sectional drawing of the sensor unit which concerns on a modification. It is sectional drawing of the sensor unit which concerns on a modification. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the detection temperature of a sensor, and time. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the detection temperature of a sensor, and time when abnormality generate | occur | produces in any of a ball screw, a linear guide, a motor, and a bearing.

  Hereinafter, an abnormality diagnosis system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited at all by this embodiment. In addition, constituent elements in the following description include those that are substantially the same as those that can be assumed by those skilled in the art, that is, those in an equivalent range.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the abnormality diagnosis system 1 of the present embodiment includes a ball screw 7 and a pair of linear guides 9, 9 which are linear motion guide devices incorporated in a mechanical facility 5, and a ball screw 7 and a pair of pairs. Based on the sensor unit 20 installed in each of the linear guides 9 and 9 and a signal output from the sensor unit 20, the linear motion guide device and various devices (for example, the ball screw 7) arranged around the linear motion guide device are arranged. An abnormality diagnosing device 30 for diagnosing an abnormality of a driving motor). The linear motion guide device of the present embodiment includes the ball screw 7 and the pair of linear guides 9 and 9, but is not limited to this configuration. That is, the linear motion guide device of the present invention may have at least one of the ball screw 7 and the linear guide 9.

  A pair of linear guides 9 and 9 are arrange | positioned so that the ball screw 7 may be pinched | interposed from the width direction (left-right direction in the figure) through space. Referring also to FIG. 2, the linear guide 9 has a long rail 9a (inward member) fixed to the base 11 with bolts and the like, and a slider 9b (outer member) supported by the rail 9a. . The slider 9b is supported by a rail 9a via a rolling element such as a ball, and can move linearly along the longitudinal direction of the rail 9a (the depth direction in FIG. 1 in the drawing, the left-right direction in FIG. 2). It is. The pair of sliders 9b, 9b are fixed to the lower surface of the table 13 with bolts or the like.

  Referring also to FIG. 3, the ball screw 7 includes a long screw shaft 7a (inner member) and a nut 7b (outer member) disposed on the outer periphery of the screw shaft 7a. A spiral ball groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the screw shaft 7a. A ball groove facing the ball groove of the screw shaft 7a is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the nut 7b. The screw shaft 7a and the nut 7b are fixed to each other so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction via a plurality of balls arranged in the ball groove. The nut 7b includes a small-diameter cylindrical portion 7c and a flange portion 7d that protrudes from a part in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 7c toward the outer diameter side. The flange portion 7d is formed with a plurality of (six in this embodiment) holes 7e penetrating the flange portion 7d in the axial direction. Then, the ball screw 7 is fixed to the bracket 14 provided on the lower surface of the table 13 by a bolt or the like attached to the hole 7e of the flange portion 7d. The screw shaft 7 a of the ball screw 7 is rotatably supported by a bearing portion (not shown) provided on the base 11. The screw shaft 7a is rotationally driven by a drive motor such as a stepping motor.

  In this way, the table 13 is linearly guided by the linear motion guide device including the pair of linear guides 9 and 9 and the ball screw 7. Therefore, the table 13 reciprocates linearly by rotating a drive motor (not shown) in the forward and reverse directions.

  In the ball screw 7 and the pair of linear guides 9, 9, a sensor unit 20 that detects ambient signals is embedded and installed. Hereinafter, a method for installing the sensor unit 20 on the ball screw 7 and the pair of linear guides 9 and 9 will be described more specifically.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a mounting hole 8 for mounting the sensor unit 20 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 7 c of the ball screw 7. The mounting hole 8 has a substantially rectangular large-diameter hole 8a that is recessed in the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 7c, and a cylindrical small-diameter hole 8b that is recessed in the center of the large-diameter hole 8a. A female screw portion 8c is formed on the side surface of the small-diameter hole 8b, and a male screw portion 27c of a casing 27 of the sensor unit 20 described later can be screwed and fixed.

  As shown in FIG. 5, a mounting hole 10 for mounting the sensor unit 20 is provided on the side surface 9c on the inner side in the width direction of the slider 9b of the linear guide 9 (on the ball screw 7 side in FIG. 1). The mounting hole 10 includes a substantially rectangular large-diameter hole 10a that is recessed in the side surface 9c of the slider 9b, and a cylindrical small-diameter hole 10b that is recessed in the center of the large-diameter hole 10a. A female screw portion 10c is formed on the side surface of the small-diameter hole 10b, and a male screw portion 27c of a casing 27 of the sensor unit 20 described later can be screwed and fixed.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the sensor unit 20 includes a housing 27 that houses the sensor module 21, the wireless module 23, and the power generation module 25. Thus, by accommodating each module 21, 23, 25 in one package, problems such as occurrence of disconnection between the modules 21, 23, 25 are reduced, and reliability is improved. The casing 27 includes a cylindrical large-diameter portion 27a that houses the modules 21, 23, and 25, and a cylindrical small-diameter portion 27b that protrudes downward from the center of the large-diameter portion 27a. Become. A male screw portion 27c is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter portion 27b.

  Therefore, the sensor unit 20 is fixed to the ball screw 7 and the pair of linear guides 9 and 9 by screwing the male screw portion 27c of the housing 27 into the female screw portions 8c and 10c of the small diameter holes 8b and 10b. By adopting such an attachment type, when only the sensor unit 20 is to be replaced, or when only the ball screw 7 and the pair of linear guides 9 and 9 are to be replaced, they can be easily removed. Here, since the dimensions of the large-diameter holes 8a and 10a and the small-diameter holes 8b and 10b are set to be larger than the dimensions of the large-diameter portion 27a and the small-diameter portion 27b of the housing 27, the sensor unit 20 includes the ball screw 7 and the pair. The linear guides 9 and 9 do not protrude outside. Therefore, the sensor unit 20 can be prevented from interfering with surrounding members.

  The shape of the large-diameter portion 27a of the housing 27 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and an arbitrary shape such as a hexagonal cylindrical shape or an octagonal cylindrical shape may be adopted. By making the large-diameter portion 27a into a hexagonal cylinder shape or the like, it becomes easy to grip the outer periphery of the large-diameter portion 27a with a tool, and the sensor unit 20 can be easily attached to and detached from the mounting hole 12. Furthermore, if a hexagonal cylindrical hole or the like into which a tool can be inserted is provided in the upper part of the large-diameter portion 27a of the housing 27, the sensor unit 20 can be easily attached and detached.

  Note that the casing 27 of the sensor unit 20 is not limited to the above-described configuration, and the configuration illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7 may be employed. The casing 27 shown in FIG. 6 has a bottomed shape with an open top by providing a flange portion 27d that protrudes on the opposite side of the small diameter portion 27b on the periphery of the large diameter portion 27a. And after arrange | positioning each module 21,23,25 to the bottom part of the large diameter part 27a, the resin mold 29 is shape | molded on these modules 21,23,25 upper part. Further, in the casing 27 shown in FIG. 7, a cover member 28 is fitted on the outer periphery of the flange portion 27d instead of the resin mold 29 shown in FIG.

  In this embodiment, the sensor unit 20 is fixed to all of the ball screw 7 and the pair of linear guides 9, 9. However, the sensor unit 20 is fixed to at least one of the ball screw 7 and the pair of linear guides 9, 9. It only has to be done. The sensor unit 20 is not particularly limited as long as the female screw portion can be formed among the constituent members of the ball screw 7 and the linear guide 9. For example, the flange portion 7 d of the ball screw 7 and the linear guide 9 are not limited. The sensor unit 20 may be fixed to the rail 9a. In addition, when it is not necessary to remove the sensor unit 20, adhesive fixing, fitting fixing, or the like can be employed instead of screwing fixing.

  The sensor module 21 constituting the sensor unit 20 is composed of one or more sensor elements, and is arranged around the ball screw 7 and the pair of linear guides 9 and 9 and the ball screw 7 and the pair of linear guides 9 and 9. A sensor that can monitor (measure) the state of the device (for example, a motor that drives the ball screw 7 or a bearing that rotatably holds the ball screw 7 with respect to the base 11) is applied. The sensor module 21 of the present embodiment is composed of a module equipped with a temperature sensor. The temperature detected by the temperature sensor is affected by heat generated by the ball screw 7, the pair of linear guides 9, 9, a motor, a bearing, and the like.

  The wireless (communication) module 23 is a module that transmits a signal detected by the sensor module 21 to the outside as a radio wave. The type of radio is not particularly limited, but digital communication is preferable to analog communication because the package can be downsized. The communication standard is not particularly limited, but using an existing communication standard such as Bluetooth (registered trademark) or Wi-Fi is advantageous in terms of cost.

  The power generation module 25 supplies power to the sensor module 21 and the wireless module 23. As a power generation method of the power generation module 25, any method such as power generation using vibration, power generation using light, power generation using wireless power feeding from the outside can be adopted. Alternatively, a power supply module such as a battery may be employed.

  The temperature data detected by the sensor module 21 is transmitted to the abnormality diagnosis device 30 by the wireless module 23. The abnormality diagnosis device 30 includes a receiving device 34 that receives a radio wave transmitted by the wireless module 23. Further, the abnormality diagnosis apparatus 30 includes, for example, a microcomputer, and each unit such as the data collection unit 31 executes the following processes by executing a program recorded and held in the microcomputer. It will be.

  The data collection unit 31 of the abnormality diagnosis device 30 collects output data from the sensor module 21. The data processing unit 32 of the abnormality diagnosis device 30 processes the collected output data and stores each output data. When the output value of the sensor module 21 first rises from the rated temperature or first exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the state determination unit 33 of the abnormality diagnosis device 30 is configured such that the ball screw 7, the pair of linear guides 9 and 9, and the motor And at least one of the bearings and the like is determined to be in an abnormal state.

  In the mechanical equipment 5 in which the abnormality diagnosis system 1 is incorporated, heat is generated from the ball screw 7, the pair of linear guides 9, 9, the motor, and the bearing. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, the temperature increase curve obtained from the output value of the sensor module 21 of the sensor unit 20 increases for a while after the operation of the ball screw 7, the pair of linear guides 9, 9, the motor, and the bearing starts. However, when a certain temperature (rated temperature Ta) is reached after a certain period of time, the heat generated by the ball screw 7, the pair of linear guides 9, 9, the motor, and the bearing and the heat escaping to the balance are balanced, It becomes a state.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 9, when any one of the ball screw 7, the pair of linear guides 9, 9, the motor, and the bearing abnormally generates heat for some reason at time t, the output value of the sensor module 21 is It rises and exceeds a predetermined threshold value Tb.

  Therefore, the abnormality diagnosis device 30 includes the ball screw 7, the pair of linear guides 9, 9, the motor, and the bearing based on the output value of the sensor module 21 increasing or the output value exceeding the threshold value Tb. And determining that at least one is in an abnormal state.

  As described above, according to the abnormality diagnosis system 1 of the present embodiment, abnormality diagnosis of the ball screw 7 and the pair of linear guides 9, 9, and devices disposed around the ball screw 7 and the pair of linear guides 9, 9 ( It is possible to efficiently diagnose abnormality of a motor and a bearing.

  The sensor module 21 may detect only the heat generated by the member (the ball screw 7 or the linear guide 9) to which the sensor unit 20 is fixed by increasing the sensor sensitivity. In this case, since the sensor module 21 is not affected by the heat generated by the devices (motor and bearing) around the ball screw 7 and the linear guide 9, the abnormality diagnosis device 30 includes the sensor module 21 with an increased output value. It is determined that the ball screw 7 or the linear guide 9 is in an abnormal state.

  Since the sensor unit 20 is incorporated into a measurement object (the ball screw 7 and the linear guide 9) inside the mechanical equipment 5, when the sensor unit 20 transmits a radio wave, the radio wave is received by the receiver of the abnormality diagnosis device 30. May not reach 34. Therefore, a relay device 35 is disposed between the wireless module 23 of the sensor unit 20 and the receiving device 34 of the abnormality diagnosis device 30, and the relay device 35 receives wireless radio waves transmitted from the wireless module 23 and receives the receiving device. 34 may be transferred.

  The relay device 35 may be a non-metal through which a radio signal passes, or may have an antenna 36 inside and outside the mechanical equipment 5 and transmit data received inside to the outside. The power supply of the relay device 35 may be self-generated by vibration or the like, may be contactless power feeding, may be a primary battery such as a button battery, and is not particularly limited.

  It should be noted that data transfer may be performed with respect to one sensor unit 20 by one relay device 35, and data transfer may be performed with respect to a plurality of sensor units 20 with one relay device 35.

  The radio wave from the radio module 23 may be transmitted only when the sensor module 21 detects abnormal data. In this case, since it is not necessary to transmit data wirelessly at all times, the power consumption of the entire sensor unit 20 can be suppressed.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, A change, improvement, etc. are possible suitably.

  The installation position of the sensor unit 20 may be changed as appropriate so as to be in a position or phase suitable for an object for which abnormality is to be detected. For example, by arranging the sensor unit 20 in the vicinity of the motor or the bearing in the ball screw 7 or the linear guide 9 and improving the sensitivity to the abnormality of the motor or the bearing, the sensor unit 20 may be suitable for detecting the abnormality of the motor or the bearing. Good.

  In the above embodiment, the sensor unit 20 is fixed to the outer member (nut 7b, slider 9b) of the linear guide device, but may be fixed to the inner member (screw shaft 7a, rail 9a).

  Further, the type of the sensor constituting the sensor module 21 is not limited as long as the state of the diagnosis target can be monitored. For example, a vibration sensor, a load sensor, or a strain sensor may be employed.

  When the abnormality diagnosis device 30 determines an abnormality to be diagnosed, it can notify the host system and automatically stop the mechanical equipment, and can also warn the operator and the administrator with an alarm or a screen display. .

  The device disposed around the ball screw 7 and the pair of linear guides 9 and 9 is not limited to the motor and the bearing described above, and any device can be employed.

1 Abnormality diagnosis system 5 Mechanical equipment 7 Ball screw (linear motion guide device)
7a Screw shaft (inner member)
7b Nut (outer member)
7c Cylindrical part 7d Flange part 8 Mounting hole 8a Large diameter hole 8b Small diameter hole 8c Female thread part 9 Linear guide (linear motion guide device)
9a rail (inner member)
9b Slider (outer member)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Mounting hole 10a Large diameter hole 10b Small diameter hole 10c Female thread part 11 Base 13 Table 14 Bracket 20 Sensor unit 21 Sensor module 23 Wireless module 25 Power generation module 27 Case 27a Large diameter part 27b Small diameter part 27c Male thread part 27d Flange part 28 Lid Member 29 Resin mold 30 Abnormality diagnosis device 31 Data collection unit 32 Data processing unit 33 State determination unit 34 Reception device 35 Relay device 36 Antenna

Claims (8)

A sensor module that detects ambient signals, a wireless module that transmits a signal detected by the sensor module as a radio wave, a power generation or power supply module that supplies power to the sensor module and the wireless module, and the sensor module And a housing that houses the wireless module and the power generation or power supply module in one, is fixed to the linear motion guide device,
An abnormality diagnosis system comprising an abnormality diagnosing device for diagnosing an abnormality of the linear motion guide device based on radio waves transmitted from the wireless module.   The abnormality diagnosis system according to claim 1, wherein the sensor unit is fixed to an inner member or an outer member of the linear motion guide device.   The abnormality diagnosis system according to claim 1, wherein the abnormality diagnosis device diagnoses an abnormality of a device arranged around the linear motion guide device based on a radio wave transmitted from the wireless module. The housing has a male screw part,
The abnormality diagnosis system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the male screw portion is screwed and fixed to a female screw portion provided in the linear motion guide device.   The abnormality diagnosis system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a radio wave from the wireless module is transmitted only when abnormality data is detected by the sensor module.   The abnormality diagnosis system according to claim 1, wherein the sensor module includes any one of a vibration sensor, a temperature sensor, and a strain sensor. Comprising a relay device for receiving radio waves transmitted from the radio module;
The abnormality diagnosis system according to claim 1, wherein the abnormality diagnosis device diagnoses an abnormality based on a signal transferred from the relay device.   The abnormality diagnosis system according to claim 1, wherein the linear motion guide device is at least one of a ball screw and a linear guide.

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