JP2016512230A - パーキンソン病の治療方法 - Google Patents
パーキンソン病の治療方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016512230A JP2016512230A JP2015562555A JP2015562555A JP2016512230A JP 2016512230 A JP2016512230 A JP 2016512230A JP 2015562555 A JP2015562555 A JP 2015562555A JP 2015562555 A JP2015562555 A JP 2015562555A JP 2016512230 A JP2016512230 A JP 2016512230A
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- levodopa
- carbidopa
- arginine
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Abstract
Description
(i)上述したような非経口組成物、すなわち、例えば経皮投与、皮内投与または皮下投与、好ましくは持続非経口投与を目的として製剤化された非経口投与用の医薬組成物であって、ドパ脱炭酸酵素阻害薬(例えばカルビドパ)またはその薬学的に許容される塩(例えばそのメグルミン塩もしくはアルギニン塩)とレボドパまたはその薬学的に許容される塩(例えばそのメグルミン塩もしくはアルギニン塩)とを含有する非経口組成物;
(ii)上述したような経口組成物、すなわち経口投与用に製剤化された医薬組成物であって、COMT阻害薬(例えばエンタカポンまたはトルカポン)を含有する経口組成物;
ならびに
(iii)パーキンソン病などの神経疾患または運動障害性疾患の治療を目的とした上記医薬組成物を併用投与するための使用説明書
を含むキットも想定される。
A.2%カルビドパ溶液/製剤を以下の通り調製した。カルビドパ[ASSIA社]にあらかじめ加熱した0.1%亜硫酸水素ナトリウム溶液を添加し、さらにアルギニン(Merck社)を最終モル比がCD(カルビドパ):Arg(アルギニン)=1:1.2になるように添加して、完全に溶解するまで60℃で撹拌を続けた。加熱をやめて、得られた調製物を室温まで放冷した。得られた溶液のpHは8.5であった。この溶液を0.22μm滅菌PVDFメンブレンを用いて濾過した。
レボドパ(LD)製剤およびカルビドパ(CD)製剤は以下の通り調製することができる。しかし、表Aに示すように、調製方法は、各組成物の物理的安定性および化学的安定性に大きな影響を及ぼす。
L−アルギニンおよびNa−Bis(Na−bisulfate)を水に溶解してLD粉末およびCD粉末に加え、これを75℃で13分間加熱撹拌して粉末を完全に溶解させた。このLD/CD溶液を室温で10分間放冷した。
すべての粉末(LD、CDおよびL−アルギニン)を量り取り、これにNa−Bisを含む水を加えた。この懸濁液を75℃で13分間加熱撹拌して粉末を完全に溶解させた。このLD/CD溶液を室温で10分間放冷した。
すべての粉末(LD、CDおよびL−アルギニン)を量り取り、これに水を加えた。この懸濁液を75℃で13分間加熱撹拌して粉末を完全に溶解させた。このLD/CD溶液を室温で10分間放冷した。
LDおよび適量のL−アルギニンを量り取り、これに水およびNa−Bis溶液を加えた。この懸濁液を75℃で7分間加熱して粉末を完全に溶解させた後、室温で7分間放置した。CDおよび適量のL−アルギニンを量り取り、先に調製したLD/アルギニン溶液に60℃で加えて完全に溶解させた。最後に、さらにL−アルギニンを追加した。
LDおよび適量のL−アルギニンを量り取り、これに水を加えた。この懸濁液を75℃で7分間加熱して粉末を完全に溶解させた後、室温で7分間放置した。CDおよび適量のL−アルギニンを量り取り、先に調製したLD/アルギニン溶液に60℃で加えて完全に溶解させた。最後に、さらにL−アルギニンを追加した。
[b]2回目の試験の回収率が1回目の試験の値より低くなっているが、これはサンプリング時に技術的問題が生じたためである。
レボドパ、カルビドパおよびアルギニンを含む液体製剤を実施例2に記載した手順で調製し、アルギニンおよび/またはアミノ糖(例えばメグルミン)および/または糖類(例えばデキストロース)および/または塩基(水酸化ナトリウム)またはアルギニン以外の塩基性アミノ酸(例えばリジン、ヒスチジン)をそれぞれ異なる濃度で含む各種製剤の比較検討を行った。結果を表Bに示す。
レボドパ製剤に対するカルビドパの効果を調べた。0重量%、0.5重量%、1重量%、1.5重量%または2重量%のカルビドパ(CD)と一定濃度のアルギニンとを含むレボドパ(LD)製剤を調製した。各製剤の物理的安定性および化学的安定性を評価し、表Fに示した。
カルビドパの安定性に対するレボドパの効果を調べた。その結果を表Hに示す。
レボドパの局所的毒性に対するカルビドパの効果をブタを用いて調べた。6%のLDおよび0%、0.5%または1%のCDを含み、アルギニンをそれぞれ13.5%、14.2%または14.8%含む溶液をブタに0.16mL/時間で24時間持続的に皮下投与した。各製剤の投与には、それぞれ2匹のブタを使用した。皮膚サンプルは8±1日後に採取した。図2より、in vivoにおいて1%のカルビドパの存在により、レボドパによる毒性の程度および範囲が減少することが分かる。
この実験における目的は、ブタを対象として、カルビドパ、レボドパもしくはエンタカポンまたはこれらの組み合わせの持続皮下投与とLD/CDの経口投与を併用して行い、その後の血漿中のLD(レボドパ)濃度を測定することである。
表KおよびLに、その他のカルビドパ製剤およびレボドパ/カルビドパ製剤の例を提示するが、本発明はこれらに限定されない。
この実験における目的は、ヒトボランティアを対象にして、カルビドパおよびレボドパの持続皮下投与とエンタカポンの経口投与を併用して行い、その後のレボドパ(LD)、カルビドパ(CD)および3−O−メチルドパ(3−OMD)それぞれの血漿濃度を測定することである。
本発明の特定の実施形態について説明してきたが、これまでの明細書の内容は例示的なものであり、本発明を限定するものではない。上記内容を鑑みれば、本発明の多くの変形は当業者にとって自明であろう。本発明の全範囲は、特許請求の範囲とその等価物の全範囲、および本明細書と上述の変形を参照することによって決定されるものである。
本明細書に引用されているすべての特許、公開特許出願、ウェブサイトおよびその他の参考資料の全内容は、それぞれ参照によりその全体が明示的に本明細書に組み込まれる。
Claims (24)
- パーキンソン病の治療方法であって、それを必要とする対象にカルビドパおよびレボドパを含有する医薬組成物を非経口投与すること、ならびにカテコール−O−メチルトランスフェラーゼ(COMT)阻害薬を経口投与することを含む方法。
- 前記組成物が皮下、経皮的、皮内、静脈内、筋肉内、気管内、鼻腔内、髄腔内、胃内または十二指腸内に投与される請求項1の方法。
- 前記組成物が前記対象の体の1以上の部位に投与される請求項1の方法。
- 前記組成物が実質的に持続的に投与される請求項1〜3のいずれか1項の方法。
- 前記組成物がアルギニンをさらに含む請求項4の方法。
- 前記組成物におけるカルビドパおよびレボドパとアルギニンとのモル比が約1:2〜約1:3.5である請求項5の方法。
- 前記組成物が(i)アルギニン、約0.1〜2重量%のカルビドパおよび約4〜8重量%のレボドパを含むか、または(ii)アルギニン、約0.6〜1.5重量%のカルビドパおよび約6重量%のレボドパを含む請求項6の方法。
- 前記組成物の投与が約0.1〜1000μL/時間/部位の速度で行われるか、約2〜10mL/24時間/部位、好ましくは約4〜6mL/24時間/部位の量で行われるか、レボドパ約80〜800mg/日およびカルビドパ約20〜200mg/日の用量で行われるか、またはレボドパ約240〜360mg/日/部位およびカルビドパ約60〜90mg/日/部位の速度で行われる請求項7の方法。
- 前記組成物が皮下、経皮的、皮内、静脈内、筋肉内、気管内、鼻腔内または髄腔内に投与される請求項8の方法。
- 前記組成物が(i)アルギニン、約1〜4重量%のカルビドパおよび約6〜16重量%のレボドパを含むか、または(ii)アルギニン、約1.5〜2.5重量%のカルビドパおよび約12重量%のレボドパを含む請求項6の方法。
- 前記組成物の投与が約0.2〜2000μL/時間/部位の速度で行われるか、約10〜24mL/24時間/部位、好ましくは約12〜16mL/24時間/部位の量で行われるか、レボドパ約600〜4000mg/日およびカルビドパ約60〜500mg/日の用量で行われるか、またはレボドパ約800〜1600mg/日/部位およびカルビドパ約200〜400mg/日/部位の速度で行われる請求項10の方法。
- 前記組成物が胃内または十二指腸内に投与される請求項11の方法。
- 前記COMT阻害薬がエンタカポンまたはトルカポンであり、1日1回、2回、3回、4回または5回投与される請求項1〜12のいずれか1項の方法。
- 前記COMT阻害薬がエンタカポンであり、約200mg〜約600mg、好ましくは約400mgの用量で、1日2回または3回投与される請求項13の方法。
- エンタカポンが1日2回投与される請求項14の方法。
- 前記COMT阻害薬がトルカポンであり、約50mg〜約200mg、好ましくは約100mgの用量で、1日1回、2回または3回投与される請求項13の方法。
- トルカポンが1日2回投与される請求項16の方法。
- パーキンソン病の治療において組み合わせて使用するための、カルビドパ、レボドパおよびCOMT阻害薬であって、カルビドパおよびレボドパが単一の非経口組成物として製剤化され、前記COMT阻害薬が経口組成物として製剤化されることを特徴とするカルビドパ、レボドパおよびCOMT阻害薬。
- カルビドパおよびレボドパが皮下、経皮的、皮内、静脈内、筋肉内、気管内、鼻腔内、髄腔内、胃内または十二指腸内に投与される組成物として製剤化される請求項18の使用。
- 前記非経口組成物が実質的に持続的な投与に適している請求項18の使用。
- 前記非経口組成物がアルギニンをさらに含む請求項18〜20のいずれか1項の使用。
- 前記組成物におけるカルビドパおよびレボドパとアルギニンとのモル比が約1:2〜約1:3.5である請求項21の使用。
- 前記組成物が(i)アルギニン、約0.1〜2重量%のカルビドパおよび約4〜8重量%のレボドパを含むか、(ii)アルギニン、約0.6〜1.5重量%のカルビドパおよび約6重量%のレボドパを含むか、(iii)アルギニン、約1〜4重量%のカルビドパおよび約6〜16重量%のレボドパを含むか、または(iv)アルギニン、約1.5〜2.5重量%のカルビドパおよび約12重量%のレボドパを含む請求項22の使用。
- 前記COMT阻害薬がエンタカポンまたはトルカポンである請求項18〜23のいずれか1項の使用。
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