JP2015525182A - グラフェン基LiFePO4/C複合材料の製造方法 - Google Patents
グラフェン基LiFePO4/C複合材料の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015525182A JP2015525182A JP2015511914A JP2015511914A JP2015525182A JP 2015525182 A JP2015525182 A JP 2015525182A JP 2015511914 A JP2015511914 A JP 2015511914A JP 2015511914 A JP2015511914 A JP 2015511914A JP 2015525182 A JP2015525182 A JP 2015525182A
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910052493 LiFePO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 4
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910000398 iron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium acetate Chemical compound [Li+].CC([O-])=O XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940116007 ferrous phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000155 iron(II) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SDEKDNPYZOERBP-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(ii) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O SDEKDNPYZOERBP-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- RIUPZGKOQCFYRO-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Li+].[O-2].[OH-].O.P.[Fe+2] Chemical compound [Li+].[O-2].[OH-].O.P.[Fe+2] RIUPZGKOQCFYRO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011363 dried mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001447 ferric ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron(3+);oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Fe+3] IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003017 phosphorus Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
[1]本発明は、リチウムイオン電池の陽極材料の製造技術分野に関し、具体的に、グラフェン基LiFePO4/Cの複合材料の製造方法に関する。
[2]エネルギーは、人類社会の生存及び発展において重要な物質的基礎である。経済と社会の絶えずな発展につれて、世界のエネルギー要求量はだんだん増えている。グローバルの気候暖化と生態環境の絶えずな悪化につれて、リチウムイオン電池は、グリンエネルギーとしてより多い注目を受けている。
発明が解決しようとする課題
[6]本発明は、グラフェン基LiFePO4/C複合材料の方法に関し、従来のリン酸鉄リチウム製造工程技術の欠点を解決し、リン酸鉄リチウム陽極材料導電性の悪く、倍率性が悪い問題を解決した。
[7]本発明の該技術問題を解決するために採用した技術方案は、以下のステップを含む。
[35]本発明の有益効果は、本発明は、グラフェンの優れた導電性をリン酸鉄リチウム陽極材料の合成に利用して、従来のリン酸鉄リチウム製造工程技術での不足及びリン酸鉄リチウム陽極材料の導電性が悪く、循環性が悪い問題を解決した。本発明の工程過程は簡単で、制御が容易で、獲得したグラフェンで改質されたリン酸鉄リチウム/炭素複合材料の比容量が高く、循環性が良く、倍率性が優れて、電源電池の利用分野に適合している。
[40]以下の実施例は、本発明を説明するためのもので、本発明をさらに限定するためのものではない。
Claims (10)
- 1)酸化グラフェンと鉄塩とを、酸化グラフェンと鉄元素との質量比0.1〜0.3:1の割合で脱イオン水に溶解させ、超音波分散を行って、酸化グラフェンが分散された鉄塩溶液を得る、酸化グラフェンが分散された鉄塩溶液を製造するステップと、
2)ステップ1)で製造した酸化グラフェンが分散された鉄塩溶液とリン酸塩溶液を混合して反応混合液を獲得し、その反応混合液においてFe:Pのモル比=1:1〜1.2で、反応混合液のpHを2〜4に調整し、温度を60℃〜80℃に制御して反応させて、乳濁液を獲得し、前記乳濁液を濾過、洗浄、乾燥して、リン酸鉄/酸化グラフェン前躯体を得る、リン酸鉄/酸化グラフェンの前躯体を製造するステップと、
3)ステップ2)で得たリン酸鉄/酸化グラフェン前躯体とリチウム塩を質量比Li:Fe=1〜1.05:1で調合し、炭素源を入れてボールミリングして、還元性雰囲気にて600℃〜700℃の条件で焼結させて、グラフェン基LiFePO4/C複合材料を得る、グラフェン基LiFePO4/C複合材料を製造するステップとを含む
ことを特徴とするグラフェン基LiFePO4/C複合材料の製造方法。 - 前記ステップ1)で、酸化グラフェンが分散された鉄塩溶液での鉄イオンの濃度は0.5〜2mol/Lであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のグラフェン基LiFePO4/C複合材料の製造方法。
- 前記ステップ1)で、超音波分散は、2〜5時間行うことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のグラフェン基LiFePO4/C複合材料の製造方法。
- 前記ステップ2)で、反応時間は3〜6時間であり、前記ステップ2)で、焼結時間は5〜10時間であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のグラフェン基LiFePO4/C複合材料の製造方法。
- 前記ステップ1)での鉄塩溶液は、硫酸第二鉄、塩化鉄、硝酸鉄における一つを含むもの、又は、第一鉄塩を溶解してから、過量のH2O2で酸化して得られるものであり、
前記第一鉄塩は、硫酸第一鉄、塩化第一鉄、硝酸第一鉄における一つであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載のグラフェン基LiFePO4/C複合材料の製造方法。 - 前記ステップ2)でのリン酸塩は、リン酸、リン酸二水素アンモニウム、リン酸二アンモニウム、リン酸アンモニウム、又は二リン酸ナトリウム、リン酸水素二ナトリウム、リン酸二ナトリウムにおける一つであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載のグラフェン基LiFePO4/C複合材料の製造方法。
- 前記ステップ2)での塩基性溶液は、水酸化ナトリウム又はアンモニア水であり、濃度は0.5〜5mol/Lであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載のグラフェン基LiFePO4/C複合材料の製造方法。
- 前記ステップ3)でのリチウム塩は、炭酸リチウム、水酸化リチウムと酢酸リチウムにおける一つであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載のグラフェン基LiFePO4/C複合材料の製造方法。
- 前記ステップ3)での炭素源は、デキストロース、蔗糖、果糖、乳糖、クエン酸、澱粉、ポリビニール、ポリプロペン、フェノール樹脂における少なくとも一つであり、添加量は理論リン酸鉄リチウム質量分率の5〜20%であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載のグラフェン基LiFePO4/C複合材料の製造方法。
- 前記のステップ3)での還元性雰囲気は、体積比Ar:H2=90:10〜95:5又はN2:H2=90:10〜95:5の混合気体であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載のグラフェン基LiFePO4/C複合材料の製造方法。
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