JP2014524092A - 単一ソケットポイントツーマルチポイント性能による高信頼性仮想双方向データストリーム通信のためのシステムおよび方法 - Google Patents
単一ソケットポイントツーマルチポイント性能による高信頼性仮想双方向データストリーム通信のためのシステムおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【選択図】 なし
Description
本願は、2011年7月15日に出願された表題「SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR RELIABLE VIRTUAL BI−DIRECTIONAL DATA STREAM COMMUNICATIONS WITH SINGLE SOCKET POINT−TO−MULTIPOINT CAPABILITY」の米国特許出願第13/183,587号の優先権を主張するものである。
タイムアウト=RTT*X+RTTvar*Y
(ここで、RTTは、先に計算されたRTT値(ステップ1118参照)であり、RTTvarは、先に計算されたRTT分散値(ステップ1120参照)であり、Xは、RTTの倍数であり、Yは、パーセント値である)として計算される。より具体的には、RTTの分散がゼロに近いとしても、タイムアウトをRTTの倍数として有することが望ましい場合がある。この倍数は、Xにより示され、本実施例においては1.5である。顕著なRTT分散が存在する場合、パケットが減少し得る統計学的釣鐘曲線を大きなパーセント値で含むタイムアウトにすることが望ましい場合がある。このパーセント値は、Yにより示され、本実施例においては3である。XおよびYの一方または両方の値が、より高くても、または低くてもよく、この実施例に示された値に限定されないことを、理解されたい。この方式においてタイムアウトを変動させることにより、方法1100は、変動条件に適合させようと試みる。必要とされる時間よりも長いタイムアウトにすると、効率的方式で応答するのに十分急速にパケットロスを検出することができない。十分に長くないタイムアウトでは、パケットを不必要に再転送する可能性がある。
RTT*=<RTTバックオフファクター>
(ここで、RTTバックオフファクターは、タイムアウトを延長させるために用いられる)として計算される。より具体的には、タイムアウトを超えた時に、再転送が起こる。アルゴリズム(例えば、カーンアルゴリズム)が、RTT値を指数関数的にバックオフして、RTT値をネットワーク標準値に徐々にフォールバックさせるために用いられてもよい。ネットワーク上の問題によりパケットが下降している場合、再転送は、問題の更なる深刻化に寄与する可能性がある。これを回避するために、タイマーを急速にバックオフすることが望ましい場合がある。したがってタイムアウトがあるごとに、該方法は、本実施例においては2であるRTTバックオフファクターにより、RTTをバックオフする。この値がより高くても、または低くてもよく、本実施例に示された値に限定されないことを、理解されたい。
NewRTT+=(CurrRTT−OldRTT)*1/M
(ここで、NewRTTは、RTTの新しい値であり、CurrRTTは、RTTの現在の値であり、OldRTTは、RTTの過去の値であり、Mは、RTT変動ファクタである)として計算される。Mの値が高いほど、RTT値をより緩やかに変動させ、低い値ほど、RTT値をより急速に変動させる。本実施例において、Mは、8であるが、この値がより高くても、または低くてもよく、この実施例に示された値に限定されないことを、理解されたい。RTTの所定の値、例えば100msが最初に用いられてもよく、RTT値が、その後そこから発展してもよいことに、留意されたい。
NewRTTvar+=(CurrRTTvar−(Abs(CurrRTT−OldRTT)*1/N
(ここで、NewRTTvarは、RTTの新しい分散値であり、CurrRTTvarは、RTTの現在の分散値であり、CurrRTTは、このセグメントについて計算されたRTTであり、OldRTTは、RTTの過去の値であり、Nは、RTT分散変動ファクタである)として計算される。Nの値が高いほど、RTT分散値をより緩やかに変動させ、低い値ほど、RTT分散値をより急速に変動させる。本実施例において、Nは、4であるが、この値がより高くても、または低くてもよく、この実施例に示された値に限定されないことを、理解されたい。RTT分散値を計算した後、方法1100は、ステップ1116に続く。
この出願の発明に関連する先行技術文献情報としては、以下のものがある(国際出願日以降国際段階で引用された文献及び他国に国内移行した際に引用された文献を含む)。
(先行技術文献)
(特許文献)
(特許文献1) 国際公開第2006/064047号
(特許文献2) 欧州特許出願公開第1638275号明細書
(特許文献3) 欧州特許出願公開第1603339号明細書
Claims (16)
- 第1の通信装置および第2の通信装置の間で仮想双方向データストリームを使用する、データをストリーミングする方法において、
前記第1の装置によって、ストリーミングデータパケットD1を作成することと、
前記第1の装置によって、前記データセグメントおよびD1をコネクションレストランスポート層パケットのペイロードセクションの中に挿入することであって、D1および前記トランスポート層パケットの少なくとも1つは、D1と共に送信されるデータセグメントの前記データストリームの開始位置を識別する送信欄と、すべてのデータが前記第1の装置によって受信されたところまでの前記データストリームの箇所を識別する肯定応答(ACK)欄と、前記データストリームのために前記第1の装置によって使用される接続を識別する固有の識別子(UID)と、前記第1の装置の受信バッファで利用可能なスペース容量を識別するウィンドウ欄と、パケット形式欄と、D1が所定の長さを有することを確実にするのに使用されるパディングの量を識別するパッド欄と、前記第1の装置のネットワークアドレスと、前記第2の装置のネットワークアドレスと、前記トランスポート層パケットの長さと、を含んでいる、前記データセグメントおよびD1をコネクションレストランスポート層パケットのペイロードセクションの中に挿入することと、
前記第1の装置によって、前記トランスポート層パケットを前記第2の装置に送信することと、
前記第1の装置から前記第2の装置まで先に送信されたパケットの第1のRTTおよび第2のRTTに基づく現在のラウンドトリップ時間(RTT)および設定可能なRTT変動ファクタを、前記第1の装置によって、取得することと、
以前のRTT分散に基づく現在のRTT分散、前記第1のRTTおよび第2のRTT並びに設定可能なRTT分散変動ファクタを、前記第1の装置によって、取得することと、
前記現在のRTTおよび前記現在のRTT分散に基づいてD1用タイムアウトを前記第1の装置によって計算することと、
前記タイムアウトが所定のタイムアウト制限を超えない場合には、およびD1用ACKが、前記第2の装置から受信されなかった場合には、前記第1の装置によってD1を再送することと、を備えていることを特徴とする方法。 - 前記第1の装置から前記第2の装置まで先に送信されたストリーミングデータパケットD2用の前記RTTとして前記現在のRTTを、RTT+=(CurrRTT―OldRTT)*1/Mのように、前記第1の装置によって、計算することをさらに備えており、CurrRTTが、D2の前に、前記第1の装置から前記第2の装置に送信されたストリーミングデータパケットD3の前記第1のRTTを表し、OldRTTが、D3の前に、前記第1の装置から前記第2の装置に送信されたストリーミングデータパケットD4の前記第2のRTTを表し、Mが設定可能なRTT変動ファクタを表している、請求項1に記載の方法。
- D2用に計算された前記RTTvarとして前記現在のRTT分散(RTTvar)を、RTTvar+=(CurrRTTVar−Abs(CurrRTT−OldRTT))*1/Nのように、前記第1の装置によって、計算することをさらに備えており、CurrRTTVarが、D3のRTTvarを表し、かつ前記以前のRTT分散であり、Nが、設定可能なRTT分散変動ファクタを表している、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記D1用タイムアウトを、前記第1の装置によって、タイムアウト=RTT* X + RTTvar* Yとして計算することであって、Xが、前記D2のRTTの倍数であり、Yが、ストリーミングデータパケットRTTの割合に基づくタイムアウト分散である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記タイムアウトが前記所定のタイムアウト制限を超えていない場合、および前記D1用ACKが前記第2の装置から受信されなかった場合には、新しいRTTおよび前記現在のRTT分散に基づいてD1用の新しいタイムアウトを、前記第1の装置によって、計算することをさらに備えており、前記新しいRTTが、前記現在のRTTを定義された時間バックオフファクタによって増大することによって取得される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の装置によって前記トランスポート層パケットを再送する前に、前記第2の装置によるD1の受領を肯定応答する、前記第2の装置からのACKを、前記第1の装置によって、受信することをさらに備えており、前記第1の装置が前記トランスポート層パケットを再送するのを、前記ACKの受領が止める、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ACKが前記第2の装置から受信された場合には、前記セグメントが再送信されたかどうかを、前記第1の装置によって、判定することと、
前記セグメントが再送信されなかった場合には、D1に基づいて新しいRTTおよび新しいRTTVarを計算することと、をさらに備えている、請求項6に記載の方法。 - D1に基づいて前記新しいRTTおよび新しいRTTVarを計算することが、
RTT+=(CurrRTT−OldRTT)*1/Mとして、前記新しいRTTを計算することであって、CurrRTTが、前記D2のRTTを表し、OldRTTが、前記D3のRTTを表している、前記新しいRTTを計算することと、
RTTvar+=(CurrRTTVar−Abs(CurrRTT−OldRTT))*1/Nとして、前記新しいRTTvarを計算することであって、CurrRTTVarが、D2の前記RTTvarを表している、前記新しいRTTvarを計算することと、を含んでなる、請求項7に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の装置によって、前記第2の装置からストリーミングデータパケットD2を受信することと、
前記第1の装置によって、ACKを前記D1のACK欄に挿入することであって、前記ACKがD2の受領を肯定応答する、ACKを挿入することと、をさらに備えている、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の装置によって、前記第2の装置との前記接続を開始することと、
前記第1の装置によって、前記第2の装置との前記データストリーム用接続を確立することと、
前記第1の装置によって、前記接続の確立を行なう間に前記第2の装置の遠隔ウィンドウサイズを取得することであって、前記遠隔ウィンドウサイズが、前記第2の装置上での前記データストリーム用に利用可能なスペースの量を識別する、遠隔ウィンドウサイズを取得することと、をさらに備えている、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の装置によって、前記第2の装置から前記接続の要求を受信することと、
前記第1の装置によって、前記接続の確立を行なう間に前記第1の装置のウィンドウサイズを前記第2の装置に送信することであって、前記ウィンドウサイズが、前記第1の装置上での前記データストリーム用に利用可能なスペースの量を識別する、ウィンドウサイズを送信することと、をさらに備えている、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 更新されたウィンドウサイズを前記D1のウィンドウ欄に挿入することをさらに備えている、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の装置および第2の装置が、互いに直接通信するピアツーピア装置であり、前記第1の装置によって、前記第2の装置との前記接続のためにピアツーピアセッションを確立することをさらに備えている、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の装置および第2の装置間の信号送信が、セッション確立プロトコル(SIP)対応信号送信である、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記トランスポート層パケットが、ユーザーデータグラムプロトコル(UDP)パケットである、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の装置によって、前記ストリーミングデータパケットD1を作成することが、前記送信欄と、前記ACK欄と、前記UIDと、前記ウィンドウ欄と、前記パケット型式欄と、前記パッド欄とを備えたD1を作成することを含んでおり、前記第1の装置の前記ネットワークアドレスと、前記第2の装置の前記ネットワークアドレスと、前記トランスポート層のパケット長とが、D1の中ではなく、前記トランスポート層パケットの中に含まれている、請求項1に記載の方法。
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US20130297816A1 (en) | 2013-11-07 |
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AU2012284387A1 (en) | 2014-02-06 |
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