JP2014080691A - 電気化学的用途のための高導電性表面 - Google Patents
電気化学的用途のための高導電性表面 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 258
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 251
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 251
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 76
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 24
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- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
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- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
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- OTCKNHQTLOBDDD-UHFFFAOYSA-K gold(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Au+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OTCKNHQTLOBDDD-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005019 vapor deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C23C4/01—Selective coating, e.g. pattern coating, without pre-treatment of the material to be coated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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Abstract
電気化学的用途における電気回路に低価格な塗装を提供でき、それらの電気導電性および/又は耐腐食性を強化することができる技術が望まれている。
【解決手段】
溶射技術を用いて高い導電性材料および耐腐食性材料、もしくは高導電性材料および耐腐食性材料に先行する初期物質を耐腐食性金属基板の表面上に被覆し、耐腐食性金属基板の全表面より少ない当該耐腐食性金属基板表面の一部を覆う複数スプラットを当該耐腐食性金属基板表面上に生成する方法。
【選択図】図1
Description
本発明は、電気化学的用途で使用される金属組成物の金属表面の導電性および/または耐腐食性に関し、特に、これらの金属組成物のデザインおよび耐腐食性金属基板表面の表面電気接触抵抗を下げるために少量の導体材料を被覆する、コストの面で効果的な製造方法の使用に関する。
電気化学的用途において、金属素材は塩素アルカリ処理に使用される電極や、低温燃料電池(プロトン交換膜)と高温燃料電池(個体酸化物)両方における分離と連結板材を含む様々な電気化学的装置に広く使用されている。金属素材は又、電池、電解槽、電気化学的気体分離にも使用されている。電気化学的装置の稼働と効率よく稼働さることによる装置内部の電気損失を減らすため、金属素材は表面に高電気導電性(又は低電気導電性)を有することが望ましい。電気化学的用途により直面する問題の一つに、金属性材料が高導電性だけでなく高耐腐食性も求められる点である。
電子化学的用途に使用され、金属回路基板の導電性および/または耐腐食性を従来よりも安価に向上させるために金属回路基板に処理される物質に関する様々な実施形態を下記に記載する。これらの実施形態は、例えば燃料電池、電池、電解槽、気体分離装置といった金属を基板とする部品をもつ電気化学的用途における装置に使用されうる。
耐腐食性金属基板10の表面の全エリアより少ない部分とは、金属スプラット12によって覆われる別の成分に接触するため典型的に使用される方法である。この方法において、金属スプラット12が、耐腐食性金属基板10表面に貴金属層を被覆するよりも実質的に少ない貴金属量で耐腐食性金属基板10表面導電性を増強することができる。いくつかの実施形態において、複数の金属スプラット12によって覆われている耐腐食性金属基板10の一部もしくは総量(例えば頂面エリア)が予め決められ、被覆されている金属スプラット12の割合が予定の量に達するために制御されうる。例えば、金属スプラット12によって覆われている耐腐食性金属基板10の表面パーセンテージは、0.5%から10%、10%から30%、20%から40%、30%から50%、40%から60%もしくは50%から70%、または50%から95%の間にありうる。別の実施形態において、金属スプラット12によって覆われている耐腐食性金属基板10の表面パーセンテージは、おおよそ50%未満、60%未満、70%未満もしくは95%未満であることができる。
いくつかの実施形態において、耐腐食性金属基板30および耐腐食性結合金属34は表面安定化処理プロセスを経ることによって、その耐腐食性をさらに強化することができる。密度の高い酸化被膜を形成させるための熱酸化プロセスが一例として表面安定化処理に含まれうる。別の例として、陽極酸化プロセスおよびそれに類似するプロセスが表面安定化処理に用いられる。
Claims (6)
- 耐腐食性金属基板と、
前記耐腐食性金属基板の表面に被覆される、複数導電性粒子とを含む装置であって、
前記導電性粒子が導電性セラミック粒子と、前記導電性セラミック粒子を前記耐腐食性金属基板に接着させる接合用金属とから作られることと、
前記導電性セラミック粒子の表面部分が露出され、かつ、当該露出した導電性セラミック粒子が前記耐腐食性金属基板の電気接触ポイントに適することとを特徴とする装置。 - 前記導電性セラミック粒子が金属炭化物、金属ホウ化物、または、金属窒化物を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記接合用金属が、チタニウム、ニオビウム、ジルコニウム、金、パラジウム、プラチナ、イリジウ、ルテニウム、ステンレス鋼、ハステロイC−276、クロム含有合金、ニッケル含有合金、チタン含有合金、ジルコニウム含有合金を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。
- 請求項1の装置の製造方法であって、
複数導電性粒子を耐腐食性金属基板全表面の一部をカバーするように、溶射技術を用いて当該耐腐食性金属基板の表面上に被覆する工程と、
前記導電性セラミック粒子の表面部分を露出させるように、前記耐腐食性金属基板の表面に結合された前記複数導電性粒子から接合用金属を取り除くための化学エッチング、電解研磨、または、機械研磨を行う工程とを含むことを特徴とする製造方法。 - 請求項1の装置の製造方法であって、
接合用金属を有する複数合金スプラットを耐腐食性金属基板全表面の一部をカバーするように、溶射技術を用いて当該耐腐食性金属基板の表面上に被覆する工程と、
導電性セラミック粒子を前記複数合金スプラットに沈着させるため、耐腐食性金属基板を前記複数合金スプラットと共に熱処理する工程と、
前記導電性セラミック粒子の表面の部分を露出させるように、前記複数合金スプラットのトップ部分から合金の一部を取り除くための化学エッチング、電解研磨、または、機械研磨を行う工程とを含むことを特徴とする製造方法。 - 前記合金がクロムステンレス鋼、または、炭素含有量が9%未満、ホウ素含有量が5%未満、窒素含有量が1%未満のクロム合金を含むことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の製造方法。
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