JP2011210605A - Fuel cell system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel cell system which can prevent high-temperature gas heated by afterheat in a hydrogen generation device from flowing back inside the fuel cell system.SOLUTION: The fuel cell system includes: the hydrogen generation device 2 for generating fuel gas, which is heated by heat of a combustion part 3 and is used in power generation of a fuel cell; an air supply unit 6 for supplying air to the combustion part 3 through an air supply path 7; an exhaust path 8 for exhausting exhaust gas generated by combustion in the combustion part 3 to outside air; a backflow detection unit 9 for detecting backflow of the high-temperature gas in the air supply path 7; a backflow preventing unit 10 for preventing backflow of the high-temperature gas in the air supply path 7; and a controller 13. When the backflow detection unit 9 detects that the outside air flows in from the exhaust path 8 after the hydrogen generation device 2 stops and the high-temperature gas heated by the afterheat of the hydrogen generation device 2 flows back in the air supply path 7, the backflow preventing unit 10 is operated by the controller 13.

Description

  The present invention relates to a fuel that includes a hydrogen generator that generates fuel gas, a combustion section, an air supply path that supplies air necessary for combustion in the combustion section, and an exhaust path for discharging exhaust gas generated by combustion to the outside. The present invention relates to a battery system.

  Fuel cell systems have been developed that reform hydrocarbon fuels such as city gas and LP gas, and generate electricity using the reformed fuel gas and air.

  This type of fuel cell system includes a reforming section that performs reforming and a combustion section that is adjacent to the reforming section and that heats the reforming section, and supplies the air necessary for combustion to the combustion section. A path and an exhaust path having an exhaust port for exhausting exhaust gas generated by combustion to the outside are provided (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  As shown in FIG. 11, the fuel cell system of Patent Document 1 reforms raw fuel 1 into fuel gas by a reformer 3, and generates power using fuel gas and air. When the reformer 3 performs reforming, the burner 12 performs combustion using the fuel supplied from the pipe 13 or the pipe 15 and the air supplied by the operation of the fan 14, and the reformer 3 is Heat. Exhaust gas generated when the burner 12 burns is discharged to the outside of the fuel cell system via the exhaust system 31.

JP 2003-272647 A

  However, in the conventional configuration described above, when the external wind blows into the exhaust system 31 when the reformer 3 immediately after the reformer 3 is stopped is in a high temperature state, the exhaust system 31 moves toward the fan 14. The gas flows, and the hot gas heated by the residual heat of the reformer 3 flows backward. In particular, when the air inlet of the fan 14 is inside the fuel cell system, the high-temperature gas that has flowed backward spreads from the inlet of the fan 14 to the inside of the fuel cell system, causing the components inside the fuel cell system to deteriorate at high temperatures. It was.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and the high-temperature gas heated by the residual heat of the reformer does not flow back into the fuel cell system, and the components inside the fuel cell system are exposed to the high-temperature gas. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel cell system that does not deteriorate and has excellent reliability.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the fuel cell system of the present invention is provided with means for detecting the backflow of the high temperature gas and means for preventing the backflow of the high temperature gas in the air supply path for supplying air necessary for combustion. When the means for detecting the backflow after the hydrogen generator is stopped detects the backflow of the high temperature gas, the means for preventing the backflow is operated to prevent the backflow.

  With this configuration, even when wind blows into the exhaust port from the outside of the fuel cell system after the hydrogen generator is stopped, the high temperature gas does not flow back to the air supply path, and is provided inside the air supply path and the fuel cell system. Parts are not exposed to high temperature gas. As a result, it is possible to suppress or prevent deterioration due to high-temperature gas of components provided in the air supply path and the fuel cell system, and it is possible to realize a fuel cell system with excellent reliability.

  According to the fuel cell system of the present invention, it is possible to suppress or prevent deterioration of components provided in the fuel cell system due to the high-temperature gas even when wind blows into the exhaust port after the hydrogen generator is stopped and the high-temperature gas flows backward. This can improve the reliability of the fuel cell system.

1 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention Configuration diagram of fuel cell system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention Configuration diagram of fuel cell system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention Configuration diagram of fuel cell system according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention Configuration diagram of fuel cell system in Embodiment 6 of the present invention Configuration diagram of fuel cell system according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention Configuration diagram of fuel cell system according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention Configuration diagram of fuel cell system according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention Configuration diagram of fuel cell system in Embodiment 10 of the present invention Configuration diagram of conventional fuel cell system

  The first invention includes a power generation unit, a hydrogen generation device that generates fuel gas heated by heat of the combustion unit and used for power generation of the power generation unit, and an air supply that supplies air to the combustion unit via an air supply path Means, an exhaust path having an exhaust port for exhausting exhaust gas generated by combustion in the combustion section to the outside air, a backflow detecting means for detecting a flow of hot gas from the hydrogen generator to the air supply path, and hot gas The reverse flow prevention means for preventing the air from flowing back through the air supply path, and the high-temperature gas heated by the residual heat of the hydrogen generator after the outside of the hydrogen generator is stopped after the hydrogen generator is stopped is supplied from the hydrogen generator. Control means for operating the backflow prevention means when the backflow detection means detects that it is flowing toward the path, and the high temperature gas heated by the residual heat of the hydrogen generation apparatus is supplied from the hydrogen generation apparatus through the air supply path. If you are headed flows in, and detects the reverse flow of hot gas by backflow detecting means is a fuel cell system which operates by the back flow prevention means controlling means.

  As a result, even when wind from the outside of the fuel cell system blows into the exhaust port after the hydrogen generator is stopped, the high-temperature gas heated by the residual heat of the hydrogen generator flows to the air supply path toward the air supply path. In addition, parts provided in the air supply path and the fuel cell system are not exposed to the high-temperature gas. As a result, it is possible to suppress or prevent deterioration due to high-temperature gas of components provided in the fuel cell system, and it is possible to realize a fuel cell system with excellent reliability.

  In a second aspect based on the first aspect, the backflow detection means detects the backflow of the high-temperature gas by the air temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the air on the air supply path. That is, when the temperature of the air in the air supply path becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature after the hydrogen generator is stopped, the control device determines that the high-temperature gas is flowing from the hydrogen generator toward the air supply path. Operate the backflow prevention means. As a result, it is possible to suppress or prevent deterioration of the components provided in the fuel cell system due to the high-temperature gas, and to improve the reliability.

  According to a third aspect, in the first aspect, the apparatus includes a flow rate measuring unit that measures a flow rate of air flowing through the air supply path and an internal temperature measuring unit that measures the internal temperature of the hydrogen generator, and the backflow detecting unit is a flow rate measuring unit. The reverse flow of the high temperature gas is detected based on the flow rate flowing through the air supply path measured in step 1 and the internal temperature of the hydrogen generator measured by the internal measuring means. That is, when the internal temperature of the hydrogen generator is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature after the hydrogen generator is stopped, and the flow rate of the gas flowing from the hydrogen generator toward the air supply unit is measured by the flow rate measuring unit. The control device determines that the hot gas is flowing backward, and operates the backflow preventing means. As a result, it is possible to suppress or prevent deterioration of the components provided in the fuel cell system due to the high-temperature gas, and to improve the reliability.

  According to a fourth invention, in the third invention, the flow rate measuring means for measuring the flow rate of the air flowing through the air supply path is a flow rate measuring means with a backflow detection function for detecting a gas flow from the hydrogen generator to the air supply path. The backflow detection means detects the backflow of the high temperature gas based on the backflow detection function of the flow rate measurement means and the internal temperature of the hydrogen generator measured by the internal measurement means. That is, when the internal temperature of the hydrogen generator is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature after the hydrogen generator is stopped, the flow from the hydrogen generator to the air supply unit is detected by the flow rate measuring unit with a backflow detection function. The controller determines that the hot gas is flowing backward, and operates the backflow preventing means. As a result, it is possible to suppress or prevent deterioration of the components provided in the fuel cell system due to the high-temperature gas, and to improve the reliability.

  According to a fifth invention, in any one of the first to fourth inventions, the backflow prevention means is an air supply means, and when the backflow detection means detects a backflow, the control device operates the air supply means. That is, when the flow of hot gas from the hydrogen generator to the air supply path is detected by the backflow detection means after the hydrogen generator is stopped, the air supply means is operated to supply air from the air supply means to the air supply path. Prevents backflow. As a result, it is possible to suppress or prevent deterioration of the components provided in the fuel cell system due to the high-temperature gas, and to improve the reliability. Further, by using the air supply means as the backflow prevention means, the fuel cell system can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

  In a sixth aspect based on the fifth aspect, the flow rate measuring means is a flow rate measuring means for measuring the flow rate of air in the air supply path, and the flow rate measured by the flow rate measuring means when operating the backflow preventing means. The supply capacity of the air supply means is adjusted so that is less than or equal to a predetermined flow rate. In other words, when the backflow detection means detects after the hydrogen generation apparatus is stopped, the control means moves the air supply means to the air supply path so that the flow rate of the gas flowing from the hydrogen generation apparatus toward the air supply path is equal to or less than a predetermined flow rate. Adjust and supply air volume. As a result, it is possible to suppress or prevent deterioration of the components provided in the fuel cell system due to the high-temperature gas, and to improve the reliability. Furthermore, since the operating energy of the air supply means is used without waste to prevent the backflow of the high temperature gas, the energy saving performance of the fuel cell system can be improved.

  A seventh invention is a flow measurement means with a backflow detection function for detecting a gas flow from the hydrogen generator to the air supply path in the sixth invention, and when the backflow prevention means is operated, The supply capacity of the air supply means is adjusted so that the backflow detection function of the flow rate measurement means does not detect backflow. In other words, after the hydrogen generator is stopped, the control means adjusts the amount of air supplied from the air supply means to the air supply path so that the flow from the hydrogen generator to the air supply path is not detected by the backflow detection function of the flow measurement means. To do. As a result, it is possible to suppress or prevent deterioration of the components provided in the fuel cell system due to the high-temperature gas, and to improve the reliability. Furthermore, since the operating energy of the air supply means is used without waste to prevent the backflow of the high temperature gas, the energy saving performance of the fuel cell system can be improved.

  According to an eighth invention, in any one of the first to fourth inventions, the backflow prevention means is an opening / closing means for opening and closing the air supply path, and the flow of the high-temperature gas directed from the hydrogen generator to the air supply path by the backflow detection means. When is detected, the opening / closing means performs an opening / closing operation. That is, when the backflow detection means detects the backflow of the high-temperature gas after the hydrogen generator is stopped, the backflow flowing from the hydrogen generator to the air supply path is blocked by closing the opening / closing means. As a result, it is possible to suppress or prevent deterioration of the components provided in the fuel cell system due to the high-temperature gas, and to improve the reliability.

  In a ninth aspect based on any one of the first to eighth aspects, the backflow prevention means operated by the control means operates for a predetermined time. That is, when a backflow of the high temperature gas is detected by the backflow detection means after the hydrogen generator is stopped, the backflow prevention means stops operating after operating for a predetermined time by the control means. Thereby, since the operation time of the backflow prevention means can be suppressed and the consumption of energy for operating the backflow prevention means can be suppressed, the energy saving performance of the fuel cell system can be improved.

A tenth aspect of the invention includes the air temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the air in the air supply path or the internal temperature detection means for detecting the internal temperature of the hydrogen generator in any one of the first to eighth aspects of the invention, The backflow prevention means is stopped by the control means according to the temperature detected by the air temperature detection means or the internal temperature detection means. In other words,
When the temperature detected by the air temperature detecting means or the internal temperature detecting means is below a predetermined temperature, the operation of the backflow preventing means is stopped. Thereby, since the operation time of the backflow prevention means can be suppressed and the consumption of energy for operating the backflow prevention means can be suppressed, the energy saving performance of the fuel cell system can be improved.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those of the conventional examples or the embodiments described above, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
The fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the fuel cell system 1 includes, as a basic configuration, a hydrogen generation device 2 that manufactures a fuel gas used for power generation, and a power generation unit 12 that generates power using the fuel gas manufactured by the hydrogen generation device 2. At least. Here, the hydrogen generator 2 includes at least a reforming / transforming unit 4 that generates fuel gas from raw material fuel and a combustion unit 3 that heats the reforming / transforming unit 4. An air supply means 6 for supplying air necessary for combustion is connected to the combustion section 3 via an air supply path 7. Further, exhaust gas generated by the combustion is sent to the combustion section 3 to the outside of the fuel cell system. An exhaust path 8 having an exhaust port 16 for exhaust is connected.

  The configuration of the fuel cell system 1 will be described below with reference to FIG.

  First, the fuel gas necessary for power generation by the power generation unit 12 is produced by the hydrogen generator 2. The fuel gas is steam reformed in the reforming / transforming unit 4 by the raw material fuel mainly composed of hydrocarbons supplied via the raw material fuel supply path 14 and the reformed water supplied via the reformed water supply path 18. It is reformed by the reaction and becomes a hydrogen-rich fuel gas.

  Various catalysts are used as the catalyst for proceeding the reforming reaction, and ruthenium is preferably used. The reforming / transforming section 4 is adjacent to the combustion section 3 and the exhaust path 8 and is heated by the combustion heat of the combustion section 3 and vaporizes the reforming water used for the steam reforming reaction. The specific heating temperature varies depending on the type of catalyst, but in the case of a generally used catalyst such as ruthenium, it is around 600 ° C. In addition, a heat insulating portion 5 is provided on the outer periphery of the reforming / transforming portion 4 to suppress a temperature drop due to heat radiation of the reforming / transforming portion 4 heated to the heating temperature by the combustion heat of the combustion portion 3 and stabilize the steam reforming reaction. Reduces energy loss due to heat dissipation. Therefore, when the power generation unit 12 is generating power, the internal temperature of the reforming / transforming unit 4 is maintained at around 600 ° C. by the combustion heat of the combustion unit 3 and the heat insulating unit 5.

  The fuel gas produced by the hydrogen generator 2 is sent to the power generation unit 12 via the fuel gas supply path 19. The surplus fuel gas path 21 is connected to the power generation unit 12, and surplus fuel gas that is not used for power generation out of the fuel gas sent from the hydrogen generator 2 to the power generation unit 12 is sent to the surplus fuel gas path 21. The fuel gas sent to the surplus fuel gas path 21 flows through the gas supply path 22 connected to the surplus fuel gas path 21 and is sent to the combustion unit 3 connected to the gas supply path 22. Thereby, surplus fuel gas can be utilized as a fuel of the combustion part 3. The combustion unit 3 is connected to an air supply means 6 for supplying air necessary for combustion via an air supply path 7, and the air supply means 6 operates to suck in air inside the fuel cell system 1. And sent to the combustion section 3. Thereby, surplus fuel gas and air are combusted in the combustion part 3.

  Further, an exhaust port 16 for exhausting exhaust gas generated by combustion to the outside of the fuel cell system is connected to the combustion unit 3 via an exhaust path 8, and the exhaust gas is discharged to the outside of the fuel cell system.

  When the power generation unit 12 stops power generation, that is, when the production of fuel gas in the hydrogen generator 2 is stopped, hydrogen generation is performed by closing the source fuel main valve 24 provided in the source fuel supply path 14. The raw material fuel supplied to the apparatus 2 is shut off. Further, the supply of surplus fuel gas to the combustion unit 3 is shut off by closing the burner front valve 17 provided in the gas supply path 22. Furthermore, the combustion in the combustion section 3 is stopped by stopping the air supply means 6. When the combustion in the combustion section 3 stops, the temperature of the reforming / transforming section 4 starts to drop from around 600 ° C. due to natural heat dissipation, but it takes several hours to drop to room temperature around 25 ° C.

  When wind enters the exhaust port 16 from the outside of the fuel cell system 1 after the hydrogen generator 2 is stopped, a gas flow from the exhaust path 8 to the air supply means 6 via the combustion unit 3 and the air supply path 7 occurs. At this time, the gas toward the air supply means 6 becomes high temperature due to the residual heat of the reforming / transforming unit 4 provided in the hydrogen generator 2.

  Here, when the flow of high-temperature gas toward the air supply means 6 is detected by the backflow detection means 9 provided in the air supply path 7, a signal is sent from the backflow detection means 9 to the control means 13. The control means 13 determines that the high-temperature gas is backflowing based on the signal from the backflow detection means 9 and operates the backflow prevention means 10 provided in the air supply path 7. Thereby, the backflow of the hot gas which goes to the air supply means 6 is prevented.

  According to the present embodiment, even when wind blows into the exhaust port 16 from the outside of the fuel cell system 1 after the hydrogen generator 2 is stopped, it is heated by the residual heat of the reforming / transforming unit 4 provided in the hydrogen generator 2. The hot gas does not flow backward toward the air supply means 6, and the components provided in the fuel cell system 1 are not exposed to the hot gas. As a result, it is possible to suppress or prevent deterioration due to the high-temperature gas of the components provided in the fuel cell system 1, and to realize a fuel cell system with excellent reliability.

(Embodiment 2)
The fuel cell system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the fuel cell system 1 of the present embodiment includes air temperature detection means 25 that detects the internal temperature of the air supply path 7 provided in the air supply path 7, and the air temperature detection means 25 flows backward. It is characterized in that it is used as a detection means. The other configuration is the same as that of the fuel cell system of Embodiment 1, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  Therefore, hereinafter, the backflow detection operation of the air temperature detection means 25 used as the backflow detection means, which is the point of the present embodiment, will be mainly described.

  That is, when the air is blown into the exhaust port 16 after the hydrogen generator 2 is stopped and the high-temperature gas heated by the residual heat of the reforming / transforming unit 4 provided in the hydrogen generator 2 flows backward toward the air supply means 6, If the temperature detected by the air temperature detection means 25 that detects the internal temperature of the supply path 7 is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the control means 13 determines that the high-temperature gas is flowing back toward the air supply means 6; The backflow prevention means 10 provided in the air supply path 7 is operated. Thereby, the backflow of the hot gas which goes to the air supply means 6 is prevented.

  According to the present embodiment, even when wind blows into the exhaust port 16 after the hydrogen generator 2 is stopped, the high-temperature gas heated by the residual heat of the reforming / transforming unit 4 provided in the hydrogen generator 2 is supplied to the air supply means. Therefore, the components provided in the fuel cell system 1 are not exposed to the high temperature gas. As a result, it is possible to suppress or prevent deterioration due to the high-temperature gas of the components provided in the fuel cell system 1, and to realize a fuel cell system with excellent reliability.

(Embodiment 3)
The fuel cell system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the fuel cell system 1 of the present embodiment includes a flow rate measuring unit 11 that measures the flow rate of air in the air supply path 7 provided in the air supply path 7 and the internal temperature of the hydrogen generator 2. An internal temperature detection means 15 for detecting, a backflow detection means using the flow rate flowing through the air supply path 7 measured by the flow rate measurement means 11 and the internal temperature of the hydrogen generator 2 measured by the internal temperature measurement means 15; It is characterized by The other configuration is the same as that of the fuel cell system of Embodiment 1, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  Therefore, in the following description, the backflow detection operation using the flow rate measurement means 11 and the internal temperature detection means 15 as the backflow detection means, which are the points of the present embodiment, will be mainly described.

  When the wind blows into the exhaust port 16 and the gas flows backward toward the air supply unit 6, the flow rate of the gas flowing backward toward the air supply unit 6 is measured by the flow rate measurement unit 11 provided in the air supply path 7. At this time, if the internal temperature of the hydrogen generator 2 measured by the internal temperature measuring unit 15 is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the high-temperature gas heated by the residual heat of the reforming / transforming unit 4 flows back toward the air supply unit 6. The control means 13 determines that the air flow is present, and the backflow prevention means 10 provided in the air supply path 7 is operated. Thereby, the backflow of the hot gas which goes to the air supply means 6 is prevented.

  According to the present embodiment, even when wind blows into the exhaust port 16 after the hydrogen generator 2 is stopped, the high-temperature gas heated by the residual heat of the reforming / transforming unit 4 provided in the hydrogen generator 2 is supplied to the air supply means. 6 does not flow backward, and components provided in the fuel cell system 1 are not exposed to the high-temperature gas. As a result, it is possible to suppress or prevent deterioration due to the high-temperature gas of the components provided in the fuel cell system 1, and to realize a fuel cell system with excellent reliability.

(Embodiment 4)
The fuel cell system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the fuel cell system 1 of the present embodiment is different from the third embodiment in that the flow rate measuring means 11 that measures the flow rate of air in the air supply path 7 has a backflow detection function. Other configurations are the same as those of the fuel cell system according to the third embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  Therefore, hereinafter, the flow rate measurement means 11 with a backflow detection function and the backflow detection operation using the internal temperature detection means 15 as the backflow detection means, which are the points of the present embodiment, will be mainly described.

  When the wind blows into the exhaust port 16 and the gas flows backward toward the air supply means 6, the backflow toward the air supply means 6 is detected by the flow rate measuring means 11 with a reverse flow detection function provided in the air supply path 7. At this time, if the internal temperature of the hydrogen generator 2 measured by the internal temperature measuring unit 15 is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the high-temperature gas heated by the residual heat of the reforming / transforming unit 4 flows back toward the air supply unit 6. The control means 13 determines that the air flow is present, and the backflow prevention means 10 provided in the air supply path 7 is operated. Thereby, the backflow of the hot gas which goes to the air supply means 6 is prevented.

  According to the present embodiment, even when wind blows into the exhaust port 16 after the hydrogen generator 2 is stopped, the high-temperature gas heated by the residual heat of the reforming / transforming unit 4 provided in the hydrogen generator 2 is supplied to the air supply means. Therefore, the components provided in the fuel cell system 1 are not exposed to the high temperature gas. As a result, it is possible to suppress or prevent deterioration due to the high-temperature gas of the components provided in the fuel cell system 1, and to realize a fuel cell system with excellent reliability.

(Embodiment 5)
Hereinafter, a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the fuel cell system 1 of the present embodiment is different from any of Embodiments 1 to 4 in that the air supply means 6 is used as a backflow prevention means. The other configuration is the same as that of any one of the fuel cell systems according to the first to fourth embodiments, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  Therefore, in the following, the backflow prevention operation using the air supply means 6 as the point of the present embodiment as the backflow prevention means will be mainly described.

  When the backflow detection means 9 detects the backflow of the high-temperature gas, the control means 13 operates the air supply means 6 that is the backflow prevention means, and sends the air sucked from the fuel cell system 1 to the air supply path 7. That is, by operating the air supply means 6, the air flow toward the exhaust port 16 is opposite to the flow direction of the high-temperature gas toward the air supply means 6. Thereby, the backflow of the high temperature gas which goes to the air supply means 6 from the exhaust port 16 is prevented.

  According to the present embodiment, even when wind blows into the exhaust port 16 after the hydrogen generator 2 is stopped, the high-temperature gas heated by the residual heat of the reforming / transforming unit 4 provided in the hydrogen generator 2 is supplied to the air supply means. 6 does not flow backward, and components provided in the fuel cell system 1 are not exposed to the high-temperature gas. As a result, it is possible to suppress or prevent deterioration due to the high-temperature gas of the components provided in the fuel cell system 1, and to realize a fuel cell system with excellent reliability. Furthermore, by using the air supply means 6 as the backflow means, the fuel cell system can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

(Embodiment 6)
Hereinafter, a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the fuel cell system 1 of the present embodiment includes a flow rate measurement unit 11 that measures the flow rate of air inside the air supply path 7 and operates the air supply unit 6 that is a backflow prevention unit. The second embodiment is different from the fifth embodiment in that the air supply capacity of the air supply means 6 is adjusted by the control means 13 so that the flow rate measured by the flow rate measurement means 11 is equal to or lower than a predetermined flow rate. Other configurations are the same as those of the fifth embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  Therefore, the following mainly describes the backflow prevention operation for adjusting the air supply capability of the air supply unit 6 so that the flow rate measured by the flow rate measurement unit 11 which is the point of the present embodiment is equal to or less than a predetermined flow rate. To do.

  When the backflow detection means 9 detects the backflow of the high-temperature gas, the control means 13 operates the air supply means 6 that is the backflow prevention means, and sends the air sucked from the fuel cell system 1 to the air supply path 7. That is, by operating the air supply means 6, the flow of air from the air supply means 6 to the exhaust port 16 is opposite to the flow from the exhaust outlet 16 to the air supply means 6. Here, the air supply means 6 adjusts the air supply capacity by the control means 13 so that the flow rate measured by the flow rate measurement means 11 is equal to or less than a predetermined flow rate. That is, the amount of air supplied to the air supply path 7 is adjusted according to the flow rate of the backflow of the high temperature gas. Thereby, the backflow of the hot gas which goes to the air supply means 6 is prevented. Furthermore, the air supply capability of the air supply means 6 can be operated with the capability corresponding to the flow rate of the backflow of the hot gas.

  According to the present embodiment, the high-temperature gas heated by the residual heat of the reforming / transforming unit 4 provided in the hydrogen generator 2 does not flow backward toward the air supply means 6, and the air supply path 7 and the fuel cell system 1 The components provided in the interior are not exposed to the high temperature gas. As a result, it is possible to suppress or prevent the deterioration due to the high temperature gas such as the air supply path 7 and the components provided in the fuel cell system 1, and it is possible to realize a fuel cell system with excellent reliability. Furthermore, since the operating energy of the air supply means 6 is used for preventing the backflow of the high temperature gas without waste, the energy saving performance of the fuel cell system can be improved.

(Embodiment 7)
The fuel cell system according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the fuel cell system 1 of the present embodiment includes a flow rate measurement unit 11 having a backflow detection function, and when the air supply unit 6 that is a backflow prevention unit is operated, The difference from Embodiment 6 is that the air supply capability of the air supply means 6 is adjusted by the control means 13 so that the reverse flow detection function does not detect the reverse flow. Other configurations are the same as those of the sixth embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  Therefore, in the following, the backflow prevention operation for adjusting the air supply capability of the air supply means 6 so that the backflow detection function of the flow rate measurement means 11 that is the point of the present embodiment does not detect backflow will be mainly described.

  When the backflow detection means 9 detects the backflow of the high-temperature gas, the control means 13 operates the air supply means 6 that is the backflow prevention means, and sends the air sucked from the fuel cell system 1 to the air supply path 7. That is, by operating the air supply means 6, the air flow toward the exhaust port 16 is opposite to the flow direction of the high-temperature gas toward the air supply means 6. Here, the air supply means 6 adjusts the air supply capacity by the control means 13 so that the backflow detection function of the flow rate measurement means 11 does not detect backflow. The air supply capacity of the air supply means 6 is set to the minimum air supply capacity at which the backflow detection function of the flow rate measurement means 11 does not detect backflow. Thereby, the backflow of the hot gas which goes to the air supply means 6 is prevented.

  According to the present embodiment, the high-temperature gas heated by the residual heat of the reforming / transforming unit 4 provided in the hydrogen generator 2 does not flow back toward the air supply means 6, and is provided in the fuel cell system 1. Is not exposed to hot gases. As a result, it is possible to suppress or prevent deterioration due to the high-temperature gas of the components provided in the fuel cell system 1, and to realize a fuel cell system with excellent reliability. Furthermore, since the operating energy of the air supply means 6 is used for preventing the backflow of the high temperature gas without waste, the energy saving performance of the fuel cell system can be improved.

(Embodiment 8)
The fuel cell system according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the fuel cell system 1 of the present embodiment is different from any of Embodiments 1 to 4 in that an opening / closing means 26 that opens and closes the air supply path 7 is a backflow prevention means. The other configuration is the same as that of any one of the fuel cell systems according to the first to fourth embodiments, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  Therefore, in the following, the backflow prevention operation using the opening / closing means 26 as the point of the present embodiment as the backflow prevention means will be mainly described.

  When the backflow of the high temperature gas is detected by the backflow detection means 9, the control means 13 operates the opening / closing means 26 which is the backflow prevention means to close it. That is, the backflow of the hot gas flowing through the air supply path 7 is blocked.

  According to the present embodiment, the high-temperature gas heated by the residual heat of the reforming / transforming unit 4 does not flow backward toward the air supply means 6, and the components provided in the fuel cell system 1 are exposed to the high-temperature gas. There is nothing. As a result, it is possible to suppress or prevent deterioration due to the high-temperature gas of the components provided in the fuel cell system 1, and to realize a fuel cell system with excellent reliability.

(Embodiment 9)
The fuel cell system according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the fuel cell system 1 according to the present embodiment is characterized in that, when the backflow detection means 9 detects the backflow of the hot gas, the backwind prevention means 10 is operated by the control means 13 for a predetermined time. This is different from any one of the first to eighth embodiments. Other configurations are the same as those of the fuel cell system according to any one of the first to eighth embodiments, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  Therefore, in the following, the backflow prevention operation of operating the backwind prevention unit 10 that is the point of the present embodiment for a predetermined time will be mainly described.

  When the backflow detection means 9 detects the backflow of the high temperature gas, the control means 13 operates the backflow prevention means 10 for a predetermined time and stops. After the backflow prevention unit 10 is stopped, when the backflow detection unit 9 detects the backflow of the high temperature gas again, the backflow prevention unit 10 is operated again for a predetermined time and stopped.

  The predetermined time for operating the backflow prevention means 10 by the control means 13 is about several minutes, and the time for operating the backflow prevention means 10 is the minimum time for preventing the backflow of the high temperature gas. Can reduce the energy consumed.

  According to the present embodiment, the high-temperature gas heated by the residual heat of the reforming / transforming unit 4 does not flow backward toward the air supply means 6, and the components provided in the fuel cell system 1 are exposed to the high-temperature gas. There is nothing to do. As a result, it is possible to suppress or prevent deterioration due to the high-temperature gas of the components provided in the fuel cell system 1, and to realize a fuel cell system with excellent reliability. Furthermore, since the operating energy of the backflow prevention means 10 is used for preventing backflow of high-temperature gas without waste, the energy saving performance of the fuel cell system can be improved.

(Embodiment 10)
The fuel cell system according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the fuel cell system 1 of the present embodiment includes an air temperature detection means 25 that detects the air temperature of the air supply path 7 or an internal temperature detection means 15 that detects the internal temperature of the hydrogen generator 2. And the control means 13 determines the timing for stopping the backflow prevention means 10 according to the temperature detected by the air temperature detection means 25 or the internal temperature detection means 15, and any one of the first to eighth embodiments. Is different. Other configurations are the same as those of the fuel cell system according to any one of the first to eighth embodiments, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  Therefore, hereinafter, the backflow prevention operation in which the control means 13 determines the timing at which the backflow prevention means 10 stops depending on the temperature detected by the air temperature detection means 25 or the internal temperature detection means 15, which is the point of the present embodiment. Mainly explained.

  When the backflow detection means 9 detects the backflow of the high temperature gas, the control means 13 operates the backflow prevention means 10. At this time, the control means 13 monitors the temperature detected by the air temperature detection means 25 or the internal temperature detection means 15.

  When the temperature detected by the air temperature detection means 25 or the internal temperature detection means 15 becomes lower than a predetermined temperature, the control means 13 determines that no back flow of the high-temperature gas occurs and stops the backflow prevention means 10. Conversely, when the air temperature detecting means 25 or the internal temperature detecting means 15 is higher than a predetermined temperature, the backflow preventing means 10 is continuously operated.

  Thereby, the time for operating the backflow prevention means 10 by the control means 13 is set to the minimum time for preventing the backflow of the high temperature gas, and the energy consumed by the backflow prevention means 10 can be suppressed.

  According to the present embodiment, the high-temperature gas heated by the residual heat of the reforming / transforming unit 4 does not flow backward toward the air supply means 6, and the components provided in the fuel cell system 1 are exposed to the high-temperature gas. There is nothing. As a result, it is possible to suppress or prevent deterioration due to the high-temperature gas of the components provided in the fuel cell system 1, and to realize a fuel cell system with excellent reliability. Furthermore, since the operating energy of the backflow prevention means 10 is used for preventing backflow of high-temperature gas without waste, the energy saving performance of the fuel cell system can be improved.

  According to the fuel cell system of the present invention, even when a high-temperature gas flows back into the fuel cell system after the hydrogen generator is stopped, the back flow of the high-temperature gas can be prevented, and the high-temperature gas of the components constituting the inside of the fuel cell system Since deterioration can be suppressed or prevented, it is useful in the technical field of fuel cell systems.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fuel cell system 2 Hydrogen generator 3 Combustion part 4 Reformation transformation part 5 Heat insulation means 6 Air supply means 7 Air supply path 8 Exhaust path 9 Backflow detection means 10 Backflow prevention means 11 Flow rate measurement means 12 Power generation part 13 Control means 14 Raw material Fuel supply path 15 Internal temperature detection means 16 Exhaust port 17 Burner pre-valve 18 Reformed water supply path 19 Fuel gas supply path 20 Raw material fuel bypass path 21 Surplus fuel gas path 22 Gas supply path 23 Air intake filter 24 Raw fuel main valve 25 Air temperature detection means 26 Opening and closing means

Claims (10)

A power generation unit, a hydrogen generation device that generates fuel gas heated by heat of the combustion unit and used for power generation of the power generation unit, an air supply unit that supplies air to the combustion unit via an air supply path, and the combustion An exhaust path having an exhaust port for exhausting exhaust gas generated by combustion of a part to the outside, a backflow detection means for detecting a flow of high-temperature gas from the hydrogen generator to the air supply path, and the high-temperature gas Back flow preventing means for suppressing flow toward the air supply path, and high-temperature gas heated by the residual heat of the hydrogen generator after the outside air flows in from the exhaust path after the hydrogen generator stops And a control means for operating the backflow prevention means when the backflow detection means detects that the airflow is flowing toward the air supply path. 2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the backflow detection means comprises air temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of air in the air supply path. 2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the backflow detection unit includes a flow rate measurement unit that measures a flow rate of air in the air supply path, and an internal temperature detection unit that detects an internal temperature of the hydrogen generator. 4. The fuel cell system according to claim 3, wherein the flow rate measurement unit has a backflow detection function for detecting a gas flow from the hydrogen generator toward the air supply path. The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the backflow prevention means includes the air supply means. The flow rate measuring unit is a flow rate measuring unit that measures a flow rate of air in the air supply path, and the control unit is configured to reduce a flow rate measured by the flow rate measuring unit when the backflow preventing unit is operated to a predetermined flow rate or less. 6. The fuel cell system according to claim 5, wherein the air supply capacity of the air supply means is adjusted so that The flow rate measuring means is a flow rate measuring means with a backflow detection function for detecting a gas flow from the hydrogen generator toward the air supply path, and the control means is configured to operate the flow back prevention means when operating the backflow prevention means. The fuel cell system according to claim 6, wherein the air supply capability of the air supply means is adjusted so that the backflow detection function does not detect a gas flow from the hydrogen generator toward the air supply path. The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the backflow prevention unit includes an opening / closing unit that opens and closes the air supply path. The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the control means operates the backflow prevention means for a predetermined time. Air temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of air in the air supply path or internal temperature detection means for detecting the internal temperature of the hydrogen generator is provided, and the control means is the air temperature detection means or the internal temperature detection means. The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the timing for stopping the backflow prevention means is determined based on the detected temperature.

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