JP2010226999A - Combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combine harvester capable of performing a good threshing work by surely performing the detection of ear tip position of cereal culms by a threshing depth sensor and maintaining an appropriate threshing depth even if changing the amount of reaping cereal culms suddenly. <P>SOLUTION: This front processing portion 20 of the combine harvester includes a cereal culms-conveying device 44 performing the regulation of the threshing depth while conveying reaped cereal culms and keeps a first row sensor 41, and a second row sensor 42 constituting means 40 for detecting the amount of cereal culms supplied for detecting the amount of cereal culms conveyed, installed at raking bodies 30, 31 of the front processing portion 20 for reaping the cereal culms so as to reduce and control the conveyance speed of cereal culms of the cereal culms-conveying device 44, when the cereal culms are detected by the first row sensor 41 but not detected by the second row sensor. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a combine equipped with a pre-processing unit that cuts cereal grains in a field and conveys the harvested cereal grains to a threshing unit.

  In general, a combine includes a pretreatment unit that cuts and conveys the cereal, a threshing unit that threshs the cereal, and a waste treatment device that processes the threshed waste. The unit includes a cereal reaping part and a cereal transporting device that transports the harvested cereal toward the threshing part. The cereal conveying device detects the tip position of the culm with a handling depth sensor arranged in the conveying path of the conveyed cereal while conveying the cereal from the reaping part to the threshing part, and threshing The position of the cereal mash to be fed into the section, that is, the depth of handling in the threshing section is adjusted by the handling depth carrier.

  In such a combine, the amount of cereal to be processed (cut and transported) by the pre-processing unit changes in accordance with the traveling speed of the traveling machine during the cutting operation. Accordingly, there is known a combine in which the processing speed of the preprocessing unit is linked (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2002-305942 A

  For example, in the case of a field that is different in shape and size from a normal field such as a triangular field, seedlings are planted in various forms according to the field, so the whole grain of cereal is harvested during the harvesting operation. In some cases, cereals may enter only a part of the pretreatment unit.

  This reduces the number of cereals to be harvested and reduces the amount of cereals that are conveyed by the cereal conveyance device per unit time. Since the tip of the tip touches the handle depth sensor and bends, the handle depth sensor cannot properly detect the tip position, which may result in a deep handle state.

  In such a deep handling state, when the number of cutting lines of the pretreatment unit returns, and the layer thickness of the cereal to be conveyed becomes thick and the handling depth sensor accurately detects the tip position, the deep handling state suddenly Since the handling depth transport body moves to the shallow handling side and the grains are transported in an inclined state, the grains tend to be clogged at the touch part, and the threshing efficiency is also reduced. was there.

  In particular, in the case where the traveling speed described in Patent Document 1 is linked to the transportation speed of the cereal, if the traveling speed is fast even if the number of cutting lines is reduced, the transportation speed increases, and the above-described problem occurs. It was easy to occur.

  Therefore, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problem by configuring the culm transporting device so that the layer thickness of the culm that is always transported is kept constant and the handling depth sensor can accurately detect the tip position. The purpose is to provide a combined combine.

In order to achieve the object, the present invention according to claim 1 includes a drive source (7), a traveling machine body (3) that travels by power from the drive source (7), and a front side of the traveling machine body (3). In a combine (1) comprising: a pre-processing unit (20) that is supported by and harvesting cereals, and a threshing unit (13) that threshs these harvested cereals,
The pre-processing unit (20) has a culm transporting device (44) that adjusts the handling depth while transporting the harvested culm to the threshing unit (13),
A pre-processing transmission (77) interposed in the power transmission system of the pre-processing unit (20) and configured to shift power from the drive source (7);
Supply cereal amount detection means (40) for detecting the amount of cereal supply to the pre-processing unit (20);
When the amount of cereal detected by the supply cereal amount detection means (40) is less than a predetermined amount, the pre-processing transmission device (77) is set so that the conveying speed of the cereal conveying device (44) is reduced. A control device (81) for controlling,
It is in the combine characterized by that.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the control device (81) controls the conveyance speed of the cereal conveyance device (44) according to the traveling speed of the traveling machine body (3).
The combine according to claim 1.

The present invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the pre-processing unit (20) cuts a plurality of cereal grains,
The supply cereal amount detecting means (40) includes a first ridge sensor (41) capable of detecting cereals on the left end side in the traveling direction of the traveling machine body (3) among the plurality of cereals. A second sensor (42) capable of detecting the cereal of any other trimming strip,
When the first strip sensor (41) detects corn straw and the second sensor (42) does not detect corn straw, the control device (81) transports the grain straw transport device (44). Slow down,
It exists in the combine of Claim 1 or 2.

  The reference numerals in the parentheses are for reference to the drawings and do not limit the present invention.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the amount of cereal transported by the cereal transporting device is detected by the supplied cereal amount detecting means and the detected amount of cereal is less than a predetermined amount, By controlling the conveying speed of the conveying device to be slow, the cereal can be conveyed with a constant layer thickness. As a result, the handling depth sensor can reliably detect the tip position of the kernel and prevent a sudden change in the handling depth and transport the kernel with a good posture. Clogging and reduction in threshing efficiency can be prevented.

  According to the invention according to claim 2, in the combine in which the traveling speed in which a sudden change in the handling depth is likely to occur and the transport speed of the cereals are linked, the skewness of the cereals can be reliably prevented and appropriately Since the traveling speed and the conveying speed of the cereal are interlocked within a range in which an appropriate layer thickness is maintained, work efficiency can be improved.

  According to this invention which concerns on Claim 3, the 1st row | line | column sensor which can detect the kernel of the row | line | column of the advancing direction left end side which is a non-harvesting side among the multiple rows of kernels detects a kernel, When the second sensor that detects the grain of any other trimming line does not detect the grain, the conveyance speed of the grain is slowed down, so that reliable control can be performed with a simple configuration.

The perspective view of the combine which applies this invention. The side view of the pre-processing part of a combine. The top view of the corn straw conveyance part of a pre-processing part. The drive system diagram of a combine. The control system diagram of a combine. The control flowchart figure which shows the control process in a control system. The characteristic view which shows the relationship between the vehicle speed of a combine, and the conveyance speed of the grain straw in a pre-processing part and a feed chain. The characteristic view which shows the relationship between the vehicle speed of the combine which shows another control form, and the conveyance speed of the corn straw in a pre-processing part and a feed chain. The top view of the conveyance body of the pre-processing part in other embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the combine 1 includes a traveling machine body 3 supported by a pair of left and right crawler traveling devices 2 and 2. A driver's seat 5 is disposed in the front part on either the left or right side of the traveling machine body 3. An engine room 6 is defined in the rear part of the driver's seat 5 of the traveling machine body 3, an engine 7 is disposed in the engine room 6, and the sides thereof are covered with an engine cover 8. Behind the engine room 6 of the traveling machine body 3 is a grain tank 10 that temporarily stores the threshed grain, and a rear part of the grain tank 10, and is stored in the grain tank 10. A discharge auger 11 for discharging the grain to the outside is arranged.

  On the other side of the left and right sides of the traveling machine body 3, a sorting unit 12 (see FIG. 4) that sorts the grain and sends it to the grain tank 10 and an upper part of the sorting unit 12 are arranged to thresh the cereal. A threshing unit 13 is arranged. The threshing unit 13 processes the threshing sent to the processing chamber from the first handling cylinder 15a for threshing the grain from the cereal bowl and the first handling chamber that rotatably supports the first handling cylinder 15a. 2 A handling cylinder 15b (see FIG. 4) and a feed chain 16 (see FIGS. 2 and 4) that conveys the culm along the first handling cylinder 15a and the second handling cylinder 15b are arranged. At the rear of the threshing unit 13, a waste disposal device (not shown) is arranged, and for example, the waste after the threshing is cut into a required length and discharged to the field.

  At the tip of the traveling machine body 3, a pre-processing unit 20 including a divider 17, a narrow guide 18, and the like that divide the rice husk in the field into each cutting line is supported so as to be movable up and down. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the pretreatment 20 has a lateral transmission cylinder 21 rotatably supported by the traveling machine body 3 via a mounting frame (not shown). A lift potentiometer 22 (see FIG. 5) that detects the rotational angle of the transmission cylinder 21 and detects the vertical position of the preprocessing unit 20 is disposed.

  A pre-processing transmission cylinder 23 is attached to the lateral transmission cylinder 21. A preprocessing frame 25 is attached to the preprocessing transmission cylinder 23, and a divider 17 is fixed to the tip of the preprocessing frame 25. An actuator 26 is disposed between the traveling machine body 3 and the pretreatment transmission cylinder 23, and the pretreatment transmission cylinder 23 swings in the vertical direction by the expansion and contraction of the actuator 26, thereby moving the pretreatment frame 25 in the vertical direction.

  In the pretreatment frame 25, a raising body 27 for raising the cereals weeded by the divider 17 so as to be located behind the divider 17 stands in an inclined state so that its upper part is inclined backward. It is installed. A sliding type cutting blade 28 is arranged on the lower surface of the pretreatment frame 25, and the stock of the cereal that is raised by the body 27 by the cutting blade 28 is cut to harvest the cereal.

  In the pretreatment frame 25, a scraper 30, a scraper 31, and a scraper 32 that are weeded by the divider 17 and raked up by the lifting body 27 are arranged at predetermined intervals. . The scooping body 30, the scooping body 31, and the scooping body 32 are a star wheel 33 that is rotatably supported by the pretreatment frame 25, a drive pulley 35 that is coaxially supported by the star wheel 33, and a drive. The pulley 35 is provided with a driven pulley 36 rotatably supported by the pretreatment frame 25, and a conveyor belt 37 stretched between the driving pulley 35 and the driven pulley 36. The conveyor belt 37 has a predetermined interval. A plurality of conveying tines 38 are arranged.

  The supply grain amount detecting means 40 is composed of a first strip sensor 41 attached to the scooping body 30 and a second strip sensor 42 attached to the scooping body 31. When only the grain ridges i on the left side in the traveling direction of the traveling machine body 3 are being harvested, only the first stripe sensor 41 detects the harvested grains. In addition, when cutting a plurality of cereal ridges i, cereal stalks (or cereal stalks i, cereals stubs and cereals striates) from the left side of the traveling direction of the traveling machine 3, The cereals harvested at the same time by the first sensor 41 and the second sensor 42 are detected. That is, the amount (large or small) of the harvested cereal can be detected based on the detection states of the first and second sensors 41 and 42.

  The cereal carrying device 44 (see FIG. 3) detects the tip position of the culm carried into the threshing unit 13 by a pair of handling depth sensors 57 and 58 (see FIG. 2) described later, and the detected tip. The handling depth conveyance body 45 which adjusts the position of the cocoon length direction of the cereals conveyed according to a position, and adjusts the handling depth in the said threshing part 13, and the said scraping body 30, the scraping body 31, and a scraping body A transport chain 66 and a transport chain 67 are provided for transporting the cereals scraped by 32 and harvested by the cutting blade 28 to the transport start position of the handling depth transport body 45.

  The handling depth transport body 45 is positioned between the feed chain 16, the transport chain 66, and the transport chain 67 through a drive case 43 that is supported by the lateral transmission cylinder 21 so as to be vertically rotatable. It is supported. The handling depth transport body 45 is supported by an actuator 46, swings in the vertical direction by the operation of the actuator 46, and the tip of the cereals fed to the threshing portion 13 by the feed chain 16 is appropriately handled. The tip position of the corn straw fed from the transport chain 66 and the transport chain 67 is adjusted so as to have a depth.

  The handling depth transport body 45 includes a stock transport body 47 and a tip transport body 48, and a main sensor 49 for detecting cereals conveyed by the stock transport body 47 and the head transport body 48 is disposed. . The stocker transport body 47 is disposed along the sandwiching rail 50 that supports the stocker side of the grain straws fed from the transport chain 66 and the transport chain 67, and is supported by the sandwiching rail 50. A stock transport chain 51 is provided for transporting the stock side of the produced cereal. The tip transport body 48 includes a transport belt 52 and a plurality of transport tines 53 arranged on the transport belt 52 at predetermined intervals.

  A power transmission case 55 formed in an inverted U shape by a plurality of hollow pipes and a plurality of gear cases is supported on the horizontal transmission cylinder 21 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction. The bracket 56 fixed to the power transmission case 55 supports a pair of handling depth sensors 57 and 58 that detect the position of the tip of the cereal conveyed by the tip conveying body 48 so that the position can be adjusted.

  A support member 60 is attached to the bracket 56, and a holding rail 62 is supported via the bracket 61. Further, the holding rail 50 is supported at the tip of the support member 60 so as to follow the stock transport chain 51.

  An auxiliary tip carrier 63 is supported at the tip of the power transmission case 55 so as to be positioned above the scraper 30 and the scraper 31. In addition, an auxiliary tip transport body 65 is integrally provided on the tip transport body 48 so as to be substantially parallel to the top of the scraping body 32, and is substantially straight from the front to the rear of the traveling machine body 3. Is formed. The auxiliary tip carrier 63 and the auxiliary tip carrier 65 are driven by a drive shaft 64 built in the power transmission case 55.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the combine 1 is driven by a drive system using the engine 7 as a drive source. The output of the engine 7 is input to the traveling HST 70, converted into a required speed, and then input to the transmission 71. The crawler traveling devices 2 and 2 are driven to cause the traveling machine body 3 to travel.

  Further, the output of the engine 7 drives the first handling cylinder 15a, the second handling cylinder 15b, and the waste chain 73 via a threshing clutch (tension clutch) 72 to thresh the cereal. The waste after threshing is conveyed to the waste treatment device by the waste chain 73. At the same time, the Kara fan 75 of the sorting unit 12 is driven, and another device (not shown) of the sorting unit 12 is driven via the sorting belt 76 to fall from the threshing unit 13 to the sorting unit 12. The grain is selected from the processed product.

The output of the engine 7 is input to the transport HST 77 via the threshing clutch 72 and converted into a required speed, and then input to the transport transmission 78 to drive the feed chain 16. Further, the output of the transport transmission 78 is transmitted to the pretreatment unit 20 via a harvesting clutch (tension clutch) 80, and the pretreatment unit 20 is driven to harvest the cereal.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the control device 81 of the combine 1 includes an input interface 82, a microcomputer 83 and an output interface 85, and is connected to the main switch 86 of the combine 1.

  The input interface 82 includes the lift potentiometer 22, a threshing clutch switch 87 that detects the operating state of the threshing clutch 72, a cutting clutch switch 88 that detects the operating state of the cutting clutch 80, and the handling depth conveyance. The main sensor 49 that detects the presence or absence of cereals conveyed by the body 45, and the function of stopping the driving of the pretreatment unit 20 and the threshing unit 13 when the pretreatment unit 20 rises to a predetermined position. The lift shut switch 90 for selecting invalid, the back switch 91 for selecting the traveling direction of the combine 1, the lift raising switch 92, and the rotational speed input to the transmission 71 are arranged on the output shaft of the traveling HST 70. A transmission (T / M) rotation sensor 93 for detecting the movement HST7 A transport HST rotation sensor 95 for detecting the rotational speed of the output shaft of the transport HST 77, an engine rotational sensor 96 for detecting the rotational speed of the engine 7, the handling depth sensor 57, A handling depth sensor 58 is connected to the first and second strip sensors 41 and 42.

  Connected to the output interface 85 are a horn 97, a hand lamp 98, an HST drive motor 100 for controlling the output of the transport HST 77, and an engine stop solenoid 101.

  The combine 1 is put into a field, the pretreatment unit 20 is lowered, the mowing clutch 80 is connected and the pretreatment unit 20 is operated, and the combine 1 is advanced in the arrangement direction of the grains. Then, the divider 17 enters the cereal ridges i, cereal crumbs, and cereal cruciforms, performs weeding, raises the cereals with the pulling body 27, and the scraper 30; The scraper 31 and the scraper 32 are used to scrape the cereal, and the cutting blade 28 is used to cut the cereal base and cut the cereal. At this time, the cereal grains of the cereal ridge a which have been raked by the rake body 30 are detected by the first sensor 41, and , Detected by the second sensor 42.

  The harvested grains are delivered to the transport chain 66 and the transport chain 67 from the scraper 30, the scraper 31 and the scraper 32, and the transport depth transport body is transported by the transport chain 66 and the transport chain 67. It is conveyed to the conveyance start position 45 and delivered to the handling depth conveyance body 45.

  The handling depth transport body 45 is configured such that when the fed cereal is detected by the main sensor 49, based on the tip position of the culm detected by the handling depth sensor 57 and the handling depth sensor 58, By operating the actuator 46, swinging the handling depth transport body 45 in the vertical direction, and moving the transported culm to its tip or stock side, the cereal to be fed to the threshing unit 13 While changing the position in the cocoon length direction and adjusting the handling depth, the feed chain 16 is conveyed to the conveyance start position, and the cereal is delivered to the feed chain 16.

  The feed chain 16 carries the cereals inherited from the handling depth transport body 45 into the threshing unit 13 and threshs the cereals with the first handling cylinder 15a. After the grain has been threshed, the waste is delivered from the feed chain 16 to the waste chain 73, sent to the waste processing device, cut into a predetermined length, and discharged to the field.

  The speed control of the preprocessing unit 20 is performed based on the control flowchart shown in FIG. It is determined whether the first strip sensor 41 of the supply cereal amount detection means 40 is ON or OFF (step S1 in FIG. 6, hereinafter simply referred to as step S). When the first strip sensor 41 is OFF, i.e., when the pre-processing unit 20 is not cutting the grain, the speed control of the transport HST 77 is performed by normal vehicle speed synchronization control. At this time, the conveying speed of the corn straw in the pre-processing unit 20 and the conveying speed of the corn straw by the feed chain 16 are controlled along the curve A shown in FIG.

  When the first sensor 41 is ON in the step S1, that is, when at least the stalk of the scab is being cut, it is determined whether the second sensor 42 is ON or OFF (step S3). . When the second strip sensor 42 is ON, that is, when at least the two or more ridges of the cereal ridges i and cereal ridges are being cut by the pre-processing unit 20, the process proceeds to step S2. Then, the speed control of the transport HST 77 is performed by normal vehicle speed tuning control along the curve A shown in FIG.

  In the step S3, when the second sensor 42 is OFF, that is, when the pre-processing unit 20 is cutting only one of the ridges, the decelerating control of the conveyance HST77 is performed (step S3). S4). That is, by operating the HST drive motor 100 to the decelerating side and decelerating the output of the transport HST 77, the scraping body 30, the scraping body 31, the scraping body 32, and the cutting blade 28 of the pretreatment unit 20. The operating speeds of the auxiliary tip transport bodies 63 and 65, the transport chain 66, the transport chain 67, the handling depth transport body 45 and the feed chain 16 are reduced, and the transport speed of the cereals is a curve B shown in FIG. Is controlled along.

  As described above, when the deceleration control of the transport HST 77 is performed, the transport speed of the cereal transport device 44 and the cereal mash of the feed chain 16 with respect to the vehicle speed of the traveling machine body 3 is reduced. Compared to the case of normal vehicle speed synchronization control, when the harvesting travel is performed at the same vehicle speed, when the conveyance speed of the pre-processing unit 20 is slower than when the conveyance speed is high, the layer thickness of the cereal that is conveyed increases, Thus, the layer thickness of the culm is secured and the tip position of the culm is reliably detected by the handling depth sensor 57 and the handling depth sensor 58. Therefore, the handling depth in the handling depth transport body 45 can be adjusted appropriately, and a good threshing operation can be performed. In addition, since it is possible to eliminate the sudden adjustment of the handling depth in the handling depth transport body 45 due to the change in the amount of cereals, the change in the posture of the cereals during transportation (oblique transportation) is prevented, Clogging at the touch part can be prevented.

  Even in the harvesting operation in a field where the amount of the culm to be harvested is likely to change rapidly during the reaping operation, the layer thickness of the cereal that is always conveyed by the handling depth conveying body 45 is determined by the handling depth sensor 57. In addition, the traveling speed of the traveling machine body 3 and the conveying speed of the cereals of the pretreatment unit 20 can be linked within a range in which the thickness necessary for reliably detecting the handling depth sensor 58 can be secured. And work efficiency can be improved.

  The deceleration control in the step S4 includes the control of the cereal conveyance speed in the pre-processing unit 20 and the cereal conveyance speed by the feed chain 16 in addition to the control along the curve B shown in FIG. Control may be performed in a straight line of C shown. The curve A shown in FIG. 8 shows the characteristics when the speed of conveying the grain in the preprocessing unit 20 and the speed of conveying the grain by the feed chain 16 are controlled in a synchronized manner.

  In the above-described embodiment, it is generally considered that no cocoon enters the cereal ridges i in FIG. Although it was determined to be cut, the present invention is not limited to this, and a sensor is provided for any one of the grain crumbs i, b, and c, and if one of the three sensors is turned on, it is determined that one line is cut. good. In addition, the pre-processing speed may be lowered when a small amount of wrinkles is used instead of the wrinkle amount detection sensor for sensing the operation amount of the holding rail of the handling depth conveyance body 45, not limited to the strip sensor.

  FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The same components as those in FIG. 3 are given the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. In the present embodiment, the pre-processing unit 20 is configured with four-row cutting, and a scraping body 34 is disposed on the right side of the scraping body 32 on the right side in the traveling direction of the traveling machine body 3. Moreover, the said 1st strip | line sensor 41 which comprises the said supply cereal amount detection means 40 is arrange | positioned so that the corn straw conveyed with the said conveyance chain 66 may be detected, and the said 2nd row sensor 42 is the said conveyance chain | strand. It is arrange | positioned so that the grain straw conveyed by 67 may be detected.

  In such a configuration, the four cereal ridges i, the cereal ridges b, the cereal ridges c, and the cereal ridges d can be cut simultaneously. The cereal grains scraped and cut by the scraping body 30 and the scraping body 31 are detected by the first strip sensor 41 while being transported toward the handling depth transport body 45 by the transport chain 66. Is done. In addition, while the grain culm scraped and cut by the scoring body 32 and the scoring body 34 is transported toward the handling depth transport body 45 by the transport chain 67, the second sensor 42 is provided. Is detected.

  Depending on the shape and size of the field, there may be cutting of 1 row (grain row 1) or 2 rows (grain row 1 and grain row 2). Even in such a case, by adjusting the deceleration as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 based on the control flowchart shown in FIG. Can be performed, and a good threshing operation can be performed. In addition, since it is possible to eliminate the sudden adjustment of the handling depth in the handling depth transport body 45 due to the change in the amount of cereals, the change in the posture of the cereals during transportation (oblique transportation) is prevented, Clogging at the touch part can be prevented.

1 Combine 3 Traveling Airframe 7 Drive Source (Engine)
13 Threshing part 20 Preprocessing part 40 Supply grain amount detection means 41 1st sensor 42 2nd sensor 44 Grain conveying device 77 Preprocessing transmission (conveyance HST)
81 Control device

Claims (3)

A drive source, a traveling machine body that travels by power from the drive source, a pre-processing unit that is supported in front of the traveling machine body and that harvests the culm, and a threshing unit that threshs the harvested culm. In the prepared combine,
The pre-processing unit has a culm conveying device that adjusts the handling depth while conveying the harvested cereal to the threshing unit,
A pre-processing transmission that is interposed in the power transmission system of the pre-processing unit and shifts power from the drive source;
Supply cereal amount detection means for detecting the supply cereal amount to the pre-processing unit;
A control device that controls the pre-processing transmission device so that the conveyance speed of the corn straw conveying device is slow when the amount of corn flour detected by the supply corn amount detecting means is less than a predetermined amount; ,
Combine that is characterized by that. The control device is configured to control a conveyance speed of the cereal conveyance device according to a traveling speed of the traveling machine body.
The combine according to claim 1. The pre-processing unit cuts a plurality of cereal grains,
The supply culm amount detecting means includes a first sensor capable of detecting a culm of the strip on the left end side in the traveling direction of the traveling machine body, and any one of the other reaping strips. A second sensor capable of detecting cereals,
In the case where the first sensor detects the cereal and the second sensor does not detect the cereal, the control device slows down the conveying speed of the cereal conveying device.
The combine according to claim 1 or 2.

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