JP2008190444A - Fluid machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluid machine capable of achieving further miniaturization and the reduction of the weight of a hydraulic machine while improving reliability relating to the lubricating performance of the fluid machine by a simple mechanism. <P>SOLUTION: The fluid machine is provided with a rotary shaft 12 extending in a body 3 of a hermetic vessel 2 and rotatably supported via bearings 12, 28, a motor driving the rotary shaft by electricity supply and including a rotor 7 and a stator 8, a scroll unit 30 held at the upper side of the motor, a frame member 14 supporting the rotary shaft via the bearing, and a flow direction regulating means 80 regulating the direction of lubricating oil flowing down from a scroll unit side to a motor side to prevent lubricating oil supplied to the bearing from an oil storage chamber 23 from flowing into a stator side. The flow direction regulating means includes a guide member 82 fixed on the upper surface 7a of the rotor and leading the flowing-down lubricating oil to the upper surface, and a discharge path orienting the lubricating oil led to the upper surface toward the oil storage chamber. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluid machine, and more particularly, to a fluid machine that stores lubricating oil below a sealed container.

A hermetic compressor, which is an example of this type of fluid machine, is used in a refrigeration air conditioner or the like, and compresses refrigerant as a working fluid. This refrigerant usually contains lubricating oil. This lubricating oil not only lubricates the sliding surfaces and bearings in the compressor, but also functions as a seal for the sliding surfaces.
However, if this lubricating oil is not supplied to the sliding surface or the like, the compressor will be damaged. Then, the compressor which aims at solution of the problem resulting from exhaustion of lubricating oil is known (for example, refer to patent documents 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-47269

By the way, in the prior art mentioned above, the pipe which bypasses an electric motor and connects a scroll unit and an oil storage chamber is provided, and this pipe is arrange | positioned at the outer peripheral side of the electric motor.
Here, when trying to solve the problem caused by the depletion of the lubricating oil, it is necessary to pay attention to avoiding the heavy and long compressor. This is because, in compressors that are used in the above-described refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment and the like and store the lubricating oil below the hermetic container, in recent years, there has been a demand for further reduction in size and weight in order to easily arrange them in ordinary households. Because.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and a fluid machine capable of realizing further reduction in size and weight of a fluid machine while improving reliability related to the lubrication performance of the fluid machine with a simple mechanism. The purpose is to provide.

  In order to achieve the above object, a fluid machine according to claim 1 includes a cylindrical barrel, a discharge chamber formed above the barrel, and a lubricating oil reservoir formed below the barrel. A sealed container in which a discharge pressure acts in the body, a rotating shaft extending through the body and supported rotatably through a bearing, and housed in the body, and driving the rotating shaft by energization A rotor that is rotated integrally with the rotation shaft around the rotation shaft, and an electric motor having a stator that rotates the rotor around the rotor; A scroll unit that is driven by the cylinder to perform a series of processes from suction to discharge of the working fluid, and a frame that is disposed between the scroll unit and the electric motor and that fixes the scroll unit and supports the rotating shaft via a bearing. Parts and storage A flow direction restricting means for restricting the direction of the lubricating oil flowing down from the scroll unit side to the electric motor side in order to prevent the lubricant supplied to the bearing from the chamber from flowing into the stator side. And a guide member that is fixed to the upper surface of the rotor and guides the lubricating oil flowing down to the upper surface, and a discharge path that directs the lubricating oil guided to the upper surface to the oil storage chamber.

The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in claim 1, the guide member is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape having a bottom portion that is caulked and fixed to the upper surface and an opening portion that opens to the frame member side. It is said.
Furthermore, in the invention described in claim 3, in order to prevent the working fluid discharged from the scroll unit from flowing into the guide member according to claim 1 or 2, the guide member is surrounded and flows down with the working fluid. It further comprises a partition mechanism for isolating the lubricating oil.

  Furthermore, in the invention described in claim 4, in any one of claims 1 to 3, the discharge path is formed so as to penetrate through the bottom portion and the rotor, and in the invention described in claim 5, In any one of claims 1 to 4, the working fluid is a refrigerant composed of carbon dioxide.

  Therefore, according to the fluid machine of the first aspect of the present invention, the lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber is supplied to the bearing and lubricates and cools the bearing. The lubricating oil is supplied from the scroll unit side by the flow direction regulating means. The direction of flow down to the side is restricted, and inflow to the stator side is prevented. The flow direction restricting means includes a guide member that is fixed to the upper surface of the rotor and guides the lubricating oil flowing down to the upper surface of the rotor, and a discharge path that directs the lubricating oil guided to the upper surface of the rotor to the oil storage chamber. Has been. Therefore, all the lubricating oil is promptly guided and stored in the oil storage chamber without being scattered in the body portion. As a result, the recovery of the lubricating oil can be performed efficiently, and the failure of the fluid machine due to the insufficient supply of the lubricating oil can be reliably prevented with a simple mechanism that simply provides the guide member, and the reliability of the fluid machine can be improved. .

Moreover, since the scattering of the lubricating oil in the body portion can be prevented, the flowing lubricating oil is prevented from coming into contact with the working fluid and contained in the working fluid, and the lubricating oil ratio (OCR) of the lubricating oil flowing outside the fluid machine As a result, the efficiency of each heat exchanger of the refrigeration system can be improved and energy saving of the refrigeration system can be realized.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the guide member is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape, and the guide member is formed by opening the opening to the frame member side and caulking the bottom to the upper surface of the rotor. The lubricating oil rate can be suppressed with a simple mechanism that is assembled integrally with the rotor, and further reduction in the size and weight of the fluid machine and reduction in the manufacturing cost of the fluid machine can be achieved.

Furthermore, according to the invention described in claim 3, by having the partition mechanism for preventing the working fluid from flowing into the guide member, the flowing lubricating oil is prevented from coming into contact with the working fluid and being contained in the working fluid. Therefore, the lubricating oil rate can be reliably reduced, and failure of the fluid machine due to insufficient supply of lubricating oil can be more reliably prevented.
Furthermore, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the lubricating oil flowing down is smoothly discharged to the oil storage chamber through a discharge passage formed through the bottom of the guide member and the rotor in a lump, and the recovery of the lubricating oil is further efficient. The failure of the fluid machine due to insufficient supply of lubricating oil can be prevented more reliably.

  Further, according to the invention described in claim 5, even when the thickness of the sealed container is increased by using a refrigerant made of carbon dioxide compressed to high pressure as the working fluid, according to the above configuration, A sufficient amount of lubricating oil can be ensured without further increasing the thickness of the fluid machine.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a hermetic compressor as an example of a fluid machine according to the present embodiment. The compressor 1 is incorporated in a refrigeration circuit such as a refrigeration air conditioner or a heat pump water heater. The circuit includes a path through which a carbon dioxide refrigerant (hereinafter referred to as a refrigerant), which is an example of a working fluid, circulates, and the compressor 1 sucks the refrigerant from the path, compresses it, and delivers it toward the path.

The compressor 1 includes a housing (sealed container) 2, and the body 3 of the housing 2 is airtightly fitted on the upper and lower sides by an upper lid 4 and a lower lid 5, respectively. Is sealed and discharge pressure is acting.
An electric motor (electric motor) 6 is accommodated in the body 3, and a rotating shaft 12 is disposed in the motor 6. Specifically, in the motor 6, a rotor 7 having a permanent magnet is fixed to the outer peripheral side of the rotating shaft 12, and a stator 8 having an armature winding 9 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the rotor 7. A part of the outer peripheral side of the stator 8 is press-fitted and fixed to the body 3. When the armature winding 9 is energized, the rotor 7 rotates with the rotation of the magnetic field generated in the armature winding 9 and rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 12. Further, the upper end side of the rotary shaft 12 is rotatably supported by a main shaft frame (frame member) 14 via a bearing 16.

  On the other hand, the lower end side of the rotating shaft 12 is rotatably supported by the countershaft frame 18 via the bearing 20. An oil pump 22 is attached to the lower end side of the rotary shaft 12, and the pump 22 sucks lubricating oil in an oil storage chamber 23 formed inside the lower lid 5. The lubricating oil is supplied from the upper end of the rotating shaft 12 to the motor 6 and the scroll unit 30 through the oil passage 24 of the rotating shaft 12, and functions as a lubricant for each sliding portion and a bearing and a seal for the sliding surface. . Further, an inlet 19 for lubricating oil is formed at an appropriate position of the frame 18, and the lubricating oil supplied to each sliding portion in the compressor 1 is stored in the oil storage chamber via the inlet 19 as will be described later. 23 is stored.

  The unit 30 is disposed above the motor 6 in the body 3, and performs a series of processes of refrigerant suction, compression, and discharge. Specifically, the unit 30 includes a movable spiral body 52 and a fixed spiral body 32, and the movable spiral body 52 includes an end plate 54, and the end plate 54 extends toward the end plate 34 of the fixed spiral body 32. A spiral wrap is integrally formed. On the other hand, a spiral wrap extending toward the end plate 54 is also integrally formed on the end plate 34 of the fixed spiral body 32. These spiral wraps cooperate with each other to form a compression chamber, and the compression chamber moves from the radially outer peripheral side of the spiral wrap toward the center by the swirling motion of the movable spiral body 52 with respect to the fixed spiral body 32. In this case, the volume is reduced.

In order to impart a swiveling motion to the movable spiral body 52 described above, a boss 66 is formed on the lower surface side of the end plate 54, and this boss 66 is rotatably supported by the eccentric shaft 26 via a bearing 28. The eccentric shaft 26 is integrally formed on the upper end side of the rotary shaft 12. The rotation of the movable spiral body 52 is blocked by a rotation blocking pin 68.
On the other hand, the fixed spiral body 32 is fixed to the spindle frame 14, and the end plate 34 partitions the compression chamber side and the discharge chamber 60 side. A discharge hole communicating with the compression chamber side is formed at an appropriate position in the central portion of the fixed spiral body 32 through the end plate 34, and this discharge hole is disposed on the anti-scroll side of the fixed spiral body 32. The discharge valve 62 is opened and closed. Further, the anti-scroll side of the fixed spiral body 32 including the discharge valve 62 is covered with a discharge head 64, and the sound when the discharge valve 62 is opened is suppressed by the discharge head 64.

By the way, the lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber 23 is supplied to the unit 30 and the bearings 16, 28, etc. via the oil pump 22 and the oil passage 24, and then flows in the direction of flow from the unit 30 side to the motor 6 side. Is regulated by the flow direction regulating means 80.
Specifically, the flow direction regulating means 80 is fixed to the upper surface 7a of the rotor 7, and a rotor cover (guide member) 82 for guiding lubricating oil flowing down from the unit 30 side to the motor 6 side to the upper surface 7a, and the upper surface 7a. And an oil discharge path (discharge path) 84 for directing the lubricating oil guided to the oil storage chamber 23, and the lubricating oil supplied to the unit 30, the bearings 16, 28, etc. is supplied to the stator 8 side. In order to prevent the inflow, the flow direction is regulated and the oil is stored in the oil storage chamber 23.

Referring also to the view of the rotor cover 82 from the AA direction in FIG. 1 shown in FIG. 2, the rotor cover 82 is formed in a cup shape that forms a bottomed cylinder having a bottom portion 82a, an opening portion 82b, and a cylindrical portion 82c. ing.
The bottom portion 82a has a shaft hole into which the rotary shaft 12 is inserted, four holes forming a part of the discharge path 84, and four holes forming a part of an insertion hole 88 described later of the caulking pin 86. Is perforated.

Referring to a cross-sectional view showing the connection of only the rotor cover 82 and the rotor 7 and the rotary shaft 12 as seen from the BB direction of FIG. 2 shown in FIG. 3, the rotor cover 82 surrounds the rotary shaft 12 and the bottom portion 82a is The upper surface 7a is fixed by caulking pins 86.
The caulking pin 86 is caulked by being inserted into an insertion hole 88 that penetrates the bottom portion 82 a and the rotor 7 substantially in parallel with the rotary shaft 12, whereby the rotor cover 82 is fixed to the rotor 7. The opening 82b opens to the spindle frame 14 side, and the cylinder 82c extends at least until it surrounds the lower end of the spindle frame 14. Further, the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 82 c is smaller than the outer diameter of the rotor 7.

  As a result, the rotor cover 82 rotates integrally with the rotor 7 and restricts the flow of lubricating oil flowing from the unit 30 side toward the motor 6 side to the inner side of the rotor cover 82, and this lubricating oil on the stator 8 side. To prevent inflow. Although four sets of these insertion holes 88 and caulking pins 86 are provided, a plurality of sets may be provided, and the number of sets is not limited. Further, one set of the insertion hole 88 and the caulking pin 86 may be used for fixing a counterweight (not shown) that adjusts the rotational balance of the rotor 7.

On the other hand, like the insertion hole 88, the oil discharge path 84 is formed by penetrating the bottom 82a and the rotor 7 substantially in parallel with the rotary shaft 12, and the lubricating oil passing through the oil discharge path 84 passes through the oil guide hole 19. And collected in the oil storage chamber 23. A plurality of oil discharge paths 84 are preferably provided.
Referring again to FIG. 1, a lubricating oil flow path Fo (shown in the figure) flows from the unit 30 side toward the motor 6 side so as to surround the rotor cover 82 between the spindle frame 14 and the stator 8. An oil / refrigerant partitioning mechanism (partitioning mechanism) 90 that partitions a refrigerant flow path Fr (shown by a broken line arrow in the figure) discharged from the motor 6 is shown.

The partition mechanism 90 is formed having a vertical cylindrical portion 90a projecting on the spindle frame 14 side and a communication hole 90b forming a part of the refrigerant flow path Fr. The lower end side of the partition member 90 is a stator. 8 is fixed.
The vertical cylindrical portion 90a is fitted to the lower end side of the spindle frame 14 so as to surround the rotor cover 82 from the stator 8 side, and the refrigerant rotor cover 82 circulates in the housing 2 through the flow path Fr. Inflow to the inside is blocked, and the flow path Fr and the flow path Fo are isolated. On the other hand, the communication holes 90b are small holes perforated along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral side of the vertical cylindrical portion 90a.

Further, the partition mechanism 90 is fitted with a lower end side of a rectifying member 92 that rectifies while isolating the descending flow path and the rising flow path of the refrigerant constituting the flow path Fr, and the upper end side of the rectifying member 92 is It is fixed to the spindle frame 14.
According to the compressor 1 described above, as the rotary shaft 12 rotates, the movable spiral body 52 rotates without rotating. The swiveling motion of the movable spiral body 52 causes the refrigerant taken into the body 3 through the suction pipe 70 to be sucked from the outer peripheral side of the scroll unit 30 toward the inside thereof.

  When the volume of the compression chamber is reduced, the high-pressure compressed refrigerant reaches the discharge chamber 60 via the discharge hole, passes through the unit 30 (not shown), and on the outer peripheral side of the vertical cylindrical portion 90a of the partition member 90. It passes through the gap between the rectifying member 92 and the inner peripheral side and the communication hole 90b sequentially. Then, the refrigerant descends through a gap in the armature winding 9 in the stator 8, and further rises in a gap between the outer peripheral side of the stator 8 and the inner peripheral side of the housing 2. 1 is sent out.

On the other hand, the flow path Fo of lubricating oil that flows toward the motor 6 after being supplied to the unit 30, the bearings 16, 28, etc. is regulated in a substantially vertical direction by the rotor cover 82 and the oil discharge path 84, so that the flow of the refrigerant Lubricating oil flowing down from the unit 30 side to the motor 6 side without crossing the path Fr is guided and stored in the oil storage chamber 23 through the inlet 19.
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber 23 is supplied to the sliding portion of the unit 30 and the bearings 16 and 28 via the oil pump 22 and the oil passage 24, and the lubrication and cooling are performed. In addition, it functions as a seal for the sliding surface, but the flow direction of this lubricating oil from the unit 30 side to the motor 6 side is regulated by the flow direction regulating means 80 comprising the rotor cover 82 and the oil discharge path 84, and the stator 8 side Inflow is prevented. Therefore, all the lubricating oil flowing down from the unit 30 side to the motor 6 side is promptly stored in the oil storage chamber 23 without being scattered in the body portion 3.

  As a result, the lubricating oil can be efficiently recovered, and the compressor 1 can be further reduced in size and weight and compressed by a simple mechanism that simply caulks and fixes the cup-shaped rotor cover 82 to the upper surface 7a of the rotor 7. While achieving reduction in the manufacturing cost of the machine 1, troubles such as failure of the compressor 1 due to insufficient supply of lubricating oil, for example, sliding parts due to exhaustion of lubricating oil and seizure of bearings 16 and 28, etc. This can be reliably prevented and the reliability of the compressor 1 can be improved.

In addition, since the scattering of the lubricating oil in the body portion 3 can be prevented, the lubricating oil flowing down from the unit 30 side to the motor 6 side is prevented from coming into contact with the refrigerant and contained in the refrigerant, and flows out of the compressor 1. The lubricating oil rate (OCR) of the lubricating oil can be suppressed, and by suppressing this lubricating oil rate, the efficiency of each heat exchanger of the refrigeration system can be improved, and energy saving of the refrigeration system can be realized.
Further, by having the partition mechanism 90 that prevents the refrigerant from flowing into the rotor cover 82, it is possible to prevent the lubricating oil flowing down from coming into contact with the refrigerant and being included in the refrigerant, and to reliably reduce the lubricating oil rate. Failure of the compressor 1 due to insufficient supply of lubricating oil can be prevented more reliably.

Furthermore, the lubricating oil flowing down is smoothly discharged to the oil storage chamber 23 through the oil discharge passage 84 formed through the bottom 82a of the rotor cover 82 and the rotor 7, and the recovery of the lubricating oil can be performed more efficiently. Failure of the compressor 1 due to insufficient supply of lubricating oil can be prevented more reliably.
The description of one embodiment of the present invention is finished above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

For example, although the scroll unit 30 used for the hermetic compressor is used in the above embodiment, a series of processes from the suction to the discharge of the refrigerant is performed in the hermetic housing, and the lubricating oil on which the refrigerant discharge pressure acts. May circulate in the housing, another compression mechanism, an expander, or the like may be used.
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the carbon dioxide refrigerant is used for the working fluid, you may use another working fluid. However, when a carbon dioxide refrigerant compressed to a high pressure is used, the thickness of the sealed container must be increased. However, if the flow direction regulating means 80 of the present embodiment is used, the compressor 1 can be replaced. Thus, a sufficient amount of lubricating oil can be secured without incurring a significant increase in length.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a hermetic compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is the top view which looked at the rotor cover from the AA direction of FIG. It is sectional drawing showing the connection of only a rotor cover, a rotor, and a rotating shaft seen from the BB direction of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Hermetic compressor (fluid machine)
2 Housing (closed container)
3 Body 6 Electric motor (electric motor)
7 Rotor 7a Upper surface 8 Stator 12 Rotating shaft 14 Spindle frame (frame member)
16 Bearing 23 Oil storage chamber 28 Bearing 30 Scroll unit 60 Discharge chamber 80 Flow direction regulating means 82 Rotor cover (guide member)
82a Bottom 82b Opening 84 Oil discharge path (discharge path)
90 Oil / refrigerant partition mechanism

Claims (5)

A sealed container having a cylindrical body, a discharge chamber formed above the body, and a lubricating oil storage chamber formed below the body, and a discharge pressure acts in the body When,
A rotating shaft extending through the body and rotatably supported via a bearing;
The rotor is housed in the body, drives the rotating shaft by energization, and rotates around the rotating shaft integrally with the rotating shaft, and a stator that rotates the rotor around the rotor. An electric motor,
A scroll unit that is housed in the barrel on the upper side of the electric motor and driven by the rotating shaft to perform a series of processes from suction to discharge of working fluid;
A frame member disposed between the scroll unit and the electric motor, fixing the scroll unit, and supporting the rotating shaft via the bearing;
Flow direction regulating means for regulating the direction of the lubricating oil flowing from the scroll unit side to the electric motor side in order to prevent the lubricating oil provided to the bearing from flowing from the oil storage chamber to the stator side. ,
The flow direction restricting means includes a guide member that is fixed to the upper surface of the rotor and guides the lubricant flowing down to the upper surface, and a discharge path that directs the lubricant guided to the upper surface toward the oil storage chamber. A fluid machine characterized by   The fluid machine according to claim 1, wherein the guide member is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape having a bottom portion that is caulked and fixed to the upper surface, and an opening portion that opens to the frame member side.   In order to prevent the working fluid discharged from the scroll unit from flowing into the guide member, it further includes a partition mechanism that surrounds the guide member and isolates the working fluid from the flowing lubricant. The fluid machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that   The fluid machine according to claim 1, wherein the discharge path is formed through the bottom portion and the rotor at once.   The fluid machine according to claim 1, wherein the working fluid is a refrigerant made of carbon dioxide.

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