JP2007508261A - 皮膚残留物を最小化するための経皮的医薬製剤 - Google Patents
皮膚残留物を最小化するための経皮的医薬製剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2007508261A JP2007508261A JP2006530107A JP2006530107A JP2007508261A JP 2007508261 A JP2007508261 A JP 2007508261A JP 2006530107 A JP2006530107 A JP 2006530107A JP 2006530107 A JP2006530107 A JP 2006530107A JP 2007508261 A JP2007508261 A JP 2007508261A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、活性成分及び溶媒系を含む経皮的又は経粘膜的医薬製剤に関する。この溶媒系は、モノアルキルエーテル及びグリコール、並びにアルコール及び水との混合物を、特定の比率で含む。発明はまた、経皮的又は経粘膜的医薬製剤中の活性成分の結晶化を遅らせる又は阻害する方法に関する。
本出願は、その内容を本明細書に参考文献として援用する、2003年10月10日に出願された米国仮出願第60/510,613号の利益を請求する。
経皮又は経粘膜的な投与形態が皮膚又は粘膜の局部に対して薬物を便利に送達することが知られている。皮膚又は粘膜に対して薬物を送達する1つのこのような方法は、経皮的及び/又は局所的投与形態の方法による。非閉塞性経皮的及び局所的な半固体投与形態の非限定的例は、クリーム、軟膏、ゲル、泡剤、スプレイ、液剤及びローション(すなわち、乳化剤又は懸濁剤)を含む。典型的な非閉塞性投与形態は、皮膚又は粘膜に適用され、大気中では覆われてなく開放されている。非閉塞性投与形態は覆われていないままであるため、使用者の衣服、又は更に使用者にかなり近接する他人への望ましくない医薬製剤の移りは避けられない。非閉塞性投与形態の他の欠点は、下に議論するように、製剤の蒸発、例えば入浴又は他の活動による皮膚又は粘膜からの製剤の脱落、及び皮膚への製剤の未吸収を含む。
本発明の経皮的又は経粘膜的医薬製剤は、少なくとも1つの活性剤、及び少なくとも1つの活性成分を溶解し、哺乳動物の皮表又は粘膜表面上への少なくとも1つの活性成分の結晶化を阻害するために十分な量で存在する溶媒系を含む。本発明の経皮的又は経粘膜的医薬製剤の他の利点は、2〜3例を挙げると、衣服又はその他への製剤の転移の減少又は抑制、製剤による衣服の汚染の最小化、皮膚の異なった層内での活性剤の生物的分布の調節、及び皮表又は粘膜表面による活性剤吸収促進を含む。
本発明は、経皮的又は経粘膜的医薬製剤に関する。本製剤は、少なくとも1つの活性成分及び溶媒系を含む。溶媒系は、モノアルキルエーテル、グリコール及び水-アルコール混合物を含む。本発明によれば、経皮的又は経粘膜的薬物送達製剤は、半固体製剤、ゲル、クリーム、軟膏、ローション(すなわちエマルション又は分散液)、液剤、泡剤又はスプレイの形態である。但し、その代替物も本請求の範囲内である。
1.00重量%(w/w)のテストステロン、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル 5.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 6.00 % w/w、エタノール 46.28 % w/w、精製水 38.11 % w/w、カルボマー(CARBOPOL(登録商標)980 NF) 1.20 % w/w、トリエタノールアミン 0.35 % w/w、エデト酸二ナトリム塩(EDTA) 0.06 % w/w、ラウリルアルコール 2.00 % w/wを含むゲルを、(水溶性でない場合には)エタノール/プロピレングリコール/ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル/ラウリルアルコール混合物中に活性剤を溶解することによって、調製した。二ナトリウム塩 EDTA溶液を次いで加え、室温で、製剤の良好な均質化を確実にし及び同時に塊の形成及び空気の取り込みを避ける好適な速度で機械攪拌しながら、カルボマーを水溶性アルコール溶液に分散した。ゲルを形成するまで攪拌しながら、トリエタノールアミンを最後に加えた。
テストステロン 1.00 % w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル 5.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 6.00 % w/w、エタノール 46.96 % w/w、精製水 38.43 % w/w、カルボマー(CARBOPOL(登録商標)980 NF) 1.20 % w/w、トリエタノールアミン 0.35 % w/w、二ナトリウム塩 EDTA 0.06 % w/w、ラウリルアルコール 1.00 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例1に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
テストステロン 1.00 % w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル 5.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 6.00 % w/w、エタノール 47.52 % w/w、精製水 38.87 % w/w、カルボマー(CARBOPOL(登録商標)980 NF) 1.20 % w/w、トリエタノールアミン 0.35 % w/w、二ナトリウム塩 EDTA 0.06% w/wからなるゲルを、実施例1に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
テストステロン 1.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 6.00 % w/w、エタノール 50.26 % w/w、精製水 41.13 % w/w、カルボマー(CARBOPOL(登録商標)980 NF) 1.20 % w/w、トリエタノールアミン 0.35 % w/w、二ナトリウム塩 EDTAからなるゲルを、実施例1に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
テストステロン 1.00 % w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル 5.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 15.00 % w/w、エタノール 42.56 % w/w、精製水 34.82 % w/w、カルボマー(CARBOPOL(登録商標)980 NF) 1.20 % w/w、トリエタノールアミン 0.35 % w/w、二ナトリウム塩 EDTA 0.06 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例1に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
テストステロン 1.00 % w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル 30.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 6.00 % w/w、エタノール 33.76 % w/w、精製水 27.62 % w/w、カルボマー(CARBOPOL(登録商標)980 NF) 1.20 % w/w、トリエタノールアミン 0.35 % w/w、二ナトリウム塩 EDTA 0.06% w/wからなるゲルを、実施例1に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
テストステロン 1.00 % w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル 5.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 6.00 % w/w、エタノール 47.40 % w/w、精製水 38.79 % w/w、カルボマー(CARBOPOL(登録商標)980 NF) 1.20 % w/w、トリエタノールアミン 0.35 % w/w、二ナトリウム塩 EDTA 0.06 % w/w、ラウリルアルコール 0.20 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例1に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
テストステロン 1.00 % w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル 5.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 6.00 % w/w、エタノール 50.81 % w/w、精製水 38.87 % w/w、カルボマー(CARBOPOL(登録商標)980 NF) 1.20 % w/w、トリエタノールアミン 0.35 % w/w、二ナトリウム塩 EDTA 0.06 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例1に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
テストステロン 1.00 % w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル5.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール30.00 % w/w、エタノール 34.31 % w/w、精製水 28.07 % w/w、カルボマー(CARBOPOL(登録商標)980 NF) 1.20 % w/w、トリエタノールアミン 0.35 % w/w、二ナトリウム塩 EDTA 0.06 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例1に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
テストステロン 1.00 % w/w、エタノール 53.56 % w/w、精製水 43.83 % w/w、カルボマー(CARBOPOL(登録商標)980 NF) 1.20 % w/w、トリエタノールアミン 0.35 % w/w、二ナトリウム塩 EDTA 0.06 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例1に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
テストステロン 1.00 % w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル 15.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 6.00 % w/w、エタノール 42.00 % w/w、精製水 34.39 % w/w、カルボマー(CARBOPOL(登録商標)980 NF) 1.20 % w/w、トリエタノールアミン 0.35 % w/w、二ナトリウム塩 EDTA 0.06 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例1に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
ミノキシジル 2.00 % w/w、エタンール 58.50 % w/w、精製水 39.00 % w/w、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(KLUCEL(登録商標) MF Pharm) 0.50 % w/wからなるゲルを、(水溶性でない場合には)エタノール/プロピレングリコール/ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル/ラウリルアルコール混合物中に活性剤を溶解することによって、調製した。精製水を次いで加え、室温で、製剤の良好な均質化を確実にし及び同時に塊の形成及び完全に膨らむまで空気の取り込みを避ける好適な速度で機械攪拌しながら、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロースを水溶性アルコール溶液に分散した。
ミノキシジル 2.00 % w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル 5.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 30.0 % w/w、エタノール 37.50 % w/w、精製水 25.00 % w/w、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(KLUCEL(登録商標) MF Pharm) 0.50 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例12に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
ミノキシジル 2.00 % w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル 30.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 6.00 % w/w、エタノール 36.90 % w/w、精製水 24.60 % w/w、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(KLUCEL(登録商標) MF Pharm) 0.50 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例12に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
オキシブチン基剤 2.00 % w/w、エタノール 58.50 % w/w、精製水 39.00 % w/w、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(KLUCEL(登録商標) MF Pharm) 0.50 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例12に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
オキシブチン基剤 2.00 % w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル 5.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 30.0 % w/w、エタノール 37.50 % w/w、精製水 25.00 % w/w、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(KLUCEL(登録商標) MF Pharm) 0.50 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例12に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
オキシブチン基剤 2.00 % w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル 30.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 6.0 % w/w、エタノール 36.90 % w/w、精製水 24.60 % w/w、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(KLUCEL(登録商標) MF Pharm) 0.50 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例12に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
エストラジオール 2.00 % w/w、エタノール 58.50 % w/w、精製水 39.00 % w/w、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(KLUCEL(登録商標) MF Pharm) 0.50 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例12に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
エストラジオール 2.00 % w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル 5.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 30.0 % w/w、エタノール 37.50 % w/w、精製水 25.00 % w/w、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(KLUCEL(登録商標) MF Pharm) 0.50 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例12に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
エストラジオール 2.00 % w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル 30.0 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 6.00 % w/w、エタノール 36.90 % w/w、精製水 24.60 % w/w、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(KLUCEL(登録商標) MF Pharm) 0.50 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例12に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
フェンタニル基剤 3.00 % w/w、エタノール 58.00 % w/w、精製水 38.60 % w/w、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(KLUCEL(登録商標) MF Pharm) 0.50 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例12に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
フェンタニル基剤 5.00 % w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル 5.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 30.0 % w/w、エタノール 36.00 % w/w、精製水 23.50 % w/w、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(KLUCEL(登録商標) MF Pharm) 0.50 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例12に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
フェンタニル基剤 2.00 % w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル 30.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 6.00 % w/w、エタノール 36.90 % w/w、精製水 24.60 % w/w、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(KLUCEL(登録商標) MF Pharm) 0.50 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例21に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
テストステロン 1.00 % w/w、エストラジオール 0.10% w/w、エタノール 59.00 % w/w、精製水 39.40 % w/w、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(KLUCEL(登録商標)MF Pharm) 0.50 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例21に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
テストステロン 1.00 % w/w、エストラジオール 0.10% w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル(TRANSCUTOL(登録商標)P) 5.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 30.0 % w/w、エタノール 38.00 % w/w、精製水 25.40 % w/w、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(KLUCEL(登録商標)MF Pharm) 0.50 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例21に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
テストステロン 1.00 % w/w、エストラジオール 0.10% w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル(TRANSCUTOL(登録商標)P) 30.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 6.00 % w/w、エタノール 37.40 % w/w、精製水 25.00 % w/w、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(KLUCEL(登録商標)MF Pharm) 0.50 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例21に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
エストラジオール 0.06% w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル(TRANSCUTOL(登録商標)P) 5.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 6.00 % w/w、エタノール 46.28 % w/w、精製水 41.05 % w/w、カルボマー(CARBOPOLTM 980 NF) 1.20 % w/w、トリエタノールアミン 0.35 % w/w、二ナトリウム塩 EDTA 0.06% w/w、ラウリルアルコール 2.00% w/wからなるゲルを、実施例1に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
アルプラゾラム 2.00 % w/w、エタノール 58.50 % w/w、精製水 39.00 % w/w、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(KLUCEL(登録商標)MF Pharm) 0.50 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例12に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
アルプラゾラム 2.00 % w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル 5.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 30.0 % w/w、エタノール 37.50 % w/w、精製水 25.00 % w/w、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(KLUCEL(登録商標)MF Pharm) 0.50 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例12に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
アルプラゾラム 2.00 % w/w、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル 30.00 % w/w、プロピレングリコール 6.00 % w/w、エタノール 36.90 % w/w、精製水 24.60 % w/w、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(KLUCEL(登録商標)MF Pharm) 0.50 % w/wからなるゲルを、実施例12に記載の製造法に従い調製した。
実施例 31
図1に図解的に示す拡散チャンバを用いて、イヤーピッグ(ear pig)皮膚によるin vitroでの薬物生物学的試験及び浸透性実験を行った(Franz Vertical Diffusion Cell)。ヒト皮膚によるin vitroでの経皮的浸透性試験は、ヒト皮膚が入手できないため制限されている。イヤーピッグ皮膚が、化学物質の経皮的吸収の評価におけるヒト皮膚に最も近いモデルとして用いられる、ことが文献では主に記載されている。
試験期間及び経皮的流速(mcg/sqcm/時間)で浸透した薬物の総量(mcg/cm2)を各試験について測定した。
In vitro浸透性試験の完了後に、前に説明した様々な区分について活性化合物の分布を評価した。本明細書に開示の発明を適用する浸透性実験における改善、及び衣服又は同伴者への転移の可能性のある薬物量を最小限にする改良を証明するために、本発明の手段を使用する実施例のin vitro浸透性試験及び薬物生物学的分布試験を、本発明を使用しない実施例と比較した。本明細書に開示の発明を適用して得られた結果を証明するのが目的だった。薬物の生物学的分布試験をin vitroで実施することにより、これは、製剤が「in vivo」で使用される場合に、他の表面又は同伴者に移る又は転移する可能性のある皮表上に残る薬物量を評価するものである。
以下記載の実施例の定性-定量製剤に関しては、上記の「実施例」を参照。
各々、一定濃度のジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル(5 % w/w)及び変動する濃度のプロピレングリコール(6、15又は30 % w/w)を含む、3種の製剤を調製し、24時間後の薬物浸透性及び薬物生物学的分布を比較した;上記実施例3、5及び9。浸透性試験の結果を以下の表IIIに示す。
1つの単一の水性アルコールゲル製剤(製剤A)及び本発明を含む2つのゲル製剤(製剤B及びC)の浸透性の結果を比べるために、試験を行った。3つの製剤は全て、セレギリン塩酸塩を1 % w/w(0.84 % w/wセレギリン基剤に対応)で含んだ。各製剤A、B及びCの成分を以下に示す。
1つの単一の水性アルコールゲル製剤(製剤A)及び本発明を含む2つのゲル製剤(製剤B及びC)の浸透性の結果を比較するために、試験を行った。3つの製剤は全て、フェンタニルを1 % w/wで含んだ。製剤A、B及びCの各々の成分は以下に示す。
異なった比でのかつ更に浸透エンハンサー(例えば、先の実施例35に開示のラウリルアルコール)を存在又は非存在下で、1つの単一水性アルコールゲル製剤(製剤A、先の実施例35に開示の製剤Aと同一)及び本発明を含む2つのゲル製剤(製剤B及びC)の浸透性結果を比較するために、試験を行った。3つの製剤は全て、フェンタニルを1 % w/wで含んだ。各製剤A、B及びCの成分を以下に示す。
異なった比でかつ浸透性エンハンサー(ミリスチルアルコール)の存在又は非存在下で、1つの単一の水性アルコール製剤(製剤A)及び本発明を含む2つのゲル製剤(製剤B及びC)の浸透結果を比較するために、試験を行った。3つの製剤は全て、2.74 % w/w ブスピロン基剤に対応するブスピロン塩酸塩を3 % w/wで含んだ。各製剤A、B及びCの成分を以下に示す。
本発明について薬物結晶化速度に関する試験も実施し、本発明の新規製剤を新規の特定の比で有さない製剤と比べた。目的は、in vitroでの浸透性及び生物学的分布結果により、本発明の新規製剤の結晶化速度(「遅い」又は「速い」結晶化速度)間の関係を確立することであり、それにより、製剤の同伴者/表面への転移の可能性(「低い」又は「高い」可能性)を決定することである。
テストステロン製剤の結晶化速度に関する比較試験を行った。すなわち、本発明のテストステロン製剤の結晶化速度を、本発明を含まない他のテストステロン製剤と比較した。この点に関し、製剤(液剤又は半固体剤)をカバーガラス上に広げ、結晶形成の発生を顕微鏡下で観察した。
グラスカバーへのゲル製剤の適用の10分後に実施例Aでは結晶化が観察された。同様に、結晶化は実施例Bでも10分以内に観察された。従って、実施例A、ANDROGEL(登録商標)と、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル及びプロピレングリコールを1:1.2の重量比で含む実施例Bのゲル製剤とには、結晶化速度に大きな差異は観察されなかった。
Claims (45)
- 経皮的又は経粘膜的医薬製剤であって、
少なくとも1つの活性薬剤;及び
当該少なくとも1つの活性薬剤を溶解するために十分な量で存在する溶媒系
を含み、そして、当該溶媒系が以下:
(i)溶媒系の約1重量%〜30重量%の量で存在する、薬学的に許容されるジエチレングリコールのモノアルキルエーテル:
(ii)溶媒系の約1重量%〜30重量%の量で存在する、薬学的に許容されるグリコール、ここで、当該ジエチレングリコールのモノアルキルエーテルとグリコールとは、10:1〜2:1又は1:2〜1:10の重量比で存在する;並びに
(iii)溶媒系の約40 %〜98 %の量で存在するC2〜C4アルコール及び水の混合物、ここで、C2〜C4アルコールは当該混合物の約5 %〜80 %の量で存在し、かつ水は当該混合物の約20 %〜95 %の量で存在する、
を含むことを特徴とし、
その結果、同一の成分を異なった量及び比で含む製剤と比べて、当該溶媒系は、
(a) 哺乳動物の皮表又は粘膜表面上への、当該少なくとも1つの活性成分の結晶化を阻害し、
(b)当該製剤の衣類又は他の人への転移を減少させ又は防止し、
(c)異なった皮膚層内での当該少なくとも1つの活性薬剤の生物学的分布を調整し、
(d)哺乳動物の皮表又は粘膜表面による当該少なくとも1つの活性薬剤の吸収を促進し、又は
(e)(a)〜(d)の1以上の組み合わせを提供する、
前記医薬製剤。 - 前記ジエチレングリコールのモノアルキルエーテルとグリコールとがが、10:1〜2:1の重量比で存在する、請求項1記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記ジエチレングリコールのモノアルキルエーテルとグリコールとが、1:2〜1:10の重量比で存在する、請求項1記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記ジエチレングリコールのモノアルキルエーテルが、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル及びジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル又はそれらの混合物からなる群より選ばれる、請求項1記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記グリコールが、プロピレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール又はそれらの混合物からなる群より選ばれる、請求項1記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記グリコールが、皮膚デポを形成するジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルの能力を調整する、請求項1記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記C2〜C4アルコールが、エタノール、プロパノール、イソプロパノール、1-ブタノール、2-ブタノール、又はそれらの混合物からなる群より選ばれる、請求項1記載の医薬製剤。
- 哺乳動物の皮表又は粘膜表面を介する前記活性薬剤の浸透性を向上させるために十分な量で存在する浸透エンハンサーを更に含む、請求項1記載の医薬製剤。
- 全製剤の約0.5〜2重量%の量で存在するラウリルアルコール又はミリスチルアルコールを更に含む、請求項1記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記少なくとも1つの活性成分がホルモン又は抗ホルモン剤を含む、請求項1記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記ホルモン又は抗ホルモン剤が、エストロゲン、アンドロゲン、プロゲストゲン、抗エストロゲン、抗アンドロゲン又は抗プロゲストゲンである、請求項10記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記エストロゲンが、コルポルモン、複合化卵胞ホルモン、エキレニン、エキリン、エストロン、エチニルエストラジオール、安息香酸エストラジオール、メストラノール、モキセストロール、マイタトリエンジオール、キネストラジオール及びキネストロールからなる群より選ばれ;並びに、アンドロゲンが、クロキソテストステロン、フルオキシメステロン、メスタノロン、メステロノロン、17-メチルテストステロン、17-α-メチルテストステロン、3-シクロペンチルエノールエーテル、ノルエタンドロロン、ノルメタンドロン、オキサンドロロン、オキシメステロン、オキシメトロン、プラステロン、スタノロン、スタノロゾール、テストステロン及びチオメステロンからなる群より選ばれる、請求項11記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記少なくとも1つの活性成分が、交感神経作用薬、交感神経遮断薬、副交感神経作用薬、副交感神経遮断薬、神経節遮断薬、局所麻酔薬、筋弛緩薬(myorelaxants)、抗高血圧薬、利尿薬、強心薬、抗不整脈薬、抗狭心症薬、脳及び末梢血管拡張薬、抗偏頭痛薬、抗ヒスタミン薬、抗喘息薬、血栓溶解剤、一般的麻酔剤、抗不安薬、抗鬱薬、神経安定薬、抗痙攣薬、視床下部下垂体調節因子、甲状腺機能低下薬及び甲状腺機能亢進薬、コルチコステロイド、血糖調節因子、脂質低下薬、リン酸カルシウム代謝調節因子、解熱剤、抗炎症薬、制酸剤、抗胃酸分泌薬、下剤、胃粘膜保護因子、胃運動調節因子(gastric motricity modulators)、胆汁酸塩吸着薬、キレート化剤、胆石溶解剤、抗貧血薬、皮膚疾患薬、駆虫剤、抗生物質、ペニシリン、セファロスポリン、アミノシド、ポリペプチド、スルファミド、ジアミノピリミジン、テトラサイクリン、クロラムフェニコール、チアンフェニコール、マクロライド、バンコマイシン、テイコプラニン、リファンピシン、フシジン酸、5-ニトロ-イミダゾール、リンコスアミド、キノロン、抗腫瘍薬、抗ウイルス薬及び抗菌薬からなる群より選ばれる治療剤である、請求項1記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記活性成分が、抗パーキンソン薬、抗アルツハイマー薬又は鎮痛薬である、請求項1記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記抗パーキンソン薬が、セレギリン、トリへキシフェニジル、トロパテピオン、ビペイデン、プロシクリジン、ベンザトロピン、オルフェナドリン、ボルナプリン、メチキセンもしくはレボドパ、又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩からなる群より選ばれる、請求項14記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記抗パーキンソン薬が、デカルボキシラーゼ・インヒビターとの組み合わせである、請求項14記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記抗アルツハイマー薬が、ガランタミン、リバスチグミン、ドネゼピル、タクリンもしくはメマンチン、又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩である、請求項14記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記鎮痛薬がオピオイド鎮痛薬であり、そして更に、当該オピオイド鎮痛薬がフェンタニル、アルフェンタニル、サフェンタニル、又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩である、請求項14記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記少なくとも1つの活性成分がテストステロンであり、前記ジエチレングリコールのモノアルキルエーテルとグリコールとが1:4の重量比で存在し、かつ、前記ジエチレングリコールのモノアルキルエーテルとグリコールとが組み合わされて、全製剤の少なくとも15重量%の量で存在する、請求項11記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記少なくも1つの活性剤がセレギリン又はその薬学的に許容される塩であり、かつ、前記ジエチレングリコールのモノアルキルエーテルとグリコールとが1:2〜1:10の重量比で存在する、請求項14記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記少なくとも1つの活性剤が、フェンタニル又はその薬学的に許容される塩であり、かつ、前記ジエチレングリコールのモノアルキルエーテルが、ジチレングリコールのモノエチルエーテルであり、前記グリコールがプロピレングリコールであり、1:2〜1:10の重量比で存在する、請求項18記載の医薬製剤。
- ゲル化剤、浸透エンハンサー、保存料、抗酸化剤、緩衝剤、湿潤剤、金属イオン封鎖剤、保湿剤、界面活性剤、皮膚軟化薬、及びそれらの任意の組み合わせからなる群より選ばれる薬剤を更に含む、請求項1記載の医薬製剤。
- 経皮的又は経粘膜的医薬製剤における活性剤の結晶化を遅らせる又は阻害する方法であって、当該製剤が、少なくとも1つの活性剤及び溶媒系を含み、かつ、当該溶媒系が、薬学的に許容されるジエチレングリコールのモノアルキルエーテル及びグリコールを10:1〜2:1又は1:2〜1:10の重量比で含むことを特徴とする、前記方法。
- 前記ジエチレングリコールのモノアルキルエーテル及びグリコールが10:1〜2:1の比で存在する、請求項23記載の方法。
- 前記ジエチレングリコールのモノアルキルエーテル及びグリコールが約1:2〜1:10の量で存在する、請求項23記載の方法。
- 前記ジエチレングリコールのモノアルキルエーテル及びグリコールが組み合わされて、前記製剤の少なくとも15 %、及び60 %にすぎない量で存在する、請求項23記載の方法。
- 前記溶媒系がC2〜C4アルコールと水との混合物を更に含み、当該混合物が前記溶媒系の40 %〜98 %の量で存在する、請求項13記載の方法。
- 前記C2〜C4アルコールが前記混合物の5 %〜80 %の量で存在し、かつ前記水が前記混合物の20 %〜95 %の量で存在する、請求項23記載の方法。
- 前記活性剤の結晶化の減少又は阻害が、前記活性剤が適用される皮表又は粘膜表面を介する活性剤の吸収を促進又は増加させるために十分である、請求項23記載の方法。
- 前記ジエチレングリコールのモノアルキルエーテルが、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル及びジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル又はそれらの混合物からなる群より選ばれる、請求項23記載の方法。
- 前記グリコールが、プロピレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール又はそれらの混合物からなる群より選ばれる、請求項23記載の方法。
- 哺乳動物の皮表又は粘膜表面を介する前記活性剤の浸透性を向上させるために十分な量で存在する浸透エンハンサーを提供することを更に含む、請求項23記載の方法。
- 前記製剤が、全製剤の0.5〜2重量%の量で存在するラウリルアルコール又はミリスチルアリコールを更に含む、請求項23記載の方法。
- C2〜C4アルコールが、エタノール、プロパノール、イソプロパノール、1-ブタノール、2-ブタノール又はそれらの混合物からなる群より選ばれる、請求項23記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つの活性成分が、交感神経作用薬、交感神経遮断薬、副交感神経作用薬、副交感神経遮断薬、神経節遮断薬、筋弛緩薬(myorelaxants)、抗高血圧薬、利尿薬、強心薬、抗不整脈薬、抗狭心症薬、脳及び末梢血管拡張薬、抗偏頭痛薬、抗ヒスタミン薬、抗喘息薬、血栓溶解剤、一般的麻酔剤、抗不安薬、抗鬱薬、神経安定薬、抗痙攣薬、視床下部下垂体調節因子、甲状腺機能低下薬及び甲状腺機能亢進薬、コルチコステロイド、血糖調節因子、脂質低下薬、リン酸カルシウム代謝調節因子、解熱剤、抗炎症薬、制酸剤、抗胃酸分泌薬、下剤、胃粘膜保護因子、胃運動調節因子(gastric motricity modulators)、胆汁酸塩吸着薬、キレート化剤、胆石溶解剤、抗貧血薬、皮膚疾患薬、駆虫剤、抗生物質、ペニシリン、セファロスポリン、アミノシド、ポリペプチド、スルファミド、ジアミノピリミジン、テトラサイクリン、クロラムフェニコール、チアンフェニコール、マクロライド、バンコマイシン、テイコプラニン、リファンピシン、フシジン酸、5-ニトロ-イミダゾール、リンコスアミド、キノロン、抗腫瘍薬、抗ウイルス薬及び抗菌薬を含む群より選ばれる、請求項23記載の医薬製剤。
- 前記少なくとも1つの活性成分が、ホルモン又は抗モルモン剤である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記ホルモン又は抗モルモン剤が、エストロゲン、アンドロゲン、プロゲストゲン、抗エストロゲン、抗アンドロゲン又は抗プロゲストゲンである、請求項36記載の方法。
- 前記活性剤が、抗パーキンソン薬、抗アルツハイマー薬又は鎮痛薬である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記抗パーキンソン薬が、セレギリン、トリへキシフェニジル、トロパテピオン、ビペイデン、プロシクリジン、ベンザトロピン、オルフェナドリン、ボルナプリン、メチキセンもしくはレボドパ、又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩からなる群より選ばれる、請求項38記載の方法。
- 前記抗パーキンソン薬が、デカルボキシラーゼ・インヒビターとの組み合わせである、請求項38記載の方法。
- 前記抗アルツハイマー薬が、ガランタミン、リバスチグミン、ドネゼピル、タクリンもしくはメマンチン、又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩である、請求項38記載の方法。
- 前記鎮痛薬がオピオイド鎮痛薬であり、そして更に、当該オピオイド鎮痛薬がフェンタニル、アルフェンタニル、サフェンタニル、又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩である、請求項38記載の方法。
- 前記活性剤がフェンタニルであり、かつ、前記ジエチレングリコールのモノアルキルエーテルがジエチレングリコールのモノエチルエーテルであり、前記グリコールがプロピレングリコールであり、1:2〜1:10の重量比で存在する、請求項42記載の方法。
- 前記活性剤がセレギリン塩酸塩であり、かつ、前記ジエチレングリコールのモノアルキルエーテルとグリコールとが1:2〜1:10の重量比で存在する、請求項39記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つの活性剤がテストステロンであり、前記ジエチレングリコールのモノアルキルエーテルとグリコールとが1:4の重量比で存在し、かつ、前記ジエチレングリコールのモノアルキルエーテルとグリコールとが組み合わされて、全製剤の少なくとも15重量%の量で存在する、請求項37記載の方法。
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NZ546106A (en) | 2008-10-31 |
ZA200602046B (en) | 2007-06-27 |
WO2005039531A1 (en) | 2005-05-06 |
EP1670433B1 (en) | 2011-11-23 |
ES2377932T3 (es) | 2012-04-03 |
MX343811B (es) | 2016-11-24 |
DK1670433T3 (da) | 2012-03-12 |
BRPI0414551A8 (pt) | 2017-04-11 |
JP5619337B2 (ja) | 2014-11-05 |
US8980309B2 (en) | 2015-03-17 |
AU2004283431B2 (en) | 2009-09-10 |
EP1670433A1 (en) | 2006-06-21 |
MXPA06003316A (es) | 2006-06-08 |
BRPI0414551A (pt) | 2006-10-31 |
US20110257141A1 (en) | 2011-10-20 |
PL1670433T3 (pl) | 2013-03-29 |
ATE534373T1 (de) | 2011-12-15 |
US20060153905A1 (en) | 2006-07-13 |
US7335379B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 |
AU2004283431A1 (en) | 2005-05-06 |
PT1670433E (pt) | 2012-02-08 |
CA2538856A1 (en) | 2005-05-06 |
BRPI0414551B8 (pt) | 2021-05-25 |
US20090069364A1 (en) | 2009-03-12 |
BRPI0414551B1 (pt) | 2020-08-18 |
CA2538856C (en) | 2010-06-29 |
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