JP2006341364A - Internal tooth shaving device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an internal tooth shaving device capable of improving machining accuracy without shaving generated during shaving remaining on internal teeth of an internal gear.
SOLUTION: A work chuck 2 and a shaving cutter 3 are supported so as to be able to approach and separate in the vertical direction with the work chuck 2 as an upper side, and supported so as to be relatively movable in the horizontal direction. It is configured to grip the outer peripheral surface of the internal gear with the rotation axis of the internal gear facing up and down so that the shavings generated during processing by the cutter 3 can fall downward from the internal gear. A seat surface 2s ₁ is provided to receive the upper end surface in the axial direction of the internal gear with the rotation axis directed in the vertical direction, and a seat sensor for detecting seating of the internal gear is provided on the seat surface 2s ₁ .
[Selection] Figure 6

Description

  The present invention relates to an internal tooth shaving device.

A conventional internal tooth shaving device is configured to mesh a shaving cutter with an internal gear supported rotatably around a horizontal axis at a predetermined crossing angle, and rotate at least one of the shaving cutter and the work chuck while rotating the tooth surface of the internal gear. Is generally finished (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2003-117729 A

  However, the above-described conventional internal tooth shaving device has a problem in that shavings generated during shaving remain on the internal teeth of the internal gear, which adversely affects machining accuracy. In addition, it is difficult to replace the internal gear, which is a workpiece, and it is difficult to mesh (phase alignment) between the shaving cutter and the internal gear at the time of replacement.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the internal tooth shaving apparatus which can wipe out the said conventional problem.

  In order to achieve the above object, an internal tooth shaving device according to the present invention meshes a shaving cutter and an internal gear held by a work chuck with an intersecting angle, and rotationally drives at least one of the shaving cutter and the work chuck. An internal gear shaving device for finishing a tooth surface of the internal gear while the workpiece chuck and the shaving cutter are supported so as to be able to approach and separate in the vertical direction with the workpiece chuck as an upper side, and in the horizontal direction. The work chuck is arranged so that a shaving generated during processing by a shaving cutter can fall downward from the internal gear with the axis of rotation of the internal gear directed upward and downward. The outer peripheral surface of the internal gear is configured to be gripped, and the rotation axis of the internal gear is Comprising a seating surface for receiving the axial upper end surface of the internal gear toward, characterized in that it comprises a seating sensor for detecting the seating of the internal gear in the seat surface.

  The seating sensor preferably includes a through hole that opens to the seat surface and an air gap sensor that is connected to the through hole.

  A main shaft for rotationally driving the work chuck extends in the vertical direction, the work chuck is a collet chuck, a pull stud for operating the collet chuck is detachably connected to the drive shaft, and the drive shaft is connected to the main shaft. Is disposed so as to penetrate the main shaft in the axial direction of the main shaft and is supported so as to be movable up and down with respect to the main shaft, and the through hole is formed in communication with the pull stud and the drive shaft. Is preferred.

  A spindle for rotationally driving the work chuck extends in the vertical direction, the work chuck is detachably attached to a lower end of the spindle, and further includes a temporary cradle for receiving the work chuck at a position above the shaving cutter. It is preferable.

  The temporary cradle has a cradle body and a leg portion standing on the cradle body, and a shoulder portion for mounting the leg portion is formed on a shaft case of the shaving cutter. Preferably it is.

  According to the internal tooth shaving device of the present invention, the shavings being processed fall downward from the tooth surface of the workpiece and do not remain on the tooth surface, and the workpiece position is accurately determined by the seating sensor when the workpiece is replaced. Since it can be grasped, the machining accuracy can be improved.

  A preferred embodiment of an internal tooth shaving device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In addition, the same code | symbol was attached | subjected to the same component through the whole figure.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the internal-tooth shaving device 1 is such that the work chuck 2 and the shaving cutter 3 are supported so as to be able to approach and separate in the vertical direction with the work chuck 2 on the upper side, and the horizontal movement is relatively performed. Supported as possible.

  In the illustrated example, the work chuck 2 can be driven to rotate about a vertical axis by a spindle motor 4, and is supported together with the spindle motor 4 so as to be movable in the vertical direction by a lifting actuator 5.

  Then, the shaving cutter 3 is swingably supported by a drive unit 35 around a meshing center point so that the shaving cutter 3 meshes with the internal gear held by the work chuck 2 at a crossing angle. Can stop at an angle. Further, the shaving cutter 3 can be moved horizontally in the horizontal direction (Y direction in FIG. 2) by the drive unit 30. In the illustrated example, the shaving cutter 3 rotates with an internal gear that is driven to rotate.

  The work chuck 2 employs a collet chuck that grips the outer peripheral surface of the internal gear with the rotation axis of the internal gear oriented in the vertical direction so that shavings generated during processing by the shaving cutter 3 can fall downward from the internal gear. be able to.

  FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing details of the shaving cutter 3. FIG. 4 shows a swing shaft 31 for swinging the shaving cutter 3, a worm wheel 32 fixed to the rear end of the swing shaft 31, and a worm 33 that meshes with the worm wheel 32.

  Further, FIG. 4 shows a clamp device 34 for fixing the shaving cutter 3 at a desired swing angle. The clamp device 34 includes a hydraulically driven piston 34 a, a piston rod 34 b fixed to the piston 34 a, and a clamper 34 c connected to the tip of the piston rod 34 c, and the clamper 34 c moves the peripheral flange portion 3 a of the shaving cutter 3. After pressing, the shaving cutter 3 can be set to a desired swing angle and then fixed.

  Next, details of the work chuck 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 5, the lifting / lowering actuator 5 is disposed so that the rotation axis of the motor shaft is directed in the vertical direction, and is fixed to the structural frame F. A screw shaft 5b is connected to the rotary shaft 5a of the lifting / lowering actuator 5, and the screw shaft 5b extends in the vertical direction. A nut body 6 is screwed into the screw shaft 5b. The nut body 6 is connected to the support body 7. The support 7 is slidably mounted on a vertical rail 8 (see FIG. 1) provided on the structural frame F.

  A spindle motor 4 and a main shaft 9 are supported on the support 7. The spindle motor 4 and the main shaft 9 have their respective axes oriented in the vertical direction, and are connected by driving with a gear 10. The main shaft 9 is supported by bearings 11, 12 and 13 (FIG. 6) in the support body 7 so as to be rotatable around the axis. As shown in FIG. 6, the work chuck 2 is supported on the main shaft 9.

  When the lifting / lowering actuator 5 is driven, the support body 7 is moved up and down along the screw shaft 5b, whereby the work chuck 2 is moved up and down together with the main shaft 9. When the spindle motor 4 is driven, the main shaft 9 rotates and the work chuck 2 is rotated.

As shown in an enlarged cross-sectional view in FIG. 6, the work chuck 2 has a collet 2 f that grips the outer peripheral surface of the internal gear with the rotation axis of the internal gear that is the work W directed in the vertical direction, and the rotation axis of the work W. And a work stopper 2s provided with a seat surface 2s ₁ (see FIG. 7) for receiving the upper end surface in the axial direction of the work W in the vertical direction.

A seat plate block 2j is fixed to the lower end of the main shaft 9 by a bolt B1. Seat plate block 2j has a cylindrical portion 2j ₁ which is fitted to the lower end recess 9a of the main shaft 9.

  A drive shaft 2 a for driving the collet 2 f is disposed so as to penetrate the inside of the main shaft 9 in the axial direction of the main shaft 9. A pull stud 2p is detachably attached to the lower end of the drive shaft 2a.

Pull stud 2p is inserted into the cylindrical portion 2j ₁ of the seat plate block 2j. A radially extending arm 2b is screwed to the pull stud 2p, and the arm 2b is accommodated in the open space 2js of the seat plate block 2j. In FIG. 6, only an arm extending in one direction is shown for convenience of illustration, but in the embodiment, it extends in three directions at equal angular intervals.

  A guide member 2i having a tapered inner peripheral surface is fixed to the seat plate block 2j by a bolt B2. The work stopper 2s is sandwiched between the seat plate block 2j and the guide member 2i.

A connecting rod 2c is fixed to the arm 2b by a bolt B3. The connecting rod 2c penetrates the guide member 2i. In the guide member 2i, a collet holding ring 2d is connected by a bolt B4. A collet clamping ring 2e is fixed to the collet clamping ring 2d by a bolt B5. These clamping ring 2d, the flange portion 2f ₁ of the collet 2f during 2e is held.

  The collet 2f has a slit (not shown) and a tapered outer surface guided by the tapered inner peripheral surface of the guide member 2i. Therefore, when the drive shaft 2a is pulled upward in the drawing, the tapered outer peripheral surface of the collet 2f is guided by the tapered inner peripheral surface of the guide member 2i, and the collet 2f is radially reduced in diameter by elastic deformation. The outer peripheral surface of the internal gear is tightened and clamped. In addition, in FIG. 6, the code | symbol P shows a coolant supply pipe | tube and is supported by the axial case of the shaving cutter 3 outside a figure.

Pull stud 2p connected to the lower end of the drive shaft 2a is sliding is freely fitted into the fitting hole 2s ₂ formed on the workpiece stopper 2s, it is kept airtight by the seal ring 14.

A through hole 15 communicating with the fitting hole 2s ₂ opens in the seating surface 2s ₁ of the work stopper 2s (see FIG. 7). In the pull stud 2p, a through hole 16 communicating with the through hole 15 is formed so as to penetrate the center axis position of the pull stud 2p. A through hole 17 communicating with the through hole 16 is formed in the drive shaft 2a so as to penetrate the axial position of the drive shaft 2a.

  A rotary joint 18 is attached to the upper end of the drive shaft 2a. In the rotary joint 18, an upper joint 19 and a lower joint 20 are connected by a bolt B6.

The upper joint 19 includes a port 21 that communicates with the through hole 17. An air gap sensor (not shown) is connected to the port 21 via a flexible tube (not shown). A known air gap sensor can be used. Generally, it is combined with a regulator, controller, etc., and an analog input signal is converted into air, air of a predetermined pressure is sent, and a pressure sensor for detecting secondary pressure is built in. ing. Air that has been pumped into the port 21 is sent to the air flow path constituted by through holes 17,16,15, reaches into the opening of the seat surface 2s _1. If internal gear as a work W is long in close contact with the seating surface 2s ₁ of the workpiece stopper 2s, air does not leak from the hole 15. Therefore, in such a case, because there is no pressure reduction, the pressure sensor detects it, the internal gear as a work W is in close contact with the seating surface 2s ₁ of the workpiece stopper 2s, i.e., seated Can be detected.

Referring to FIG. 7, the opening of the seat surface 2s ₁ preferably has at least three positions or more openings at equal angular intervals. Thereby, even if the work held by the work chuck 2 is inclined, the air gap sensor can detect the presence of the inclination.

Incidentally, the seat sensor is not limited to the air gap sensor, an electrical probe, pressure-sensitive sensor, other sensors may be configured by arranging the seating face 2s _1.

  The lower joint 20 includes hydraulic oil ports 22 and 23 (FIG. 8). A piston 24 is fixed to the drive shaft 2a. The piston 24 is accommodated in a piston chamber 25, and the piston chamber 25 is screwed to a gear holder 26 fixed to the main shaft 9 via a gear 10, as shown in FIG. Therefore, the piston chamber 25 does not move up and down with respect to the support 7 and rotates together with the main shaft 9.

As shown in FIG. 6, hydraulic oil chambers 25 a and 25 b that are vertically partitioned by the piston 24 are formed in the piston chamber 25. The hydraulic oil ports 22 and 23 communicate with the hydraulic oil chambers 25a and 25b, respectively. In the illustrated example, the drive shaft 2a, the upper shaft portion 2a ₁ of the piston 24 and the rotary joint 18 is attached, is screwed to the lower shaft portion 2a _2.

  When hydraulic oil is supplied to the lower hydraulic oil chamber 25b in FIG. 6 and discharged from the upper hydraulic oil chamber 25a, the piston 24 is pushed upward in FIG. 6, thereby pulling up the drive shaft 2a, The collet 2f tightens the workpiece W. In the opposite case, the collet 2f is expanded, and the workpiece W held can be removed.

  The position of the vertical movement of the drive shaft 2 a is detected by the sensors 27 and 28. The sensors 27 and 28 can employ proximity switches. The sensors 27 and 28 are fixed to a plate 29 erected on the cover casing 7 a of the support 7. The sensors 27 and 28 detect a pair of upper and lower convex portions 20 a and 20 b formed on the outer peripheral surface of the lower joint 20.

  The plate 29 includes a projecting piece 29a slidably engaged with a longitudinal groove 20c (see FIG. 8) formed in the lower joint 20. Therefore, the rotary joint 18 is restricted from rotating around the axis by the protrusion 29a, but is allowed to move in the vertical direction.

  A protrusion 25p is formed on the side of the casing forming the piston chamber 25. The sensor 50 fixed to the plate 29 detects this protrusion 25p. The sensor 50 detects the original position (0 angle position) related to the rotation angle of the main shaft 9 by the protrusion 25p. It is necessary to detect the original position of the main shaft 9 in order to phase the teeth of the internal gear that is the workpiece W and the teeth of the shaving cutter 3.

  The internal-tooth shaving device 1 having the above-described configuration causes the shaving cutter 3 to oscillate to have a predetermined crossing angle with the internal gear as the work W gripped by the work chuck 2, and to move the work chuck 2 in the vertical direction and to perform shaving. Shaving such as conventional processing is performed by moving the cutter 3 in the horizontal direction.

  During machining, the internal gear that is a workpiece has an opening formed by the tooth surface facing downward, and the shavings being machined fall downward, so that no shavings remain on the internal teeth. Accordingly, the processing accuracy is improved. The shavings are collected in a dust box (not shown) through a shooter (not shown).

  Furthermore, since the seating sensor detects that the internal gear is at a predetermined position, it contributes to the phase alignment accuracy between the internal gear and the shaving cutter 3. Further, the air gap sensor can blow off dust from the internal gear by blowing air.

  The internal tooth shaving device 1 includes a work transfer unit that loads an internal gear into a work exchange position located between the work chuck 2 and the shaving cutter 3 and carries out the internal gear from the work exchange position. The workpiece transfer unit has a workpiece carry-in arm 41 and a workpiece carry-out arm 42.

  The workpiece loading arm 41 is supported so as to be swingable around a first swing axis 41 a parallel to the rotation axis of the work chuck 2, and a workpiece replacement position Yc positioned on the vertical movement path of the work chuck 2. It swings between a workpiece insertion position Yin separated from the workpiece replacement position to the front right side.

  The workpiece carry-out arm 42 is supported so as to be swingable around a second swing axis 42a parallel to the rotation axis of the work chuck 2, and is separated from the workpiece replacement position Yc and the workpiece replacement position Yc to the left on the near side. Swings between the workpiece take-out position Yout.

  The workpiece carry-in arm 41 supports the internal gear with its axis of rotation directed in the vertical direction so that the work chuck 2 can grip the internal gear on the workpiece carry-in arm 41 from above.

  The work carry-in arm 41 can include an indexing element for an internal gear that is the work W. The indexing element can be constituted by a positioning pin, a proximity sensor or the like.

  Workpiece replacement and machining are performed as follows. First, when a workpiece is placed at the workpiece loading position Yin, the workpiece loading arm 41 swings to the workpiece replacement position and loads the workpiece. Next, when the workpiece chuck 2 is lowered to grip the workpiece on the workpiece loading arm 41 and is raised, the workpiece loading arm 41 swings and returns to the workpiece loading position. The work chuck 2 is lowered again to engage the work with the shaving cutter 3. The shaving cutter 3 swings around the horizontal axis so as to make a desired crossing angle with the workpiece. When the workpiece chuck 2 forcibly rotates the workpiece, the shaving cutter 3 rotates with the workpiece, and finishing processing is performed by combining the vertical movement of the workpiece chuck 2 and the horizontal movement of the shaving cutter 3. When the work chuck 2 is lifted and separated from the shaving cutter 3 after the finishing process is completed, the work unloading arm 42 swings to the work exchange position Yc located between the distances to prepare for receiving the processed work. To do. When the work chuck 2 descends and passes the processed workpiece to the workpiece unloading arm 42, the workpiece unloading arm 42 swings and unloads the processed workpiece from the workpiece replacement position Yc to the workpiece unloading position Yout.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the main body of the work chuck 2 can be separated from the drive shaft 2a by removing the pull stud 2p from the drive shaft 2a. The main body of the work chuck 2 is replaced in accordance with the type of internal gear that is a work (those with different diameters).

  In order to facilitate replacement of the main body of the work chuck 2, it is preferable to prepare a temporary support 60 for receiving the main body of the work chuck 2 at a position above the shaving cutter 3.

  The temporary cradle 60 includes a cradle body 61 and four leg portions 62 erected on the cradle body 61. As shown in FIG. 9, a shoulder portion 3 b for placing the leg portion 62 is formed in the shaft case of the shaving cutter 3.

  When exchanging the main body of the work chuck 2, the bolt B1 shown in FIG. 6 is removed and separated from the main shaft 9 in advance. The bolt B1 is formed with a through hole (not shown) in each member so that it can be removed without removing the guide member 2j and the collet holding rings 2d, 2e. The swing angle of the shaving cutter 3 is set to 0, and the receiving surface of the receiving body 61 of the temporary receiving table 60 is kept horizontal.

  Then, the support body 7 is moved downward to maintain the rotation axis of the work chuck 2 main body in substantially the same state as the axis of the main shaft 9, and the lower end surface of the work chuck 2 main body is brought close to the temporary cradle main body 61.

Then, the drive shaft 2a, as shown in FIG. 9, by extruding until the ball 2a ₁ which locks the pull stud 2p is located in the expanded diameter hole 17a, the pull stud 2p is the drive shaft 2a body It is pulled out from.

  And if the support body 7 is raised, it will be mounted in the main body temporary receiving stand 60 of the workpiece chuck 2. FIG. The temporary support base 60 on which the main body of the work chuck 2 is placed is removed from the shaving cutter 3 and the temporary support base on which another work chuck main body is placed is placed on the shoulder 3b of the shaving cutter 3, and the procedure described above is performed. By following the reverse procedure, the main body of the work chuck 2 can be replaced with the drive shaft 2a and the main shaft 9.

  In the above-described embodiment, the workpiece chuck is moved up and down for exchanging the workpiece. However, the workpiece conveyance unit may be configured to move up and down. Moreover, the workpiece conveyance part is not limited to the one in the above embodiment, and other known means that can convey the workpiece can be adopted.

  In the above embodiment, the shaving cutter is swingable, but the work chuck can also be configured to be swingable. Further, instead of forcibly driving the workpiece, the shaving cutter may be forcibly driven, or both the shaving cutter and the workpiece can be forcibly driven.

  Furthermore, although the collet chuck is shown as the work chuck in the above embodiment, a seating sensor can be provided even with a gripping means such as a drill chuck.

It is a front view which shows 1st Embodiment of the internal-tooth shaving apparatus which concerns on this invention, and is equivalent to the II view of FIG. It is a side view of the internal-tooth shaving apparatus shown in FIG. It is a top view equivalent to the III-III view of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the internal structure of the shaving cutter which is a component of the internal-tooth shaving apparatus shown in FIG. It is an expanded longitudinal cross-sectional view which follows the VV line | wire of FIG. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which abbreviate | omitted a part of FIG. 5 and expanded. FIG. 7 is an enlarged perspective view showing the work stopper shown in FIG. 6, which is a component of the present invention. It is the top view which expanded FIG. 3 further. It is sectional drawing which shows the isolation | separation body of the work chuck | zipper which is a component of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Internal tooth | gear shaving apparatus 2 Work chuck 2a Drive shaft 2p Pull stud 2s Work stopper 2s ₁ Seat surface 3 Shaving cutter 3b Shoulder part 9 Main shaft 15, 16, 17 Through-hole 60 Temporary stand 61 Temporary stand main body 62 Leg part

Claims (5)

An internal tooth shaving device that meshes a shaving cutter and an internal gear held by a work chuck with an intersecting angle, and finishes the tooth surface of the internal gear while rotating at least one of the shaving cutter and the work chuck. There,
The work chuck and the shaving cutter are supported so as to be able to approach and separate in the vertical direction with the work chuck as an upper side, and supported so as to be relatively movable in the horizontal direction.
The work chuck is configured to grip the outer peripheral surface of the internal gear with the axis of rotation of the internal gear directed in the vertical direction so that shavings generated during processing by the shaving cutter can fall downward from the internal gear. And a seating surface for receiving the upper end surface in the axial direction of the internal gear with the rotation axis of the internal gear directed in the vertical direction,
An internal tooth shaving device comprising a seating sensor for detecting seating of the internal gear on the seating surface. The internal tooth shaving device according to claim 1, wherein the seating sensor includes a through hole that opens to the seating surface, and an air gap sensor that is connected to the through hole. A main shaft for rotationally driving the work chuck extends in the vertical direction, the work chuck is a collet chuck, a pull stud for operating the collet chuck is detachably connected to the drive shaft, and the drive shaft is connected to the main shaft. Is disposed so as to penetrate the main shaft in the axial direction of the main shaft and is supported so as to be movable up and down with respect to the main shaft, and the through hole is formed in communication with the pull stud and the drive shaft. The internal tooth shaving device according to claim 2. A spindle for rotationally driving the work chuck extends in the vertical direction, the work chuck is detachably attached to a lower end of the spindle, and further includes a temporary cradle for receiving the work chuck at a position above the shaving cutter. The internal tooth shaving device according to claim 1. The temporary cradle has a cradle body and a leg portion standing on the cradle body, and a shoulder portion for mounting the leg portion is formed on a shaft case of the shaving cutter. The internal tooth shaving device according to claim 4, wherein:

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