JP2006094826A - Greening method on artificial foundation, greened structure and binding structure of water retention drainage base material and ending material to be used for the greening method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a greening method on an artificial foundation easy to fit on a space to be set with a greening system and easy to set up, and to provide a greened structure. <P>SOLUTION: This greening method comprises joining a water retention drainage base material 10 having a recessed part 12 for water retention through fitting to a space to be greened on an artificial foundation 1, fastening ending materials 20 and 20A projecting upwardly along the periphery of the water retention drainage base material situated in the joined peripheral part so that part of the bottom thereof touches the artificial foundation and the other part is fixedly situated on the water retention drainage base, surrounding the periphery of the water retention drainage base material, and planting plants in space divided with the water retention drainage base material and the ending material. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention is, for example, a method of placing a water retention drainage base material for vegetation on an artificial ground such as a factory or a general house, or on a terrace, and using it to green the artificial ground, The present invention relates to a greening structure and a combined structure of a water retention drainage base material and a parting material used therefor.

  In recent years, as a part of urban greening or as a countermeasure for the heat island phenomenon, artificially created planes that are not natural soil surfaces, such as on the roofs of factories and ordinary houses, or terraces, etc. In the present invention, the soil is laid on an artificial ground) and plants are cultivated there. In artificial ground, it is difficult to ensure the water retention and drainage necessary for plant growth at the same time, and it is not easy to maintain and manage the soil on top of it in a state suitable for vegetation.

  Conventionally, as a soil holding device used for planting on artificial ground such as rooftops, balconies, and atriums of buildings, holding soil for planting described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-80126) There is a device. This plant-holding device for planting is constructed by stacking plastic hollow blocks in vertical and horizontal directions to form a wall by stacking them in a predetermined shape, and holding and draining water on the inner bottom surrounded by the wall The water conveyance means is provided, and a water-permeable sheet is laid on top of the water conveyance means. The plastic hollow block includes a base block fixed to the installation surface and a wall forming block stacked on the base block. The base block and the wall forming block include a base block and a wall forming block. As the fitting means for connecting the wall forming blocks, a convex portion and a concave portion are provided.

  Moreover, the structure for plant cultivation described in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-360073) is configured to have water retention using a porous material, and is used for plant cultivation laid on a plant cultivation planned site. Similar to the basic structure and the basic structure for plant cultivation, the basic structure for plant cultivation is configured to have water retention using a porous material and protrudes from the plant cultivation surface of the basic structure for plant cultivation. It consists of a projecting member (enclosure block for plant cultivation) attached to the structure.

  Furthermore, the method for forming a system garden described in Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-24053) is a block having a substantially L shape in a side sectional view using a resin foam as a material, which is used for a rooftop garden or a flower bed. The block body has a locking portion formed of any one of a protrusion, a recess, a protrusion, and an inclined surface at a location along or near the top surface of the tip of the bottom plate portion of the block body. A parting material having a drainage groove on the bottom surface, and a retaining frame formed by connecting the side surfaces of the parting material to each other, have a locked portion corresponding to the locking part of the parting material on the side edge. In combination with a plate made of a resin foam having a plurality of water retaining holes and / or small holes for drainage on the upper surface, the adjacent parting materials are pierced by half a narrow metal plate in half. Flowerbed of shape, size and height Linked so that the water retention plate was laid on the flower bed frame is to use to put the soil in the water-holding plate.

JP-A-8-80126 JP 2002-360073 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-24053

  By the way, the space on the rooftop or the like to be greened has a wide variety of shapes, and it is desired to effectively use the maximum space among them for greening. However, the parting material, water retaining plate described in Patent Document 3, these If you use a system garden (flowerbed) with water, you can only use the water retaining plate and parting material within the fixed dimensions, and if you cut and use at any part, the part that fits both will be lost Can not be combined.

  Moreover, although the hollow block of patent document 1 is connected by the fitting means which consists of a convex part and a recessed part, since the direction of a connection corresponds with the direction which receives the earth pressure by filling with soil, a fitting part falls out. There is a problem that it is easy. When it is fixed with a bolt or the like to prevent the fitting portion from coming off, the hollow block is a relatively thin plastic, so that it is bent due to earth pressure. Further, there is a problem in that, for example, when a person gets on the plant cultivation outer block after the connection of Patent Document 2, the lower base block is crushed and deformed.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and the object of the present invention is to easily adapt to the size, shape, etc. of the space where the greening system is to be installed, and the installation is easy. It is to provide a greening method on an artificial ground. In addition, the fixed state of the water retention drainage base material and the parting material as the base is strong, and even if a person gets on the parting material after installation, the water retention drainage base material is less likely to be crushed and disconnected from the ground. It is to provide a method and a greening structure.

  In order to achieve the above object, the greening method on the artificial ground according to the present invention uses a water retention drainage base material having a water retention recess on the artificial ground, and a parting material surrounding the outer periphery of the water retention drainage base material. A greening method for planting a plant, connecting the water retention drainage base material according to the space to be greened, and projecting upward along the outer periphery of the water retention drainage base material located at the connected outer periphery The material is fixed so that a part of its bottom is in contact with the artificial ground and the other part is located on the water retention / drainage base, and surrounds the outer periphery of the water retention / drainage base. It is characterized by planting plants in the created space.

  The greening method on the artificial ground according to the present invention configured as described above is to connect the water retention / drainage base material in the horizontal direction according to the space to be planted, and the water retention / drainage base material located at the outer peripheral portion. The parting material that protrudes upward along the outer periphery is fixed and integrated so that part of its bottom part is in contact with the artificial ground and the other part is located on the water retention drainage base. Since the material is enclosed in a one-sided structure, the parting material is not easily deformed even if a person rides on the parting material, and the parting material is prevented from coming off.

  Moreover, when connecting a parting material, it is preferable to cut | disconnect the water retention drainage base material located in an outer peripheral part in parallel along an outer periphery according to the said space. With this configuration, the water retention / drainage base material is connected to the space where the plant is to be planted, the water retention / drainage base material is cut vertically and horizontally to fit within the space, and the outside of the cut water retention / drainage base material is removed. By fixing the parting material along the periphery, it is possible to form the base part of the greening structure surrounded by the parting material around the outer periphery of the water retention drainage base material, and in the space defined by this base part You can plant plants with

  Moreover, as a preferable specific aspect of the greening method on the artificial ground according to the present invention, the parting material has an engaging protrusion formed on the lower surface of the other part, and the engaging protrusion is formed as a water retention drainage. It is characterized by being fixed by fitting into the water retaining recess of the base material. You may fit directly in the water retention recessed part, and you may fit between the projection parts which protruded from the water retention recessed part. According to this configuration, the engagement protrusion formed on the bottom surface of the bottom surface of the parting material is fitted into the water retention recess of the water retention drainage base material placed on the artificial ground. It can be connected and fixed, and the fixed state can be stabilized and the construction time can be shortened.

  Furthermore, as another preferable specific aspect of the greening method on the artificial ground according to the present invention, a raising material is connected to an upper portion of the parting material, and the parting material and the raising material penetrate in the vertical direction communicating with each other. It is characterized in that a connecting tool penetrating in the vertical direction is inserted into and coupled to the through hole. According to this configuration, the raising material is coupled to the upper part of the parting material, but the coupling state can be further strengthened by inserting, for example, a shaft-shaped coupling tool through the through hole communicating in the vertical direction. Even when a person steps on and a large load acts on the parting material, it is possible to prevent the coupled state from being released.

  Further, the greening structure according to the present invention includes a large number of water retention drainage base materials that are connected and arranged on the artificial ground and have a water retention concave portion on the upper surface, and a water retention drainage base material located on the outer periphery of the water retention drainage base material. It has a parting material that is raised so as to protrude upward along the outer periphery, a part of its bottom is in contact with the artificial ground, and the other part is positioned on the water retention drainage base. It is characterized by planting plants in a space defined by drainage base materials and parting materials.

  The greening structure configured as described above is such that the parting material is raised in a protruding state along the outer periphery of the water retention drainage base material placed and connected on the artificial ground. However, since the other part of the bottom face is positioned and fixed on the water retention / drainage base material, the fixed state is stable and does not come off even if an unexpected force is applied. Moreover, since the part to be greened is surrounded by the parting material, the plants and the like are prevented from protruding to the outside, and the outline is orderly and the appearance is improved.

  As a preferable specific aspect of the greening structure according to the present invention, the parting material has an engaging protrusion formed on the other part of the bottom surface located on the water retention drainage base, and the engagement protrusion is the water retention drainage base. It is characterized by being fitted and fixed in a water retaining recess on the material. According to this configuration, the parting material is fitted and fixed to the water retention concave portion of the water retention / drainage base material, and the fixed state is stably prevented from being detached. Moreover, fixing work is easy and construction time can be shortened.

  Further, the parting material is provided with a connecting part at the upper part, and it is preferable to connect the raising material to the upper part of the parting material using the connecting part, the parting material is provided with a connecting hole penetrating in the vertical direction, It is preferable that the raising member includes a through hole communicating with the connection hole, and the parting material and the raising material are coupled by inserting a connecting tool continuously between the connection hole and the through hole. If comprised in this way, the quantity of the soil of a greening structure can be increased easily, and plants, such as a big tree, can be planted easily. And the coupling state of the raising material and the parting material can be strengthened by inserting a connector.

  The water retention / drainage base material, the parting material and the raising material are preferably formed of a foamed resin material, and a foamed polystyrene resin is particularly suitable. According to this structure, the greening structure excellent in intensity | strength and easy to construct can be produced using a lightweight water retention drainage base material, a parting material, and a raising material.

  Further, in the above greening structure, a raised material is formed in the middle portion of the space defined by the connected water retention drainage base material and the parting material, and the engagement protrusion formed on the lower surface thereof is used as the water retention recess. The defined space can be divided by fitting and fixing. If comprised in this way, a different plant can be planted for every divided space, for example, and a greening structure with a different taste can be produced.

  The combined structure of the water retention drainage base material and the parting material according to the present invention includes a water retention drainage base material used in a greening method for planting on artificial ground, and a parting material connected to the outer periphery of the water retention drainage base material. The water retention / drainage base material has a connecting projection that is in contact with the surface of the artificial ground at the lower side, and has a water retention recess at the top, and a continuous pitch within the water retention recess at a predetermined pitch. The parting material is provided with an installation surface in contact with the surface and an engagement surface located above the water retention / drainage base material, A connecting protrusion that fits between the protrusions protrudes downward.

  Since the joint structure of the water retention drainage base material and the parting material configured as described above can achieve greening on the artificial ground by simple construction, construction time can be shortened. Moreover, the fixed state of the water retention / drainage base material and the parting material is stable, and can be prevented from being detached even when an external force is applied. Furthermore, since the outer periphery is surrounded by parting material, the root of the plant is prevented from protruding, and the appearance of the greening structure can be improved.

  According to the present invention, in a greening structure on an artificial ground, a large number of water retention drainage base materials are connected, and a parting material protruding upward along the outer periphery of the connected water retention drainage base material is fixed. Since the outer periphery of the water retention and drainage base material is surrounded, the plant planted on the outer peripheral portion does not spread to the periphery, and the contour portion can be neatly divided. Moreover, since the parting material is fixed in contact with both the water retention drainage base material and the artificial ground, it can be prevented from slipping even if a person gets on the parting material, and can be prevented from being deformed and detached.

  The greening structure of the present invention can stably plant vegetation such as large trees by connecting a raising material to the upper part of the parting material and increasing the volume of the defined internal space. Different types of plants and the like can be planted by dividing the defined space with the raising material, so that a greening structure having a different taste can be produced.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a greening method on an artificial ground according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view, right side view, front view AA line, BB line, and CC line sectional view of a water retention and drainage base material used in the greening method according to the present embodiment, FIG. 1 is a rear view of the water retention / drainage base material, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the water retention / drainage base material as viewed from above and below, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the parting material as viewed from above and below, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a fitting state of the water retention drainage base material and the parting material, and FIG. 7 is from above and below the corner type parting material. FIG. 8 is a plan view of a corner-type parting material, a right side view, a front view, a cross-sectional view taken along the line EE, FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the raising material viewed from above and below, and FIG. 10 is a raising material. FIG.

  First, the water retention drainage base material used in this embodiment will be described in detail based on FIGS. The water retention drainage base material 10 is entirely formed of a foamed resin material, and is, for example, an integrally molded product of foamed polystyrene. The water retention / drainage base material 10 has a square shape in plan view, and is formed in a square having an effective length L of about 30 cm or about 50 cm, for example. The effective length here means a substantial length L that can be increased except for a protruding portion such as a connecting portion when the water retention and drainage base materials 10 are sequentially arranged and connected in the horizontal direction.

  The water retention drainage base material 10 is formed with an outer peripheral wall portion 11 surrounding an outer periphery above a square plate material serving as a base, and the inside is a water retention recess 12. In the water retaining recess 12, cylindrical protrusions 13 are arranged vertically and horizontally at a predetermined pitch. In the present embodiment, 64 protrusions 13 including those in contact with the outer peripheral wall 11 are formed, and the outer peripheral wall 11 and the protrusion 13 are set at the same height. With this configuration, when a water-permeable sheet described later is placed on the upper surface of the water retention / drainage base material 10, the water-permeable sheet is formed to be flat. The water retention drainage base material 10 can secure a predetermined amount of water in the water retention recess 12 and has a function of overflowing and draining when there is water supply over the outer peripheral wall 11, and is planted in this embodiment. It supplies water to plants.

  The columnar projections 13 arranged in the water retention recess 12 are arranged vertically and horizontally at a pitch P1 of L / 8, where L is the effective length of one side of the water retention drainage base material 10. And the distance between the protrusions located on the outside is set to P1 / 2 (= L / 16). That is, when L is 30 cm, the distance between the outer periphery and the protrusions located on the outer side is set to 18.75 mm, and the vertical and horizontal pitch P between the protrusions is set to 37.5 mm. The cylindrical protrusion has a substantially cylindrical shape with a draft angle with an upper end diameter of about 22 mm and a lower end diameter of about 24 mm. The protruding portion 13 located on the outer periphery is connected in an integrated state with the outer peripheral wall portion 11. Therefore, the substantial water retention amount stored in the water retention recess 12 is a value obtained by subtracting the volume of the protrusion 13 from the volume of the water retention recess 12.

  As described above, a large number of columnar protrusions 13 protrude and are arranged inside the outer wall 11, and the recesses around the protrusions are water retention recesses 12. The bottom surface of the water retaining recess 12 is slightly inclined toward the center, and the central recess 14 having a large radius at the center is the bottom surface. Further, in the water retaining recess 12, four hill-shaped portions 12 a are formed in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction toward the central recess 14. The depth of the outer periphery of the water retaining recess 12 is about 10 to 12 mm, and the depth of the central recess 14 is set to about 18 to 20 mm. A water-conducting material 15 made of porous ceramic is disposed in the central recess 14. It is preferable that the height of the water guiding material 15 is substantially the same as the height of the protruding portion 13. The four hill-shaped parts 12 a are effective in improving the bending strength of the water retention / drainage base material 10.

  On the lower surface of the water retention / drainage base material 10, a projecting protrusion 16 is provided so as to be in contact with a placement surface (surface) of the artificial ground 1 or the like on which the water retention / drainage base material 10 is placed. This contact protrusion has a square shape when viewed from the bottom, and protrudes at the same pitch in the vertical and horizontal directions. The contact protrusion 16 forms a gap when the water retention drainage base material 10 is placed on the artificial ground 1, and the water, rainwater, and water sprinkled from the water retention recess 12 follow the water gradient of the artificial ground. It is configured so that it can be drained.

  A connecting portion 17 is formed on the outer periphery of the water retention / drainage base material 10. In the connecting portion, ant protrusions 17a and ant groove portions 17b are alternately formed, and the ant groove portions and the ant protrusion portions of the water retention / drainage base material 10 placed adjacent to each other are fitted to each other. In FIG. 1, upper and right dovetail protrusions and dovetail groove portions protrude from a square portion serving as a base, and lower and left dovetail protrusions and dovetail groove portions are formed on the lower surface side of the square portion.

  Next, the parting material 20 connected and fixed to the water retention / drainage base material 10 in a state where a part thereof is placed will be described with reference to FIGS. The parting material 20 is fixed along the outer periphery of a large number of water retention / drainage base materials 10 connected vertically and horizontally, surrounds the outer periphery of the water retention / drainage base material, and plants plants in the defined space. In other words, it has a function of preventing the outflow of the soil put on and put on the water retention drainage base material and the function of preventing the root of the planted plant from extending to the outside. Like the base material 10, it is formed from a foamed resin material such as expanded polystyrene.

  The parting material 20 is an installation surface 21 in contact with the surface of the artificial ground 1 on which about half of the bottom surface (a part of the bottom surface) is installed, and the other half (the other part of the bottom surface) is the water retention drainage base material 10. The engaging surface 22 is located at the top and located above the installation surface 21. The parting material 20 has a longitudinal dimension between the two end faces 20a, 20a perpendicular to the longitudinal direction set to L and a lateral dimension set to L / 2 in plan view. On the upper part of the parting material 20, a connection concave portion 23 of eight circular holes is recessed and formed. The connecting recesses 23 are formed with a pitch P2 of L / 4, and the distance from the outer periphery is set to P2 / 2 (= L / 8). The diameter of the connecting recess 23 is set to about 30 mm.

  A cylindrical engagement protrusion 24 that fits into the water retention recess 12 of the water retention / drainage base material 10 is formed on the lower surface of the engagement surface 22. Four engagement protrusions 24 are formed below the engagement surface 22, and the pitch P2 is set to L / 4, and the distance from the outer periphery is set to P2 / 2 (= L / 8). Has been. The distance from the vertical surface 25 connecting the engagement surface 22 and the installation surface 21 to the engagement protrusion 24 is set to P2 / 2 (= L / 8). The diameter of the engaging protrusion 24 is set to about 30 mm. Therefore, in a state where the outer periphery of the water retention / drainage base material 10 is in contact with the vertical surface 25, one engagement protrusion 24 is formed by the four protrusions 13 in the water retention recess 12 as shown in FIGS. 10 and 13c. It is configured to be fitted and held in a press-fitted state therebetween. The parting material 20 is formed with two columnar meat stealing holes that open downward.

  A connection hole 26 is formed so as to pass through the axis of the connection recess 23 formed on the upper surface of the parting material 20, and this connection hole penetrates the parting material 20 in the vertical direction. As a result, the connecting hole 26 passes through the axis of the engaging protrusion 24 formed on the engaging surface 22 and opens downward. The outer peripheral vertical surface on the engagement surface 22 side of the parting material 20 is a concave surface 27 that is continuous with an inclined surface, and enters the concave surface 27 when the water-permeable sheet 3 is laid on the upper part of the water retention / drainage base material 10. It is configured. Two drainage grooves 28 are formed on the installation surface 21 of the parting material 20. This parting material 20 can be freely cut, and is preferably cut in the middle of the connecting recesses 23, 23 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

  The corner type parting material 20A having substantially the same shape as the parting material 20 described above is connected and fixed corresponding to the corner portion of the water retention / drainage base material 10, and as shown in FIGS. 21 is formed in an L shape at a right angle, the concave surface 27a is formed approximately half in the longitudinal direction, and the other half is a flat surface 20b. And the end surface 20a of the other parting material 20 is joined to this flat surface 20b, so that the parting material 20 and the corner type parting material 20A can be started up without any gap from the corner portion of the water retention drainage base material 10. Configured. The corner type parting material 20A is also formed from a foamed resin material such as foamed polystyrene, the installation surface 21 which is a part of the bottom surface is in contact with the artificial ground 1, and the remaining part of the bottom surface is placed on the water retention drainage base material 10. The engaging surface 22 is placed, and the three engaging protrusions 24 are fitted and fixed between the four protrusions 13 in the water retaining recess 12. Two columnar meat steal holes are also formed in the corner type parting material 20A.

  Next, the raising member 30 connected to the upper part of the parting members 20 and 20A will be described with reference to FIGS. The raising material 30 is entirely formed of a foamed resin material, and is, for example, an integrally molded product of foamed polystyrene. As one function, the raising material 30 is connected to the upper part of the parting material 20 as many times as necessary to increase the amount of rising from the outer periphery of the water retention and drainage base material 10 and increase the volume of the defined space. A large plant can be planted by increasing the amount of soil introduced in the post-process. Further, as another function, the space defined by connecting to the upper part of the intermediate portion of the connected water retention drainage base material 10, 10... Can be divided to function as a partitioning material. . The raising member 30 is also formed with two meat stealing holes having a downward opening.

  The raising member 30 has a longitudinal dimension set to L and a width set to L / 2 in plan view. On the upper surface of the raising member 30, eight connection recesses 31 similar to the parting materials 20 and 20A are formed, the pitch P2 is L / 4, and the distance P2 / 2 (= L / 8) from the outer periphery is the connection recess. It is set similarly to No. 23, and has a shape that can be stacked as many times as necessary on the upper parts of the parting materials 20 and 20A. Eight columnar connecting projections 32 that fit into the connecting recesses 23 of the parting members 20 and 20A are formed on the lower surface. The connecting projections 32 are formed so as to protrude at the same pitch as the connecting recesses 23, and the outer diameter is set slightly larger than the inner diameter of the connecting recesses 23, and they are in a press-fit state when fitted.

  The assembly operation of the greening structure using the water retention drainage base materials 10, 10... And the parting materials 20, 20A of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described below with reference to FIGS. Note that only one of the water retention drainage base material 10, the parting material 20, the corner type parting material 20A, and the raising member 30 is illustrated in detail, and the rest are omitted. First, a rooting sheet 2 is laid on a space to be greened on an artificial ground 1 such as a rooftop or a balcony as shown in FIG. The rooting sheet 2 uses, for example, a laminate of a polyethylene film and a foamed polyethylene sheet, prevents the roots of plants planted in the soil in the subsequent process from penetrating, and the roots are joints of the artificial ground 1. This prevents entry into the gap. Note that the rooting sheet 2 is not necessarily required, and the water retention / drainage base materials 10, 10... May be placed and connected directly on the artificial ground 1.

  The water retention / drainage base materials 10, 10... Are placed on the top of the rooting sheet 2, and are connected in the horizontal direction as shown in FIG. The dovetail projections 17a of the outer connecting portion 17 are fitted into the dovetail groove portions 17b and sequentially connected in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the space to be greened is covered with the water retention drainage base materials 10, 10,. The water retention drainage base materials 10, 10... Are in contact with the contact protrusions 16 on the lower surface of the artificial ground 1 with the rooting sheet 2 interposed therebetween, thereby forming a drainage space. Therefore, the drainage flows along the drainage gradient of the artificial ground 1 using this space and drains through the drainage groove portion 28 of the parting material 20, so that the water can be prevented from decaying due to the accumulated water.

  After the water retention / drainage base material 10 is placed on the artificial ground 1 in the space to be greened and connected in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, the connecting portion 17 protruding from the water retention / drainage base material 10 located at the outer periphery is provided. Disconnect. The connecting portion 17 has a foamed polystyrene resin portion that forms an ant protrusion 17a and an ant groove portion 17b protruding from a square portion serving as a base. The protruding portion is cut along a cutting line 29a using a cutter or the like. The outer peripheral surface is made flat. This cutting can be easily performed by simply moving the cutter along the two sides of the square portion. By cutting the protruding connecting portion 17 to make it flat, the parting materials 20 and 20A can be connected. Moreover, the parting materials 20 and 20A can be connected as they are in the two sides where the connecting portion 17 is hidden below. The water retention drainage base material 10 is made of foamed resin, and can be freely cut using a cutter or the like in parallel along the outer periphery.

  Thereafter, the parting material 20, the corner type parting material 20 </ b> A, and, if necessary, the raising member 30 are fixed along the outer periphery of the connected water retention / drainage base material 10. As shown in FIG. 13, when the vertical surface 25 of the parting material 20 is brought into contact with the outer periphery of the water retention / drainage base material 10 and the engagement surface 22 is positioned on the upper part of the water retention / drainage base material 10 and pressed from above, the parting is performed. One columnar engagement protrusion 24 protruding from the lower surface of the engagement surface of the members 20 and 20A is fitted into a recess surrounded by four columnar protrusions 13 protruding from the upper surface of the water retention drainage base material 10. In the parting material 20, a total of four engaging protrusions 24 are sandwiched and held between the protrusions 13, and in the corner type parting material 20A, a total of three engaging protrusions 24 protrude. Since it is sandwiched and held between the portions 13, it is firmly fixed.

  When the parting material 20 and the corner-type parting material 20A are fixed to all the outer peripheries of the connected water retention / drainage base materials 10, 10,..., The outer periphery of the water retention / drainage base material is surrounded by the parting material. A concave portion which is a space for planting a plant is formed on the upper portion. The installation surface 21 of the two types of parting materials 20 and 20 </ b> A contacts the rooting sheet 2 of the artificial ground 1. Since the parting materials 20 and 20A can also be cut freely in parallel with the end face, they can be cut according to the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the water retention and drainage base material 10.

  In this manner, the parting materials 20 and 20A are fixed in a state where one side is placed on the water retention / drainage base material 10, and the engaging protrusions 24 of the parting materials 20 and 20A are interposed between the protrusions 13 of the water retention / drainage base material 10. The fixed state is stable because of the fitting, and there is little possibility that the fixed state will be released even if a person gets on top of the parting material. In addition, when soil is thrown into the upper part of the water retention drainage base material 10, 10... In the subsequent process, the parting material 20 and the corner type parting material 20A are stable in a one-sided structure. Is less likely to come off.

  Next, the raising material 30 is stacked and connected on top of the parting materials 20 and 20A. Since the connecting projections 32 of the raising member 30 are fitted in the press-fit state in the eight connecting recesses 23 formed on the upper part of the parting material 20 or the corner type parting material 20A, external force is generated. It is hard to leave even if you join. If it connects in this way, the connection hole 26 of a parting material and the through-hole 33 of the raising material 30 will be connected, and the axial connection tool 35 can be inserted so that both holes may be penetrated.

  When the connecting hole 26 and the through-hole 33 are circular in cross section, the connecting tool 35 is preferably cylindrical, and when it is a square hole, a prismatic shape is preferable. The connecting member 35 may be formed of any material, and can be made of an appropriate material such as a synthetic resin or a metal rod, and may be fixed with an adhesive if necessary, or may be inserted in a press-fit state. Good. In addition, the length of the coupling tool 35 may be short as long as it is inserted at the joint between the two coupling holes and the through hole. By inserting the connector 35, the connection between the parting members 20 and 20A and the raising member 30 becomes strong, and separation is prevented. The raising material 30 can be stacked by a required height. When stacking the raising members 30 in a plurality of stages, it is preferable to use a long connecting member 35 so as to communicate with all of the connecting members 35.

  When the connected square shaped water retention drainage base materials 10, 10,... Do not match the space to be greened, the horizontal retention line 29b is placed on the water retention drainage base material 10 in accordance with the space as shown in FIG. Alternatively, by cutting along the vertical cutting line 29c to make the water retention drainage base material 10A, it can be adjusted to a desired space. When cutting the water retention / drainage base material 10, the middle of the protrusions 13 protruding from the upper surface of the water retention / drainage base material is cut in parallel along the outer periphery. If cutting is performed at the center of the two rows of protrusions 13 arranged in parallel, the parting materials 20 and 20A can be fitted and fixed to the upper part regardless of the center of cutting. For this reason, it can cut | disconnect freely to the vertical direction and a horizontal direction, and can be made to match | combine with the space which wants to green.

  In this case, the parting materials 20 and 20A to be stacked are cut as shown in FIG. 15, and a part of the parting material is placed on the water retention / drainage base material along the outer periphery of the connected water retention / drainage base materials 10, 10. Fixed in state. That is, the parting materials 20 and 20A are cut at right angles to the longitudinal direction according to the cut water retention / drainage base material 10A, the parting material 20 is shortened like the parting material 20B, and the corner type parting material 20A is a corner type. It is shortened like the parting material 20C. Thus, the water retention drainage base material 10, the parting material 20, and the corner type parting material 20A can be freely cut according to the space to be greened and set to an arbitrary area.

  The water retention drainage base material 10 is placed in a horizontal direction on the space to be greened, and the parting material 20 and the corner type parting material 20A are set up and fixed along the outer periphery of the water retention drainage base material. After surrounding the outer periphery, the water guiding material 15 is disposed in the central recess 14 and the water permeable sheet 3 is laid so as to cover the upper portion of the water retention drainage base material 10, 10. Secure to the parting material. The water permeable sheet 3 is preferably a non-woven fabric or the like that prevents the outflow of the soil 4 that is input in a subsequent process onto the water permeable sheet 3 and has sufficient water permeability and is not easily clogged. The water-permeable sheet can also be fixed with an adhesive or the like.

  This water-permeable sheet 3 is preferably one in which the roots of plants planted in the soil 4 grow and become entangled. The material of the water permeable sheet is preferably a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric, a network made of resin fibers, a resin sheet in which a plurality of holes are arranged, or a wire mesh, but the non-woven fabric is particularly preferable. Those that are water permeable and are integrated with the roots of the plant are preferred. When the part of the parting material 20 or 20A is raised and along the concave surface 27, the water-permeable sheet 3 does not enter the back side of the water-permeable sheet when the soil is introduced in a later process, and the work becomes easy. It is preferable that the water permeable sheet 3 is fixed to a parting material with a nail or the like at a rising portion.

  When the soil 4 is placed on and put into the upper part of the water permeable sheet 3, the water permeable sheet 3 comes into close contact with the upper surface of the water guiding material 15 by the weight of the soil 4. The soil 4 can be input easily because the outer periphery of the water retention drainage base material is surrounded by the parting material. Plants 5 are planted on the soil 4, and a surface layer material 6 is placed on the surface of the soil 4 as necessary. The surface material 6 is laid on the uppermost layer of the soil 4 to prevent the scattering and outflow of the soil. In addition to preventing drying and controlling weeds, the surface material 6 activates the activities of microorganisms. In addition, when planting a plant, although the water-permeable sheet 3 is required, the surface layer material 6 is not necessarily required.

  The above-described work, that is, the water retention and drainage base material 10 is connected to the artificial ground 1, the parting materials 20 and 20A are connected and fixed along the outer periphery, the water-permeable sheet 3 is laid, and the soil 4 is introduced. By planting 5 and covering with the surface layer material 6, the greening structure shown in FIG. 16 is completed. As the soil 4, soil may be used, and artificial soil, clinker ash, perlite, or the like obtained by pulverizing a recycled product of polystyrene foam can also be used.

  The water retention drainage base material 10, 10,... Is stored in the water retention recess 12 to retain water supplied by a watering device (not shown). Then, the water stored in the water retention recess 12 of the water retention drainage base material 10 rises by the capillary phenomenon in the porous water guide material 15 disposed in the central recess 14 and gradually enters the water permeable sheet 3 and the soil 4. To prevent the soil 4 from drying and is absorbed from the roots of the planted plants and used for growth. For this reason, it is prevented that the root of a plant is always soaked with a large amount of water and root rot. The water in the water retaining recess 12 is collected in the central recess 14 by a gradient toward the center, and rises through the porous water-conducting material 15 and is absorbed by the plant root, so that it is reliably supplied to the plant.

  Although the example of the porous water-conducting material 15 is shown as the water-conducting material, a string, a sponge, a foamable synthetic resin, a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric, etc. are used. May be used. The water permeable sheet 3 has a function of entwining and integrating plant roots, and prevents the soil 4 from entering the water retaining recess 12 of the water retention drainage base material 10. It has a function to secure a space between 12 waters. Thereby, the respiration of the root of the plant 5 is ensured and preferable. Further, the water permeable sheet 3 helps the water in the water retaining recess 12 to become moisture and reach the roots of the plant 5 effectively, and rainwater and water sprinkling to the plants are excessively retained in the soil 4. It also has a function to prevent this.

  As described above, the greening structure of the present embodiment connects a large number of water retention / drainage base materials 10, 10... In a horizontal direction, and projects upward along the outer periphery of the connected water retention / drainage base materials 20. Since the corner type parting material 20A is fixed, the plant 5 planted on the outer peripheral portion does not spread around, and the contour portion can be separated in an orderly manner. Moreover, even if the plant 5 grows, the surroundings are surrounded by the parting material, so that the roots are not exposed to the outside and the appearance is not impaired, and the appearance can be improved. Furthermore, since the fixed state of the water retention / drainage base materials 10, 10,... And the parting materials 20, 20A is stable and strong, it can be prevented from being deformed and detached even when an external force is applied.

  Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 17 is a plan view of another embodiment of a greening structure to be greened on the artificial ground according to the present invention, and FIG. 18 is an end view taken along the line GG of FIG. In addition, this embodiment is characterized by dividing the inside of the space defined by the parting material with the raising material, as compared with the above-described embodiment. Other substantially equivalent configurations are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  In this embodiment, the raising members 30A, 30B are provided in the middle portion of the space defined by the connected water retention / drainage base materials 10, 10,. The water-retaining recess 12 is fitted and fixed, and the defined space is divided into two spaces S1 and S2. By dividing the space defined in this way into a plurality of spaces, it is possible to make changes such as planting different types of plants in each space, and a greening structure with a different taste can be obtained. The raising material 30A is the same as the raising material 30 stacked on top of the parting materials 20 and 20A, and the raising material 30B is formed by cutting the raising material 30A at right angles to the longitudinal direction.

  One connecting protrusion 32 protruding from the lower surface of the raising material 30A is fitted and held between the four protrusions 13 protruding from the water retention recess 12 of the water retention / drainage base material 10, for a total of eight. Therefore, the raised members 30 </ b> A and 30 </ b> B are stably connected to the upper portion of the water retention / drainage base material 10. When the space is divided and partitioned, if the height of the raising material that functions as a partitioning material is required depending on the amount of soil added, it can be stacked in a plurality of stages. Thereby, the plant to be planted and the input soil can be reliably partitioned. The stacked raising materials 30A and 30B can also be connected to the parting material by inserting the connecting tool 35 through the through-hole 33 formed in the connecting recess 31, so that the parting materials 20 and 20A and the raising material 30 can be strengthened. , 30A, 30B can be prevented from being detached from the water retention drainage base material 10 even if an unexpected force is applied.

  Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention described in the claims. Design changes can be made. For example, the shape of the water retention / drainage base material 10 is based on a square, but may be a shape based on a rectangle, or any shape as long as the water retention / drainage base material can be connected to each other. Although the example in which the water retention drainage base material is connected in the horizontal direction has been shown, it can be connected along a gentle inclined surface.

  Further, the water retention drainage base material 10 may have any shape as long as it has the water retention recess 12. The water retention and drainage base material 10 is preferably an integrally molded product of a resin foam from the viewpoint of lightness and heat insulation, particularly a molded product of polystyrene foam from the viewpoint of moldability and strength, but the artificial ground to be installed is heavy. If it is a place not subject to the above restrictions, it may be made of non-foamed synthetic resin, concrete, foamed mortar or the like.

  In order to strengthen the connection between the parting material 20, 20 </ b> A and the raising material 30, the connecting hole 26 formed in the parting material and the through hole 33 formed in the raising material 30 are located at the center of the connecting recessed part 23 and the connecting recessed part 31. Although the example which formed was shown, it is not restricted to this. That is, a connecting hole may be formed in the flat part of the parting materials 20 and 20A in the vertical direction, and a through hole may be formed in the flat part of the raising member 30 so as to communicate with the connecting hole. Moreover, although the example which forms the connection hole 26 with respect to the four connection recessed parts of each corner | angular part was shown, you may form corresponding to all the 8 connection recessed parts, and the number may be arbitrary.

  Although the parting material fixed to the water retention drainage base material in a single-sided state is shown as an example of joining at a right angle at the corner together with the corner type parting material, it is not limited to joining at a right angle. For example, the water retention drainage base material located at the corner portion is cut in a 45 degree direction so as to be chamfered, and is joined using a 45 degree corner type parting material (not shown) in accordance with the inclined side of 45 degree. You may comprise. Moreover, you may comprise by joining by a circular arc using the round-shaped parting material which is not shown in figure according to a 45-degree inclination side. Further, the chamfering or rounding may be similarly performed for the corner corner portion that is not limited to the corner corner portion. In this way, the parting material may be of any shape as long as it projects so as to rise upward along the outer periphery of the water retention and drainage base material connected in the horizontal direction.

  As an example of planting a plant in a space defined by a water retention drainage base material and a parting material, an example using a water-permeable sheet, soil, and surface layer material was shown, but plants were planted by other methods May be. For example, without using soil, use a permeable sheet and a vegetation sheet containing nutrients necessary for plant growth, integrate the permeable sheet and vegetation sheet at the root of the plant, and grow the plant You may do it.

1 shows one embodiment of a water retention and drainage base material used in a greening structure according to the present invention, (a) is a plan view, (b) is a right side view, (c) is a cross-sectional view along line AA, (d). Is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB, and FIG. The rear view of the water retention drainage base material shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the water retention drainage base material shown to FIG. 1, 2, (a) is the perspective view seen from the top which shows the positional relationship with the water conveyance material, (b) is the perspective view seen from the bottom. (A), (b) is the perspective view seen from the upper direction and the downward direction of a parting material, respectively. (A)-(d) is the top view, side view, front view, and DD line sectional drawing of a parting material shown in FIG. 4, respectively. The perspective view which shows the fitting state of the water retention drainage base material shown in FIG. 1, and the parting material shown in FIG. (A), (b) is the perspective view seen from the upper direction and the downward direction of a corner type parting material, respectively. (A)-(d) is the top view, right view, front view, and EE sectional view of the corner type parting material shown in FIG. 7, respectively. The perspective view seen from the upper direction and the downward direction of a raising material. (A), (b) is the top view of the raising material shown in FIG. 9, respectively, and the FF sectional view taken on the line. The top view of the state which connected the water retention drainage base material shown in FIG. 1 in the horizontal direction. The top view of the state which fixed the parting material to the water retention drainage base material shown in FIG. (A), (b) is principal part sectional drawing which shows the operation state which fixes the parting material and raising material of FIG. 12, respectively, (c) is a principal part top view explaining a fitting state. The top view of the state which narrowed the area with respect to the top view of FIG. The top view of the state which fixed the parting material to the water retention drainage base material shown in FIG. Sectional drawing of the greening structure which fixed the water retention drainage base material and the parting material, fixed the water-permeable sheet on the upper part of the water retention drainage base material, throws in the soil, arranged the surface layer material, and planted the plant. The top view which shows other embodiment of the greening structure which concerns on this invention. The GG line end view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

  1: artificial ground, 2: rooting sheet, 3: water permeable sheet, 4: soil, 5: plant, 6: surface layer material, 10: water retention drainage base material, 11: outer peripheral wall portion, 12: recessed portion for water retention, 13 : Protrusion part, 14: Central recessed part, 15: Water conveyance material, 17: Connection part, 17a: Dovetail protrusion, 17b: Dovetail groove part, 20, 20B: Parting material, 20A, 20C: Corner type parting material, 21: Installation surface 22: engagement surface, 23: connection recess, 24: engagement protrusion, 26: connection hole, 30, 30A, 30B: raising material, 31: connection recess, 32: connection protrusion, 33: through hole, 35 : Connector

Claims (11)

A planting method for planting a plant using a water retention / drainage base material having a water retention recess on an artificial ground and a parting material surrounding the outer periphery of the water retention / drainage base material,
Connect the water retention drainage base material to the space to be greened,
A part of the bottom of the parting material that protrudes upward along the outer periphery of the water retention drainage base material located on the connected outer peripheral part so that the bottom part is in contact with the artificial ground and the other part is located on the water retention drainage basement Surrounding the outer periphery of the water retention drainage base material,
A greening method on artificial ground, characterized in that plants are planted in a space defined by a water retention drainage base material and a parting material.   2. The greening on the artificial ground according to claim 1, wherein when the parting material is connected, the water retention drainage base material located on the outer peripheral portion is cut in parallel along the outer periphery according to the space. Method.   The parting material has an engaging protrusion formed on a lower surface of the other part, and the engaging protrusion is fixed by being fitted into a water retaining recess of the water retention drainage base material. Item 3. A method for greening on artificial ground according to item 1 or 2.   The raising material is connected to the upper part of the parting material, and the parting material and the raising material have a hole penetrating in the vertical direction communicating with each other, and a coupling tool penetrating in the vertical direction is inserted into the through hole and coupled. The greening method on the artificial ground according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A large number of water retention drainage base materials connected and arranged on the artificial ground and having a water retention recess on the upper surface, and projecting upward along the outer periphery of the water retention drainage base material located on the outer periphery of the water retention drainage base material It is provided with a parting material that is fixed so that a part of its bottom face is placed on the artificial ground and the other part is located on the water retention drainage base and surrounds the outer periphery of the water retention drainage base material,
A planting plant characterized by planting a plant in a space defined by the water retention drainage base material and the parting material.   The parting material has an engagement protrusion formed on the other part of the bottom surface located on the water retention drainage base, and the engagement protrusion is fitted and fixed to a water retention recess on the water retention drainage base material. The greening structure according to claim 5, wherein   The greening structure according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the parting material has a connecting part at an upper part, and the raising part is connected to the upper part of the parting material by using the connecting part.   The parting material includes a connection hole that opens upward, the raising material includes a through hole that communicates with the connection hole, and a parting material is inserted into the connection hole and the through hole so that the parting material is inserted. The greening structure according to claim 7, wherein the greening material and the raising material are combined.   The greening structure according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the water retention drainage base material, the parting material and the raising material are formed of a foamed resin material.   In the middle part of the space defined by the connected water retention / drainage base material and parting material, the raising material is fixed by fitting the engagement protrusion formed on the lower surface thereof into the water retention recess, The greening structure according to any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein the space formed is divided. It is a combined structure of a water retention drainage base material used in a planting method planted on artificial ground and a parting material connected to the outer periphery of the water retention drainage base material,
The water retention drainage base material is formed with a contact projection that contacts the surface of the artificial ground below, and a water retention recess, and is continuously projected at a predetermined pitch in the water retention recess. A protrusion is formed,
The parting material includes an installation surface that is in contact with the surface and an engagement surface that is located above the water retention / drainage base material, and the engagement surface is engaged between the protrusions. A combined structure of a water retention drainage base material and a parting material, characterized in that the protrusion is projected downward.

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