JP2006075920A - Pneumatic tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pneumatic tool considerably improved in work efficiency by dispensing with torque rank switching operation by a regulator lever in switching tightening work and loosening work. <P>SOLUTION: The pneumatic tool is provided with two first regulator passage 66a and second regulator passage 66b independent of each other, and a regulator 68 for adjusting the passage cross section of each of the regulator passages 66a, 66b. Torque adjustment on the loosening side and torque adjustment on the tightening side can thereby be performed independently, and when performing the tightening work and loosening work alternately or in random order, only a reverse lever 24 is to be switched without needing to switch the regulator 68. Work efficiency can thereby be improved considerably. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to pneumatic tools such as an air driver, an air ratchet wrench, and an air impact wrench.

  Conventionally, pneumatic tools such as an air screwdriver, air ratchet wrench, air impact wrench, etc. have one reverse lever for switching the rotation direction between the forward direction and the reverse direction, and one regulator lever for variably adjusting the torque amount. It has. An air tool including one reverse lever and one regulator lever is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. In this conventionally known pneumatic tool, the rotation position of the reverse lever is first switched between the forward rotation direction and the reverse rotation direction with the reverse lever, and then the pressurized air flow rate (torque amount) is adjusted with the regulator lever. Pulling the trigger, which is a switch, tightens or loosens.

JP-T-2004-508212

  In the conventional pneumatic tool shown in Patent Literature 1, the torque stage of the regulator is set to 4 ranks. For example, the tightening operation is tightened with a torque of 2 to 3 ranks, and then the tightening operation is increased to a specified torque with a manual torque wrench. Do. After that, when performing the loosening operation as another operation, the torque rank of the regulator is 2 to 3 ranks in the previous tightening direction. At the time of the loosening operation, the torque is set to the maximum rank (4 ranks) so that the loosening operation becomes easy. Therefore, when shifting from the tightening operation to the loosening operation, the regulator lever is switched to the maximum torque rank position. When performing a work in which the tightening work and the loosening work are mixed, there is a problem that the work of switching the regulator lever must be performed each time, resulting in poor work efficiency.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and at the time of switching between tightening work and loosening work, it is possible to greatly improve workability by eliminating the need for switching the torque rank by the regulator lever. The object is to provide a pneumatic tool.

  In order to achieve the above object, an air tool of the present invention includes a body, an air motor provided in the body, an intake passage formed inside the body and communicating with the outside, and the body. An exhaust passage that is formed inside and communicates with the outside; a first air communication passage and a second air communication passage that are independent of each other and communicate with the air motor; A reverse valve for communicating either the first air communication passage or the second air communication passage and the intake passage, and communicating with the exhaust passage and receiving the air discharged from the air motor. In a pneumatic tool having an exhaust space, a first regulator passage that communicates one with the first air communication passage and the other communicates with the exhaust space, and the first regulator A first regulator for varying the passage section of the passage, a second regulator passage for communicating one with the second air communication passage and the other for communicating with the exhaust space, and varying the passage section of the second regulator passage. And a second regulator.

  In the pneumatic tool of the present invention, the air motor includes a cylinder, and includes a cover plate that closes one end of the cylinder. The cover plate includes the first regulator passage and the second regulator passage. The first regulator and the second regulator are attached. The present invention provides a rotatable shaft through which the first regulator traverses the first regulator passage, a first regulator lever attached to one end of the shaft, and the first regulator passage at different rotational positions around the shaft. Adjusting means for varying the passage section of the second regulator, wherein the second regulator traverses the second regulator passage, a rotatable shaft, a second regulator lever attached to one end of the shaft, and a periphery of the shaft And adjusting means for varying the cross section of the second regulator passage at different rotational positions. In the present invention, the adjustment means has a diameter larger than the diameter of the shaft, and a step having a different protrusion length to the first regulator passage and the second regulator passage in a portion of the larger diameter according to a rotational position of the shaft. Is formed. According to the present invention, the adjustment means has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the shaft, and a step having a different protrusion length to the first regulator passage and the second regulator passage is formed in a portion having the smaller diameter depending on the rotational position of the shaft. Is formed. The present invention provides a protrusion at a free tip of the first regulator lever and a free tip of the second regulator lever, and a plurality of indentations that engage with the protrusion of the first regulator lever are formed in the body, And a plurality of indentations that engage with the protrusions of the second regulator lever. In the present invention, the protrusion is formed of an elastic material. In the present invention, the first regulator lever is detachable with respect to the shaft, and the second regulator lever is detachable with respect to the shaft.

  In the present invention, a dedicated independent regulator is provided for each rotation direction. Therefore, when the tightening operation and the loosening operation are performed alternately or in a fixed manner, the torque rank of the loosening-side regulator lever and the tightening-side regulator lever The torque rank can be set separately in advance. As a result, when switching between tightening and loosening operations, it is not necessary to switch the regulator lever every time the work is changed, and the desired operation can be performed simply by switching the forward / reverse rotation direction with the reverse lever. Can be performed smoothly, and work efficiency can be greatly improved.

  Next, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a pneumatic tool according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view in the direction A of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. The pneumatic tool has a body 10, and a lower portion of the body 10 is a handle portion 12. An intake passage 14 and an exhaust passage 16 communicating with the outside are formed inside the handle portion 12. On-off valve means 18 is provided in the middle of the intake passage 14, and the on-off valve means 18 is opened by a trigger 20 as a switch, and air from the outside is introduced into the body 10 through the intake passage 14. Is set to

  A reverse valve 22 is provided at a position slightly above the opening / closing valve means 18 in the intake passage 14. A reverse lever 24 protruding outward from the body 10 is attached to one end of the reverse valve 22, and the reverse lever 24 is rotated at an angle of about 90 degrees (FIG. 2) by hand as shown in FIG. It can be operated. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a reverse valve 22 is provided above the intake passage 14, and the reverse valve 22 is either a first introduction passage 26a or a second introduction passage 26b formed thereabove. And the intake passage 14 are switched to communicate with each other.

  A perspective view of the reverse valve 22 is shown in FIG. The reverse valve 22 mainly comprises a cylinder 28 and a valve member 30 fitted in the cylinder 28 and rotated at an angle of about 90 degrees (FIG. 2) and having a reverse lever 24 at one end. The internal space of the cylinder 28 communicates with the inlet passage 14 via the lower communication passage 32 (FIGS. 1, 3 and 4). The internal space of the cylinder 28 communicates with the first introduction passage 26a via the first upper communication passage 34a (FIGS. 3, 4 and 5) and the second upper communication passage 34b (FIGS. 3, 4 and 5). It communicates with the second introduction passage 26b via 5).

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the valve member 30 has a L-shaped cross section in the middle in the longitudinal direction (a portion communicating with the lower communication passage 32, the first upper communication passage 34 a, and the second upper communication passage 34 b). The internal space of the cylinder 28 at that position is formed on the inner side of the L-shaped cross section, and is formed on the outside of the L-shaped connecting portion 36 extending to the free end in the axial direction. The communication space 37 is formed only at a location where it communicates with the lower communication passage 32, the first upper communication passage 34a, and the second upper communication passage 34b. The communication space portion 37 always communicates with the intake passage 14 via the lower communication passage 32 (FIGS. 1, 3, and 4), and the first upper communication passage is formed by switching the L-shaped valve member 30. 34a is set to communicate with the first introduction passage 26a (FIG. 3) or to the second introduction passage 26b via the second upper communication passage 34b (FIG. 4). ing.

  The end of the cylinder 28 opposite to the reverse lever 24 is an open end as shown in FIG. The connecting portion 36 formed on the valve member 30 extends in the axial direction and communicates with the opening of the cylinder 28. The open end of the cylinder 28 communicates with a communication space 38 (FIG. 1) formed in the body 10, and the communication space 38 communicates with the exhaust passage 16.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an air motor 40 is provided inside the body 10. A rotor 46 and blades 48 (FIGS. 1, 3, and 4) are accommodated in the internal space 44 of the cylinder 42 of the air motor 40. As shown in FIG. 1, an impact mechanism 50 is provided at one end of the air motor 40, and an anvil 52 to which the rotational force of the air motor 40 is transmitted is attached to the tip of the impact mechanism 50.

  Here, perspective views of the cylinder 42 of the air motor 40 are shown in FIGS. 6 is a perspective view of the cylinder 42 as viewed from the diagonally upward direction C in FIG. 1, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the cylinder 42 as viewed from the diagonally downward direction D in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a first passage 54a and a second passage 54b are formed in the thickness portion of the cylinder 42 in a direction parallel to the central axis direction of the internal space 44, and the first passage 54a. Is in communication with the internal space 44 of the cylinder 42 through the first internal communication passage 56a, and the second passage 54b is in communication with the internal space 44 of the cylinder 42 through the second internal communication passage 56b. As shown in FIG. 7, the first passage 54a communicates with the outside of the cylinder 42 via the first external communication passage 58a, and the second passage 54b communicates with the cylinder 42 via the external communication passage 58a. It communicates with the outside of the cylinder 42.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the first external communication passage 58 a formed on the lower side of the cylinder 42 communicates with the first introduction passage 26 a located above the reverse valve 22, and on the lower side of the cylinder 42. The formed second external communication passage 58b communicates with the second introduction passage 26b located above the reverse valve 22. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, an exhaust hole 60 that penetrates the thickness of the cylinder 42 and communicates the internal space 44 with the outside of the cylinder 42 is formed in the upper portion of the cylinder 42. The exhaust hole 60 communicates with a cylindrical exhaust space 62 formed between the inner wall of the body 10 and the outer wall of the cylinder 42 of the air motor 40. The cylindrical exhaust space 62 communicates with the communication space 38 that communicates with the exhaust passage 16.

  When the valve member 30 is rotated by the operation of the reverse lever 24 and the inlet passage 14 and the first introduction passage 26a are communicated via the communication space portion 37 of the reverse valve 22 as shown in FIG. Reaches the first passage 54a from the first introduction passage 26a through the external communication passage 58a, and a part of the intake air reaching the first passage 54a is introduced into the internal space 44 of the cylinder 42 from the first internal communication passage 56a. The The first introduction passage 26 a located above the reverse valve 22 to the first passage 54 a before reaching the air motor 40 is referred to as a “first air communication passage”. The remainder of the intake air that has reached the first passage 54a moves to the right in the first passage 54a in FIG.

  When the reverse lever 24 is operated to rotate the valve member 30 to connect the inlet passage 14 and the second inlet passage 26b via the reverse lever 24 as shown in FIG. A part of the intake air reaching the second passage 54b from the passage 26b through the external communication passage 58b is introduced into the internal space 44 of the cylinder 42 from the second internal communication passage 56b. A section extending from the second introduction passage 26b positioned above the reverse valve 22 to the second passage 54b before reaching the air motor 40 is defined as a “second air communication passage”. The remainder of the intake air that has reached the second passage 54b moves to the right in the second passage 54b in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 6 and 7, in the internal space 44 of the cylinder 42 of the air motor 40, the opposite side of the striking member 50 is an opening, and the opening is a cover plate 64 (FIG. 1, FIG. 8 and 9). An independent first regulator passage 66a and second regulator passage 66b are formed in the cover plate 64, respectively. One end of the first regulator passage 66 a communicates with the first passage 54 a and the other end communicates with the exhaust space 62. One end of the second regulator passage 66 b communicates with the second passage 54 b and the other end communicates with the exhaust space 62. The provision of the first regulator passage 66a and the second regulator passage 66b in the cover plate 64 that closes the opening of the cylinder 42 of the air motor 40 facilitates processing of the passage formed in the cover plate 64 and achieves downsizing. It is to do.

  In the middle of the first regulator passage 66a, there is provided a first regulator 68a (FIGS. 8 and 10) for changing the passage cross section in, for example, four stages, and in the middle of the second regulator passage 66b, a passage cross section is provided. For example, a second regulator 68b (FIGS. 8 and 10) that is variable in four stages is provided. The first regulator 68 a and the second regulator 68 b include a shaft 70, an adjusting means 74 having a step 72 having a large diameter and projecting in the axial direction according to the rotational position on the outer periphery of the shaft 70, and the shaft 70. The first regulator lever 76a and the second regulator lever 76b are attached to one end. In FIG. 10, a step 72 having a large diameter is formed outside the shaft 70, but a step 72 having a small diameter may be formed outside the shaft 70. The first regulator lever 76a and the second regulator lever 76b may be detachable from the shaft 70 as shown in FIG. Thereby, even if one is damaged, the other can be used as it is, so that the economy can be improved.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the other end of the shaft 70 is fitted and held on the cover plate 64, and the shaft 70 is rotatable with respect to the cover plate 64. As shown in FIG. 2, the first regulator lever 76a and the second regulator lever 76b are rotatable, for example, in a range of about 150 degrees, and as shown in FIGS. 2 and 8, the first regulator lever 76a and the second regulator lever 76b are rotatable. Protrusions 78 made of an elastic material are provided at the free tip of the two regulator lever 76b, and for example, four recesses 80 are formed in the cover 10 to engage and disengage the protrusions 78. By engaging the protrusions 78 of the first regulator lever 76a and the second regulator lever 76b with the recess 80 of the cover 10, for example, the magnitude of torque in four stages is stabilized.

  Here, a route through which the air introduced from the intake passage 14 is discharged through the air motor 40 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3. When the air motor 40 is operated (the rotor 46 is rotated), the air passes from the inlet passage 14 to the first passage 54a through the communication space 37 of the reverse valve 22, the first introduction passage 26a, and the first external communication passage 58a. The first passage 54a is introduced into the internal space 44 of the cylinder 42 through the first internal communication passage 56a. A part of the air introduced into the internal space 44 of the cylinder 42 is moved in the internal space 44 by the blades 48 of the air motor 40. Thereafter, the air is exhausted, reaches the second external communication passage 58b from the internal space 44 of the air motor 40 through the second passage 54b, and further passes through the second introduction passage 26b from the second external communication passage 58b to the valve of the reverse valve 22. The communication part 36 formed in the member 30 is reached (FIG. 3). The air that has reached the communication portion 36 then moves in the cylinder 22 in the axial direction toward the opposite side of the reverse lever 24 and reaches a communication space 38 formed in the body 10. The air reaching the communication space 38 is discharged to the outside of the body 10 through the exhaust passage 16.

  The remainder of the air introduced into the internal space 44 of the cylinder 42 is discharged from an exhaust hole 60 formed in the cylinder 42 to an exhaust space 62 between the inner wall of the body 10 and the outer wall of the cylinder 42 (see FIG. 1 and FIG. 1). FIG. 3). The exhaust discharged into the exhaust space 62 reaches the communication space 38 and is then discharged to the outside of the body 10 through the exhaust passage 16.

  3 shows a case where the anvil 52 is rotated in the forward direction, but when the anvil 52 is rotated in the reverse direction, the reverse valve 24 is rotated about 90 degrees counterclockwise in FIG. 2 (the reverse valve 24). Moves from the solid line position to the two-dot chain line position). As a result, the valve member 30 rotates about 90 degrees counterclockwise from the state shown in FIG. 3 to the state shown in FIG. In the state of FIG. 4, the rotor 46 of the air motor 40 rotates in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of FIG. In the state of FIG. 3 and the state of FIG. 4, the exhaust gas that returns to the reverse valve 22 is discharged to the outside from the communication portion 36 through the communication space 38 and the exhaust passage 16.

  Next, torque control by the regulator 68 will be described with reference to FIGS. In the case of the forward rotation shown in FIG. 3, air reaches the first regulator passage 66a (FIGS. 8 and 9) from the first passage 54a. The adjusting means 74 of the regulator 68 is provided in the middle of the first regulator passage 66a, and the passage section of the first regulator passage 66a is varied by operating the first regulator lever 76a. That is, the amount of air passing through the first regulator passage 66a is adjusted. FIG. 11 shows a step of adjusting the amount of air passing through the first regulator passage 66a. In FIG. 11A, the amount of air passing through the first regulator passage 66a is the maximum, and the amount of air passing through the first regulator passage 66a decreases in the order of FIG. 11B and FIG. In (D), air does not pass through the first regulator passage 66a. As a result, when the output may be small, the first regulator lever 76a is operated so as to be in the state of FIG. 11A, and when it is desired to increase the output in order, FIG. 11B and FIG. C) The regulator lever 76 is operated to the state shown in FIG.

  In the case of the reverse rotation shown in FIG. 4, air reaches the second regulator passage 66b (FIGS. 8 and 9) from the second passage 54b. The adjusting means 74 of the regulator 68 is provided in the middle of the second regulator passage 66b, and the passage of the first regulator passage 66a is changed by the operation of the second regulator lever 76b, and passes through the second regulator passage 66b. Adjust the air volume. Here, the shape of the adjusting means 74 of the regulator 68 provided in the first regulator passage 66a and the shape of the adjusting means 74 of the regulator 68 provided in the second regulator passage 66b are symmetric.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the air passing through the regulator 68 is exhausted as shown in FIG. 8 in both the forward rotation in which air passes through the first regulator passage 66a and the reverse rotation in which air passes through the second regulator passage 66b. 62 is set. The air reaching the exhaust space 62 is then discharged to the outside from the communication space 38 through the exhaust passage 16.

  In the output stage of the first regulator 68a and the second regulator 68b, for example, the minimum output is set to level 1 and the maximum output is set to level 4. When the forward rotation is operated at level 2, the first regulator lever 76a in FIG. 2 is set to level 2. At this time, the second regulator lever 76b for reverse rotation is set to the maximum level 4. Thereby, the loosening torque can be set larger than the tightening torque. When the pneumatic tool of the present invention is used to perform the same bolt tightening operation and loosening operation alternately or in a fixed manner, the levels of the first regulator lever 76a and the second regulator lever 76b are set to predetermined levels in advance. If it is set, only the switching operation of the reverse lever 24 is required when switching between the tightening operation and the loosening operation, and the operation of switching the first regulator lever 76a and the second regulator lever 76b to each tightening and loosening (conventional torque). Since the adjustment operation does not have to be performed, work efficiency can be greatly improved.

  Although the first regulator 68a and the second regulator 68b have the shaft 70 and the adjusting means 74 having the step 72, the first regulator 68a and the second regulator 68b according to the present invention have the first regulator passage. Any configuration and shape may be used as long as the cross section of 66a and the second regulator passage 66b can be varied in a plurality of stages.

It is sectional drawing which shows one Example of the pneumatic tool which concerns on this invention. It is an A direction side view of FIG. It is the BB sectional drawing of FIG. 1 which shows the rotation state of a positive direction. It is the BB sectional drawing of FIG. 1 which shows the rotation state of a reverse direction. It is a perspective view of the reverse valve used for the pneumatic tool of FIG. It is an upper perspective view of the cylinder of the air motor used for the pneumatic tool of FIG. It is a downward perspective view of the cylinder of the air motor used for the pneumatic tool of FIG. It is sectional drawing of cover plate vicinity of the pneumatic tool which concerns on this invention. It is the EE sectional view taken on the line of the cover plate shown in FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view of the regulator used for this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the state which changes a regulator channel | path cross section with a regulator means.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Body 14 Inlet passage 16 Exhaust passage 22 Reverse valve 40 Air motor 42 Cylinder 62 Exhaust space 64 Cover plate 66a First regulator passage 66b Second regulator passage 68a First regulator 68b Second regulator 74 Adjustment means 76a First regulator lever 76b First Two regulator levers 78 Protrusions 80 Dents

Claims (8)

A body, an air motor provided in the body, an intake passage formed in the body and communicating with the outside, and an exhaust formed in the body and communicating with the outside A first air communication passage and a second air communication passage, one of which communicates with the air motor and the other communicates with the air motor, and the first air communication passage and the second air communication passage. An air tool having a reverse valve for communicating any one of the intake passages and an exhaust space that communicates with the exhaust passages and receives air discharged from the air motor. A first regulator passage that communicates with the air communication passage and communicates the other with the exhaust space; and a first regulator for varying a passage section of the first regulator passage. And a second regulator passage, one of which communicates with the second air communication passage and the other communicates with the exhaust space, and a second regulator for varying the passage section of the second regulator passage. And pneumatic tool. The air motor includes a cylinder and includes a cover plate that closes one end of the cylinder, the first regulator passage and the second regulator passage are formed in the cover plate, and the first regulator and the second regulator are formed in the cover plate. The pneumatic tool according to claim 1, wherein two regulators are attached. The first regulator has a rotatable shaft traversing the first regulator passage, a first regulator lever attached to one end of the shaft, and a passage section of the first regulator passage at different rotational positions around the shaft. Adjusting means for varying the second regulator, a rotatable shaft traversing the second regulator passage, a second regulator lever attached to one end of the shaft, and at different rotational positions around the shaft The pneumatic tool according to claim 1, further comprising adjusting means for changing a passage section of the second regulator passage. The adjustment means has a diameter larger than the diameter of the shaft, and a step having different protrusion lengths to the first regulator passage and the second regulator passage is formed in the large diameter portion according to the rotational position of the shaft. The pneumatic tool according to claim 3. The adjusting means has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the shaft, and a step having different projecting lengths into the first regulator passage and the second regulator passage is formed in a portion having the smaller diameter according to the rotational position of the shaft. The pneumatic tool according to claim 3. Protrusions are provided at the free tip of the first regulator lever and the free tip of the second regulator lever, and a plurality of indentations are formed on the body to engage with the projections of the first regulator lever. The pneumatic tool according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of indentations that engage with the protrusions of the two regulator levers are formed. The pneumatic tool according to claim 6, wherein the protrusion is formed of an elastic material. The pneumatic tool according to claim 3, wherein the first regulator lever is detachable with respect to the shaft, and the second regulator lever is detachable with respect to the shaft.

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