JP2005538319A - 自動車用段付きギヤボックス - Google Patents
自動車用段付きギヤボックス Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2005538319A JP2005538319A JP2004533948A JP2004533948A JP2005538319A JP 2005538319 A JP2005538319 A JP 2005538319A JP 2004533948 A JP2004533948 A JP 2004533948A JP 2004533948 A JP2004533948 A JP 2004533948A JP 2005538319 A JP2005538319 A JP 2005538319A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gear
- gearbox
- neutral position
- gears
- engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/70—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for change-speed gearing in group arrangement, i.e. with separate change-speed gear trains arranged in series, e.g. range or overdrive-type gearing arrangements
- F16H61/702—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for change-speed gearing in group arrangement, i.e. with separate change-speed gear trains arranged in series, e.g. range or overdrive-type gearing arrangements using electric or electrohydraulic control means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
- B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
- B60W10/111—Stepped gearings with separate change-speed gear trains arranged in series
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/19—Improvement of gear change, e.g. by synchronisation or smoothing gear shift
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2306/00—Shifting
- F16H2306/40—Shifting activities
- F16H2306/46—Uncoupling of current gear
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/19—Gearing
- Y10T74/19167—In series plural interchangeably locked nonplanetary units
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/19—Gearing
- Y10T74/19219—Interchangeably locked
- Y10T74/19223—Disconnectable counter shaft
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/19—Gearing
- Y10T74/19219—Interchangeably locked
- Y10T74/19233—Plurality of counter shafts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/19—Gearing
- Y10T74/19219—Interchangeably locked
- Y10T74/19242—Combined gear and clutch
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/19—Gearing
- Y10T74/19219—Interchangeably locked
- Y10T74/19251—Control mechanism
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
- Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
- Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (3)
- 非同期的な基本ギヤボックス(15、17、21、18、22、19、23、20、28、30)と、少なくとも1個の同期的な補助歯車(12、13、15、16、17)と、前記ギヤボックス(9)の歯車の係合および係合解除とさらにまたニュートラル位置とを制御する少なくとも1個の制御装置(45)とからなる自動車用段付きギヤボックス(9)において、前記制御装置(45)は、ニュートラル位置が選択されたことを示す入力信号が受信されると、前記同期的な補助歯車(12、13、15、16、17)をニュートラル位置に配置するように構成されることを特徴とする段付きギヤボックス(9)。
- 前記制御装置(45)は、前記基本ギヤボックス(15、17、21、18、22、19、23、20、28、30)において、前記ニュートラル位置が占有されているときに以前に選択された歯車を係合状態に維持するように構成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の段付きギヤボックス。
- 前記補助歯車は、スプリットギヤ(12、13、15、16、17)またはレンジギヤ(32)によって構成されることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の段付きギヤボックス。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE0202704A SE523670C2 (sv) | 2002-09-09 | 2002-09-09 | Stegväxlad växellåda för motorfordon |
PCT/SE2003/001389 WO2004023003A1 (en) | 2002-09-09 | 2003-09-05 | Stage-geared gearbox for motor vehicles |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2005538319A true JP2005538319A (ja) | 2005-12-15 |
JP4405392B2 JP4405392B2 (ja) | 2010-01-27 |
Family
ID=20288972
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004533948A Expired - Fee Related JP4405392B2 (ja) | 2002-09-09 | 2003-09-05 | 自動車用段付きギヤボックス |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7278950B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1546582B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4405392B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100498012C (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE365288T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003256216A1 (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0314015B1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60314529T2 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2287561T3 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2310117C2 (ja) |
SE (1) | SE523670C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004023003A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2012501267A (ja) * | 2008-08-29 | 2012-01-19 | ボルボ ラストバグナー アーベー | 車両の変速機制御システム |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1800022B1 (en) * | 2004-09-23 | 2011-09-28 | Daimler AG | Automated transmission for a motor vehicle and method for operating the same |
DE102005021674A1 (de) * | 2005-05-11 | 2006-12-14 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Fahrzeuggetriebe mit sechs Vorwärtsgängen für normalen Fahrbetrieb, sowie einem Kriech- bzw. Berganfahrgang und einem Rückwärtsgang |
DE102005030987A1 (de) * | 2005-07-02 | 2007-01-18 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Antriebstrang eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
DE102005046894A1 (de) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-05-03 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Automatisiertes Kfz-Schaltgetriebe und Verfahren zur Schaltsteuerung eines automatisierten Kfz-Schaltgetriebes |
DE102006023552A1 (de) * | 2006-05-19 | 2007-11-22 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Drehzahl der Hauptwelle eines Getriebes und Getriebe mit einer Drehzahlabgriffseinrichtung |
US7846051B2 (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2010-12-07 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Hybrid powertrain with an engine input clutch and method of control |
DE102009001030A1 (de) * | 2009-02-20 | 2010-08-26 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Gruppengetriebes |
WO2014037018A1 (en) | 2012-09-05 | 2014-03-13 | Volvo Lastvagnar Ab | A powertrain for a hybrid vehicle and a method for control of the powertrain |
RU2599140C1 (ru) * | 2015-07-20 | 2016-10-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Тюменский индустриальный университет" (ТИУ) | Многоступенчатая коробка передач типа 28r8 |
RU2616232C1 (ru) * | 2016-01-12 | 2017-04-13 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Тюменский индустриальный университет" (ТИУ) | Многоступенчатая коробка передач типа 36r16 |
US11105412B2 (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2021-08-31 | Eaton Cummins Automated Transmission Technologies Llc | System, method, and apparatus for managing transmission shutdown operations |
WO2018118127A1 (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-28 | Eaton Corporation | High efficiency, high output transmission |
WO2018118126A1 (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-28 | Eaton Corporation | High efficiency, high output transmission |
EP3589866B1 (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2021-09-01 | Eaton Cummins Automated Transmission Technologies LLC | System, method, and apparatus for managing transmission shutdown operations |
DE102019205681A1 (de) * | 2019-04-18 | 2020-10-22 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Getriebe, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeuggetriebe |
DE102021207813B3 (de) | 2021-07-21 | 2022-09-08 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Verfahren und Steuergerät zum Betreiben eines Antriebsstrangs |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1454031A (fr) * | 1965-08-19 | 1966-07-22 | Boîte de vitesses | |
WO1989006194A1 (en) * | 1988-01-07 | 1989-07-13 | Moskovsky Avtomobilny Zavod Imeni I.A.Likhacheva ( | Device for controlling a multi-component transmission of a vehicle |
DE4305762A1 (de) | 1993-02-25 | 1994-09-01 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Gangwechsel bei einem mechanischen Stufengetriebe mit einem Hauptgetriebe und wenigstens einem Vorgelege |
GB9521620D0 (en) * | 1995-10-21 | 1996-01-03 | Eaton Corp | Compound transmission with repeat or double-I shift pattern |
DE19831293A1 (de) * | 1998-07-13 | 2000-01-20 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Getriebesystem |
IT1308411B1 (it) * | 1999-03-05 | 2001-12-17 | Iveco Fiat | Cambio di velocita' per un veicolo industriale. |
JP2001280463A (ja) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-10-10 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | 車両の自動変速装置 |
SE516707C2 (sv) | 2000-05-30 | 2002-02-19 | Volvo Lastvagnar Ab | Drivaggregat för motorfordon |
SE516751C2 (sv) | 2000-05-30 | 2002-02-26 | Volvo Lastvagnar Ab | Växellåda för motorfordon |
DE10136231A1 (de) * | 2001-07-25 | 2003-02-06 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Fahrzeuggetriebe mit progressiver Getriebestufung |
-
2002
- 2002-09-09 SE SE0202704A patent/SE523670C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2003
- 2003-09-05 DE DE60314529T patent/DE60314529T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-05 EP EP03794404A patent/EP1546582B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-05 CN CNB038214040A patent/CN100498012C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-09-05 RU RU2005110407/11A patent/RU2310117C2/ru active
- 2003-09-05 BR BRPI0314015A patent/BRPI0314015B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-09-05 JP JP2004533948A patent/JP4405392B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-09-05 ES ES03794404T patent/ES2287561T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-05 AT AT03794404T patent/ATE365288T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-09-05 AU AU2003256216A patent/AU2003256216A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-09-05 WO PCT/SE2003/001389 patent/WO2004023003A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-09-05 US US10/526,777 patent/US7278950B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2012501267A (ja) * | 2008-08-29 | 2012-01-19 | ボルボ ラストバグナー アーベー | 車両の変速機制御システム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE0202704L (sv) | 2004-03-10 |
BRPI0314015B1 (pt) | 2016-10-04 |
SE0202704D0 (sv) | 2002-09-09 |
ES2287561T3 (es) | 2007-12-16 |
CN1682046A (zh) | 2005-10-12 |
AU2003256216A1 (en) | 2004-03-29 |
CN100498012C (zh) | 2009-06-10 |
WO2004023003A1 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
RU2310117C2 (ru) | 2007-11-10 |
EP1546582B1 (en) | 2007-06-20 |
EP1546582A1 (en) | 2005-06-29 |
US7278950B2 (en) | 2007-10-09 |
US20060162490A1 (en) | 2006-07-27 |
BR0314015A (pt) | 2005-07-19 |
JP4405392B2 (ja) | 2010-01-27 |
DE60314529D1 (de) | 2007-08-02 |
DE60314529T2 (de) | 2008-02-28 |
RU2005110407A (ru) | 2006-01-27 |
SE523670C2 (sv) | 2004-05-11 |
ATE365288T1 (de) | 2007-07-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4405392B2 (ja) | 自動車用段付きギヤボックス | |
US7125362B2 (en) | Hybrid powertrain system including smooth shifting automated transmission | |
EP1706285B1 (en) | Hybrid powertrain system | |
EP2016305B1 (en) | Dual clutch hybrid powershift transmission | |
EP2161154A1 (en) | Vehicular power transmission system | |
CN101201106B (zh) | 用于控制汽车中的助力动力传动系的方法 | |
KR20140130441A (ko) | 빠른 후진의 다속도 자동 변속기 | |
JP3823960B2 (ja) | 車両の変速装置 | |
EP1387778B1 (en) | Drive means for motor vehicles | |
US6869377B2 (en) | Motor vehicle gearbox | |
KR100199174B1 (ko) | 차량용 자동 변속기의 파워 트레인 | |
JPH02157437A (ja) | エンジンの動力伝達装置 | |
EP1549523B1 (en) | An automatic engaging/disengaging method of a coupling-dependent power take-off | |
JPH06249302A (ja) | 電気自動車の歯車変速装置 | |
JP3513135B2 (ja) | 車両用変速装置 | |
JP2004522910A (ja) | 自動車駆動ユニット | |
CN110274017B (zh) | 变速控制装置及变速控制方法 | |
CN110274016B (zh) | 目标扭矩控制装置及目标扭矩控制方法 | |
EP1532014B1 (en) | Drive means for motor vehicles | |
WO2003078197A1 (en) | Motor vehicle drive unit | |
WO2003076227A1 (en) | Transmission device for motor vehicle | |
JP2002340111A (ja) | 副変速機付き変速装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20060613 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20090127 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20090421 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20090428 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20090521 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20090528 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20090626 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20091027 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20091104 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20121113 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 4405392 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20121113 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20131113 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |