JP2005238117A - Classifier - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a classifier surely classifying materials to be treated into magnetic materials and non-magnetic materials in a simple constitution. <P>SOLUTION: The classifier is provided with pulleys 3A, 3B installed at both ends of a frame 2, a belt 4 wound around both the pulleys and a plurality of magnets 3B1 disposed along the circumference edge of a circle of the terminal pulley 3B, and the materials to be treated comprising the non-magnetic materials 11 and the magnetic materials 12 are carried to the terminal pulley side on the belt and the materials to be treated are classified into the non-magnetic materials and the magnetic materials by attracting the magnetic materials onto the surface of the belt by the magnets. A vibration member giving vibration to the materials to be treated is arranged in close proximity to the bottom surface of the belt toward the terminal pulley and the vibration member 5 is constituted of a rotary body 5A and at least one projection piece 5B extending from the rotary body. Intermitting collision of the projection piece to the bottom surface of the belt by rotation of the rotary body gives vibration to the materials to be treated and the materials to be treated are gradually moved, thereby the magnetic materials being moved to the surface side of the belt. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

The present invention relates to a sorter that sorts an object to be processed into a non-magnetic material and a magnetic material, and is not limited to a sorting process in a garbage disposal facility, a recycling facility, or the like. For example, the picked tea leaves and a magnetic material (for example, an iron-based material) The present invention relates to a sorter that can also be used for a process of sorting (metal scrap).
In the present application, the magnetic material refers to the magnet itself or an iron-based metal that can be adsorbed by the magnet, and the non-magnetic material refers to other non-ferrous metals such as aluminum and copper, as well as cereals and tea leaves. It is a term that includes processed materials such as food materials, food products, chemical agents, papers, vegetation and the like.

  In facilities that treat or recycle waste such as large furniture and electrical appliances, the waste is decomposed into treated materials for the purpose of facilitating treatment, and the treated materials are further separated into non-ferrous metals and iron. A process of sorting into the system metal is performed.

  For such a sorting process, a sorter 20 shown in FIG. 5 is used. The sorter 20 rotates endlessly with a belt conveyor composed of pulleys 3A and 3B provided at both ends of the frame 2 and a belt 4 wound around the pulleys 3A and 3B as a basic configuration. The object to be processed is placed on the belt 4 to be sorted and the object to be processed is selected.

  For example, as shown in the drawing, a plurality of magnets 3B1 are equidistantly provided on the circumferential edge of the pulley 3B at the end of the sorter, and the iron in the object to be processed that has been carried on the belt 4 to the end of the sorter. The system metal 22 is attracted or adsorbed to the belt side by magnetic force, and the timing at which the ferrous metal 22 falls from the end of the sorter is delayed from the fall timing of the non-ferrous metal 21 so as to be sorted.

Here, the non-ferrous metal 21 leaves the belt 4 at the end of the sorter and falls below the rear end of the sorter 20 and is put into a dedicated container 15.
On the other hand, the iron-based metal 22 is attracted to the belt 4 by the magnet 3B1, and further moves to the lower side of the pulley with the rotation of the terminal pulley 3B, and the distance between the corresponding magnet 3B1 and the belt 4 is expanded. As a result, the action of the magnetic force is released, so that it falls below the pulley 3B and can be put in the dedicated container 16.

JP 2002-192012 JP 2002-126572 A JP 2002-95995 A JP 2001-62337 A JP 2001-137827 A

  In such a conventional sorter 20, the ferrous metal 22 that moves on the belt 4 toward the end of the sorter is transported in a state of being placed on the non-ferrous metal 21 as shown in FIG. 6. In some cases, the non-ferrous metal 21 may be surrounded. As described above, when the non-ferrous metal 21 is present between the ferrous metal 22 and the belt surface, even if the ferrous metal 22 arrives at the end of the sorter, the magnetic force action by the magnet 3B1 of the end pulley 3B is caused by the iron. There may be a situation where the system metal 22 does not work sufficiently, and the ferrous metal 22 may be sent to the container 15 together with the non-ferrous metal 21.

  In view of the above, the present invention provides a sorter that can reliably sort a workpiece into a non-magnetic material such as a non-ferrous metal and a magnetic material such as a ferrous metal with a simple configuration. For the purpose.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a pulley provided at both ends of a frame, a belt wound around both pulleys, and a plurality of magnets disposed along the circumferential edge of the terminal pulley, and a non-magnetic material. To be processed, especially magnetic material such as iron scraps that may be mixed in non-magnetic materials such as tea leaves, is placed on the belt and conveyed to the terminal pulley side, In a sorting machine that adsorbs the object to be processed to a non-magnetic material such as tea leaves and magnetic material such as iron scrap, a vibrating member that vibrates the object to be processed is directed to the end pulley. The vibrating member is composed of a rotating body and at least one projecting piece extending from the rotating body, and the projecting piece intermittently contacts the belt bottom surface by the rotation of the rotating body. Vibrations on the workpiece by impact Given by small increments moving the object to be processed by this vibration, it is characterized in that it has to move the magnetic substance to the belt surface.

The sorter of the present invention preferably includes a motor that rotates the end pulley and the rotating body coaxially. The projecting piece of the rotating body can be formed such that its tip is round in cross section or curved in the direction opposite to the rotational direction. Furthermore, the tip of the protruding piece may be formed of an elastic member such as rubber, and when this elastic member comes into contact with the bottom surface of the belt, the protruding piece may be bent in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the protruding piece.
In the present invention, a blower may be added toward the non-magnetic material falling from the end of the sorter. In this case, when light lint, hair or other foreign matter that may be mixed into the magnetic material falls with the non-magnetic material from the end of the sorter, it is separated from the non-magnetic material by the air blown from the blower, and no foreign matter is mixed in. A high-quality final object can be obtained.

  According to such a configuration, the projecting piece of the vibration member intermittently contacts the belt, and thereby the belt partially moves up and down while sliding. Then, the workpiece is vibrated by this vertical movement. In this way, vibration is applied so as to screen the object to be processed, so that the object to be processed moves in small increments, and a magnetic material such as a ferrous metal is heavier than a nonmagnetic material such as a nonferrous metal. (Or heavier than the specific gravity of the non-magnetic material), the belt moves toward the belt surface, that is, below the deposit. Therefore, the non-magnetic material and the magnetic material move in the object to be processed that has passed over the vibration member. As a result, the magnetic material is reliably attracted to the magnet by approaching the plurality of magnets disposed along the periphery of the terminal pulley.

  According to the sorting machine of the present invention, a magnetic substance such as an iron-based metal moves under a non-magnetic substance and is conveyed by a sieving action during the conveyance of the object to be processed. It is attracted to the magnet on the end side and separated from the non-magnetic material, and the object to be processed can be reliably sorted into the magnetic material and the non-magnetic material.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the following description, the object to be treated is tea leaves, and as an example of separating magnetic substances such as iron scraps that may be mixed in the tea leaves, tea leaves as non-magnetic substances and iron scraps as magnetic substances. The case of sorting is illustrated.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a sorter 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The sorter 1 is basically composed of a belt conveyor composed of pulleys 3A and 3B provided at both ends of a frame 2 and a belt 4 wound around both pulleys 3A and 3B. As shown, the pulley 3B at the end of the sorter is equipped with a plurality of magnets 3B1 at equal intervals along the circumferential edge.

  The configuration of such a sorter 1 is the same as that of a conventional sorter 20 as shown in FIG. 5, but the sorter 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention has tea leaves 11 and iron as processed objects to be conveyed. A vibration member 5 is provided for changing the vertical position with respect to the scrap 12, that is, so that the iron scrap 12 heavier than the tea leaf 11 moves to the belt surface side (lower side). It is said. When sorting tea leaves, the tea leaves are usually placed and transported on a belt with a thickness of about 5 mm to 10 mm, and the iron scrap 12 in the tea leaves is sometimes located near the top. Or may be transported in the middle of the tea leaves.

The vibration member 5 is disposed between the front end pulley 3A and the rear end pulley 3B and close to the belt 4 toward the rear end pulley 3B. The vibration member 5 should just be arrange | positioned upstream from a magnet.
As shown in the figure, the vibrating member 5 is composed of a rotating body 5A pivotally supported on the frame 2, and a plurality of projecting pieces 5B extending outward from the rotating body 5A. The plurality of projecting pieces 5B intermittently come into contact with the bottom surface of the belt with rotation to give vibration to the object to be processed.
The dimension (length) along the rotation axis of the rotating body 5A is set to about the belt width, and the dimension of each protrusion 5B along the rotation axis of the rotating body 5A is also set to about the belt width. Is desirable. In this way, if each protruding piece 5B extends over the entire belt width, it is possible to uniformly apply vibrations to the portions to be processed arranged in the belt width direction on the belt.

  A power source for driving the vibration member 5 may be provided exclusively for the vibration member, but as shown in the figure, the motor 7 for driving the pulley 3B at the end of the sorter is shared, When the rotating body 5A is rotated, the manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

  Further, as shown in the figure, the diameter of the rotating body 5A of the vibrating member 5 is set to be shorter than the diameter of the pulley 3B at the end of the sorter, so that the rotation higher than the rotation speed of the pulley 3B at the end of the sorter rotates. It is to be given to the body 5A.

  In the illustrated example, the rotating body 5A is rotated by the motor 7 in the direction indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 1, but the rotating body 5A is rotated in the direction opposite to the direction indicated by the dotted line in FIG. You may set so that the rotation direction of the front-end | tip part of the piece 5B and the moving direction of a belt bottom face may mutually reverse.

The shape and the number of the protruding pieces 5B of the vibration member 5 are not limited to those shown in FIG. For example, in the protruding piece 5B shown in FIG. 1, the tip portion is formed in a round cross section so that the contact with the belt bottom surface is smooth, but instead of this, FIGS. As shown in FIG. 3, the tip portion may be formed to bend in the direction opposite to the rotation direction. As a preferred example, the tip of the projecting piece 5B is made of an elastic member such as rubber so that when the projecting piece 5B comes into contact with the bottom surface of the belt, the elastic member bends in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the projecting piece 5B. Thus, the belt 4 is not damaged.
Further, in the vibrating member 5 shown in FIG. 1, three projecting pieces 5B extend from the rotating body 5A around the rotating body 5A at equal angular intervals. The number of projecting pieces 5B is shown in FIG. As shown in (G), 4-6 pieces may be sufficient, or it may be more or less, and if the number of times of contact with the belt 4 of the rotating body 5A is adjusted according to the traveling speed of the belt, Good.

Next, operation | movement of the sorter 1 comprised in this way is demonstrated.
The motor 7 rotates the pulley 3B at the end of the sorter, and the belt 4 slides endlessly around the pulleys 3A and 3B. Further, the rotating body 5A of the vibration member 5 is also rotated by the motor 7, and the plurality of projecting pieces 5B are intermittently brought into contact with the bottom surface of the belt.

  When each projecting piece 5B of the rotating body 5A comes into contact with the bottom surface of the belt 4, the position of the tip of the projecting piece 5B is positioned above the normal (non-contact) position of the belt bottom surface. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the belt portion in contact with each protruding piece 5B slides while being pushed up. Next, the belt portion thus pushed up returns to the original horizontal state when the protruding pieces 5B are separated. Such a vertical movement of a part of the belt continuously occurs and is intermittently generated by each projecting piece 5B, so that vibration is given to the object to be processed and a sieving action is generated.

  At this time, the tea leaves 11 and the iron scraps 12 as the objects to be processed swing in small increments, and the iron scraps 12 positioned in the upper layer of the tea leaves 11 and the iron scraps 12 surrounded by the tea leaves 11 are from the tea leaves 11. Because it is heavy, it moves to the belt side.

Accordingly, the workpiece that has passed over the vibrating member 5 is in a state in which the iron scrap 12 is positioned on the belt surface side and the tea leaves 11 are placed on the iron scrap 12 and conveyed.
Then, when the workpiece whose position relationship has been forcibly changed reaches the pulley 3B at the end of the sorter, the iron scrap 12 in the workpiece is in close contact with the belt surface by the magnet 3B1, and the pulley 3B With the rotation, it moves to the lower side of the pulley, and then the distance between the corresponding magnet 3B1 and the belt 4 is expanded to release the action of the magnetic force, so that the iron scrap 12 falls below the pulley 3B and is dedicated. It can be put in the container 16.
On the other hand, the tea leaves 11 are separated from the belt 4 at the end of the sorter and fall below the sorter and are put into a dedicated container 15 separate from the container 16.
Further, foreign matter 14 such as sand and glass fragments heavier than tea leaves 11 is separated from the belt 4 at the end of the sorter and can be put into another container 17.

  Thus, according to the sorter 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the iron scrap 12 is arranged under the tea leaves 11 by the sieving action in the middle of the conveyance of the object to be processed. The magnetic force of the magnet 3 </ b> B <b> 1 disposed on the pulley 3 </ b> B effectively works on all the iron scraps 12. Therefore, since the iron scraps 12 are not positioned on the tea leaves 11 at the end of the sorter, the iron scraps 12 are not mixed with the tea leaves 11 and put into the tea leaf container 15.

  FIG. 4 shows a sorter 1A according to another embodiment of the present invention. This sorter 1A is configured substantially in the same manner as the sorter 1, but a blower 8 such as an electric fan that sends wind toward an object to be processed (tea leaves 11 and garbage 13 described later) falling from the end of the sorter. It is characterized by having.

  When the wind is sent from the blower 8, the lighter garbage 13 such as lint that falls from the end of the sorter together with the tea leaves 11, that is, the foreign matter lighter in weight than the tea leaves 11 is blown by the wind, and the tea leaves It will be sent away from 11 to another container 18.

  As described above, according to the sorting machine 1A according to another embodiment of the present invention, in addition to being able to sort the object to be processed into the iron scraps 12, the foreign matter 14, and the tea leaves 11, as described above, the blower By providing 8, in addition to the iron dust 12 and foreign matter 14 such as sand, dust 13 such as lint and hair that are lighter than tea leaves can be separated from the tea leaves 11.

  As described above, the present invention can be implemented in various forms without departing from the spirit of the present invention. In the above-described example, the case where the tea leaves 11 as products are selected from the processing objects in which the iron scraps 12 are mixed in the tea leaves 11 is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this and can be used in other applications. For example, as described in the background art, it is needless to say that the present invention may be used when sorting non-ferrous metals and ferrous metals from objects to be treated in waste processing factories or recycling facilities. In the recycling facility, when sorting metal materials incorporated in waste such as structures and equipment, as is known in the art, after dismantling the waste and turning it into metal scrap (processed object), Non-ferrous metals and ferrous metals are selected.

  In addition to selection when iron-based metals are mixed in with other foods or food materials such as wheat flour, chemicals that are lighter in weight than ferrous metals (dried herbal medicines and vegetation that are ingredients of herbal medicine) The present invention can also be used for various types of sorting such as sorting of iron-based metals.

  Furthermore, in the above description, the case where one vibration member 5 is disposed between the pulley 3A and the pulley 3B is shown. However, a plurality of vibration members 5 are disposed along the sliding movement direction of the belt. Also good.

It is a figure which shows the sorter which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A)-(G) is a figure which shows the protrusion which concerns on embodiment of this invention, respectively. It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement of the sorter which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the sorter which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the conventional sorter. It is explanatory drawing for illustrating the problem of the conventional sorter.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1A Sorter 2 Frame 3A, 3B Pulley 3B1 Magnet 4 Belt 5 Vibrating member 5A Rotating body 5B Projection piece 7 Motor 8 Blower 11 Tea leaf 12 Iron scrap 14 Foreign material 15-17 Container

Claims (7)

A pulley provided at both ends of the frame, a belt wound around both pulleys, and a plurality of magnets disposed along the circumferential edge of the terminal pulley;
An object to be processed containing a magnetic material that may be mixed in a non-magnetic material is placed on the belt and conveyed to the terminal pulley side, and the magnetic object is adsorbed on the surface of the belt by the magnet. In a sorting machine that sorts the non-magnetic material and the magnetic material,
A vibrating member that vibrates the object to be processed is disposed close to the bottom surface of the belt toward the terminal pulley,
The vibrating member is composed of a rotating body and at least one projecting piece extending from the rotating body,
The protrusion is intermittently brought into contact with the bottom surface of the belt by the rotation of the rotating body, so that the workpiece is vibrated,
A sorter characterized in that the object to be processed moves in small steps by this vibration, and the magnetic substance is moved to the belt surface side.   The sorter according to claim 1, further comprising a motor that rotates both the terminal pulley and the rotating body.   The sorter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a tip of the protruding piece is formed in a round cross section.   The sorter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a tip portion of the projecting piece is formed to bend in a direction opposite to a rotation direction.   The tip of the projecting piece is made of an elastic member such as rubber, and when the elastic member comes into contact with the bottom surface of the belt, the projecting piece bends in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the projecting piece. Or the sorter of 2.   The non-magnetic material is any one of dried herbs, herbal medicines such as vegetation, foodstuffs such as cereals and tea leaves, and food materials having a specific gravity lower than that of the magnetic material. The sorter according to any one of?   A blower that blows air toward the non-magnetic material falling from the end of the sorter is further provided, and foreign matter such as lint that is lighter than the non-magnetic material that falls together with the non-magnetic material from the end of the sorter is blown to the non-magnetic material. The sorter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the sorter is sorted from an object.

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