JP2001276647A - Sorter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a separator which improves the separation accuracy of nonferrous metals and nonmetals. SOLUTION: A belt 3, which is wound across a pair of rotating roller bodies 1 and 2 and transports crushed refuse is composed of a conductive material. The downstream side rotating roller body 2 is internally provided freely rotatably with a magnetic field imparting roller body 4 which is alternately provided with N poles and S poles on its surface and imparts alternating magnetic fields to the crushed refuse. A needle-like electrode 5 for corona discharge is disposed in a position diagonally above the downstream side rotating roller body 2. A high-voltage power source 6 for impressing a negative high voltage is disposed between the needle-like electrode 5 and the grounded downstream side rotating roller body 2. The nonmetals, such as plastic, are attracted to the downstream side rotating roller body side by the corona discharge effect, by which the separation accuracy of the nonferrous metals and the nonmetals is improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a separation apparatus for separating metals and non-metals such as combustibles from crushed refuse, and further for separating non-ferrous metals such as aluminum.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a refuse treatment plant, refuse is crushed and separated into metals and non-metals such as combustibles in order to recycle resources, and non-ferrous metals such as aluminum are separated and recovered. Have been.

Conventionally, as this type of sorting device, there is a device utilizing magnetic force, that is, eddy current. As shown in FIG. 2, the sorting apparatus has a structure in which N-poles and S-poles are alternately provided on the surface of a rotating roller body 52 on the lower side of a belt conveyor 51 that conveys crushed waste in a predetermined direction. A magnetic field applying roller body 53 capable of applying an alternating magnetic field is rotatably arranged.

When the crushed dust placed on the belt 54 of the belt conveyor 51 reaches the position of the lower rotating roller body 52, iron-based metals, which are magnetic substances, are given from the magnetic field applying roller body 53. It is attracted to the surface of the belt 54 by the magnetic force, is reversed to the lower surface, and is dropped and collected in the uppermost collection chamber 55a near the uppermost position.

On the other hand, non-metallic combustibles, for example, plastics, are not sucked by the rotating roller body 52 but are discharged forward by centrifugal force at the rotating roller body 52, and It is dropped and collected in an intermediate collection chamber 55b provided at an intermediate position below and forward of the body 52.

Further, non-ferrous metals, such as aluminum, are non-magnetic materials but are conductive (good conductors) and receive an alternating magnetic field from the magnetic field applying roller body 53 to generate eddy currents therein. Due to the electromagnetic induction effect based on the interaction between the eddy current and the magnetic flux, a forward force acts on the aluminum, and the aluminum is dropped and collected in the lower collection chamber 55c provided at the lowermost position.

[0007]

However, according to the sorting apparatus utilizing the electromagnetic induction, the forward force acts on both non-ferrous metals such as aluminum and non-metals such as plastics. However, there is a problem that the separation between non-ferrous metals and non-metals is not sufficiently performed.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a sorting apparatus capable of improving the accuracy of separating non-ferrous metals from non-ferrous metals.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a sorting apparatus according to the present invention comprises a pair of rotating rollers arranged in front and rear, and a winding device wound between these two rotating rollers. An endless belt formed of a conductive material while conveying the selected material in a predetermined direction, and a rotatable and rotatable surface disposed inside a lower-side rotating roller body positioned on a lower side in a conveying direction of the endless band. A magnetic field applying roller body in which N poles and S poles are alternately provided to apply an alternating magnetic field to the conveyed object on the endless belt-like body; and a corona discharge electrode provided above the lower rotating roller body. And a power supply for applying a negative high voltage between the corona discharge electrode and the grounded rotary roller body; and a power source disposed below the lower side rotary roller body, such as an iron-based metal or plastic. Non-metals and aluminum Um in which the collection chamber for separating and recovering non-ferrous metals such as is constituted by a collection container provided.

According to the above-mentioned structure, the object to be sorted is affected by the magnetic force from the magnetic field applying roller body and the emission of negative ions from the corona discharge electrode. Is dropped and collected in a predetermined collection chamber only by the influence of

On the other hand, non-metals such as plastics are not affected by the magnetic force from the magnetic field applying roller body, but are attracted to the rotating roller body side by the influence of negative ions, and are collected in a predetermined collection chamber. Is collected.

As for non-ferrous metals such as aluminum and austenitic stainless steel, there is no suction action to the rotating roller body side by corona discharge, but the urging force to the side opposite to the rotating roller body due to electromagnetic induction action. Also, due to the centrifugal force at the reversing part, the liquid is expelled vigorously forward, and is dropped and collected in the collection chamber located at the lowermost position. That is,
Separation accuracy between non-ferrous metals and non-metals is improved.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A sorting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. This sorting device
As shown in FIG. 1, a pair of rotating roller bodies 1 and 2 arranged at a front and rear position separated by a predetermined distance, and the material to be sorted wound around the two rotating roller bodies 1 and 2 in a predetermined direction. For example, a metal belt (an example of an endless belt) 3 made of a conductive material while being conveyed, and a rotating roller body located on the lower side in the conveying direction of the belt 3 (hereinafter, referred to as a lower-side rotating roller body) A magnetic field applying roller body 4 which is rotatably driven by a rotary driving device (not shown) inside the N 2 and which is provided with N poles and S poles alternately on its surface to apply an alternating magnetic field; A needle-like electrode for corona discharge (an example of a corona discharge electrode, for example, a linear electrode) 5 provided at a position obliquely above the lower side of the roller body 2 and at a predetermined distance from the surface thereof; Needle electrode 5 and ground (contact ), A high-voltage power supply 6 for applying a high negative voltage between the rotating roller body 2, and iron-based metals and combustibles which are disposed below the lower rotating roller body 2 and are magnetic substances. And a collection container 7 provided with respective collection chambers 7a, 7b and 7c for separating and collecting non-metals such as plastics and non-ferrous metals such as aluminum and austenitic stainless steel which are non-magnetic materials. ing. The iron collection room 7 for collecting iron-based metals
a is disposed closer to the upper side, and a non-metal recovery chamber 7b for recovering non-metals such as plastic is disposed at an intermediate position immediately below the rotating roller body 2 to recover non-ferrous metals such as aluminum and stainless steel. The collection chamber 7c is disposed in front of and below the rotary roller body 2.

A scraping member (for example, a scraper, a scraper, etc.) for dropping the iron-based metal sucked (adsorbed) on the belt 3 is provided at the lower surface of the reverse side of the belt 3 corresponding to the iron collection chamber 7a. (A rotating brush or the like is used) 8 is provided.

A belt 3 for transporting the objects to be sorted is driven by the two rotating roller bodies 1 and 2, and a magnetic field applying roller body 4 is rotated in the same direction as the belt 3 and at a higher moving speed than the belt 3. In a state where a predetermined high voltage is applied between the lower rotating roller body 2 and the needle electrode 5, non-metals such as iron-based metals and plastics, and non-ferrous metals such as aluminum and austenitic stainless steel When the crushed garbage in which the kinds are mixed is supplied onto the belt 3 by, for example, the fixed amount supply device 9, the crushed garbage spreads in a layer on the surface thereof and is conveyed toward the lower rotating roller body 2.

In the lower rotating roller body 2, the magnetic field applying roller body 4 provided inside is rotated at a higher speed than the rotating roller body 2. Is attracted (adsorbed) to the metal belt 3 by the magnetic force given by the magnetic field applying roller body 4, and reversely moves to the lower surface.
a.

Incidentally, a negative high voltage is applied to the needle electrode 5 side, and negative ions collide with the iron-based metals passing through this portion by corona discharge from the needle electrode 5. Negative charges are only absorbed by the rotating roller body 2 via the belt 3 and have little special effect.

On the other hand, non-metals such as plastic are not affected by the magnetic force from the magnetic field applying roller body 4, but negative ions are generated when passing through the corona discharge field from the needle electrode 2. Collision occurs, and negative charges remain because of the insulating material.

Accordingly, the non-metals remaining with the negative charges are sucked toward the rotating roller body 2 on the positive electrode side, that is, on the surface of the belt 3, and the non-metals below the rotating roller body 2 within the effective range of the suction force. To the non-ferrous metal recovery chamber 7b.

Further, as for non-ferrous metals such as non-magnetic material such as aluminum and austenitic stainless steel, there is no attracting action to the rotating roller body 2 side by corona discharge, but the rotating roller body 2 due to electromagnetic induction action. Of the non-ferrous metal recovery chamber 7c which is vigorously discharged forward by the urging force to the opposite side and the centrifugal force at the reversing portion,
Is collected. That is, the separation accuracy between non-ferrous metals and non-metals is improved.

[0021] Even for iron-based metals, 10 mm
Smaller pieces of metal are weakly attracted to the rotating roller body 2 by the magnetic force, and are discharged forward together with non-metals such as plastic. However, the non-metals are released by the corona discharge action. , The accuracy of separating small metal pieces and nonmetals is also improved. Therefore, it is possible to facilitate post-processing work of non-metals such as plastics.

[0022]

As described above, according to the structure of the sorting apparatus of the present invention, in addition to the action of discharging electromagnetic waves to the object to be sorted out to the opposite side of the rotating roller body, a corona discharge action is provided. Because of the addition, the separation accuracy between non-ferrous metals such as aluminum and non-ferrous metals such as plastic can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a sorting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a conventional sorting apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Lower side rotating roller body 3 Belt 4 Magnetic field applying roller body 5 Needle electrode 6 High voltage power supply 7 Collection container

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) B03C 7/02 B03C 7/06 7/06 1/24 A (72) Inventor Daisuke Tamakoshi Suminoe, Osaka-shi, Osaka 1-7-89, Minami Kohoku Ward, Hitachi Zosen Corporation (72) Inventor Shogo Hamada 1-7, 89 Minami Kohoku, Suminoe-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Prefecture F-term in Hitachi Zosen Corporation 4D054 GA01 GA09 GB03 GB09

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pair of rotating roller bodies disposed in front and behind,
An endless belt formed of a conductive material while being conveyed in a predetermined direction while being wound between these two rotating roller bodies, and a lower side located on a lower side in a conveying direction of the endless band. A magnetic field applying roller body rotatably disposed inside the rotating roller body and having alternating N-poles and S-poles on its surface to apply an alternating magnetic field to the conveyed object on the endless belt; A corona discharge electrode provided at a position above the side rotating roller body, a power supply for applying a negative high voltage between the corona discharge electrode and the grounded rotating roller body, and a lower side rotating roller body. And a collection container provided with a collection chamber for separating and collecting non-metals such as ferrous metals and plastics and non-ferrous metals such as aluminum and the like. .