JP2005290085A - 表刷り用グラビア印刷インキ組成物および印刷物 - Google Patents
表刷り用グラビア印刷インキ組成物および印刷物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2005290085A JP2005290085A JP2004103953A JP2004103953A JP2005290085A JP 2005290085 A JP2005290085 A JP 2005290085A JP 2004103953 A JP2004103953 A JP 2004103953A JP 2004103953 A JP2004103953 A JP 2004103953A JP 2005290085 A JP2005290085 A JP 2005290085A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- parts
- ketone
- ink composition
- ink
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000003854 Surface Print Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000007646 gravure printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229920006276 ketonic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 67
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- -1 polyol compound Chemical class 0.000 description 24
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 24
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 14
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 12
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(aminomethyl)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N)CC(C)(CN)C1 RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 6
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LHIJANUOQQMGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoethylethanolamine Chemical compound NCCNCCO LHIJANUOQQMGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002433 Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- ARXKVVRQIIOZGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-butanetriol Chemical compound OCCC(O)CO ARXKVVRQIIOZGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyraldehyde Chemical compound CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000298 Cellophane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cycloheptane Chemical compound C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IIEWJVIFRVWJOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylcyclohexane Chemical compound CCC1CCCCC1 IIEWJVIFRVWJOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- HSEMFIZWXHQJAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O HSEMFIZWXHQJAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004658 ketimines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pimelic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCC(O)=O WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWVMLYRJXORSEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,6-Hexanetriol Chemical compound OCCCCC(O)CO ZWVMLYRJXORSEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCC1=CC=CC=C1CN=C=O FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGHSXKTVMPXHNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=CC(N=C=O)=C1 VGHSXKTVMPXHNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDMDQYCEEKCBGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatocyclohexane Chemical compound O=C=NC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 CDMDQYCEEKCBGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBJCUZQNHOLYMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-Naphthalene diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N=C=O)=CC=CC2=C1N=C=O SBJCUZQNHOLYMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATOUXIOKEJWULN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-diisocyanato-2,2,4-trimethylhexane Chemical compound O=C=NCCC(C)CC(C)(C)CN=C=O ATOUXIOKEJWULN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWKVFRNCODQPDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-aminoethylamino)propan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CNCCN CWKVFRNCODQPDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLSQYTKEUVPIJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1-aminopropan-2-ylamino)ethanol Chemical compound NCC(C)NCCO QLSQYTKEUVPIJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBBUAWSVILPJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-ethylhexoxymethyl)oxirane Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COCC1CO1 BBBUAWSVILPJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSUQLAYJZDEMOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(butoxymethyl)oxirane Chemical compound CCCCOCC1CO1 YSUQLAYJZDEMOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPSWDCBWMRJJED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol;oxirane Chemical compound C1CO1.C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 WPSWDCBWMRJJED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGVHNLRUAMRIEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylcyclohexan-1-one Chemical compound CC1CCC(=O)CC1 VGVHNLRUAMRIEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000972 Agathis dammara Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004709 Chlorinated polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004859 Copal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002871 Dammar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORAWFNKFUWGRJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Docosanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O ORAWFNKFUWGRJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000782205 Guibourtia conjugata Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000177 Indigofera tinctoria Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HFJRKMMYBMWEAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lauraldehyde Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC=O HFJRKMMYBMWEAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HDONYZHVZVCMLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.CC1CCCCC1 Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.CC1CCCCC1 HDONYZHVZVCMLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinacridone Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC1=C2 NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLZVEHJLHYMBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetradecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCN PLZVEHJLHYMBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002978 Vinylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005456 alcohol based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000751 azo group Chemical group [*]N=N[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- JGCWKVKYRNXTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane;isocyanic acid Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.C1CC2CCC1C2 JGCWKVKYRNXTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIDWMNWHRMHRSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,3-diol;propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCCO.CC(O)CCO NIDWMNWHRMHRSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WJTCGQSWYFHTAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclooctane Chemical compound C1CCCCCCC1 WJTCGQSWYFHTAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004914 cyclooctane Substances 0.000 description 1
- TUTWLYPCGCUWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(N)=O TUTWLYPCGCUWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFLOHTNUDWSGEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-2,2-diol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(C)(O)O AFLOHTNUDWSGEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate Chemical compound C1CC(N=C=O)CCC1CC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KIQKWYUGPPFMBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisocyanatomethane Chemical compound O=C=NCN=C=O KIQKWYUGPPFMBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPSZHCXTGRHULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxazine Chemical compound O1ON=CC=C1 PPSZHCXTGRHULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- MMTLYMZSXWTOJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC=O MMTLYMZSXWTOJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILRSCQWREDREME-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O ILRSCQWREDREME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003759 ester based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- IONMUCYQDGALHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1-phenylethanone Chemical compound O=C.CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IONMUCYQDGALHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940097275 indigo Drugs 0.000 description 1
- COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indigo powder Natural products N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C1=C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2N1 COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXZQEOJJUGGUIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoindolin-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NCC2=C1 PXZQEOJJUGGUIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWVMLCQWXVFZCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoindoline Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CNCC2=C1 GWVMLCQWXVFZCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005453 ketone based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- SFIHQZFZMWZOJV-HZJYTTRNSA-N linoleamide Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O SFIHQZFZMWZOJV-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular oxygen Chemical compound C.O=O CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYLRODJJLADBOB-QMMMGPOBSA-N methyl (2s)-2,6-diisocyanatohexanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)[C@@H](N=C=O)CCCCN=C=O AYLRODJJLADBOB-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEALYLRSRQDCRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N myristamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O QEALYLRSRQDCRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVXBCDWMKCEPCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)O FVXBCDWMKCEPCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTHCSWBWNVGEFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(N)=O LTHCSWBWNVGEFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEIJHBUUFURJLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-1,8-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCO OEIJHBUUFURJLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012536 packaging technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N perinone Chemical compound C12=NC3=CC=CC=C3N2C(=O)C2=CC=C3C4=C2C1=CC=C4C(=O)N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C13 DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 1
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical compound CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline yellow Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C3C(C4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)=O)=CC=C21 IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004151 quinonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N thioindigo Chemical compound S\1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C/1=C1/C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2S1 JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric aldehyde Natural products CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
Abstract
インキの長期保存が可能であり、印刷品質に優れ、光沢があり、長期高温・多湿下での保存においてフィルム中に含まれる酸化防止剤の変色の低減、テーブルクロスなどに用いられている軟質塩化ビニルシートと印刷物が接着しないための耐塩ビブロッキング性が良好で、食用油に対する耐油性および食品製造並びに包装機器に離型、防錆、滑走、付着防止の目的で使用する無菌食用及び機器用油に対する耐油性、さらに環境衛生にも優れた表刷り用グラビア印刷インキ組成物を提供する。
【構成】
分子中に少なくとも1個のケトン基がヒドロキシ基に水素添加された数平均分子量500〜1500であるケトン−アルデヒド樹脂(A)と数平均分子量500〜4000であるポリオール(B)と有機ジイソシアネート(C)と鎖伸長剤(D)を反応させて得られるポリウレタン樹脂からなることを特徴とする表刷り用グラビア印刷インキ組成物。
Description
また、本発明は上記(A)/(B)成分の重量比が5〜40/95〜60であることを特徴とする表刷り用グラビア印刷インキ組成物に関する。
加えて、本発明は、印刷インキ組成物をプラスティックフィルムに印刷してなる印刷物に関する。
無機顔料としては、カーボンブラック、酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛、硫化亜鉛、硫酸バリウム、炭酸カルシウム、酸化クロム、シリカ、ベンガラ、アルミニウム、カオリンクレー、タルク、マイカ(雲母)などが挙げられる。また、ガラスフレークまたは塊状フレークを母材とした上に金属、もしくは金属酸化物をコートした光輝性顔料(メタシャイン:日本板硝子株式会社)を使用できる。白インキには酸化チタン、墨インキにはカーボンブラック、金、銀インキにはアルミニウム、パールインキにはマイカ(雲母)を使用することがコストや着色力の点から好ましい。
アルミニウムは粉末またはペースト状であるが、取り扱い性および安全性の面からペースト状で使用するのが好ましくリーフィングまたはノンリーフィングを使用するかは輝度感および濃度の点から適宣選択される。
着色剤はインキの濃度・着色力を確保するのに充分な量、すなわちインキの総重量に対して1〜50重量%の割合で含まれることが好ましい。また、着色剤は単独で、または2種類以上を併用して用いることが出来る。
以下,実施例および比較例を挙げて本発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれら各例に限定されるものではない。なお、各例中の「部」および「%」は「重量部」および「重量%」を表す。
(合成例1)
撹拌機、温度計、還流冷却器および窒素ガス導入管を備えた四ツ口フラスコに水素添加されたケトン−アルデヒド樹脂(DEGUSSA社製SYNTHETHICRESIEN SK 数平均分子量800水酸基価325mgKOH/g)18.3部、平均分子量1000のポリプロピレングリコール206.8部、イソホロンジイソシアネート93.8部および酢酸エチル237.2部を仕込み、窒素気流下に90℃で6時間反応させ末端イソシアネートプレポリマーを得た。次いでイソホロンジアミン25.1部、2−ヒドロキシエチルエチレンジアミン1.6部、ジ−n−ブチルアミン4.4部、酢酸エチル242.8部、イソプロピルアルコール170部
を混合した物に、得られた末端イソシアネートプレポリマー全量を室温で徐々に添加し、次に50℃で1時間反応させ固形分35%、25℃における粘度500mPaS、数平均分子量80,000のポリウレタン樹脂1)ワニスを得た。
(合成例2)
水素添加されたケトン−アルデヒド樹脂(DEGUSSA社製SYNTHETHICRESIEN SK)41.2部、平均分子量1000のポリプロピレングリコール172.6部、イソホロンジイソシアネート102,3部および酢酸エチル237.2部を反応させ、末端イソシアネートプレポリマーを得た。次いでイソホロンジアミン27.4部、2−ヒドロキシエチルエチレンジアミン1.8部、ジ−n−ブチルアミン4.8部、酢酸エチル242.8部、イソプロピルアルコール170.0部の混合溶液と反応させ固形分35%、25℃における粘度500mPaS、数平均分子量90,000のポリウレタン樹脂2)ワニスを得た。なお合成方法は合成例1と同様に行った。
(合成例3)
水素添加されたケトン−アルデヒド樹脂(DEGUSSA社製SYNTHETHICRESIEN SK)26.4部、平均分子量2000のポリプロピレングリコール232.9部、イソホロンジイソシアネート68.1部および酢酸エチル237.2部を反応させ、末端イソシアネートプレポリマーを得た。次いでイソホロンジアミン18.2部、2−ヒドロキシエチルエチレンジアミン1.1部、ジ−n−ブチルアミン3.2部、酢酸エチル242.8部、イソプロピルアルコール170.0部の混合溶液と反応させ固形分35%、25℃における粘度500mPaS、数平均分子量80,000のポリウレタン樹脂3)ワニスを得た。なお合成方法は合成例1と同様に行った。
(比較合成例1)
水素添加されたケトン−アルデヒド樹脂(DEGUSSA社製SYNTHETHICRESIEN SK)33.8部、平均分子量6000のポリプロピレングリコール253.5部、イソホロンジイソシアネート47.1部および酢酸エチル237.2部を反応させ、末端イソシアネートプレポリマーを得た。次いでイソホロンジアミン12.6部、2−ヒドロキシエチルエチレンジアミン0.8部、ジ−n−ブチルアミン2.2部、酢酸エチル242.8部、イソプロピルアルコール170.0部の混合溶液と反応させ固形分35%、25℃における粘度500mPaS、数平均分子量70,000のポリウレタン樹脂4)ワニスを得た。なお合成方法は合成例1と同様に行った。
(比較合成例2)
撹拌機、温度計、還流冷却器および窒素ガス導入管を備えた四ツ口フラスコに、水素添加されたケトン−アルデヒド樹脂(DEGUSSA社製 SYNTHETHICRESIEN SK)351.5部、イソホロンジアミン48.5部および酢酸エチル600部を仕込み、窒素気流下に90℃で6時間反応させ、固形分40%、25℃における粘度400mPa・s、数平均分子量5,000のウレタン樹脂5)ワニスを得た。
(比較合成例3)
数平均分子量1000のポリプロピレングリコール234.2部とイソホロンジイソシアネート86.9部および酢酸エチル237.2部を反応させ末端イソシアネートプレポリマーを得た。次いでイソホロンジアミン23.3部、2−ヒドロキシエチルエチレンジアミン1.5部、ジ−n−ブチルアミン4.1部、酢酸エチル242.8部、イソプロピルアルコール170.0部の混合溶液と反応させ、固形分35%、25℃における粘度500mPaS、数平均分子量80,000のポリウレタン樹脂6)ワニスを得た。
(比較合成例5)アクリル樹脂の合成
撹拌機、温度計、還流冷却器および窒素ガス導入管を備えた四ツ口フラスコに、メチルアクリレート16部、メチルメタクリレート58部、アクリル酸8部、スチレン18部およびメチルエチルケトン200部を仕込み、窒素気流下で、攪拌しながら90℃まで昇温して、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル2部を加えて2時間重合反応を行い、分離・精製したもの42部を、酢酸エチル40部とイソプロピルアルコール18部を添加し、固形分42%、酸価160、重量平均分子量13、000のアクリル樹脂ワニスを得た。
<マレイン酸樹脂の調整>
(調整例1)
マレイン酸樹脂(マルキード31 荒川化学(株)製)60部をメタノール30部に混合溶解させて、試験用マレイン酸樹脂ワニスを得た。
<塩化ビニル−酢酸ビニル共重合体の調整>
(調整例2)
塩化ビニル−酢酸ビニル共重合体(ソルバインTA5R 日信化学(株)製)25部を、酢酸エチル75部に混合溶解させて、試験用塩化ビニル−酢酸ビニル共重合体ワニスを得た。
<ニトロセルロースの調整>
(調整例3)
ニトロセルロース(1/8H、旭化成(株)製)30部を、酢酸エチル30部とイソプロピルアルコール40部に混合溶解させて、試験用ニトロセルロースワニスを得た。
A:光沢値60以上
B:光沢値40以上60未満
C:光沢値40未満
A:インキが全く剥離しなかったもの。
B:インキがフィルムから剥離した面積がテープ接着面積の20〜50%のもの。
C:インキがフィルムから剥離した面積がテープ接着面積の50%を超えるもの。
A:インキが全く剥離しなかったもの。
B:インキがフィルムから剥離した面積が10〜40%のもの。
C:インキがフィルムから剥離した面積が40%を超えるもの。
A:最低温度が170℃以上のもの。
B:最低温度が140℃以上、170℃未満のもの。
C:最低温度が140℃未満のもの。
A:50回以上
B:10回以上50回未満
C:10回未満
A:インキの取られが10%未満のもの。
B:インキの取られが10〜40%のもの。
C:インキの取られが40%を超えるもの。
A: Δbが0.5 以下
B: Δbが0.5以上3未満
C: Δbが3以上
A:ハイライト部(3%)まで諧調再現性がある。
B:ハイライト部(3%)が諧調再現性がない。
C:ハイライト部(3%)と中間部(50%)間で諧調再現性がない。
A:分離及び/または沈殿が発生していない。
B:分離ま及び/たは沈殿が発生した。
C:激しく分離及び/または沈殿が発生した。及び/またはゲル化した。
A:分離及び/または沈殿が発生していない。
B:分離ま及び/たは沈殿が発生した。
C:激しく分離及び/または沈殿が発生した。及び/またはゲル化した。
Claims (3)
- 分子中に少なくとも1個のケトン基がヒドロキシ基に水素添加された数平均分子量500〜1500であるケトン−アルデヒド樹脂(A)と数平均分子量500〜4000であるポリオール(B)と有機ジイソシアネート(C)と鎖伸長剤(D)を反応させて得られるポリウレタン樹脂からなることを特徴とする表刷り用グラビア印刷インキ組成物。
- 上記(A)/(B)成分の重量比が5〜40/95〜60であることを特徴とする請求項1の表刷り用グラビア印刷インキ組成物。
- 請求項1または2記載の印刷インキ組成物をプラスティックフィルムに印刷してなる印刷物。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004103953A JP4506239B2 (ja) | 2004-03-31 | 2004-03-31 | 表刷り用グラビア印刷インキ組成物および印刷物 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004103953A JP4506239B2 (ja) | 2004-03-31 | 2004-03-31 | 表刷り用グラビア印刷インキ組成物および印刷物 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2005290085A true JP2005290085A (ja) | 2005-10-20 |
JP4506239B2 JP4506239B2 (ja) | 2010-07-21 |
Family
ID=35323394
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004103953A Expired - Fee Related JP4506239B2 (ja) | 2004-03-31 | 2004-03-31 | 表刷り用グラビア印刷インキ組成物および印刷物 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP4506239B2 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2012012597A (ja) * | 2010-06-04 | 2012-01-19 | Toyo Ink Sc Holdings Co Ltd | 表刷り用グラビアインキ組成物 |
JP2018058979A (ja) * | 2016-10-04 | 2018-04-12 | サカタインクス株式会社 | 表刷り用グラビア印刷インキ組成物 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4839666B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-22 | 2011-12-21 | 東洋インキScホールディングス株式会社 | 表刷り用グラビア印刷インキ組成物 |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5013415A (ja) * | 1973-06-08 | 1975-02-12 | ||
JPH03115373A (ja) * | 1989-09-28 | 1991-05-16 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | 印刷インキ |
JPH03168253A (ja) * | 1989-11-29 | 1991-07-22 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | 印刷インキ |
JPH09118855A (ja) * | 1995-10-25 | 1997-05-06 | Sakata Corp | 印刷インキ組成物およびその用途 |
JPH1067959A (ja) * | 1996-08-28 | 1998-03-10 | Sakata Corp | 印刷インキ組成物 |
JPH10130359A (ja) * | 1996-10-23 | 1998-05-19 | Huels Ag | 水性樹脂分散液 |
JPH1112338A (ja) * | 1997-06-19 | 1999-01-19 | Arakawa Chem Ind Co Ltd | ポリアルコール樹脂の製造法 |
JP2003277669A (ja) * | 2002-03-25 | 2003-10-02 | Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd | 印刷インキ用バインダー組成物 |
-
2004
- 2004-03-31 JP JP2004103953A patent/JP4506239B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5013415A (ja) * | 1973-06-08 | 1975-02-12 | ||
JPH03115373A (ja) * | 1989-09-28 | 1991-05-16 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | 印刷インキ |
JPH03168253A (ja) * | 1989-11-29 | 1991-07-22 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | 印刷インキ |
JPH09118855A (ja) * | 1995-10-25 | 1997-05-06 | Sakata Corp | 印刷インキ組成物およびその用途 |
JPH1067959A (ja) * | 1996-08-28 | 1998-03-10 | Sakata Corp | 印刷インキ組成物 |
JPH10130359A (ja) * | 1996-10-23 | 1998-05-19 | Huels Ag | 水性樹脂分散液 |
JPH1112338A (ja) * | 1997-06-19 | 1999-01-19 | Arakawa Chem Ind Co Ltd | ポリアルコール樹脂の製造法 |
JP2003277669A (ja) * | 2002-03-25 | 2003-10-02 | Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd | 印刷インキ用バインダー組成物 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2012012597A (ja) * | 2010-06-04 | 2012-01-19 | Toyo Ink Sc Holdings Co Ltd | 表刷り用グラビアインキ組成物 |
JP2018058979A (ja) * | 2016-10-04 | 2018-04-12 | サカタインクス株式会社 | 表刷り用グラビア印刷インキ組成物 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4506239B2 (ja) | 2010-07-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6636483B2 (ja) | 軟包装用ラミネート用印刷インキ組成物 | |
JP3001358B2 (ja) | プラスチックフィルム用水性印刷インキ組成物、水性ラミネート用接着剤、およびそれを用いたラミネート加工物の製造方法 | |
JP5848837B1 (ja) | 軟包装用ラミネート用インキ組成物 | |
JP6406329B2 (ja) | グラビアインキおよび印刷物 | |
KR101613630B1 (ko) | 인쇄잉크용 바니시 및 이를 이용한 인쇄잉크 조성물 | |
JP5937285B1 (ja) | 軟包装用ラミネートインキ組成物 | |
JP6464403B2 (ja) | グラビアインキおよび印刷物 | |
JP6136121B2 (ja) | 水性ポリウレタン樹脂およびその利用 | |
JP5487492B1 (ja) | 印刷インキ積層体 | |
JP6424717B2 (ja) | アルコール系インキ組成物およびそれを用いた印刷物、積層体 | |
JP2016196560A (ja) | 表刷り用グラビア印刷インキ組成物 | |
JP2015108057A (ja) | 軟包装用ラミネート用インキ組成物 | |
WO2013146452A1 (ja) | 印刷インキバインダー用ポリウレタン樹脂組成物 | |
JP4839666B2 (ja) | 表刷り用グラビア印刷インキ組成物 | |
JP4506226B2 (ja) | 表刷り用グラビア印刷インキ組成物および印刷物 | |
JP6688649B2 (ja) | 軟包装用ラミネートインキ組成物 | |
JP2015108056A (ja) | ラミネート用インキ組成物の製造方法 | |
JP6492704B2 (ja) | ポリエステルフィルム貼付け金属板用インキ組成物 | |
JP2015227393A (ja) | 軟包装用ラミネートインキ組成物 | |
JP4506239B2 (ja) | 表刷り用グラビア印刷インキ組成物および印刷物 | |
JP4285069B2 (ja) | 表刷り用グラビア印刷インキ組成物 | |
JP2019001932A (ja) | リキッドインキ組成物 | |
JP2023173862A (ja) | 軟包装用ラミネート用印刷インキ組成物、印刷方法、印刷物及びラミネート積層体 | |
JP2017039836A (ja) | 軟包装用ラミネートインキ組成物 | |
JP6066677B2 (ja) | リキッドインキ |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20061002 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20090721 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20090904 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20100406 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20100419 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130514 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 4506239 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130514 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
S533 | Written request for registration of change of name |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313533 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130514 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140514 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |