JP2005098838A - Residual fuel amount measuring apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a residual fuel amount measuring apparatus for measuring the residual amount of stored liquid fuel independently of its attitude. <P>SOLUTION: A space in a container 2 is divided into a pressurization channel 32, a pressure adjustment chamber 38, a plurality of liquid chambers 31, and a communication chamber 43. The cross section areas of these liquid chambers 31 are different from each other. The pressurization channel 32 communicates with the adjustment chamber 38. The respective liquid chambers 31 open at their rear ends to the adjustment chamber 38. The respective liquid chambers 31 communicate with the communication chamber 43 via communication holes 34, and the opening areas of the communication holes 34 are equal to each other. An inlet 44 and an outlet 47, communicating with the communication chamber 43, are formed in a front end face of the container 2. The liquid chambers 31 are divided from each other by viscous bodies 10, and the communication chamber 43 side portions of the liquid chambers 31 and the communication chamber 43 are filled with fuel 99. An electricity generation module 91 is provided with a sensor 81 for detecting any viscous body 10 when the viscous body 10 is situated rather close to some communication hole 34. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a fuel remaining amount measuring apparatus that measures the remaining amount of liquid fuel remaining in a container when liquid fuel stored in the container is supplied to a power generation module.

  In recent years, small electronic devices such as mobile phones, notebook personal computers, digital cameras, watches, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistance), and electronic notebooks have made remarkable progress and development. Since the electronic apparatus as described above is small, it is used while being held in various orientations and postures according to the use scene of the user. For example, if it is a notebook personal computer, it is carried while being held in a small side, and if it is a mobile phone or a digital camera, it is carried in a state of being stored in a pocket or back in a casual manner.

  As power sources for the electronic devices as described above, primary batteries such as alkaline dry batteries and manganese dry batteries or secondary batteries such as nickel-cadmium storage batteries, nickel-hydrogen storage batteries, and lithium ion batteries are used. However, when the primary battery and the secondary battery are verified from the viewpoint of energy use efficiency, it cannot be said that effective use of energy is necessarily achieved. On the other hand, a fuel cell is one that takes out electric energy directly from chemical energy by electrochemically reacting fuel and oxygen in the atmosphere, and is positioned as a promising cell with great potential. Therefore, research and development of fuel cells that can realize high energy utilization efficiency are actively conducted today for the replacement of primary batteries and secondary batteries (for example, see Patent Document 1).

The fuel cell described in Patent Document 1 includes a fuel cell main body in which an electrolyte plate is sandwiched between a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode, a fuel container that contains liquid fuel and is connected to the fuel cell main body. . A pore is formed in the fuel container, and an osmotic material is disposed in the fuel container, and this osmotic material is connected to a connection portion between the fuel container and the fuel cell main body. The liquid fuel in the fuel container penetrates to the connecting portion through the penetrating material, and the liquid fuel that has penetrated to the connecting portion is supplied to the fuel cell main body by capillary force, and electric energy is taken out in the fuel cell main body. Even when liquid fuel is consumed, the pressure inside and outside the fuel container is maintained because the fuel container has pores. If the fuel container becomes empty, it may be replaced with a new fuel container.
JP 2001-93551 A

  Incidentally, although it is desired to measure the remaining amount of fuel in the fuel container, a sensor for detecting the fuel in the fuel container is required to measure the remaining amount of fuel. When the fuel cell described in Patent Document 1 is mounted on a small electronic device as described above, since the electronic device and the fuel container are used in various postures and orientations, the fuel in the fuel container is the fuel container. Therefore, the fuel in the fuel container cannot be detected by the sensor, and the remaining amount of fuel in the fuel container cannot be measured.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel remaining amount measuring device that can measure the remaining amount of stored liquid fuel regardless of the posture. And

In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1
A fuel remaining amount measuring device that is provided in a power generation device including a power generation module that generates electrical energy by a chemical reaction of liquid fuel supplied from a container storing liquid fuel, and that measures the remaining amount of liquid fuel remaining in the container In
A sensor is provided for partitioning the liquid fuel in the internal space of the container so as to cover the end of the liquid fuel and detecting a displacement of a follower that follows the end of the liquid fuel. And

  In the first aspect of the present invention, the viscous body moves following the movement of the position of the end of the liquid fuel due to the consumption of the liquid fuel. The sensor detects the displacement due to the movement of the viscous body.

A second aspect of the present invention provides the fuel remaining amount measuring apparatus according to the first aspect,
The sensor detects a displacement of the follower in each liquid chamber of the container provided with a plurality of liquid chambers in which the liquid fuel is partitioned by the follower.

In the second aspect of the invention, the remaining amount of the liquid fuel in the container is read by reading the displacement of each liquid chamber.
In this case, the liquid fuel in each liquid chamber may be consumed by providing a communication chamber in which the liquid fuel supplied from each liquid chamber is collectively collected in the internal space of the container.

The invention according to claim 3 is the fuel remaining amount measuring device according to claim 1 or 2,
The follower is displaced as the liquid fuel flows out from a communication hole provided in the liquid chamber.

  In the invention described in claim 3, the viscous body follows the surface tension when the liquid fuel flows out of the communication hole and moves its end.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the fuel remaining amount measuring device according to the first aspect,
The sensor detects the displacement of the follower in each liquid chamber of the container provided with a plurality of liquid chambers in which the liquid fuel is partitioned by the follower.
The follower of each liquid chamber of the container is displaced as the liquid fuel flows out from a communication hole provided in the liquid chamber,
The plurality of communication holes have the same opening area,
The plurality of liquid chambers have different volumes for storing the liquid fuel.

  In the invention according to claim 4, since the opening areas of the plurality of communication holes are equal to each other, the discharge flow rate of the liquid fuel from the liquid chamber is the same in any liquid chamber, and the liquid fuel in each liquid chamber is stored. Therefore, the remaining amount of the liquid fuel in the liquid chamber before the liquid fuel is consumed is smaller in the liquid chamber having a small volume for storing the liquid fuel.

The invention according to claim 5 is the fuel remaining amount measuring device according to claim 1,
The sensor detects the displacement of the follower in each liquid chamber of the container provided with a plurality of liquid chambers in which the liquid fuel is partitioned by the follower.
The follower of each liquid chamber of the container is displaced as the liquid fuel flows out from a communication hole provided in the liquid chamber,
The plurality of communication holes have different opening areas,
The plurality of liquid chambers have the same volume for storing the liquid fuel.

  In the invention described in claim 5, since the opening areas of the plurality of communication holes are different from each other, the discharge flow rate of the liquid fuel from the liquid chamber becomes smaller as the opening area of the communication hole becomes smaller. Since the volumes for storing the fuel are equal to each other, the remaining amount of the liquid fuel existing in the liquid chamber before the liquid fuel is consumed is the same in any liquid chamber.

The invention according to claim 6 is the fuel remaining amount measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The sensor is disposed outside the container, and the sensor receives light from the light projecting element that projects light from the outside of the container toward the follower and the light projecting element that exits through the liquid chamber. And a light receiving element.

In the invention according to claim 6, since the light receiving element receives the light emitted through the liquid chamber, the light emitted from the light projecting element is emitted when the liquid fuel is sufficiently remaining in the liquid chamber. Even if it is reflected by the viscous material, the reflected light is incident on the light receiving element in a low intensity state due to internal scattering and absorption by the liquid fuel, and if the liquid fuel is sufficiently consumed from the liquid chamber, Since the emitted light is less attenuated by the liquid fuel, the reflected light is incident on the light receiving element with high intensity when reflected by a viscous material.
When the sensor is an optical sensor, it is preferable that the optical properties (reflectance, transmittance) of the follower are different from the optical properties of the liquid fuel.

The invention according to claim 7 is the fuel remaining amount measuring device according to claim 6,
The light emitted from the light projecting element is light in a wavelength region showing reflectivity with respect to the follower.

  In the invention according to claim 7, when light is projected from the light projecting element toward the viscous body, the light is reflected by the viscous body.

The invention according to claim 8 is the fuel remaining amount measuring device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein
The light emitted from the light projecting element is light in a wavelength range showing transparency to the container.

  In the invention according to claim 8, when light is projected from the light projecting element toward the viscous body through the container, the light is transmitted through the container.

The invention according to claim 9 is the fuel remaining amount measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
The power generation module is detachable from the container,
The sensor is provided in the power generation module.

  According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, a sensor is provided not in the container but in the power generation module, and the displacement of the viscous body in the container is detected by connecting the sensor.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the viscous body moves following the movement of the position of the end of the liquid fuel due to the consumption of the liquid fuel, the sensor detects the displacement due to the movement of the viscous body. The remaining amount of liquid fuel can be measured. Since this action is due to the surface tension of the viscous body, the remaining amount of liquid fuel is measured from the position of the viscous body regardless of the direction of the end of the liquid fuel, that is, the attitude of the container. It becomes possible.

  According to the invention described in claim 2, since a plurality of such liquid chambers and viscous bodies are provided, the total remaining amount of the liquid fuel in the container is measured by detecting the displacement of the plurality of viscous bodies. be able to. That is, when the sensor does not detect the displacement of all the viscous bodies, the liquid fuel is sufficiently filled in the container, and the remaining amount of fuel in the container increases as the number of viscous bodies in which the displacement is detected increases. It is possible to detect that is decreasing.

  According to the third aspect of the invention, since the position of the viscous body is displaced with the outflow of the liquid fuel from the communication hole provided in the liquid chamber, the sensor can be sensed with a simple structure.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the discharge flow rate of the liquid fuel from the liquid chamber is the same in any liquid chamber, and the remaining amount of the liquid fuel in the liquid chamber before the liquid fuel is consumed is the liquid fuel. Since the volume for storage becomes smaller, the liquid fuel will not disappear from each liquid chamber at the same time. For this reason, there is a time difference in the displacement of the viscous body due to the remaining amount of liquid fuel in each liquid chamber. By reading these displacements, the total remaining amount of liquid fuel can be measured in multiple stages. In particular, if the sensor reads the displacement of the viscous body in binary, because there is a time difference, the viscous body will not be displaced at the same time in the position where all the remaining amount of the liquid chamber has run out. Since it is not necessary to judge the remaining amount with the binary value of whether the remaining amount of the liquid chamber is almost exhausted, the user can easily predict the use of the power generation device equipped with the remaining fuel amount measuring device according to the remaining amount. Can do.

  According to the fifth aspect of the invention, the discharge flow rate of the liquid fuel from the liquid chamber decreases as the opening area of the communication hole decreases, and the remaining amount of liquid fuel in the liquid chamber before the liquid fuel is consumed. Since all the liquid chambers are the same, the liquid fuel is not lost from each liquid chamber at the same time, and the same effect as that of the fourth aspect can be brought about.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the remaining amount can be detected with high accuracy by combining the light projecting element and the light receiving element.

  According to the seventh aspect of the invention, the same effect as that of the sixth aspect of the invention can be achieved, and the viscous element can be easily detected by the light receiving element.

  According to the eighth aspect of the invention, the same effect as that of the sixth aspect of the invention can be achieved, and the viscous element can be easily detected by the light receiving element.

  According to the ninth aspect of the invention, the same effect as that of the sixth aspect of the invention can be achieved, and the manufacturing cost of the container can be reduced. Furthermore, even when the container is emptied and a new container is attached to the power generation module, the sensor provided in the power generation module can be used to detect the viscous body of the new container.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, although various technically preferable limitations for implementing the present invention are given to the embodiments described below, the scope of the invention is not limited to the following embodiments and illustrated examples.

  First, FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a basic configuration of a power generator equipped with a fuel remaining amount measuring device to which the present invention is applied. Here, FIG. 1A is a block diagram of a fuel reforming power generation device, and FIG. 1B is a block diagram of a direct fuel power generation device, and the present invention is applied to any power generation device. can do.

  As shown in FIG. 1, each power generation device includes a fuel storage module 1 that stores liquid fuel 99 (shown in FIG. 5 and the like), and a power generation module that generates electrical energy from the fuel 99 stored in the fuel storage module 1. 91, and the fuel storage module 1 is detachable from the power generation module 91. The attachment and detachment here means that the flow path of the fuel storage module 1 that flows through the fuel 99 and the flow path of the power generation module 91 can be connected and detached. In addition to the fuel storage module 1 and the power generation module 91, this power generation apparatus includes an attachment structure for detachably attaching the fuel storage module 1 to the power generation module 91, and the remaining fuel 99 remaining in the fuel storage module 1. And a fuel remaining amount measuring device for measuring the amount.

  The fuel 99 is a mixture of liquid chemical fuel and water. As the chemical fuel, compounds containing hydrogen elements such as alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, diethyl ether, and gasoline are applicable. In the present embodiment, a mixed liquid of methanol and water is used as the fuel 99.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, in the fuel reforming power generation apparatus, the power generation module 91 includes a vaporizer 92, a reformer 93, a carbon monoxide remover 94, and a fuel cell 95. To do. The vaporizer 92, the reformer 93, the carbon monoxide remover 94, and the fuel cell 95 are all minute chemical reactors called microreactors, and are composed of fuel 99 or a product reformed by the fuel 99 inside. And a heating means for generating heat for promoting a chemical reaction in the flow path.

  The fuel 99 stored in the fuel storage module 1 is first supplied to the vaporizer 92. In the vaporizer 92, the supplied fuel 99 is heated and vaporized (evaporated) to become a mixture of methanol and water (water vapor). The air-fuel mixture generated in the vaporizer 92 is supplied to the reformer 93.

In the reformer 93, hydrogen and carbon dioxide are generated from the fuel 99 vaporized in the vaporizer 92. Specifically, as shown in chemical reaction formula (1), methanol and water vapor mixed in the vaporizer 92 react with each other by a catalyst to generate carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
CH ₃ OH + H ₂ O → 3H ₂ + CO ₂ (1)

In the reformer 93, the methanol and water vapor mixed in the vaporizer 92 may not be completely reformed to carbon dioxide and hydrogen. In this case, the methanol and water vapor are not converted as shown in the chemical reaction formula (2). Reaction produces carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.
2CH ₃ OH + H ₂ O → 5H ₂ + CO + CO ₂ (2)
The air-fuel mixture generated in the reformer 93 is supplied to the carbon monoxide remover 94.

The carbon monoxide remover 94 selectively oxidizes carbon monoxide contained in the gas mixture supplied from the reformer 93 to remove carbon monoxide from the gas mixture. Specifically, carbon monoxide specifically selected from the air-fuel mixture supplied from the reformer 93 reacts with oxygen in the taken-in air by a catalyst to generate carbon dioxide.
2CO + O ₂ → 2CO ₂ (3)
The air-fuel mixture is supplied from the carbon monoxide remover 94 to the fuel electrode of the fuel cell 95.

In the fuel electrode of the fuel cell 95, as shown in the electrochemical reaction formula (4), hydrogen gas in the mixture supplied from the carbon monoxide remover 94 is converted into hydrogen ions by the action of the catalyst of the fuel electrode. Separated into electrons. Hydrogen ions are conducted to the air electrode through the ion conductive membrane, and electrons are taken out by the fuel electrode.
3H ₂ → 6H ⁺ + 6e ⁻ (4)

Air is taken in and supplied to the air electrode of the fuel cell 95. Then, as shown in the electrochemical reaction formula (5), oxygen in the air, hydrogen ions that have passed through the ion conductive membrane, and electrons taken out by the fuel electrode react to generate water as a by-product. The
6H ⁺ + 3 / 2O ₂ + 6e ⁻ → 3H ₂ O (5)

  As described above, electric energy is generated by the electrochemical reactions shown in the above (4) and (5) in the fuel cell 95. The generated air-fuel mixture such as water, carbon dioxide, and air is discharged to the fuel storage module 1. What causes the fuel 99 and the product flow as described above is a pump 80 described later.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, in the direct fuel type power generation apparatus, the power generation module 91 includes a carburetor 96 and a fuel cell 97.

  The fuel 99 supplied from the fuel storage module 1 to the vaporizer 96 is vaporized in the vaporizer 96 to become a mixture of methanol and water vapor. The air-fuel mixture generated in the carburetor 96 is supplied to the fuel electrode of the fuel cell 97.

In the fuel electrode of the fuel cell 97, as shown in the electrochemical reaction formula (6), the air-fuel mixture supplied from the vaporizer 96 is separated into hydrogen ions, electrons, and carbon dioxide under the action of the catalyst of the fuel electrode. . Hydrogen ions are conducted to the air electrode through the ion conductive membrane, and electrons are taken out by the fuel electrode.
CH ₃ OH + H ₂ O → CO ₂ + 6H ⁺ + 6e ⁻ (6)

Air is taken in and supplied to the air electrode of the fuel cell 97. Then, as shown in the electrochemical reaction formula (7), oxygen in the air, hydrogen ions that have passed through the ion conductive membrane, and electrons taken out by the fuel electrode react to generate water as a by-product. The
6H ⁺ + 3 / 2O ₂ + 6e ⁻ → 3H ₂ O (7)

  As described above, electric energy is generated by the electrochemical reactions shown in the above (6) and (7) in the fuel cell 97. The generated air-fuel mixture such as water, carbon dioxide, and air is discharged to the fuel storage module 1. What causes the fuel 99 and the product flow as described above is a pump 80 described later.

  When this power generator is applied to an electronic device such as a mobile phone, a notebook personal computer, a digital camera, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistance), or an electronic notebook, a power generation module 91 is provided in the electronic device body. The fuel storage module 1 can be freely attached to and detached from the device body, and the electronic device is operated by the electric energy generated by the power generation module 91. It is preferable that there is a charging unit that charges the electric energy purified by the fuel cell 95 or the fuel cell 97 and outputs the electric energy to the electronic device so that the electric energy generated by the power generation module 91 can be output according to the request of the electronic device. In this case, when the charging amount is attenuated by the output to the electronic device or the internal power consumption, the charging unit 91 operates the pump 80 by the control circuit in the power generation module 91 so as to generate the amount of electric energy that compensates for it. The control signal is output as follows.

Next, the fuel storage module 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.
2 is a perspective view showing the fuel storage module 1, FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the fuel storage module 1, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel storage module 1, and FIG. 5 is a fuel storage module. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. In FIG. 4, the illustration of the fuel 99 stored in the fuel storage module 1 is omitted.

  The fuel storage module 1 includes a container 2, and the fuel storage module 1 is configured by attaching various members to the container 2. The container 2 has an inner space and a container body 3 having a substantially rectangular plate shape, a front lid member 4 attached to the front end of the container body 3, and a rear end of the container body 3. And a rear lid member 5.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the internal space of the container body 3 is partitioned into five liquid chambers 31, 31,... That are long in the front-rear direction and one pressurizing flow path 32 that is long in the front-rear direction. That is, five partition walls 33 extending in the front-rear direction are formed inside the container body 3, and these partition walls 33 are arranged away from each other in parallel, so that the interior space of the container body 3 has five spaces. Are partitioned into liquid chambers 31,... The front and rear lengths of the partition walls 33, 33,... Are shorter than the front and rear lengths of the container body 3, and the partition walls 33, 33,. It extends to. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, these liquid chambers 31, 31,... And the pressurizing flow path 32 are opened at the rear end portions 33 a, 33 a. 36 communicates with the liquid chambers 31, 31,. If there are multiple liquid chambers 31, 31, ..., it is not limited to five.

  The front and rear lengths of these liquid chambers 31, 31,. Moreover, each liquid chamber 31 has a constant cross-sectional area from the front end side to the rear end side when broken along a plane perpendicular to the front-rear direction, and is a substantially cylindrical space. In order to measure the remaining amount of the fuel 99 with the fuel remaining amount measuring device, the cross-sectional area of the liquid chambers 31, 31,. (C) is one of them.

(A): All the liquid chambers 31, 31,... Have the same volume, or all the liquid chambers 31, 31,.
(B): The cross-sectional area of the liquid chamber 31 arranged on the rightmost side (the upper side of FIGS. 15A to 15C) is the largest, and the volume in the liquid chamber 31 is the largest, and the left side (FIG. 15A ) To (c) (below), the cross-sectional area of the liquid chamber 31 and thus the volume in the liquid chamber 31 become smaller, the cross-sectional area of the liquid chamber 31 arranged on the leftmost side is the smallest, and thus the liquid chamber 31. The volume inside is the smallest.
(C): The cross-sectional area of the liquid chamber 31 arranged on the leftmost side (the lower side of FIGS. 15A to 15C) is the largest, and the volume in the liquid chamber 31 is the largest, and the right side (FIG. 15 ( The cross-sectional area of the liquid chamber 31 becomes smaller as it goes to the upper side of (a) to (c), and consequently the volume in the liquid chamber 31 becomes smaller, and the cross-sectional area of the liquid chamber 31 arranged on the rightmost side becomes the smallest.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, a rear lid member 5 is provided at the rear end of the container body 3 so as to cover the rear end with a predetermined distance from the liquid chambers 31, 31,. It is attached. As shown in FIG. 3, the rear lid member 5 includes a covering portion 51 and a fitting portion 52. The covering portion 51 covers the rear end surface of the container body 3 and is formed in the same shape and the same size as the rear end surface. The fitting part 52 is fitted into the opening 36 opened on the rear end surface of the container body 3, and is erected on the covering part 51. The fitting portion 52 is formed so as to open on the side facing the container body 3.

  Such a back lid member 5 has a sealing material 53 fitted into the fitting portion 52 so that the sealing material 53 comes into contact with the covering portion 51, and the fitting portion 52 is opened from the rear end surface of the container body 3. After being fitted to the portion 36, the sealing material 53 is sandwiched between the covering portion 51 and the rear end surface of the container main body 3, thereby being attached to the rear end surface of the container main body 3. The sealing material 53 is made of a flexible member such as rubber, fills the gap between the container body 3 and the lid member 5, and the fuel in the liquid chambers 31, 31,... Passes between the container body 3 and the lid member 5. Prevent leakage. By attaching the rear lid member 5 to the rear end surface of the container body 3, the opening 36 is covered by the covering portion 51 of the rear lid member 5, and the fitting portion 52 is opened to the side facing the container body 3. FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, a pressure adjusting chamber 38 is formed in the opening 36. Since the liquid chambers 31, 31,... And the pressurizing flow path 32 open to the pressure adjusting chamber 38 at the rear end thereof, the liquid chambers 31, 31,.

  The covering portion 51 of the rear lid member 5 is formed with a discharge port 54 that communicates from the pressure adjustment chamber 38 to the outside. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a region A around the discharge port 54 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the cylindrical portion 55 in which the discharge port 54 is formed is formed in the covering portion 51 so as to protrude into the pressure adjusting chamber 38. The discharge port 54 is fitted with a second check valve 6 that allows the flow of fluid only in the direction from the pressure adjusting chamber 38 to the outside through the discharge port 54. The second check valve 6 is a duckbill valve formed in a duckbill shape (duck beak shape) with a flexible and elastic material (for example, elastomer (rubber)) as shown in FIG. 7A is a side view of the second check valve 6 when viewed in the same direction as FIG. 6, and FIG. 7B is a front view of the second check valve 6. 7 (c) is a top view of the second check valve 6, and FIG. 7 (d) is a longitudinal sectional view of the second check valve 6.

  More specifically, the second check valve 6 includes a main body 6a having a cylindrical shape, an upper lip 6b and a lower lip that are integrally formed with the main body 6a on the distal end side of the main body 6a and are superposed vertically. The portion 6c and a ring-shaped flange portion 6d formed integrally with the rear end portion of the main body portion 6a and projecting outward in the radial direction from the outer wall of the main body portion 6a. At the rear end of the second check valve 6, an internal hollow of the main body 6 a is opened. At the tip of the second check valve 6, the upper lip 6 b and the lower lip 6 c are formed so as to overlap each other so that the inner hollow is closed at the tip of the second check valve 6. A horizontally long crack 6e defined by the part 6b and the lower lip part 6c is formed at the tip of the second check valve 6, and the crack 6e leads to the hollow interior. Further, the upper lip portion 6 b and the lower lip portion 6 c are formed in a tapered shape so that the overall thickness T becomes thinner toward the tip of the second check valve 6.

  In the second check valve 6, when the internal hollow pressure is equal to the pressure outside the tip of the second check valve 6, the crack 6e is closed or the crack 6e is slightly opened (this Such a state is called an initial state.) On the other hand, in a state where the internal hollow pressure is higher than the pressure outside the tip of the second check valve 6, the upper lip portion 6b and the lower lip portion 6c are elastically deformed, so that the crack 6e opens larger than the initial state, and the internal hollow portion The fluid is allowed to flow to the outside of the tip of the second check valve 6 through the crack 6e (this state is referred to as an open state). On the contrary, in a state where the pressure of the hollow inside is lower than the pressure outside the tip of the second check valve 6, the upper lip 6 b and the lower lip 6 c are elastically deformed to close the crack 6 e, and the second check valve 6 The fluid is prevented from flowing through the crack 6e from the front end outside into the inner hollow (this state is referred to as a closed state).

  As shown in FIG. 6, such a second check valve 6 has its tip directed outward from the pressure adjustment chamber 38, and the upper lip 6 b, the lower lip 6 c and the main body 6 a are fitted into the discharge port 54, The flange portion 6d is attached to the rear lid member 5 by engaging the flange portion 6d with the protruding end of the cylindrical portion 55 of the inner wall of the pressure adjusting chamber 38. Further, a valve stopper 56 having a hollow cylindrical shape and having a ring-shaped flange portion formed so as to protrude radially inward from the inner wall thereof is fitted into the cylindrical portion 55, and The second check valve 6 is fixed by sandwiching the flange portion 6 d of the second check valve 6 between the flange portion of the valve stop 56 and the protruding end of the cylindrical portion 55.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a fitting portion 39 thinner than the central portion of the container body 3 is formed at the front end portion of the container body 3 so as to protrude forward, and is fitted as shown in FIG. The protruding end surface of the joining portion 39 forms the front end surface 37 of the container body 3. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a communication hole 34 penetrating to the liquid chamber 31 is formed at a position corresponding to each liquid chamber 31 on the front end surface 37. A net having a plurality of minute slits may be stretched in the communication holes 34, 34,.

In order to measure the remaining amount of the fuel 99 with the fuel remaining amount measuring device, the relationship between the opening area of these communication holes 34, 34,... And the cross-sectional area of the liquid chambers 31, 31,. .
When the cross-sectional areas of all the liquid chambers 31, 31,... Are equal as in (A) above, (A-1): the opening area of the communication hole 34 arranged on the rightmost side is the largest, and as it becomes the left side. The opening area of the communication hole 34 is reduced, and the opening area of the communication hole 34 disposed on the leftmost side is the smallest, or (A-2): the leftmost side (the lower side of FIGS. 14A to 14C) The opening area of the communication hole 34 arranged at the maximum is the largest, and the opening area of the communication hole 34 becomes smaller toward the right side (the upper side of FIGS. 14A to 14C) and is arranged on the rightmost side. The opening area of the communication hole 34 is the smallest.
When the cross-sectional areas of the liquid chambers 31, 31,... Are different from each other as in (B) or (C) above, the opening areas of all the communication holes 34, 34,.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a communication hole 35 communicating with the pressurizing flow path 32 is formed at a position corresponding to the pressurizing flow path 32 on the front end surface 37 of the container body 3.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, a front lid member 4 that covers the front end portion is attached to the front end portion of the container body 3. Here, FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the front lid member 4. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 8, the front lid member 4 is formed with an opening groove 41 opened in the lateral direction in the container body 3 side. The opening groove 41 is further open at the bottom of the opening groove 41. A step groove 42 having an opening area smaller than that of the groove 41 is formed to be elongated in the lateral direction. A fitting portion 39 of the container body 3 is fitted in the opening groove 41, and the front end surface 37 of the container body 3 is formed in the opening groove 41 around the communication hole 35 communicating with the pressurizing flow path 32 as shown in FIG. 4. The front end surface 37 of the container body 3 is separated from the bottom of the step groove 42 around the communication holes 34, 34,. Since the bottom of the step groove 42 is separated from the front end surface 37 of the container body 3, a communication chamber 43 that is an internal space defined by the step groove 42 is formed. The wall surface of the communication chamber 43 is composed of the front end surface 37 of the container body 3 and the front lid member 4, and the communication chamber 43 communicates with the liquid chambers 31, 31,.

  As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 8, an inlet 44 that extends from the bottom of the opening groove 41 to the front side outside is formed at a position corresponding to the communication hole 35 of the front lid member 4. 44 and a communication hole 35 communicate with each other. FIG. 9 shows an enlarged region B around the inlet 44 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, a cylindrical inflow nipple portion 45 having an inflow port 44 is formed on the front lid member 4 so as to protrude toward the front outer side (left side in the figure). A third check valve that allows the flow of fluid only from the outside toward the pressurizing flow path 32 (from the left side to the right side in the figure) through the inlet 44 and the communication hole 35 from the outside. 7 is fitted. Similar to the second check valve 6, the third check valve 7 is a duckbill valve formed of a flexible and elastic material in a duckbill shape. The third check valve 7 is fitted into the inflow port 44 with the tip thereof facing the pressurizing flow path 32 from the outside. Further, in a state where the flange portion (6d in FIG. 7) of the third check valve 7 is locked to the protruding end of the inflow nipple portion 45, the flange portion and the inflow nipple portion of the valve stop 46 fitted to the inflow nipple portion 45 are provided. The third check valve 7 is fixed by sandwiching the flange portion of the third check valve 7 between the projecting ends of 45.

  As shown in FIG. 4, an outlet 47 that extends from the bottom of the step groove 42 to the front side outside is formed at a position that is separated from the inlet 44 and that is paired to the left and right with the inlet 44. This outlet 47 communicates with the communication chamber 43. FIG. 10 shows an enlarged area C around the outlet 47 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, a cylindrical outflow nipple portion 48 having an outflow port 47 is formed on the front lid member 4 so as to protrude toward the front outer side. Further, the outlet 47 has a direction from the outside toward the communication chamber 43 through the outlet 47 (from the left side to the right side in the figure) in a state where the crack 6e is not opened by insertion of a suction pipe 79 or a needle to be described later. A first check valve 8 that allows fluid flow only in the direction) is fitted. Similar to the second check valve 6, the first check valve 8 is a duckbill valve formed of a flexible and elastic material in a duckbill shape. The first check valve 8 is fitted into the outlet 47 with the tip thereof facing the communication chamber 43 from the outside. Further, in a state where the flange portion of the first check valve 8 is locked to the protruding end of the outflow nipple portion 48, the gap between the flange portion of the valve stop 49 fitted to the outflow nipple portion 48 and the protruding end of the outflow nipple portion 48. The first check valve 8 is fixed by sandwiching the flange portion of the first check valve 8.

  As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 8, and 10, the fuel 99 is absorbed into the communication chamber 43 at a position facing the outlet 47 (that is, the tip of the first check valve 8). An absorber 9 is disposed. The absorbent body 9 has a flexible sea surface structure, and a large number of fine holes for absorbing the fuel 99 are formed in the absorbent body 9. When pressure is applied from the outside in a state including the fuel 99, The structure is such that the absorbed fuel 99 oozes out to the outside. Examples of the absorbent body 9 include sponge, nonwoven fabric, and fiber.

  In the container 2 configured as described above, an internal space is formed by attaching the front lid member 4 and the rear lid member 5 to the container main body 3, and the internal space includes liquid chambers 31, 31,. The passage 32, the pressure adjustment chamber 38, and the communication chamber 43 are partitioned, and the order of passage from the inlet 44 to the outlet 47 is the pressurizing flow path 32, the pressure adjustment chamber 38, the liquid chambers 31, 31,. The order is

  A viscous body 10 serving as a follower that covers the fuel 99 and follows the end of the fuel 99 is disposed at the end of the fuel 99 near each pressure chamber 38 in each liquid chamber 31. The viscous body 10 is in contact with the inner wall surface (the inner wall surface of the partition wall 33 and the container body 3) that forms the liquid chamber 31, and the liquid chamber 31 is separated from the region on the communication hole 34 side where the fuel 99 is sealed by the viscous body 10. It is partitioned into a region on the opposite pressure adjustment chamber 38 side, which is a space that increases each time the fuel 99 is consumed. The viscous body 10 prevents mutual movement of fluids in these spaces. The fuel 99 does not move to the area on the communication hole 34 side through the viscous body 10, and the fluid in the area on the communication hole 34 side does not move. It does not pass through the viscous body 10 and enter the fuel 99. Furthermore, the internal space of the container 2 is partitioned into a region on the outlet 47 side and a region on the inlet 44 side by the viscous bodies 10, 10,. The viscous body 10 is a liquid, sol, gel or the like having a low affinity for the fuel 99, and more preferably a highly viscous liquid having a higher viscosity than the fuel 99 and hardly soluble or insoluble in the fuel 99. Furthermore, it is preferable that the viscous body 10 has a property of a structural viscous fluid (abnormally viscous fluid) in which the apparent stress decreases as the shear stress (or shear rate) increases. Specifically, polybutene, liquid paraffin, spindle oil, other mineral oils, dimethyl silicone oil, methylphenyl silicone oil, other silicone oils, and combinations thereof can be used as the viscous body 10. In each liquid chamber 31, the front-rear direction is the direction from the viscous body 10 toward the communication hole 34.

  In the internal space of the container 2, the region on the outlet 47 side partitioned by the viscous bodies 10, 10,..., That is, the region close to the communication chamber 43 of the liquid chambers 31,. 99 is filled.

Next, an attachment structure for detachably attaching the fuel storage module 1 to the power generation module 91 will be described.
11 to 13 are perspective views showing the mounting structure. FIG. 11 is a view showing a state where the fuel storage module 1 is removed from the housing 60 of the power generation module 91. FIG. 12 is a view showing a state in which one fuel storage module 1 is attached to the housing 60. FIG. 13 is a view showing a state in which two fuel storage modules 1, 1 are attached to the housing 60.

  Here, in the case of the power generation device shown in FIG. 1A, the vaporizer 92, the reformer 93, the carbon monoxide remover 94, and the fuel cell 95 are built in the housing 60, and FIG. In the case of the power generation device shown in (b), the carburetor 96 and the fuel cell 97 are built in the housing 60. When this power generation device is applied to an electronic device such as a mobile phone, a notebook personal computer, a digital camera, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistance), or an electronic notebook, the housing 60 of the power generation module 91 is provided in the housing of the electronic device body. The casing 60 of the power generation module 91 may be detachable from the casing of the electronic device main body.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 11 to 13, the mounting structure provided in the power generator includes a pair of plate-like support portions 71 and 71 formed integrally with the housing 60 and the left and right side portions of the container body 3. A pair of elastic engagement pieces 72, 72 formed integrally with each other, and the support portions 71, 71 and the elastic engagement pieces 72, 72 are engaged with each other.

  The support portions 71, 71 extend rearward from the left and right ends of the rear end surface 60 a of the housing 60. The support portions 71 and 71 are opposed to each other on the left and right, and a storage space 73 is formed between the support portions 71 and 71. The storage space 73 formed by the support portions 71 and 71 is a space for storing the two containers 2. When the container 2 is stored in the storage space 73, the front end surface of the container 2 (that is, the front end surface of the front lid member 4) faces the rear end surface 60 a of the housing 60. In addition, the storage space 73 is formed by the support portions 71 and 71 being opposed to each other on the left and right, and the upper and lower sides of the storage space 73 are open, but the upper and lower sides of the storage space 73 are further covered. The storage space 73 may be formed in a hole shape opened behind the housing 60. In that case, the rear end surface 60 a becomes the bottom of the hole-shaped storage space 73.

  Two guide projections 74, 74 extending in the front-rear direction are formed on the base end portion of each support portion 71 on the housing 60 side and opposed to the pair of support portions 71 so as to protrude. Yes. The guide protrusions 74 are arranged vertically.

  On the projecting end side of each support portion 71, two rectangular locking holes 75, 75 that are elongated in the front-rear direction are formed so as to penetrate the support portion 71 left and right. The locking holes 75 and 75 are arranged vertically and are paired with the guide protrusions 74 and 74 at the front and rear in the support portion 71. In addition, although the locking hole 75 has penetrated the support part 71 right and left, if it is formed so that it may be dented in the surface facing the pair of support parts 71, it does not need to penetrate.

  On the other hand, on both left and right side surfaces of the container 2, longitudinally guided grooves 70, 70 are formed from the front end of the front lid member 4 to the central portion of the container body 3. The front end of the guided groove 70 is open, and the guide protrusion 74 is configured to be inserted and removed from the front side of the guided groove 70. The guide protrusion 74 is slidable back and forth, and is guided. It is configured to fit into the groove 70. Therefore, the front-rear direction of the power generation device is an insertion direction in which the container 2 is inserted into the storage space 73. In addition, although the protrusion 74 is formed in the support part 71 and the groove | channel 70 is formed in the container 2, the groove | channel for guides elongate back and forth is formed in the support part 71 conversely, and it can be fitted to this groove | channel. A protrusion that can slide back and forth along the groove may be formed on the container 2.

  Further, an elastic engagement piece 72 is formed at the rear of the guided groove 70 so as to branch at the center of the side surface of the container body 3, and the elastic engagement piece 72 is provided at the rear side of the side surface of the container 2. 3 and the side surface of the back lid member 5. The container body 3 including the elastic engagement piece 72 is formed of a flexible material such as a synthetic resin (for example, acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, epoxy resin, polycarbonate). When 72 is pressed inside the container 2, the elastic engagement piece 72 bends toward the container 2 with its base end as a fixed end. When the pressure is released, the elastic engagement piece 72 is also released from bending. It is like that.

  On the outer surface of the elastic engagement piece 72 opposite to the container 2, an engagement protrusion 76 that can be engaged with the locking hole 75 is formed. The engagement protrusion 76 protrudes from the elastic engagement piece 72 at a middle portion in the front-rear direction of the elastic engagement piece 72. As shown in FIG. 4, the cross-sectional shape of the engagement protrusion 76 is a triangular shape, and the protrusion of the engagement protrusion 76 is required to smoothly slide and attach the fuel storage module 1 to the housing 60 of the power generation module 91. Engagement protrusions 76 are formed so as to increase in height as it goes rearward. When the front end surface of the container 2 is brought into contact with the rear end surface 60 a of the housing 60 in a state where the guide protrusion 74 of the support portion 71 is fitted in the guided groove 70 of the container 2, the engaging protrusion 76 engages with the locking hole 75. It comes to match. Further, when the front end surface of the container 2 is brought into contact with the rear end surface 60 a of the housing 60 in a state in which the guide protrusion 74 of the support portion 71 is fitted in the guided groove 70 of the container 2, the rear end portion of the elastic engagement piece 72 Is extended rearward from the rear end portion of the support portion 71.

  As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, two discharge coupling ports 77 and 77 are formed at positions on the rear end surface 60 a of the housing 60 and facing the inlet 44 of each container 2, respectively. Two suction coupling ports 78, 78 are formed at positions facing the outflow port 47 of the container 2. 11 and 12, the lower (left side in the drawing) discharge coupling port 77 is hidden behind the support portion 71, and thus the reference numerals thereof are omitted.

  A suction tube 79 concentric with the suction coupling port 78 is provided in the suction coupling port 78. The suction tube 79 protrudes rearward from the suction coupling port 78.

  When the front end surface of the container 2 is brought into contact with the rear end surface 60a of the housing 60 in a state where the guide protrusion 74 of the support portion 71 is fitted in the guided groove 70 of the container 2, the inflow nipple portion 45 is inserted into the discharge coupling port 77. In addition, the outflow nipple portion 48 is inserted into the suction coupling port 78. Further, when the outflow nipple portion 48 is inserted into the suction coupling port 78, the suction pipe 79 as an inserted material passes through the inner hollow of the first check valve 8 and the crack 6 e and absorbs the inside of the container 2. It is designed to press against the body 9.

  In addition, a flow path leading from the suction pipe 79 to the discharge coupling port 77 is formed inside the housing 60, and a pump 80 is disposed in the middle of the flow path. The fuel 99 inside is sucked.

  Here, in the case of the power generation apparatus shown in FIG. 1A, a vaporizer 92, a reformer 93, a carbon monoxide remover 94, and a carbon monoxide remover 94 are provided in the middle of the flow path from the suction pipe 79 to the discharge coupling port 77. The fuel cells 95 are arranged in this order. The fuel 99 is supplied to the vaporizer 92 through the suction pipe 79, and the water and carbon dioxide generated in the reformer 93, the carbon monoxide remover 94, and the fuel cell 95 are supplied. Other air flows into the container 2 through the discharge coupling port 77 and the inflow port 44. In this case, the end of the suction pipe 79 and the pump 80 are connected, and the flow path from the suction pipe 79 to the discharge coupling port 77 is the suction pipe 79 → pump 80 → vaporizer 92 → reformer 93 → carbon monoxide removal. It is preferable that the path is as follows: container 94 → fuel cell 95 → discharge coupling port 77.

  On the other hand, in the case of the power generation device shown in FIG. 1B, a carburetor 96 and a fuel cell 97 are arranged in this order in the middle of the flow path from the suction pipe 79 to the discharge coupling port 77. 99 is supplied to the vaporizer 96 through the suction pipe 79, and water generated by the fuel cell 97 and air other than carbon dioxide flow into the container 2 through the discharge coupling port 77 and the inflow port 44. The flow path from the suction pipe 79 to the discharge coupling port 77 may be a path of the suction pipe 79 → pump 80 → vaporizer 96 → fuel cell 97 → discharge coupling port 77.

  Further, sensors 81, 81,... For detecting the respective viscous bodies 10 are disposed at positions on the rear end surface 60 a of the housing 60 that face the liquid chambers 31, 31. The sensor 81 receives light from the outside of the container 2 toward the rear from the outside of the container 2 (mainly infrared rays) and the light from the rear by the rear end surface 60 a of the housing 60 in front of the liquid chamber 31. And a light receiving element (mainly showing sensitivity to infrared rays). On the other hand, the fuel 99 and the container 2, in particular, the front lid member 4 and the container main body 3 have a property of transmitting light emitted from the sensor 81, and the viscous body 10 inside the container 2 is resistant to light emitted from the sensor 81. A highly reflective material (eg, metal particles) is added. That is, the optical properties (reflectance, transmittance, etc.) of the viscous body 10 are different from the optical properties of the fuel 99. Here, when the viscous body 10 is close to the pressure adjustment chamber 38 of the liquid chamber 31, the distance from the viscous body 10 to the sensor 81 is long, and thus the light emitted from the light projecting element reaches the viscous body 10. Even if it is attenuated by absorption by the fuel 99 or the like and is reflected by the viscous body 10, the reflected light is attenuated again by the fuel 99 or the like in the return path, so that the low-intensity reflected light is received by the light receiving element. Therefore, the viscous body 10 is not detected. On the other hand, when the viscous body 10 is near the communication hole 34 of the liquid chamber 31, the distance from the viscous body 10 to the sensor 81 is short, so that the amount of attenuation by the fuel 99 or the like is small, and the light emitted from the light projecting element Is reflected by the viscous body 10, high intensity reflected light is received by the light receiving element, so that the viscous body 10 is detected by the sensor 81. That is, the sensor 91 detects whether the viscous body 10 is close to the communication hole 34 of the liquid chamber 31 or whether the viscous body 10 is close to the pressure adjustment chamber 38 of the liquid chamber 31 and detects in the longitudinal direction of the liquid chamber 31. The displacement of the viscous body 10 is detected. The sensor 91 detects the viscous body 10 in two stages whether or not the fluid body 31 is close to the communication hole 34 of the liquid chamber 31, but instead of the sensor 91, the viscous body in the longitudinal direction of the liquid chamber 31 is further used. You may provide the sensor which detects ten displacements in multistep or steplessly. In this case, the sensor is also composed of a light projecting element and a light receiving element, but is provided so as to output an electrical signal (voltage, current) having a magnitude based on the intensity of reflected light incident on the light receiving element.

Next, a method for using the power generation device configured as described above and an operation associated therewith will be described.
Even if the fuel 99 is stored in the container 2, the fuel 99 does not leak from the outlet 47 because the first check valve 8 is closed when the fuel storage module 1 is not attached to the power generation module 91.

  The front end surface of the container 2 filled with the fuel 99 is directed toward the rear end surface 60a of the housing 60, and the guide protrusions 74 and 74 are fitted into the guided grooves 70 and 70, so that the container 2 is directed toward the front housing 60. The container 2 is guided by the guided grooves 70 and 70 and the guide protrusions 74 and 74 and moved forward. When the container 2 is moved forward, the engagement protrusions 76 and 76 are brought into contact with the rear ends of the support portions 71 and 71, and the engagement protrusions 76 and 76 are pushed by the support portions 71 and 71 to be elastically engaged. The pieces 72, 72 are elastically deformed. Then, the engaging protrusions 76, 76 reach the locking holes 75, 75 to engage the engaging protrusions 76, 76 with the locking holes 75, 75, and the inflow nipple portion 45 is inserted into the discharge coupling port 77. The outflow nipple portion 48 is inserted into the suction coupling port 78, and the front end surface of the container 2 is brought into contact with the rear end surface 60 a of the housing 60.

  As described above, the engagement protrusions 76, 76 are simply inserted by pushing the fuel storage module 1 forward with respect to the power generation module 91 with the guided grooves 70, 70 and the guide protrusions 74, 74 fitted. Can be engaged with the locking holes 75, 75, and the discharge coupling port 77 can be inserted into the inflow nipple portion 45 and the suction coupling port 78, and the suction coupling port 78 can be inserted into the outflow nipple portion 48, respectively. Thereby, the fuel storage module 1 can be easily attached to the power generation module 91. When the power generation module 91 is attached to the fuel storage module 1, the inflow nipple portion 45 is inserted into the discharge coupling port 77 and the outflow nipple portion 48 is inserted into the suction coupling port 78 on the front side of the fuel storage module 1. In the rear side of the fuel storage module 1, the engagement protrusions 76, 76 are engaged with the locking holes 75, 75, so that the mounting state of the power generation module 91 and the fuel storage module 1 is made firm. Can do. In the state where the fuel storage module 1 is attached to the power generation module 91, the sensors 81, 81,... Face the liquid chamber 31 in front of the respective liquid chambers 31.

  When the outflow nipple portion 48 is inserted into the suction coupling port 78, the suction pipe 79 penetrates the inner hollow of the first check valve 8 and the crack 6 e and presses against the absorber 9. When the absorber 9 is pressed by the suction pipe 79, the fuel 99 absorbed by the absorber 9 oozes out from the absorber 9, and the oozed fuel 99 is supplied to the pump 80 through the suction pipe 79. Here, since the fuel 99 that has oozed from the absorber 9 fills the flow path from the suction pipe 79 to the pump 80, the oozed fuel 99 functions as expiratory water that earns the head of the pump 80. Further, since the absorber 9 is compressed by the suction pipe 79, the fuel 99 in the container 2 is absorbed by the absorber 9 due to the negative pressure due to the restoring force of the absorber 9, and the absorbed fuel 99 is absorbed. Oozes out into the suction tube 79. Therefore, the fuel 99 can be stably fed by the pump 80. Since bubbles (vapor of fuel 99) generated in the container 2 are trapped in the absorber 9, bubbles are prevented from entering the suction pipe 79.

  When the pump 80 is operated with the outlet 47 connected to the suction coupling port 78, the fuel 99 in the container 2 is sucked up to the pump 80 through the suction pipe 79 and the sucked fuel 99 is discharged from the pump 80. The When the fuel 99 in the container 2 is sucked, the fuel 99 in the container 2 is reduced, but with this, a shearing stress is generated in the viscous body 10 and the viscosity of the viscous body 10 is reduced. Along with this, the viscous body 10 follows the front side of the liquid chamber 31.

  By the operation of the pump 80 as described above, the fuel 99 flows in the order of the vaporizer 92, the reformer 93, the carbon monoxide remover 94, and the fuel cell 95 (or in the order of the vaporizer 96 and the fuel cell 97). Electric energy is generated in the battery 95 or the fuel cell 97. Products (steam, carbon dioxide gas, etc.) generated from the fuel 99 are discharged from the discharge coupling port 77. The third check valve 7 is opened by the pressure of the product discharged from the discharge coupling port 77. As a result, the discharged product is discharged to the pressurizing flow path 32 and the pressure adjusting chamber 38, and the pressure in the pressurizing flow path 32 and the pressure adjusting chamber 38 rises, and the viscous bodies 10, 10,. 2 is pushed to the front end face side. The pressure acting on the viscous bodies 10, 10,... From the pressure regulating chamber 38 side assists in discharging the fuel 99 in the container 2, and the lift of the fuel 99 from the container 2 toward the pump 80 is stabilized. Is called. Therefore, the fuel 99 can be stably fed by the pump 80. If the pump 80 is stopped, the liquid feeding of the fuel 99 is also stopped, and the generation of electric energy in the fuel cell 95 and the fuel cell 97 is also stopped. By stopping the pump 80, the pressure from the pressure adjusting chamber 38 to the viscous body 10 also decreases, and the shear stress does not act on the viscous body 10, so the viscosity of the viscous body 10 is high and the shape of the viscous body 10 is maintained. The For this reason, the fuel 99 can be continuously supplied to the pump 80 regardless of the direction of the outflow nipple portion 48 of the fuel storage module 1, and the bubbles are not supplied to the pump 80 as much as possible. It can suppress that power generation efficiency falls.

  Further, when the pressure in the pressurizing flow path 32 and the pressure adjusting chamber 38 rises and becomes a predetermined pressure or more, the second check valve 6 is opened, and the products in the pressurizing flow path 32 and the pressure adjusting chamber 38 are discharged from the outlet. It is discharged from 54. Thereby, the pressure in the pressurization flow path 32 and the pressure regulation chamber 38 can be maintained at a pressure higher than a predetermined pressure. Thereby, it can prevent that the container 2 is damaged by the pressure in the pressurization flow path 32 and the pressure regulation chamber 38 becoming high too much. Furthermore, the product in the pressure adjustment chamber 38 is discharged outside through the discharge port 54, whereby the pressure adjustment chamber 38 can be maintained at an appropriate pressure. Furthermore, since the third check valve 7 is provided at the inlet 44, the product discharged into the pressure regulation chamber 38 is prevented from flowing back to the power generation module 91 through the inlet 44 and the discharge coupling port 77. Therefore, the pressure adjusting chamber 38 can be maintained at an appropriate pressure. By maintaining the pressure adjustment chamber 38 at an appropriate pressure, the fuel 99 can be stably supplied to the power generation module 91 through the suction pipe 79.

An operation for measuring the remaining amount of the fuel 99 by the fuel remaining amount measuring device will be described.
When the fuel 99 remains in the liquid chamber 31, the viscous body 10 in the liquid chamber 31 is separated from the front side wall surface of the liquid chamber 31, and the viscous body 10 is not detected by the sensor 81. On the other hand, when the fuel 99 does not remain in the liquid chamber 31, the viscous body 10 in the liquid chamber 31 is close to the communication hole 34 on the front side wall surface of the liquid chamber 31, and the viscous body 10 is detected by the sensor 81. Is done. Thereby, it can be detected by the sensor 81 whether or not the fuel 99 remains in the liquid chamber 31.

  Incidentally, even if the sensors 81, 81,... Are binary sensors, that is, binary sensors that detect whether or not the fuel 99 remains in the liquid chamber 31, how much is in the container 2. It can be measured whether the fuel 99 remains. This is because the time required for the fuel 99 in the liquid chamber 31 to be consumed differs for each liquid chamber 31.

  That is, when the cross-sectional areas of all the liquid chambers 31, 31,... Are equal as in (A) above, the volume of the fuel 99 in the liquid chamber 31 is the same in any liquid chamber 31 before the start of consumption of the fuel 99. However, since the opening area of the communication hole 34 is different for each liquid chamber 31, the discharge flow rate at which the fuel 99 is discharged from the liquid chamber 31 through the communication hole 34 is different for each liquid chamber 31. Therefore, the time required for the fuel 99 in the liquid chamber 31 to be consumed (that is, the time required for the viscous body 10 to move from the rear end to the front end of the liquid chamber 31) is different for each liquid chamber 31. Therefore, the sensors 81, 81,... Do not detect the viscous body 10 at the same time, but the sensors 81, 81,... Sequentially detect the viscous body 10, so how much fuel 99 remains in the container 2. Can be detected. That is, when all the sensors 81, 81,... Do not detect the viscous body 10, this means that the fuel 99 is filled in the container 2, and the number of sensors 81 that detect the viscous body 10 is the number of sensors 81. As the number increases, the fuel 99 in the container 2 decreases, and when all the sensors 81, 81,... Detect the viscous body 10, this means that the fuel 99 in the container 2 has become empty.

  Further, when the cross-sectional areas of the liquid chambers 31, 31,... Are different from each other as in the above (B) or (C), the volume of the fuel 99 in the liquid chamber 31 is liquid before the fuel 99 starts consumption. Different for each chamber 31. However, since the opening area of the communication hole 34 of any liquid chamber 31, 31,... Is equal, the discharge flow rate at which the fuel 99 is discharged from the liquid chamber 31 through the communication hole 34 is the same in any liquid chamber 31. Therefore, the time required for the fuel 99 in the liquid chamber 31 to be consumed (that is, the time required for the viscous body 10 to move from the rear end to the front end of the liquid chamber 31) is different for each liquid chamber 31. Therefore, the sensors 81, 81,... Do not detect the viscous body 10 at the same time, but the sensors 81, 81,... Sequentially detect the viscous body 10, so how much fuel 99 remains in the container 2. Can be detected.

  Furthermore, it demonstrates concretely using FIG. 14, FIG. FIG. 14 illustrates the operation when all the liquid chambers 31, 31,... Have the same cross-sectional area, and the opening area of the communication holes 34, 34,... Increases toward the left (lower side in the figure). It is a drawing of. FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the operation when all the communication holes 34, 34,... Have the same opening area and the cross-sectional area of the liquid chambers 31, 31,. In order to simplify the description, the number of the liquid chambers 31 and the communication holes 34 in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 is three, but the same effect can be obtained if there are a plurality of them.

  As shown in FIG. 14 (a) or FIG. 15 (a), immediately after the fuel 99 is supplied, the viscous body 10 is separated from the front end of the liquid chamber 31 in any of the liquid chambers 31, 31,. When the fuel 99 is consumed, as shown in FIG. 14B or FIG. 15B, the viscous body 10 that is first in the leftmost liquid chamber 31 is positioned at the front end of the liquid chamber 31, and the sensor 81 Detects the viscous body 10. Further, when the fuel 99 is consumed, as shown in FIG. 14C or FIG. 15C, the viscous body 10 in the central liquid chamber 31 is positioned at the front end of the liquid chamber 31, The sensor 81 detects the viscous body 10. Finally, the viscous body 10 in the rightmost liquid chamber 31 is positioned at the front end of the liquid chamber 31, and the sensor 81 detects the viscous body 10.

As described above, when the material of the fuel 99 in each liquid chamber 31 is empty or nears empty with the consumption of the fuel 99 in the liquid chambers 31, 31, ..., the corresponding sensors 81, 81,. By detecting the reflected light from the viscous body 10, it is possible to detect how much fuel 99 remains in the container 2 in multiple stages. For example, the total amount of the fuel 99 in the fuel storage module 1 when the sensor 81 corresponding to the fact that the fuel 99 is almost gone in the first liquid chamber 31 detects sufficient reflected light is 50%. The communication holes 34, 34 are set so that the total amount of the fuel 99 in the fuel storage module 1 is 25% when the sensor 81 corresponding to the fact that the fuel 99 is almost gone in the eye liquid chamber 31 detects sufficient reflected light. ... And the cross-sectional area of the liquid chambers 31, 31,.
In the fuel storage module 1, the front and rear lengths of the liquid chambers 31, 31,... Are all equal, and each liquid chamber 31 has a cross-sectional area that is broken at a plane perpendicular to the front-rear direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this, but the front and rear lengths of the liquid chambers 31, 31,... Are different from each other so that the volumes in which the fuel 99 in the liquid chambers 31, 31,. You may make it let. In this case, the cross-sectional areas of the liquid chambers 31, 31,... May be the same or different from each other, and the opening areas of the communication holes 34, 34,. Good.
When electric energy is required by the power generation device of the present invention in which an electronic device is provided or when the charging amount of the power generation module 91 is not sufficient, if the pump 80 is operated, the fuel storage module 1 to the power generation module When the fuel 99 is supplied to 91 and no electrical energy is required by the power generation device of the present invention in which the electronic device is provided, or when the charging part of the power generation module 91 has a sufficient charge amount, the control circuit of the pump 80 If the operation and heating to the vaporizer 92, the reformer 93, and the carbon monoxide remover 94 are stopped, the supply of the fuel 99 and the chemical reaction are stopped, so that electric energy is not generated.

How to remove the fuel storage module 1 will be described.
When the fuel 99 in the container 2 runs out, it is replaced with a new fuel storage module 1. At the time of replacement, the already installed fuel storage module 1 is removed. Here, when the fuel storage module 1 is attached to the power generation module 91, the rear end portions of the elastic engagement pieces 72, 72 extend rearward from the rear end portions of the support portions 71, 71. The rear end portions of the elastic engagement pieces 72 and 72 can be sandwiched so as to be close to each other without being interfered with the support portions 71 and 71. When the rear end portions of the elastic engagement pieces 72 and 72 are sandwiched so as to approach each other, the elastic engagement pieces 72 and 72 are elastically deformed, and the engagement protrusions 76 and 76 are detached from the locking holes 75 and 75. When the fuel storage module 1 is pulled out with respect to the power generation module 91 in this state, the fuel storage module 1 can be detached from the power generation module 91.

The effect of this embodiment will be described.
As described above, since the sensors 81, 81,... Are not provided in the container 2 but in the power generation module 91, the manufacturing cost of the fuel storage module 1 is suppressed. Can do. Further, even when the container 2 is emptied and a new fuel storage module 1 is attached to the power generation module 91, the sensors 81, 81,... It can be used to detect the bodies 10, 10,.

  In addition, since the fuel 99 is filled in the region on the communication hole 34 side of the two regions of the liquid chamber 31 partitioned by the viscous body 10, the sensor 81 detects the viscous body 10 from the liquid chamber 31. Only when 99 is consumed. In other words, as long as the fuel 99 is filled in the region on the communication hole 34 side of the liquid chamber 31, the viscous body 10 is not detected by the sensor 81 regardless of the posture of the container 2. When the fuel 99 is consumed from the region on the communication hole 34 side, the viscous body 10 is positioned closer to the communication hole 34, and therefore the viscous body 10 is detected by the sensor 81. Therefore, the remaining amount of the fuel 99 in the container 2 can be measured regardless of the posture of the container 2.

  In addition, since the material having a high reflectance with respect to the light emitted from the light projecting element of the sensor 81 is added to the viscous body 10, the viscous body 10 can be easily detected by the sensor 81 light receiving element.

  Further, if the pump 80 is operated, the fuel 99 is supplied from the fuel storage module 1 to the power generation module 91, and if the pump 80 is stopped, the supply of the fuel 99 is stopped. Not generated.

  Further, since the fuel 99 is supplied by the pump 80, the time from when the fuel storage module 1 is attached to the power generation module 91 until the fuel 99 reaches the fuel cell 95 or the fuel cell 97 of the power generation module 91 is determined by the capillary force. Compared with the case of supplying by this, it takes a short time.

  Further, the fuel 99 is filled by the pressure of the pressure adjusting chamber 38 and the suction force of the pump 80 in a state where the fuel 99 is filled in the liquid chambers 31, 31,. Since fuel is supplied from the fuel storage module 1 to the power generation module 91, the fuel 99 can be stably supplied regardless of the attitude of the fuel storage module 1 and the power generation module 91.

Further, since the pump 80 is provided in the power generation module 91, it is not necessary to provide a pump in the fuel storage module 1, so that the manufacturing cost of the fuel storage module 1 can be suppressed. Further, even when the fuel storage module 1 is empty and a new fuel storage module 1 is attached to the power generation module 91, the pump 99 provided in the power generation module 91 supplies the fuel 99 of the new fuel storage module 1. Can be used to
In addition, by providing the communication chamber 43, the fuel 99 was caused to flow out from each liquid chamber 31 using the single outflow nipple portion 48, the single first check valve 8, and the single absorber 9. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and by providing the outflow nipple portion 48, the first check valve 8 and the absorber 9 for each liquid chamber 31, the fuel 99 may flow out independently. Accordingly, the power generation module 91 may match the number of suction coupling ports 78 and suction pipes 79 and their positions with the number of liquid chambers 31, 31... And the position of the outflow nipple portion 48. At this time, the communication chamber 43 may or may not be provided.

It is the block diagram which showed the basic composition of the electric power generating apparatus. It is the perspective view which showed the fuel storage module. It is the perspective view which decomposed | disassembled and showed the fuel storage module. FIG. 4 is a transverse sectional view taken along the broken line IV-IV in FIG. 1. 5A is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the broken line VV in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5B is a sectional view showing a part of FIG. 5A in an enlarged manner. It is sectional drawing which expanded and showed the area | region A of FIG. It is drawing which showed the non-return valve. It is a perspective view of a front lid member. It is sectional drawing which expanded and showed the area | region B of FIG. It is sectional drawing which expanded and showed the area | region C of FIG. It is the perspective view which showed the attachment structure. It is the perspective view which showed the attachment structure of the state which attached the one fuel storage module to the electric power generation module. It is the perspective view which showed the attachment structure of the state which attached the two fuel storage modules to the electric power generation module. It is a cross-sectional view for explaining the operation of the fuel residue measuring device. It is a cross-sectional view for explaining the operation of the fuel residue measuring device.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fuel storage module 2 ... Container 10 ... Viscous body 31 ... Liquid chamber 34 ... Communication hole 38 ... Pressure regulation chamber 43 ... Communication chamber 47 ... Outlet 81 ... Sensor 91 ... Power generation module 99 ... Liquid fuel

Claims (9)

A fuel remaining amount measuring device that is provided in a power generation device including a power generation module that generates electrical energy by a chemical reaction of liquid fuel supplied from a container storing liquid fuel, and that measures the remaining amount of liquid fuel remaining in the container In
A sensor is provided for partitioning the liquid fuel in the internal space of the container so as to cover the end of the liquid fuel and detecting a displacement of a follower that follows the end of the liquid fuel. Fuel remaining amount measuring device.   2. The sensor according to claim 1, wherein the sensor detects a displacement of the follower in each liquid chamber of the container provided with a plurality of liquid chambers in which the liquid fuel is partitioned by the follower. Fuel level measuring device.   The fuel remaining amount measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the follower is displaced as the liquid fuel flows out from a communication hole provided in the liquid chamber. The sensor detects the displacement of the follower in each liquid chamber of the container provided with a plurality of liquid chambers in which the liquid fuel is partitioned by the follower.
The follower of each liquid chamber of the container is displaced as the liquid fuel flows out from a communication hole provided in the liquid chamber,
The plurality of communication holes have the same opening area,
2. The fuel remaining amount measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of liquid chambers have different volumes for storing the liquid fuel. The sensor detects the displacement of the follower in each liquid chamber of the container provided with a plurality of liquid chambers in which the liquid fuel is partitioned by the follower.
The follower of each liquid chamber of the container is displaced as the liquid fuel flows out from a communication hole provided in the liquid chamber,
The plurality of communication holes have different opening areas,
2. The fuel remaining amount measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of liquid chambers have the same volume for storing the liquid fuel.   The sensor is disposed outside the container, and the sensor receives light from the light projecting element that projects light from the outside of the container toward the follower and the light projecting element that exits through the liquid chamber. The fuel remaining amount measuring device according to claim 1, further comprising: a light receiving element that performs the above operation.   7. The fuel remaining amount measuring apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the light emitted from the light projecting element is light in a wavelength region showing reflectivity with respect to the follower.   8. The fuel remaining amount measuring apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the light emitted from the light projecting element is light in a wavelength region that is transmissive to the container. The power generation module is detachable from the container,
The fuel remaining amount measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the sensor is provided in the power generation module.

Images