JP2005049810A - フォトレジスト下層膜形成材料およびパターン形成方法 - Google Patents
フォトレジスト下層膜形成材料およびパターン形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005049810A JP2005049810A JP2003402332A JP2003402332A JP2005049810A JP 2005049810 A JP2005049810 A JP 2005049810A JP 2003402332 A JP2003402332 A JP 2003402332A JP 2003402332 A JP2003402332 A JP 2003402332A JP 2005049810 A JP2005049810 A JP 2005049810A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
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- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
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- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 6
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 6
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- JCJNNHDZTLRSGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-9-ylmethanol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CO)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=CC2=C1 JCJNNHDZTLRSGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003233 pyrroles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 101150081847 sog2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LYPVBFXTKUJYDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [SH3+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F LYPVBFXTKUJYDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium Chemical compound [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004213 tert-butoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(O*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WMOVHXAZOJBABW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C WMOVHXAZOJBABW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAELLLITIZHOGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC(C)(C)C JAELLLITIZHOGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MANNXDXMUHZSRP-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylazanium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F MANNXDXMUHZSRP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007979 thiazole derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M toluene-4-sulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABVVEAHYODGCLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCN ABVVEAHYODGCLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWZDQOUHBYYPJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN(CCCCCCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCCCCC SWZDQOUHBYYPJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AANIRNIRVXARSN-UHFFFAOYSA-M trifluoromethanesulfonate;trimethylsulfanium Chemical compound C[S+](C)C.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F AANIRNIRVXARSN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UPWIJTYOHJOEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M trifluoromethanesulfonate;trinaphthalen-1-ylsulfanium Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.C1=CC=C2C([S+](C=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC=3)C=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC=3)=CC=CC2=C1 UPWIJTYOHJOEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N(C(C)C)C(C)C RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003258 trimethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBYLVOKEDDQJDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-aminoethyl)amine Chemical compound NCCN(CCN)CCN MBYLVOKEDDQJDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
下記一般式(1)で表される繰り返し単位を含んでなるポリマーを含有する、フォトレジスト層の下層膜を形成するためのフォトレジスト下層膜形成材料を提供する。
また、この材料を用いて基板上に下層膜を形成するステップと、該下層膜の上にフォトレジスト組成物を用いてフォトレジスト膜を形成するステップと、該フォトレジスト膜のパターン回路領域を露光するステップと、その後の現像液で現像して該フォトレジスト膜にレジストパターンを形成するステップと、該レジストパターンが形成されたフォトレジスト膜をマスクにして該下層膜及び該基板をエッチングするステップを含んでなるパターン形成方法を提供する。
さらに、この材料を用いて基板上に下層膜を形成するステップと、該下層膜の上にフォトレジスト組成物を用いてフォトレジスト膜を形成するステップと、該フォトレジスト膜のパターン回路領域を露光するステップと、その後の現像液で現像して該フォトレジスト膜にレジストパターンを形成するステップと、該レジストパターンが形成されたフォトレジスト膜をマスクにして該下層膜をエッチングするステップと、さらにパターンが形成された下層膜をマスクにして該基板をエッチングして該基板にパターンを形成するステップを含んでなるパターン形成方法を提供する。
なお、露光は、好ましくは波長300nm以下の高エネルギー線又は電子線を用い、より好ましくは、遠紫外線、KrFエキシマレーザー光、ArFエキシマレーザー光(193nm)、F2レーザー光(157nm)、Kr2レーザー光(146nm)、Ar2レーザー光(126nm)を用いる。
本発明のパターン形成方法は、フォトレジスト下層膜として所定の置換基で置換された置換ポリスチレンを含むフォトレジスト下層膜を基板上に適用し、該下層膜の上にフォトレジスト組成物の層を適用し、パターン回路領域に放射線を照射し、現像液で現像してレジストパターンを形成し、ドライエッチング装置でフォトレジスト層をマスクにして下層膜層及び基板を加工するものである。ここで用いる下層膜形成材料は、(A)所定の置換基で置換された置換ポリスチレンを必須成分とし、好ましくは、(B)有機溶剤、(C)架橋剤、及び(D)酸発生剤からなる一群から選ばれる一以上を含むものである。
一般式(1)に挙げられる繰り返し単位を得るためのヒドロキシスチレンは、o−ヒドロキシスチレン、m−ヒドロキシスチレン、p−ヒドロキシスチレン、αメチル−p−ヒドロキシスチレン、p−アセトキシスチレン、p−ピバロイロキシスチレン、p−エトキシエトキシスチレン、p−tブトキシスチレン、p−tアミロキシスチレン等を挙げることができる。
一般式(2)で示される置換基−R4−R5は、具体的には下記に挙げることができる。
なお、一般式(2)の置換基がペンダントされていないヒドロキシスチレンを共重合することもできる。
共重合体を用いる場合には、本発明の置換スチレンモノマーを、好ましくは、5モル%以上100モル%未満含有する重合体とする。
このときの置換率は、置換ポリヒドロキシスチレンの水酸基の10〜60モル%、好ましくは15〜50モル%の範囲である。
メラミン化合物を具体的に例示すると、ヘキサメチロールメラミン、ヘキサメトキシメチルメラミン、ヘキサメチロールメラミンの1〜6個のメチロール基がメトキシメチル化した化合物及びその混合物、ヘキサメトキシエチルメラミン、ヘキサアシロキシメチルメラミン、ヘキサメチロールメラミンのメチロール基の1〜6個がアシロキシメチル化した化合物又はその混合物が挙げられる。
グアナミン化合物としては、テトラメチロールグアナミン、テトラメトキシメチルグアナミン、テトラメチロールグアナミンの1〜4個のメチロール基がメトキシメチル化した化合物及びその混合物、テトラメトキシエチルグアナミン、テトラアシロキシグアナミン、テトラメチロールグアナミンの1〜4個のメチロール基がアシロキシメチル化した化合物及びその混合物が挙げられる。
グリコールウリル化合物としては、テトラメチロールグリコールウリル、テトラメトキシグリコールウリル、テトラメトキシメチルグリコールウリル、テトラメチロールグリコールウリルのメチロール基の1〜4個がメトキシメチル基化した化合物、又はその混合物、テトラメチロールグリコールウリルのメチロール基の1〜4個がアシロキシメチル化した化合物又はその混合物が挙げられる。
ウレア化合物としてはテトラメチロールウレア、テトラメトキシメチルウレア、テトラメチロールウレアの1〜4個のメチロール基がメトキシメチル基化した化合物又はその混合物、テトラメトキシエチルウレアなどが挙げられる。
i.下記一般式(P1a−1)、(P1a−2)、(P1a−3)又は(P1b)のオニウム塩、
ii.下記一般式(P2)のジアゾメタン誘導体、
iii.下記一般式(P3)のグリオキシム誘導体、
iv.下記一般式(P4)のビススルホン誘導体、
v.下記一般式(P5)のN−ヒドロキシイミド化合物のスルホン酸エステル、
vi.β−ケトスルホン酸誘導体、
vii.ジスルホン誘導体、
viii.ニトロベンジルスルホネート誘導体、
ix.スルホン酸エステル誘導体
等が挙げられる。
R105、R106のアラルキル基としては、ベンジル基、フェネチル基等が挙げられる。
炭素数1〜4のアルキル基、炭素数1〜4のアルコキシ基、ニトロ基又はアセチル基で置換されていてもよいフェニル基としては、フェニル基、トリル基、p−tert−ブトキシフェニル基、p−アセチルフェニル基、p−ニトロフェニル基等が挙げられ、炭素数3〜5のヘテロ芳香族基としては、ピリジル基、フリル基等が挙げられる。
酸発生剤の添加量は、ベース樹脂100重量部に対して、好ましくは0.1〜50重量部、より好ましくは0.5〜40重量部である。0.1重量部より少ないと酸発生量が少なく、架橋反応が不十分な場合があり、50重量部を超えると上層レジストへ酸が移動することによるミキシング現象が起こる場合がある。
塩基性化合物としては、酸発生剤より微量に発生した酸が架橋反応を進行させるのを防ぐための、酸に対するクエンチャーの役割を果たす。
本発明の下層膜10は、フォトレジストと同様にスピンコート法などで被加工基板上に作製することが可能である。スピンコート後、溶媒を蒸発し、上層レジストとミキシング防止のため、架橋反応を促進させるためにベークをすることが望ましい。ベーク温度は80〜300℃の範囲内で、10〜300秒の範囲内が好ましく用いられる。なお、この下層膜の厚さは適宜選定されるが、100〜20,000nm、特に150〜15,000nmとすることが好ましい。下層膜を作製した後、その上にフォトレジスト膜11を作製する。
基板としては、特に限定されるものではなく、Si、α−Si、p−Si、SiO2、SiN、SiON、W、TiN、Al等で被加工膜(被加工基板)と異なる材質のものが用いられる。被加工膜としては、Si、SiO2、SiON、SiN、p−Si、α−Si、W、W−Si、Al、Cu、Al−Si等種々のLow−k膜及びそのストッパー膜が用いられ、通常50〜10,000nm、特に100〜5,000nm厚さに形成し得る。
合成例1
300mLのフラスコに重量平均分子量(Mw)14000、重量平均分子量と数平均分子量との比(Mw/Mn)1.67のポリ−p−ヒドロキシスチレン120g、9−アントラセンメタノール41gをTHF溶媒に溶解させ、トシル酸0.5gを加え、80℃で24時間撹拌させた。水洗により触媒と金属不純物を除去し、THFを減圧除去することによって、155gのポリマー1を得た。
GPCにより重量平均分子量(Mw)、分散度(Mw/Mn)を求め、1H−NMR分析によりポリマー中のアントラセンメチル基の比率を求め、以下の結果を得た。
共重合組成比 p−ヒドロキシ−m−アントラセンメチルスチレン:p−ヒドロキシスチレン(モル比)=0.20:0.80、
重量平均分子量(Mw)=15,000
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=1.70であった。
500mLのフラスコに4−ヒドロキシスチレン80g、2,5−ノルボルナジエン−2−カルボン酸メチル45g、溶媒としてトルエンを40g添加した。この反応容器を窒素雰囲気下、−70℃まで冷却し、減圧脱気、窒素フローを3回繰り返した。室温まで昇温後、重合開始剤としてAIBNを4.1g加え、80℃まで昇温後、24時間反応させた。この反応溶液を1/2まで濃縮し、メタノール300mL、水50mLの混合溶液中に沈殿させ、得られた白色固体を濾過後、60℃で減圧乾燥し、白色重合体98gを得た。
得られた重合体を1H−NMR、及び、GPC測定したところ、以下の分析結果となった。
共重合組成比 4−ヒドロキシスチレン:2,5−ノルボルナジエン−2−カルボン酸メチル=0.67:0.33
重量平均分子量(Mw)=8120
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=1.96
次いで、300mLのフラスコに上記方法によって得られたポリ−4−ヒドロキシスチレン−2,5−ノルボルナジエン−2−カルボン酸メチル98gと9−アントラセンメタノール33gをTHF溶媒に溶解させ、トシル酸0.5gを加え、80℃で24時間撹拌させた。水洗により触媒と金属不純物を除去し、THFを減圧除去することによって、124gのポリマー2を得た。
得られた重合体の1H−NMR及びGPC測定したところ、以下の分析結果となった。
共重合組成比 p−ヒドロキシ−m−アントラセンメチルスチレン:4−ヒドロキシスチレン:2,5−ノルボルナジエン−2−カルボン酸メチル=0.23:0.37:0.33
重量平均分子量(Mw)=9100
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=1.88
300mLのフラスコにポリ−4−ヒドロキシスチレン−2,5−ノルボルナジエン−2−カルボン酸メチル98gと1−アダマンタンメタノール78gをTHF溶媒に溶解させ、トシル酸0.5gを加え、80℃で24時間撹拌させた。 水洗により触媒と金属不純物を除去し、THFを減圧除去することによって、124gのポリマー3を得た。
得られた重合体を1H−NMR、及び、GPC測定したところ、以下の分析結果となった。
共重合組成比 p−ヒドロキシ−m−アダマンタンメチルスチレン:4−ヒドロキシスチレン:2,5−ノルボルナジエン−2−カルボン酸メチル=0.58:0.09:0.33
重量平均分子量(Mw)=9200
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=1.86
300mLのフラスコに重量平均分子量(Mw)13300、分子量分布(Mw/Mn)1.55の20モル%が水素添加されたポリ−4−ヒドロキシスチレン114gと1−アダマンタンメタノール78gをTHF溶媒に溶解させ、トシル酸0.5gを加え、80℃で24時間撹拌させた。水洗により触媒と金属不純物を除去し、THFを減圧除去することによって、153gのポリマー4を得た。
得られた重合体を1H−NMR、及び、GPC測定したところ、以下の分析結果となった。
共重合組成比 p−ヒドロキシ−m−アダマンタンメチルスチレン:4−ヒドロキシスチレン:水素添加4−ヒドロキシスチレン=0.85:0.15:0.20
重量平均分子量(Mw)=14300
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=1.56
500mLのフラスコに4−ヒドロキシスチレン80g、2−アクリル酸―1−アダマンタン64g、溶媒としてトルエンを40g添加した。この反応容器を窒素雰囲気下、−70℃まで冷却し、減圧脱気、窒素フローを3回繰り返した。室温まで昇温後、重合開始剤としてAIBNを4.1g加え、80℃まで昇温後、24時間反応させた。この反応溶液を1/2まで濃縮し、メタノール300mL、水50mLの混合溶液中に沈殿させ、得られた白色固体を濾過後、60℃で減圧乾燥し、白色重合体134gを得た。
得られた重合体を1H−NMR、及び、GPC測定したところ、以下の分析結果となった。
共重合組成比 4−ヒドロキシスチレン:2−アクリル酸―1−アダマンタン=0.69:0.31
重量平均分子量(Mw)=11600
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=1.71
次いで300mLのフラスコに上記方法によって得られたポリ−ヒドロキシスチレン−2−アクリル酸―1−アダマンタン134gと1−アダマンタンメタノール88gをTHF溶媒に溶解させ、トシル酸0.5gを加え、80℃で24時間撹拌させた。 水洗により触媒と金属不純物を除去し、THFを減圧除去することによって、178gのポリマー5を得た。
得られた重合体を1H−NMR、及び、GPC測定したところ、以下の分析結果となった。
共重合組成比 p−ヒドロキシ−m−アダマンタンメチルスチレン:4−ヒドロキシスチレン:2−アクリル酸―1−アダマンタン=0.53:0.18:0.32
重量平均分子量(Mw)=12900
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=1.68
500mLのフラスコに4−ヒドロキシスチレン80g、ビニルナフタレン68g、溶媒としてトルエンを40g添加した。この反応容器を窒素雰囲気下、−70℃まで冷却し、減圧脱気、窒素フローを3回繰り返した。室温まで昇温後、重合開始剤としてAIBNを4.1g加え、80℃まで昇温後、24時間反応させた。この反応溶液を1/2まで濃縮し、メタノール300mL、水50mLの混合溶液中に沈殿させ、得られた白色固体を濾過後、60℃で減圧乾燥し、白色重合体139gを得た。
得られた重合体を1H−NMR、及び、GPC測定したところ、以下の分析結果となった。
共重合組成比 4−ヒドロキシスチレン:ビニルナフタレン=0.52:0.48
重量平均分子量(Mw)=10900
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=1.71
500mLのフラスコに上記ポリ−4−ヒドロキシスチレン−ビニルナフタレン120gと1−アダマンタンメタノール88gをTHF溶媒に溶解させ、トシル酸0.5gを加え、80℃で24時間撹拌させた。水洗により触媒と金属不純物を除去し、THFを減圧除去することによって、188gのポリマー6を得た。
得られた重合体を1H−NMR、及び、GPC測定したところ、以下の分析結果となった。
共重合組成比
p−ヒドロキシ−m−アダマンタンメチルスチレン:4−ヒドロキシスチレン:ビニルナフタレン=0.44:0.08:0.48
重量平均分子量(Mw)=15,100
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=1.68
300mLのフラスコにMw14000、Mw/Mn1.67のポリ−p−ヒドロキシスチレン120g、1−ピレンメタノール62gをTHF溶媒に溶解させ、トシル酸0.5gを加え、80℃で24時間撹拌させた。水洗により触媒と金属不純物を除去し、THFを減圧除去することによって、166gのポリマー7を得た。
GPCにより分子量(Mw)、分散度(Mw/Mn)を求め、1H−NMR分析によりポリマー中のアントラセンメチル基の比率を求めると、以下の結果となった。
共重合組成比 p−ヒドロキシ−m−ピレンメチルスチレン:p−ヒドロキシスチレン(モル比)=0.23:0.77
重量平均分子量(Mw)=15,900
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=1.70
300mLのフラスコにMw8,000、Mw/Mn2.01のポリ−p−ヒドロキシスチレン−co−インデン70:30を120g、9−アントラセンメタノール41gをTHF溶媒に溶解させ、トシル酸0.5gを加え、80℃で24時間撹拌させた。 水洗により触媒と金属不純物を除去し、THFを減圧除去することによって、153gのポリマー8を得た。なお、「ポリ−モノマー1−co−モノマー2」の表現は、モノマー1と2を含んでなる共重合体を表す。
GPCにより分子量(Mw)、分散度(Mw/Mn)を求め、1H−NMR分析によりポリマー中のアントラセンメチル基の比率を以下のように求めた。
ポリマー1;p−ヒドロキシ−m−アントラセンメチルスチレン:p−ヒドロキシスチレン:インデン(モル比)=0.20:0.50:0.3 Mw8,800、Mw/Mn2.06
300mLのフラスコにMw7,000、Mw/Mn2.11のポリ−p−ヒドロキシスチレン−co−アセナフチレン 70:30を120g、9−アントラセンメタノール41gをTHF溶媒に溶解させ、トシル酸0.5gを加え、80℃で24時間撹拌させた。 水洗により触媒と金属不純物を除去し、THFを減圧除去することによって、156gのポリマー9を得た。
GPCにより分子量(Mw)、分散度(Mw/Mn)を求め、1H−NMR分析によりポリマー中のアントラセンメチル基の比率を以下のように求めた。
ポリマー1;p−ヒドロキシ−m−アントラセンメチルスチレン:p−ヒドロキシスチレン:アセナフチレン(モル比)=0.20:0.50:0.3 Mw7,900、Mw/Mn2.13
300mLのフラスコにMw7,600、Mw/Mn2.05のポリ−p−ヒドロキシスチレン−co−2,5−ノルボルナジエン−2−カルボン酸メチル 70:30を120g、9−アントラセンメタノール41gをTHF溶媒に溶解させ、トシル酸0.5gを加え、80℃で24時間撹拌させた。 水洗により触媒と金属不純物を除去し、THFを減圧除去することによって、151gのポリマー10を得た。
GPCにより分子量(Mw)、分散度(Mw/Mn)を求め、1H−NMR分析によりポリマー中のアントラセンメチル基の比率を以下のように求めた。
ポリマー1;p−ヒドロキシ−m−アントラセンメチルスチレン:p−ヒドロキシスチレン:2,5−ノルボルナジエン−2−カルボン酸メチル(モル比)=0.20:0.50:0.3 Mw8,500、Mw/Mn2.16
500mLのフラスコに4−ヒドロキシスチレン96g、2−メタクリル酸―1−アントラセンメチル55g、溶媒としてトルエンを40g添加した。この反応容器を窒素雰囲気下、−70℃まで冷却し、減圧脱気、窒素フローを3回繰り返した。室温まで昇温後、重合開始剤としてAIBNを4.1g加え、80℃まで昇温後、24時間反応させた。この反応溶液を1/2まで濃縮し、メタノール300mL、水50mLの混合溶液中に沈殿させ、得られた白色固体を濾過後、60℃で減圧乾燥し、白色重合体140gを得た。
得られた重合体を1H−NMR、及び、GPC測定したところ、以下の分析結果となった。
共重合組成比 4−ヒドロキシスチレン:2−メタクリル酸―1−アントラセンメチル=79:21
重量平均分子量(Mw)=13200
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=1.75
500mLのフラスコに4−ヒドロキシスチレン40g、2−メタクリル酸―1−アダマンタン160g、溶媒としてトルエンを40g添加した。この反応容器を窒素雰囲気下、−70℃まで冷却し、減圧脱気、窒素フローを3回繰り返した。室温まで昇温後、重合開始剤としてAIBNを4.1g加え、80℃まで昇温後、24時間反応させた。この反応溶液を1/2まで濃縮し、メタノール300mL、水50mLの混合溶液中に沈殿させ、得られた白色固体を濾過後、60℃で減圧乾燥し、白色重合体188gを得た。
得られた重合体を1H−NMR、及び、GPC測定したところ、以下の分析結果となった。
共重合組成比 4−ヒドロキシスチレン:2−メタクリル酸―1−アダマンタン=0.32:0.68
重量平均分子量(Mw)=10900
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=1.77
ポリマー1〜10で示される樹脂、比較例1、2で示される樹脂、珪素含有中間層用ポリマー、AG1,2で示される酸発生剤、CR1,2で示される架橋剤を、FC−430(住友スリーエム社製)0.1重量%を含む溶媒中に表1に示す割合で溶解させ、0.1μmのフッ素樹脂製のフィルターで濾過することによって下層膜溶液と中間層膜溶液をそれぞれ調製した。
下層膜形成材料の溶液と中間層膜溶液の溶液をシリコン基板上に塗布して、200℃で60秒間ベークして膜厚500nmの下層膜を形成し(以下、UDL1〜11と略称する)、膜厚100nmの珪素含有膜を形成し(以下、SOG1、2と略称する)、J.A.ウーラム社の入射角度可変の分光エリプソメーター(VASE)で波長248nm、193nm、157nmにおけるUDL1〜11、SOG1、2の屈折率(n,k)を求め、結果を表1に示した。
下層膜形成材料の溶液(UDL−3、4、5、6)を膜厚300nmのSiO2基板上に塗布して、200℃で60秒間ベークして膜厚500nmの下層膜を形成した。表2に示す組成でArF珪素含有ポリマー1、2、酸発生剤PAG1、塩基添加剤TAEA、溶媒からなるArF用珪素含有レジスト液1、2を調製した。このレジスト液を上記下層UDL−3、4、5、6上に塗布して、110℃で60秒間ベークし、膜厚200nmの珪素含有レジスト膜層を形成した。次いで、ArF露光装置(ニコン社製;S305B、NA0.68、σ0.85、2/3輪体照明、Crマスク)で露光し、110℃で90秒間ベーク(PEB)し、2.38重量%テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド(TMAH)水溶液で60秒間現像し、ポジ型のパターンを得た。得られたパターンの0.12μmL/Sのパターン形状を観察し、表3に示すように基板付近で裾引きやアンダーカット、インターミキシング現象が起きておらず、矩形のパターンが得られていることを確認した。
下層膜形成材料の溶液(UDL−8)を膜厚300nmのSiO2基板上に塗布して、200℃で60秒間ベークして膜厚500nmの下層膜を形成した。その上に珪素含有中間層材料溶液SOG1を塗布して200℃で60秒間ベークして膜厚100nmの中間層を形成した。表2に示す組成でKrFレジスト5溶液を調製した。このレジスト液を上記中間層SOG1上に塗布して、120℃で60秒間ベークし、膜厚200nmの単層レジスト膜層を形成した。 次いで、KrF露光装置(ニコン社製;S203B、NA0.68、σ0.75、2/3輪体照明、Crマスク)で露光し、120℃で90秒間ベーク(PEB)し、2.38重量%テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド(TMAH)水溶液で60秒間現像し、ポジ型のパターンを得た。得られたパターンの0.15μmL/Sのパターン形状を観察し、表3に示すように基板付近で裾引きやアンダーカット、インターミキシング現象が起きておらず、矩形のパターンが得られていることを確認した。
下層膜形成材料の溶液(UDL−9、10)を膜厚300nmのSiO2基板上に塗布して、200℃で60秒間ベークして膜厚500nmの下層膜を形成した。その上に珪素含有中間層材料溶液SOG2を塗布して200℃で60秒間ベークして膜厚100nmの中間層を形成した。 表2に示す組成でArFレジスト6溶液を調製した。このレジスト液を上記中間層SOG1上に塗布して、120℃で60秒間ベークし、膜厚200nmの単層レジスト膜層を形成した。次いで、ArF露光装置(ニコン社製;S305B、NA0.68、σ0.85、2/3輪体照明、Crマスク)で露光し、120℃で90秒間ベーク(PEB)し、2.38重量%テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド(TMAH)水溶液で60秒間現像し、ポジ型のパターンを得た。得られたパターンの0.25μmL/Sのパターン形状を観察し、表3に示すように基板付近で裾引きやアンダーカット、インターミキシング現象が起きておらず、矩形のパターンが得られていることを確認した。
(1)CHF3/CF4系ガスでのエッチング試験
エッチング条件は、下記に示す通りである。
チャンバー圧力 40.0Pa
RFパワー 1,300W
ギャップ 9mm
CHF3ガス流量 30ml/min
CF4ガス流量 30ml/min
Arガス流量 100ml/min
時間 60sec
(2)Cl2/BCl3系ガスでのエッチング試験
エッチング条件は下記に示す通りである。
チャンバー圧力 40.0Pa
RFパワー 300W
ギャップ 9mm
Cl2ガス流量 30ml/min
BCl3ガス流量 30ml/min
CHF3ガス流量 100ml/min
O2ガス流量 2ml/min
時間 60sec
エッチング条件は下記に示す通りである。
チャンバー圧力 450mTorr
RFパワー 600W
Arガス流量 40sccm
O2ガス流量 60sccm
ギャップ 9mm
時間 20sec
現像後、2層プロセスの場合は、酸素ガスエッチング後、基板加工のCHF3/CF4系ガスエッチング後のパターンの断面を、3層プロセスの場合は、珪素含有中間層の加工のCF4系ガスエッチング、下層膜加工の酸素ガスエッチング後、基盤加工のCHF3/CF4系ガスエッチング後のパターン断面を日立製作所製電子顕微鏡(S−4700)にて観察し、形状を比較し、表3、表6にまとめた。現像後は珪素含有レジストの断面形状、酸素エッチング後とCHF3/CF4エッチング後は下層膜の断面形状を観察した。
11 フォトレジスト膜
12 基板
12a 被加工基板
12b 下地基板
Claims (8)
- 下記一般式(1)で表される繰り返し単位を含んでなるポリマーを含有する、フォトレジスト層の下層膜を形成するための材料。
- 更に、有機溶剤及び酸発生剤を含有する請求項1又は請求項2に記載の下層膜形成材料。
- 更に、架橋剤を含有する請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の下層膜形成材料。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の材料を用いて基板上に下層膜を形成するステップと、該下層膜の上にフォトレジスト組成物を用いてフォトレジスト膜を形成するステップと、該フォトレジスト膜のパターン回路領域を露光するステップと、その後の現像液で現像して該フォトレジスト膜にレジストパターンを形成するステップと、該レジストパターンが形成されたフォトレジスト膜をマスクにして該下層膜及び該基板をエッチングするステップを含んでなるパターン形成方法。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の材料を用いて基板上に下層膜を形成するステップと、該下層膜の上にフォトレジスト組成物を用いてフォトレジスト膜を形成するステップと、該フォトレジスト膜のパターン回路領域を露光するステップと、その後の現像液で現像して該フォトレジスト膜にレジストパターンを形成するステップと、該レジストパターンが形成されたフォトレジスト膜をマスクにして該下層膜をエッチングするステップと、さらにパターンが形成された下層膜をマスクにして該基板をエッチングして該基板にパターンを形成するステップを含んでなるパターン形成方法。
- 上記フォトレジスト組成物が、珪素原子含有ポリマーを含んでなる請求項5又は請求項6に記載のパターン形成方法。
- 上記フォトレジスト膜をマスクにして上記下層膜をエッチングするステップが、酸素ガスエッチングを含み、上記下層膜をマスクにしてパターンを形成するステップが、ドライエッチングを含む請求項6に記載のパターン形成方法。
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2003
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