JP2002120122A - Inclined block - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve extreme complication of work to fix a workpiece to be fixed on a machine tool table with its warping as it is which has a large number of working processes. SOLUTION: An inclined block is constituted of three members of an upper member 10, an intermediate member 11 and a lower member 12, a lower surface 100 of the upper member 10 and an upper surface 120 of the lower member 12 are formed in concave spherical surfaces, an upper surface 110 of the intermediate member 11 and a lower surface 111 are formed as in a spherical surface of the same curvature as the concave spherical surface of the lower surface 100 of the upper member 10 and the upper surface 120 of the lower member 12 respectively and they are free to closely slide on each other. The inclined block 1a has a through hole 13 to pass the upper member 10, the intermediate member 11 and the lower member 12 and a tensile spring 14 provided in the through hole 13 to pull the upper and lower members to each other.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for machining a workpiece in a plane by a cutting tool such as an end mill or a full back in machining or the like. The present invention relates to a tilt block that corrects and tilts when an object is tightened.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In conventional machining, for example, when a plate-shaped workpiece W is fixed on a table B for a large machine tool, the upper surfaces of the four corners of the workpiece W are generally fastened with clamping plates C. It is fixed. The tightening of the tightening plate C is performed by raising one end of the tightening plate C by jacking up the jack E with the fixing bolt D as a fulcrum, and lowering the other end opposite to the fulcrum D to raise the upper surface of the workpiece W. Pressed and fixed.

However, as shown in FIG. 10, a plate-shaped workpiece W is not a completely flat plate but has a warp at the top and bottom of the plate. The workpiece W having such a warp is shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the four corners of the workpiece W are strongly pressed against the machine tool table surface from above by means of the fastening plate C, the fixing bolts D and the jacks E, and the sled is forcibly tightened to make the machine tool table flat. Was installed. In this state, when the upper surface of the workpiece W is flattened by the cutting tool A, when the clamping plate C or the like is removed after the flattening, the warp of the workpiece W returns again as shown in FIG. The processed upper surface did not become an upwardly warped flat surface.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to fix the warped workpiece W as much as possible while the four corners of the work W having the warp are tightened by the tightening plates C.

As a method of the prior art 1, as shown in FIG. 8, a block X1 is applied to a lower surface of a workpiece W having a warp, and a single or a plurality of seams X2 is applied to a warped gap position and tightened. Had been done.

In the method of the prior art 2, as shown in FIG. 9, a block Y having three or three or more height-adjustable legs F is placed at four corners, and a workpiece is placed thereon. In the case of placing and warping, the height of the plurality of legs Y1 is adjusted, the upper surface of the block Y is appropriately inclined to match the warp of the workpiece, and tightening is performed. A plurality of height adjustments have been performed by rotating bolts and nuts, respectively.

[0007]

However, in the prior art 1, the seam X2 is applied to the gap position on the warped lower surface of the warped workpiece W to tighten and fix the workpiece W. Since the contact portion between the seam X2 and the workpiece W is small, work steps such as setting a position where one or a plurality of seams X2 are installed and setting the number of seams to be installed are required. In order to apply the appropriate seam X2 to W, there was a problem that skill was required and the number of work steps was increased, resulting in poor work efficiency.

In the prior art 2, blocks Y are placed at four corners on the lower surface of a workpiece having a sled. At that time, each block Y adjusts the height of a plurality of height-adjustable legs Y1. The upper surface of the block Y is inclined. The angle and direction of the inclination are adjusted in accordance with the inclination of the lower surface sled of the workpiece to adjust the heights of the three legs Y1 to form the angle and direction of the block surface. However, in order to make the inclination angle and direction appropriate, it is necessary to repeat the fine adjustment of the height adjustment of the plurality of legs Y1 in relation to each other,
A very skilled work and a large number of detailed man-hours were required, and there was a problem that a long working time was required. In addition, there is a problem that the work efficiency is poor because different works of a plurality of legs are required for each workpiece having a different warp.

[0009]

[Means for solving the problem] In order to solve this problem,
At least a plurality of members laminated in the vertical direction, the lower surface of the upper member is formed as a concave spherical surface or a convex spherical surface, and the upper surface of the lower member has a convex spherical surface having a curvature spherical surface corresponding to the lower surface of the upper member or It is formed as a concave spherical surface, and the lower surface of the upper member and the upper surface of the lower member are slidably in contact with each other, and are provided in a through hole penetrating the upper member and the lower member, and a through hole to attract the upper and lower members to each other. The present invention proposes an inclined block characterized by having an extended tension spring.

Further, at least three members, an upper member, an intermediate member and a lower member, which are laminated in the vertical direction, are formed as concave spherical surfaces on the lower surface of the upper member and the upper surface of the lower member. A through-hole that is formed as a curved spherical surface corresponding to the concave spherical surface of the lower surface of the upper member and the concave spherical surface of the upper surface of the lower member, respectively, and penetrates the upper member, the intermediate member, and the lower member; And a tension spring provided in a through hole so as to attract each other.

[0011] Further, at least three members, an upper member, an intermediate member, and a lower member, which are stacked in the vertical direction, are formed, and the lower surface of the upper member and the upper surface of the lower member are formed as concave spherical surfaces.
The upper surface and the lower surface of the intermediate member are formed as the same spherical surfaces as the concave spherical surfaces of the lower surface of the upper member and the upper surface of the lower member, respectively, so that they can slide closely and penetrate the three members of the upper member, the intermediate member, and the lower member. And a tension spring provided in the through hole so as to attract the upper and lower members to each other.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a front view of an inclined block showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is also a plan view thereof, and the inclined block of the present invention is placed on a machine tool table under a workpiece. FIG. 3 is a perspective explanatory view in the case of performing a flat machining operation at four corners, and is a front explanatory view in the case of performing a flat machining operation by placing the inclined block of the present invention at the four lower corners of a workpiece on a machine tool table. 4 and FIG. 4, which are front explanatory views of the workpiece in a state in which a fastening plate or the like is removed after the upper surface planar processing operation in FIG. 4, after the operation in FIG. 5 and FIG. 5, the workpiece is turned over and the lower surface is further turned down. This will be described with reference to FIG. 6, which is an explanatory front view after plane processing, and FIG. 7, which is a front view of another embodiment of the present invention in the case of two upper and lower members.

An inclined block 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
a is an upper member 10 laminated at least in the vertical direction,
A through hole 13 provided vertically through the three members of the intermediate member 11 and the lower member 12 and the three members of the upper member 10, the intermediate member 11 and the lower member 12, that is, an upper through hole 130;
A middle through-hole 131, a lower through-hole 132, a tension spring 14 provided in the through-hole to attract the upper and lower members to each other,
It has a mounting portion 15 for attaching the upper and lower portions of the tension spring 14 to the upper member 10 and the lower member 12. Upper member 10, intermediate member 1
1. The three members of the lower member 12 are made of hardened steel members.

The inclined block 1a is provided on the lower surface 1 of the upper member 10.
00 and the upper surface 120 of the lower member 12 are formed as concave spherical surfaces, and the upper surface 110 and the lower surface 111 of the intermediate member 11 are formed as convex spherical surfaces. The concave spherical surface of the lower surface 100 of the upper member 10 and the convex spherical surface of the upper surface 110 of the intermediate member 11, and the concave spherical surface of the upper surface 120 of the lower member 12 and the convex spherical surface of the lower surface 111 of the intermediate member 11 respectively have the same corresponding curvature. It is formed as a spherical surface and can slide closely. Upper member 10
The lubricating oil (grease) is applied to a spherical portion where the lower surface 100 of the intermediate member 11 contacts the upper surface 110 of the intermediate member 11 and a spherical portion where the upper surface 120 of the lower member 12 contacts the lower surface 111 of the intermediate member 11, respectively. Have improved mutual sliding action.

The upper member 10 and the lower member 12 each have a circular shape in plan view, in this embodiment, a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 75 mm and a concave spherical surface on the lower surface or the upper surface. 102, lower member 12
A concave portion 122 is provided at the center of the lower surface 121 of the light emitting device. The upper member 10 has a cylindrical upper through hole 130 penetrating from the recess 102 to the lower surface 100, and the lower member 12 has a cylindrical lower through hole 132 penetrating from the recess 122 to the upper surface 120.

The intermediate member 11 has a circular shape in a plan view, in this embodiment, a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 65 mm and a convex spherical upper surface and a lower surface. A hole 131 is provided. Middle through hole 13
The cylindrical inner diameter of the first through hole 130 and the lower through hole 13
2 is formed larger than the inner diameter of the cylinder.

The tension spring 14 includes an upper through hole 130 of the upper member 10, a middle through hole 131 of the intermediate member 11, and a lower member 12.
The upper end of the tension spring 14 is attached and fixed to an upper attachment portion 150 which is an attachment portion 15 provided in the concave portion 102 of the upper member 10, and the lower end of the tension spring 14 is attached to the lower member. The lower mounting portion 15 provided in the 12 concave portion 122
Attach to 1.

Due to the urging force of the tension spring 14, the upper member 10 and the lower member 12 of the inclined block 1a slide without being fixed while closely contacting the concave spherical surface and the convex spherical surface so as to attract each other with the intermediate member 11 therebetween. It is provided freely. The sliding between the concave spherical surface and the convex spherical surface is performed when a pressing force other than the vertical direction is applied to the upper surface 101 of the upper member 10 in a state where the lower surface 121 of the inclined block 1a is placed horizontally on the machine tool table B. , The top surface moves at right angles to that direction, at which time the respective concave and convex spherical surfaces slide. The useful weight per piece in the size of the inclined block of this embodiment is about 10 t (ton). Therefore, since four pieces are used at four corners for processing the workpiece W, the durable weight received from the placed workpiece W can be used up to 40 t.

Next, the operation of the inclined block 1a according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described. The workpiece W is
In FIG. 3, the end is warped toward the upper surface side from the center.
It is a sheet-like body. First, the workpiece W is fixed to the machine tool table B in order to process the upper surface of the workpiece W two-dimensionally with a cutting tool A such as an end mill or a full back.

In order to stably fix the workpiece W on the machine tool table B, the clamping plate C for tightening the workpiece W is
The inclined blocks 1a of the present invention are installed at the four corners on the lower surface W1 side of the workpiece W. That is, the workpiece W is placed on the four inclined blocks 1a, and furthermore, the jack E is raised, and is pressed from the four corner upper surfaces W2 by the fastening plate C with the fixing bolt D as a fulcrum, so that the workpiece W is placed on the machine tool table B. Fixed to At this time, even when the workpiece W is warped as shown in FIG. 4 and its lower surface W1 is inclined with respect to the surface of the machine tool table B, the upper surface of the inclined block 1a has an upper member, an intermediate member, and an intermediate member. And the lower member are in contact with each other at the same curvature spherical surface and are fastened to each other by the tension spring.
The lower surface W of the workpiece W can be tilted 360 degrees.
Even if there is a pressing by the fastening plate C in order to match with the sled of 1, there is no forced flat shape.

In FIG. 4, the upper surface W2 of the workpiece W is flattened and the clamping plate C is removed, and the workpiece W1 is a front explanatory view shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a front explanatory view showing a state in which the workpiece W is turned upside down and the lower surface W1 of the workpiece W is planarized.

The tilt direction of the tilt block 1a can be tilted corresponding to a 360-degree angle. The angle of inclination of the inclined block 1a is determined by various factors such as the curvature of the spherical surface, the relative spherical surface area of the spherical surfaces that slide in contact with each other, and the cylindrical inner diameter of the through hole with respect to the outer diameter of the member. The angle is 7 degrees 30 minutes.

The inclined block 1b according to another embodiment of the present invention comprises at least two or more members laminated in the vertical direction, and a surface in contact with each other is a combination of a concave spherical surface and a convex spherical surface having the same curvature spherical surface. And lubricating oil is applied to the contacting surface. For example, the lower surface 100b of the upper member 10b is formed as a concave spherical surface or a convex spherical surface, and the upper surface 120b of the lower member 12b is formed as a convex or concave spherical surface having a curvature spherical surface corresponding to the lower surface 100b of the upper member 10b. In the embodiment shown in FIG.
The lower surface 100b of the upper member 10b is formed as a concave spherical surface,
The upper surface 120b of the lower member 12b is formed as a convex spherical surface. The lower surface 100b of the upper member 10b and the upper surface 120b of the lower member 12b are slidable, and the through holes 13b passing through the upper member 10b and the lower member 12b, that is, the tension provided in the upper through hole 130b and the lower through hole 132b, respectively. The upper and lower members are provided to be attracted to each other by the spring 14b. The upper end of the tension spring 14b is
The lower attachment part 151 is attached and fixed to the upper attachment part 150b, which is the attachment part 15b provided in the recess 102b of FIG. b, and the lower end of the tension spring 14b is provided in the recess 122b of the lower member 12b.
b.

[0024]

According to the present invention, when a workpiece is fixed on a machine tool table or the like and plane-machined by a cutting tool,
Even when the workpiece has a warp, it is possible to automatically cope with the inclination direction and the tilt angle of the sled simply by placing the workpiece on the inclined block of the present invention and tightening.

As a result, various skilled work processes for coping with warpage as in the prior art are not required, and work efficiency is greatly improved by shortening work time.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of an inclined block showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the inclined block in a state where the inclined block is also inclined.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory perspective view showing a case where the inclined block of the present invention is placed on four corners of a lower surface of a workpiece on a machine tool table to perform a plane machining operation.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory front view showing a case where the inclined block of the present invention is placed on the lower four corners of a workpiece on a machine tool table to perform a planar machining operation.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the workpiece in a state where a clamping plate and the like are removed after the upper surface planar processing operation of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a front view after the work is turned over and the lower surface is further flattened after the operation of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a front sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention in the case of two upper and lower members.

FIG. 8 is a partial explanatory view of the prior art 1;

FIG. 9 is an explanatory perspective view of a conventional technique 2.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory front view showing a conventional workpiece with a sled mounted on a machine tool table.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view in a case where a workpiece with a conventional sled is fixed on a machine tool table with a fastening plate, a fixing bolt, and a jack to perform plane processing.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory front view showing a state in which a clamping plate or the like is removed from a conventional workpiece having a sled after the upper surface flattening operation shown in FIG. 11;

[Explanation of symbols]

 1a Inclined block 10 Upper member 100 Lower surface of upper member 101 Upper surface of upper member 102 Depression of upper member 11 Intermediate member 110 Upper surface of intermediate member 111 Lower surface of intermediate member 12 Lower member 120 Upper surface of lower member 121 Lower surface of lower member 122 Lower member Recess 13 through hole 130 upper through hole 131 middle through hole 132 lower through hole 14 tension spring 15 mounting portion 150 upper mounting portion 151 lower mounting portion 1b inclined block 10b upper member 100b lower member upper surface 101b upper member upper member 102b upper member 12b Lower member 120b Upper surface of lower member 121b Lower surface of lower member 122b Recess of lower member 13b Through hole 130b Upper through hole 132b Lower through hole 14b Tension spring 15b Mounting portion 150b Upper mounting portion 151b Lower mounting portion W Workpiece W1 Lower surface of workpiece W2 Upper surface of object A Cutting tool B Machine tool table C Fastening tool (clamping plate) D Support (fixing bolt) E Jack X1 Block of prior art 1 X2 Seam of prior art 1 Y Block of prior art 2 Y1 Leg of prior art 2 Department

Claims (3)

[Claims] An upper member has a lower surface formed as a concave spherical surface or a convex spherical surface, and an upper surface of a lower member has a curvature spherical surface corresponding to a lower surface of the upper member. Are formed as a convex spherical surface or a concave spherical surface, and the lower surface of the upper member and the upper surface of the lower member are slidable in contact with each other, and a through hole penetrating the upper member and the lower member, and the upper and lower members are attracted to each other. And a tension spring provided in the through hole. 2. An upper member, an intermediate member, and a lower member which are laminated at least in a vertical direction. The lower surface of the upper member and the upper surface of the lower member are formed as concave spherical surfaces. A through-hole that is formed as a curved spherical surface corresponding to the concave spherical surface of the lower surface of the upper member and the concave spherical surface of the upper surface of the lower member, respectively, and penetrates the upper member, the intermediate member, and the lower member; And a tension spring provided in the through hole so as to attract each other. 3. An upper member, an intermediate member and a lower member laminated at least in the vertical direction, wherein the lower surface of the upper member and the upper surface of the lower member are formed as concave spherical surfaces, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the intermediate member are A through-hole penetrating through the upper member, the intermediate member, and the lower member while being formed as the same curved spherical surface as the concave spherical surface on the lower surface of the upper member and the concave spherical surface on the upper surface of the lower member, and And a tension spring provided in the through hole so as to attract each other.