JP2001250324A - Device and method for recording - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To properly perform both ensuring a right for a private copying and preventing an unauthorized copying. SOLUTION: When a copy recording is designated, a copy recording operation is approved provided that copy control information relative to a recording medium that is a copy original does not exist or it is discriminated from the number of copying information in the copy control information that the number of copyings does not exceed a limiting value. Thus, copying operations which do not exceed the limiting value are allowed and copyings by public users for private uses are allowed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a recording apparatus and a recording method capable of performing copy (dubbing) recording from a recording medium to a recording medium.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, a CD-DA (Compact Disc-Digi)
TAL AUDIO), CD-ROM, CD-R (CD-RECORDABL)
E), so-called C-RW (CD-REWRITABLE)
Disc recording media belonging to the D family, MD (MINI
DISC), MD-DATA, and other disk recording media in minidisc systems, and DVDs (DIGITALV
Various disk media such as ERSATILE DISC) are widely used. In addition to disks, there are also tape media such as DAT and media such as memory cards using solid-state memory such as flash memory. These various media are used for recording and reproducing various information such as music, audio, computer data / program, moving image video, still image video, and text data.

[0003]

By the way, among the information recorded on the above various recording media, there is a copyrighted data in music data, computer program data and the like. And of course, those data are illegal to copy (dubbing) other than the user's private copy. However, in reality, for example, CD
Is illegally copied to recordable media such as CD-Rs, etc., and vendors selling the music are rampant, and it is necessary to take measures to prevent illegal copying for copyright protection. Is done. For this reason, conventionally, for example, S
CMS (serial copy management system) uses technology to prohibit copying for more than two generations,
Some piracy prevention measures have been implemented.

[0004] However, any piracy prevention technology cannot completely prohibit copying due to the necessity of securing the right of private copying, that is, the necessity of enabling legal copying. For this reason, it is difficult to completely eliminate illegal copies.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to ensure that the right of private copying and the prevention of illegal copying can both be achieved at the same time.

[0006] Therefore, the recording apparatus of the present invention comprises a recording means capable of recording information reproduced from a recording medium serving as a copy source on a recording medium serving as a copy destination, and a recording means for performing copy recording. Storage means for storing copy management information having the identification information of the recording medium and the number of copies of the recording medium as the copy source, and when the copy recording is instructed, the copy source is determined based on the identification information When the copy management information for the recording medium is searched in the storage unit, and the corresponding copy management information does not exist, or when it is determined that the number of copies does not exceed the limit value from the number of times of copy information in the corresponding copy management information. Permits the copy recording operation by the recording means based on the copy recording instruction, while allowing the copy in the corresponding copy management information Several information, if it is determined that the copy count exceeds a limit value, so that a control means for prohibiting the copying recording operation by said recording means based on an instruction of the copy recording. Further, the control means includes:
Along with the copy recording operation by the recording unit, the storage unit updates or stores the copy management information on the recording medium that is the copy source in the copy recording operation. In addition, the copy management information includes the latest copy recording date information, and the control unit determines whether the number of copies from the recording medium serving as the copy source exceeds the limit value, If the latest copy recording date is more than a predetermined period before the present, a copy recording operation by the recording unit based on the copy recording instruction is permitted.

According to the recording method of the present invention, along with the copy recording operation, the storage or update of the copy management information having the identification information and the copy number information of the recording medium which is the copy source in the copy recording operation is executed. A copy management information setting procedure, a search procedure for searching for copy management information on a recording medium that is a copy source based on the identification information when a copy recording is instructed, and a copy management information corresponding to the search procedure. Is not present, or when it is determined from the copy count information in the corresponding copy management information that the copy count does not exceed the limit value, the copy recording operation by the recording unit based on the copy recording instruction is performed. Is permitted, on the other hand, if it is determined from the copy count information in the relevant copy management information that the copy count exceeds the limit value Prohibits copying recording operation by said recording means based on an instruction of the copy recording, it is assumed that the copying permission / prohibition setting procedure is performed. Further, in the copy permission / prohibition setting procedure, even if it is determined that the number of copies from the recording medium serving as the copy source exceeds the limit value, the latest copy recording date is more than a predetermined time period from the present. In such a case, a copy recording operation by the recording means based on the copy recording instruction is permitted.

That is, according to the present invention, in the recording apparatus, copy management information capable of managing the number of copies and the recording date is stored together with the identification information of the recording medium serving as the copy source. At the time of copy recording, permission / prohibition of the copy operation is set based on the presence or absence of copy management information on the copy source recording medium, the number of copies in the copy management information, or the copy recording date. In this manner, copying is prohibited for an unauthorized trader or the like who intends to copy a large number of disks with the same title at one time, and copying by a general user within the range of private use is possible.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a disk drive as an embodiment of a recording apparatus and a recording method of the present invention will be described in the following order. 1. 1. Configuration of disk drive device 2. Subcode and TOC 3. Copy management information Processing during copy recording

[0010] 1. Configuration of Disk Drive Device It is assumed that the disk drive device of the present example is a device capable of recording, reproducing, and copying corresponding to a CD format disk. Examples of the CD format disc include a CD-DA (Compact Disc-Digital Audio), a CD
-ROM, CD-R (CD-RECORDABLE), CD-RW (C
D-REWRITABLE). CD-DA, CD-ROM
Is a read-only disc. The CD-R is a write-once disc also called a write-once medium. CD-
The RW is a rewritable disc using the phase change principle.

FIG. 1 shows an example of the external appearance of a disk drive device 70 of the present embodiment. FIG. 2 shows a schematic internal configuration of the disk drive device 70. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the disk drive device 70
1 and a reproducing unit 72, and two disk loading units 73 and 74 are provided corresponding to this as shown in FIG. By operating the eject button 24A, the user can pull out the disk tray of the disk loading unit 73, and can insert or remove the disk 90 from the recording / reproducing unit 71. Similarly, the user can pull out the disc tray of the disc loading unit 74 by operating the eject button 24B, and can insert or remove the disc 90 from / to the reproducing unit 72.

In the recording / reproducing section 71, CD-R, C
Playback operation for CD format discs such as D-RW, CD-DA, CD-ROM, and CD-R, CD
-Recording operation for RW can be performed. Playback part 7
2, CD-R, CD-RW, CD-DA, C
A reproduction operation can be performed on a CD-format disk such as a D-ROM.

As shown in FIG. 2, a CPU 10A is provided in the recording / reproducing section 71, and a recording /
The reproduction / input / output operation is controlled. In the reproducing section 72, the reproduction / input / output operation is controlled by the CPU 10B. The CPUs 10A and 10B can communicate with each other and can exchange various control information. CP
The flash memory 30 is connected to the U10A so as to be accessible, and the flash memory 30 is used for storing copy management information described later. Details will be described later. Note that the flash memory 30 may be connected to the CPU 10B. In any case CPU
Both 10A and 10B are capable of storing and reading access to the flash memory 30.

The recording / reproducing unit 71 and the reproducing unit 72 are connected to a host computer 80 via interfaces 13A and 13B, respectively. The playback unit 72 responds to a playback command from the host computer 80, and
And the transfer of the reproduced data to the host computer. The recording / reproducing unit 71 includes a host computer 80
The playback operation of the disc 90 and the transfer of the playback data to the host computer in response to the playback command from
In addition, a recording operation on the disk 90 is performed in response to a recording command and recording data supplied from the host computer 80. The data reproduced from the disk 90 by the reproducing unit 72 is supplied to the recording and reproducing unit 71 as copy data Sc, and can be recorded on the disk 90 by the recording and reproducing unit 71 side. That is, this is an operation called copy (or dubbing) recording. The recording / reproducing unit 71 and the reproducing unit 72 respond to a copy command from the host computer 80,
Execute the copy recording operation.

FIG. 3 shows a detailed configuration of the recording / reproducing section 71. In FIG. 3, the disk 90 is a CD-R, a CD-R
It is a disk of CD format such as W, CD-DA, CD-ROM. The disc 90 is a turntable 7A
, And is rotationally driven at a constant linear velocity (CLV) or a constant angular velocity (CAV) by a spindle motor 6A during a recording / reproducing operation. Then, the pit data on the disk 90 is read by the optical pickup 1A. The pits are phase change pits in the case of CD-RW, pits due to organic dye change (reflectance change) in the case of CD-R, and embossed pits in the case of CD-DA and CD-ROM.

In the pickup 1A, a laser diode 4A as a laser light source, a photodetector 5A for detecting reflected light, an objective lens 2A as an output end of the laser light, and recording of the laser light on the disk via the objective lens 2A. Irradiates the surface and reflects the reflected light on the photodetector 5A
Is formed (not shown). A monitor detector 22A that receives a part of the output light from the laser diode 4A is also provided.

The objective lens 2A is held by a biaxial mechanism 3A so as to be movable in a tracking direction and a focusing direction. Also, the entire pickup 1A has a thread mechanism 8
A makes it possible to move in the disk radial direction. The laser diode 4A in the pickup 1A is driven to emit laser light by a drive signal (drive current) from a laser driver 18A.

The information of the reflected light from the disk 90 is detected by the photodetector 5A, converted into an electric signal corresponding to the amount of received light, and supplied to the RF amplifier 9A. Note that the amount of reflected light from the disk 90 varies greatly before and after recording data on the disk 90, during recording, and the like, and that the reflectance itself of a CD-RW is lower than that of a CD-ROM. An AGC circuit is generally mounted on the RF amplifier 9A due to the fact that it is greatly different from ROM and CD-R.

The RF amplifier 9A includes a photodetector 5
A current-voltage conversion circuit, a matrix operation / amplification circuit, etc., corresponding to output currents from the plurality of light receiving elements as A;
A necessary signal is generated by a matrix operation process. For example, it generates an RF signal as reproduction data, a focus error signal FE for servo control, a tracking error signal TE, and the like. Reproduction RF output from RF amplifier 9A
The signal is sent to the binarization circuit 11A and the focus error signal F
E, the tracking error signal TE is the servo processor 1
4A.

On the disk 90 as a CD-R or CD-RW, grooves (grooves) serving as guides for recording tracks are formed in advance, and in the grooves, time information indicating an absolute address on the disk is FM. The signal is wobbled by the modulated signal. Therefore, at the time of the recording / reproducing operation, tracking servo can be applied from the information of the groove, and an absolute address and various physical information can be obtained as the wobble information of the groove. The RF amplifier 9A extracts the wobble information WOB by a matrix operation process, and supplies the extracted wobble information WOB to the groove decoder 23.

The groove decoder 23 obtains absolute address information by demodulating the supplied wobble information WOB, and supplies the absolute address information to the CPU 10A. When the rotation of the spindle motor 6A is controlled so that the center frequency of the signal as the wobble information becomes a predetermined frequency, the linear velocity defined by the CD method can be realized. That is, the spindle error signal SPE can be generated from the wobble information, and can be output to the servo processor 14A.

The reproduction RF signal obtained by the RF amplifier 9A is binarized by a binarization circuit 11A, so that a so-called EFM signal is obtained.
A signal (8-14 modulated signal) is supplied to the encoding / decoding unit 12A. Encoding / decoding unit 12
A has a functional part as a decoder at the time of reproduction and a functional part as an encoder at the time of recording. At the time of reproduction, processing such as EFM demodulation, CIRC error correction, deinterleaving, and CD-ROM decoding are performed as decoding processing, and reproduction data converted to CD-ROM format data is obtained. The encoding / decoding unit 12A
Subcode extraction processing is also performed on data read from the disk 90, and TOC, address information, and the like as subcodes (Q data) are supplied to the CPU 10A. Further, the encode / decode section 12A generates a reproduction clock synchronized with the EFM signal by the PLL processing and executes the decoding processing based on the reproduction clock. The rotation clock information of the spindle motor 6A is obtained from the reproduction clock. , And comparing it with the reference speed information, a spindle error signal SPE can be generated and output.

At the time of reproduction, the encoding / decoding unit 12
A stores the data decoded as described above in the buffer memory 20A. As a reproduction output from the recording / reproducing unit 71, data buffered in the buffer memory 20A is read and transferred and output.

The interface unit 13A is connected to an external host computer 80 as shown in FIG. 2, and communicates with the host computer 80 such as recording data, reproduction data, and various commands. Actually, SCSI, ATAPI interface and the like are adopted. At the time of reproduction, the data is decoded and stored in the buffer memory 2.
0A is stored in the interface unit 1
The data is transferred to the host computer 80 via 3A. Note that a read command, a write command, and other signals from the host computer 80 are supplied to the CPU 10A via the interface unit 13A.

On the other hand, at the time of recording, the host computer 8
Recording data (audio data or CD-ROM data) is transferred from 0, and the recording data is sent from the interface unit 13A to the buffer memory 20A and buffered. In this case, the encoding / decoding unit 12A converts the CD-ROM format data into a CD to encode the buffered recording data.
Processing for encoding into format data (when supplied data is CD-ROM data), CIRC encoding and interleaving, subcode addition, EFM modulation, and the like are executed.

At the time of copy recording, the copy data Sc is supplied from the reproducing unit 72. In this case, the encoding / decoding unit 12A performs the above-described encoding process on the supplied copy data Sc.

The EFM signal obtained by the encoding process in the encoding / decoding unit 12A is sent to the laser driver 18A as a laser drive pulse (write data WDATA) after a waveform adjustment process is performed in the write strategy 21. In the write strategy 21, recording compensation, that is, fine adjustment of the optimum recording power for the characteristics of the recording layer, the spot shape of the laser beam, the recording linear velocity, and the like, and the adjustment of the laser drive pulse waveform are performed.

In the laser driver 18A, the write data W
The laser drive pulse supplied as DATA is supplied to the laser diode 4A to perform laser emission driving. As a result, pits (phase change pits and dye change pits) corresponding to the EFM signal are formed on the disk 90.

APC circuit (Auto Power Control) 19A
Is a circuit unit for controlling the laser output power to be constant regardless of the temperature while monitoring the laser output power by the output of the monitoring detector 22A. The target value of the laser output is given from the CPU 10A, and the laser driver 1 is set so that the laser output level becomes the target value.
8A is controlled.

The servo processor 14A includes an RF amplifier 9
A, the focus error signal FE and the tracking error signal TE, and the spindle error signal S from the encode / decode unit 12A or the groove decoder 20A.
Various servo drive signals of focus, tracking, thread, and spindle are generated from the PE and the like, and the servo operation is executed. That is, a focus drive signal FD and a tracking drive signal TD are generated according to the focus error signal FE and the tracking error signal TE, and supplied to the two-axis driver 16A. The two-axis driver 16A is a focus coil of the two-axis mechanism 3A in the pickup 1A,
The tracking coil will be driven. As a result, a tracking servo loop and a focus servo loop are formed by the pickup 1A, the RF amplifier 9A, the servo processor 14A, the two-axis driver 16A, and the two-axis mechanism 3A.

In response to a track jump command from the CPU 10A, the tracking servo loop is turned off.
By outputting a jump drive signal to the two-axis driver 16A, a track jump operation is executed.

The servo processor 14A further supplies a spindle drive signal generated according to the spindle error signal SPE to the spindle motor driver 17A. The spindle motor driver 17A applies, for example, a three-phase drive signal to the spindle motor 6A in accordance with the spindle drive signal, and causes the spindle motor 6A to execute CLV rotation or CAV rotation. Further, the servo processor 14A generates a spindle drive signal in accordance with a spindle kick / brake control signal from the CPU 10A, and also causes the spindle motor driver 17A to execute operations such as start, stop, acceleration, and deceleration of the spindle motor 6A.

The servo processor 14A generates a thread drive signal based on, for example, a thread error signal obtained as a low-frequency component of the tracking error signal TE or an access execution control from the CPU 10A, and supplies the thread drive signal to the thread driver 15A. Thread driver 1
5A is a thread mechanism 8A according to a thread drive signal.
Drive. Although not shown, the sled mechanism 8A has a main shaft holding the pickup 1A, a sled motor, a transmission gear, and the like, and the sled driver 15A drives the sled motor 8A in accordance with a sled drive signal, so that the pick-up is performed. The required slide movement of 1A is performed.

Various operations of the servo system and the recording / reproducing system as described above are controlled by the CPU 10A. CPU 10A
Executes various processes in response to commands from the host computer 80. For example, when a read command requesting transfer of certain data recorded on the disk 90 is supplied from the host computer 80, first, seek operation control is performed for the designated address. That is, a command is issued to the servo processor 14A, and the access operation of the pickup 1A is executed, which targets the address specified by the seek command. Then, the data of the designated data section is transferred to the host computer 80.
Performs the operation control necessary for transfer to That is, data reading / decoding / buffering from the disk 90 is performed, and the requested data is transferred.

When a write command (write command) is issued from the host computer 80, the CPU 10 first moves the pickup 1A to an address to be written. Then, the encoding / decoding unit 12A executes the encoding process on the data transferred from the host computer 80 as described above, and converts the data into an EFM signal. And write strategy 21 as described above.
Write data WDATA from the laser driver 18A
The recording is executed by being supplied to the.

When there is a copy command from the host computer 80, the recording operation for recording the copy data Sc supplied from the reproducing unit 72 on the disk 90 is controlled.

The flash memory 3 is provided in the CPU 10A.
0 is connected and accessible. Further, the operation information of the eject button 24A is supplied to the CPU 10A, and the CPU 10A executes an operation of ejecting a disc tray (not shown) according to the operation.

FIG. 4 shows the structure of the reproducing section 72. However, the configuration of the reproducing unit 72 is basically the same as that of the recording and reproducing unit 71 described above.
1 except for the components necessary for the recording operation. Therefore, in order to avoid repetitive explanation, the blocks having the same playback function as those in FIG. That is, the pickup 1B, the objective lens 2B,
... Each block to which the “B” of the eject button 24B is attached is a pickup 1A, an objective lens 2A, and a two-axis mechanism 3A in FIG.
.. Are the same as the respective blocks to which "A" of the eject button 24A is attached.

The difference from the recording / reproducing section 71 is that the write strategy 21 and the groove decoder 23 described above are not required (however, the groove decoder 23 may be mounted), and the encoding function is not required as the decoding section 12B. And so on. Note that, at the time of copy recording, the decoding unit 12B uses the decoding / decoding data as the copy data Sc and encodes / decodes the encoding / decoding unit 12A of the recording / reproducing unit 71.
It has a function to supply to.

In the reproducing section 72, the CPU 10B executes various processes in response to a command from the host computer 80. For example, when a read command requesting transfer of certain data recorded on the disk 90 is supplied from the host computer 80, first, seek operation control is performed for the designated address. That is, a command is issued to the servo processor 14B, and the pickup 1B targeting the address specified by the seek command
Is executed. Thereafter, operation control necessary for transferring the data in the specified data section to the host computer 80 is performed. That is, data reading / decoding / buffering from the disk 90 is performed, and the requested data is transferred.

When a copy command is issued from the host computer 80, data is reproduced from the disc 90, and the operation of supplying the reproduced data to the recording / reproducing unit 71 as copy data Sc is controlled. In the following description of the disk copy processing, in the copy operation, the disk on the reproduction unit 72 side as the copy source is referred to as the copy source disk 90P, and the disk on the recording and reproduction unit 71 as the copy destination is referred to as the copy destination disk 90R. I will call it.

Note that the CPU 10B can also write / read data to / from the flash memory 30 described above. For this purpose, the CPU 10B may be configured to be able to directly access the flash memory 30 or may be accessed via communication with the CPU 10A, that is, C
CPU 10A receives data read from flash memory 30 by PU 10A or writes data to be written to CPU 10A.
To be written to the flash memory 30.

The operation information of the eject button 24B is CP
The CPU 10B is supplied to the U10B, and causes the CPU 10B to execute a disc tray ejection operation (not shown) according to the operation.

Although the disk drive device 70 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 is a disk drive device connected to and used by the host computer 80, the disk drive device as a recording device of the present invention is May not be connected to the host computer 80 or the like, for example, such as an audio CD recorder. In this case, an operation unit and a display unit are provided, and the configuration of an interface unit for data input / output is different from the above example. That is, recording and reproduction are performed in accordance with the operation of the user, and a terminal unit for inputting and outputting audio data may be formed. Further, the display unit may be configured to display the track number and time (absolute address or relative address) during recording / reproduction. Of course, various other configuration examples are conceivable.

2. Subcode and TOC In this example, the TOC in the CD format disc
Generate information to identify individual disks using the information,
Since it forms copy management information to be described later, the TOC and subcode recorded in the lead-in area of the CD-format disc will be described here.

The minimum unit of data recorded on a CD-type disc is one frame. One block is composed of 98 frames. Fig. 5 shows the structure of one frame.
become that way. One frame is composed of 588 bits,
The first 24 bits are used as synchronization data, and the following 14 bits are used as a subcode data area. After that, data and parity are allocated.

One frame is composed of 98 frames, and the subcode data extracted from the 98 frames are collected to form one block of subcode data (subcoding frame) as shown in FIG. ) Is formed. First and second frames at the beginning of 98 frames (frame 98n + 1, frame 98n + 2)
Is a synchronization pattern.
Then, from the third frame to the 98th frame (frame 9
8n + 3 to frame 98n + 98), each of which has 96 bits of channel data, that is, P, Q, R, S, T, U,
V and W subcode data are formed.

Of these, P for managing access, etc.
Channel and Q channel are used. However, the P channel only indicates a pause portion between tracks, and the finer control is performed on the Q channel (Q1 to Q1).
Q96). The 96-bit Q channel data is configured as shown in FIG.

First, the four bits Q1 to Q4 are used as control data, and are used for discrimination of the number of audio channels, emphasis, CD-ROM, digital copy availability and the like.

Next, the four bits Q5 to Q8 are ADR, which indicates the mode of the sub-Q data. Specifically, the mode (sub-Q data content) is expressed by the four bits of ADR as follows. 0000: Mode 0: Basically, sub-Q data is all zero (used in CD-RW) 0001: Mode 1: Normal mode 0010: Mode 2: Indicates the catalog number of the disc 0011: Mode 3 ..ISRC (International St
0100: Mode 4: Used for CD-V 0101: Mode 5: CD-R, CD-RW, CD
-Used in multi-session systems such as EXTRA

The 72 bits Q9 to Q80 following the ADR are used as sub-Q data, and the remaining Q81 to Q96 are CR bits.
C.

The address is expressed by the sub-Q data when the mode 1 is indicated by the ADR. ADR = sub Q data and TOC in mode 1
The structure will be described with reference to FIGS. In the lead-in area of the disc, the sub-Q data recorded therein becomes the TOC information. That is, the 72-bit sub Q data of Q9 to Q80 in the Q channel data read from the lead-in area has information as shown in FIG. FIG. 7A shows the structure of FIG. 6B in the lead-in area in detail for the 72-bit sub Q data portion. The sub-Q data has 8-bit data and expresses TOC information.

First, a track number (TNO) is recorded with eight bits Q9 to Q16. In the lead-in area, the track number is fixed to “00”. Then Q17 ~
POINT (point) is described by 8 bits of Q24. Q25-Q32, Q33-Q40, Q41-Q48
MIN (minutes), SEC (seconds), FRAME (frame) as the elapsed time in the lead-in area
Is shown. Q49 to Q56 are set to “00000000”. Furthermore, Q57 to Q64, Q65 to Q72, Q
PMIN, PSEC, P
FRAME is recorded, but this PMIN, PSEC,
The meaning of PFRAME is determined by the value of POINT.

When the value of POINT is "01" to "99", the value of POINT means a track number,
In this case, in PMIN, PSEC, and PFRAME, the start point (absolute time address) of the track of the track number is minute (PMIN), second (PSE).
C), frame (PFRAME).

When the value of POINT is "A0", PM
The track number of the first track is recorded in IN.
Further, specifications such as CD-DA (digital audio), CD-I, and CD-ROM (XA specification) are distinguished by the value of PSEC. When the value of POINT is “A1”, the track number of the last track is recorded in PMIN. When the value of POINT is “A2”, the PMI
The start point of the lead-out area is the absolute time address (minute (PMIN), N, PSEC, PFRAME).
Seconds (PSEC), frames (PFRAME)).

For example, in the case of a disc on which six tracks are recorded, data is recorded as TOC based on such sub-Q data as shown in FIG. TOC
Therefore, the track numbers TNO are all "00" as shown in FIG. Block NO. Is 9 as described above
It shows the number of one unit of sub-Q data read as block data (sub-coding frame) of eight frames. Each TOC data has the same contents written over three blocks. As shown in the figure, when POINT is "01" to "06", PMIN, P
The start points of the first track # 1 to the sixth track # 6 are shown as SEC and PFRAME.

When POINT is "A0", PM
“01” is shown as the first track number in IN. The disc is identified by the value of PSEC, and is "00" in the case of a normal audio CD. If the disc is a CD-ROM (XA specification), P
SEC = “20”.

If the value of POINT is "A1", P
The track number of the last track is recorded in MIN,
When the value of POINT is “A2”, PMIN, PSE
C, PFRAME indicate the start point of the lead-out area. After block n + 27, block n
.. N + 26 are repeatedly recorded.

In a program area and a lead-out area in which music and the like are recorded as tracks # 1 to #n, the sub-Q data recorded therein has the information shown in FIG. 7B. FIG. 7B shows the structure of FIG. 3B in the program area and the lead-out area in detail for a 72-bit sub Q data portion.

In this case, first, a track number (TNO) is recorded by eight bits Q9 to Q16. That is, for each of the tracks # 1 to #n, the value is any one of "01" to "99". In the lead-out area, the track number is "AA". Subsequently, an index is recorded in 8 bits Q17 to Q24. The index is information that can further subdivide each track.

Q25 to Q32, Q33 to Q40, Q41
Each of the 8 bits from Q48 to Q48 indicates MIN (minute), SEC (second), FRA
The ME (frame) is shown. Q49-Q56 is "00
000000 ”. Q57-Q64, Q65-Q
8 bits of 72, Q73-Q80 are AMIN, ASE
C, AFRAME, which are minute (AMIN), second (ASEC), and frame (AF) as absolute addresses.
RAME). The absolute address is an address continuously added from the head of the first track (that is, the head of the program area) to the lead-out area.

3. Copy Management Information In the disk drive device 70 of this example, the CPU 1
0A or 10B enables creation of copy management information and processing using the same, and further allows writing / reading of copy management information to / from the flash memory 30. The copy management information used in this example will be described with reference to FIG.

In the copy operation, data is copied by treating the disk 90 loaded in the reproducing unit 72 as a copy source disk 90P and the disk 90 loaded in the recording / reproducing unit 71 as a copy destination disk 90R. is there. Copy management information means that every time a copy operation is performed,
It is created or updated for the copy source disk 90 loaded in the playback unit 72. In other words, the copy management information can be said to be information indicating the copy history of the copy source disk. The copy management information is stored in one disk (1
For each type / content), one is formed.

As shown in FIG. 9, one copy management information CP # 1 stored in the flash memory 30 corresponding to one disk has a write pointer P, the number of copies q, and the last recording date of the disk. It is included together with the identification information. FIG. 9 shows the content of the copy management information in a state corresponding to the byte address on the flash memory 30.

The disc identification information is generated by using the above-mentioned TOC data to generate information unique to the disc so that it functions as information for identifying a disc having a specific title. In this example, the information is formed from information on the total capacity of the disk and track information on each track.

The total capacity of the upper, middle and lower 8 bits is 24 bits in total, and the total capacity of the main data (music and the like) recorded on the disc is the number of frames, that is, the number of frames per 8 bits. This is a value expressed in seconds / frame. That is, the value obtained by subtracting the start point of the first track # 1 from the start point of the lead-out area is the program area,
In other words, since the number of frames corresponds to the number of frames of all tracks as main data, for example, in the case of a disc having the TOC in FIG. A value obtained by subtracting “32 frames per second” is recorded.

The track information is provided corresponding to all the tracks recorded on the disc, and is composed of an 8-bit track number and 24-bit time information (8-bit minute / second / frame). . Therefore, first, the track number is set to “01”, and time information on the first track # 1 is described. The time information may be the address of the start point of the track or the value of the playing time of the track. In the case of the start point, according to the example of FIG. 8, the first track # 1
As time information about “0 minute 2 second 3
The value "2 frames" is recorded. In the case of the performance time, as the time information on the first track # 1, "10 minutes 1
A value obtained by subtracting "0 minute 2 second 32 frame" which is the start point of the first track from "5 seconds 12 frames" is recorded. Actually, it is preferable to use the time information as the performance time. The reason will be described later.

Such track information is similarly formed for the second track # 2 and thereafter. In the example of FIG. 8, the case of a disc containing six tracks is described. However, as the copy management information CP # 1 corresponding to such a disc, track information for the sixth track is formed as shown in the figure. Become.

The disc identification information is formed by the total capacity and the track information on each track as described above. It is unlikely that the disc identification information formed based on the TOC data has the same information content between discs having different titles. That is, the information can appropriately function as information indicating a disc with a specific title.

2 provided at the head of copy management information CP
The byte write pointer P is a pointer indicating the address where the next copy management information CP is recorded on the flash memory 30 or the address where the next copy management information is to be recorded. That is, the data amount of the disk identification information is the TOC data amount (the number of tracks) of the disk.
Therefore, the copy management information CP has a variable amount of data. Therefore, the address of the next copy management information CP is indicated by the write pointer P. For example, copy management information CP # in FIG.
The 1 write pointer P indicates "0023" which is the start address of the recording position of the next copy management information CP # 2. Copy management information CP (address 00) recorded at the top of the flash memory 30 in such a form.
00, the address at which the next copy management information CP is recorded (or which is to be recorded next) is indicated in order from the first copy management information CP. Reading and writing of new copy management information CP can be executed.

The copy number information indicates the number of times the copy has been made. That is, the disk corresponding to the copy management information CP indicated by the disk identification information is the copy source disk 9
This is the number of times that copy recording has been performed with 0P, which is a value that is updated with the copy operation.

As the last recording date, the last (latest) date is recorded as the date when copy recording was performed as a copy source. That is, the information is updated to the value of the date at the time when the copy recording is performed.
The year, month, and day can be represented by 3 bytes (24 bits) if at least 12 bits represent the year, 4 bits represent the month, and 5 bits represent the day.

Since the above-described copy management information is stored in the flash memory 30, the disk drive device 70 of the present embodiment restricts copy protection for copyright protection and copy permission for user's private use. Can be compatible.

4. Processing during Copy Recording Hereinafter, processing (processing by the CPUs 10A and 10B) of the disk drive device 70 when copy recording is performed will be described with reference to FIG.

The user writes a CD-DA or CD
-Disk 90P to be copied from, such as ROM
And the recording / reproducing unit 71 stores a CD-R, a CD-R
A disk 90R to be a copy destination such as W is loaded. Then, an operation for executing copy recording is performed using the input device of the host computer 80. The host computer 80 transmits a copy execution command to the disk drive device 70 in response to a user operation.

The disk drive device 70 performs the processing shown in FIG. 10 according to the copy command transmitted as described above. First, in step F101, TOC data of the reproduction side disk, that is, the copy source disk 90P is read, and disk identification information is generated from the TOC data. That is, as described above, the total capacity information and the track information are extracted as the same information as the disc identification information included in the copy management information CP.

Subsequently, in step F102, one piece of copy management information CP is read from the flash memory 30, and the disc identification information in the copy management information CP is compared with the disc identification information generated in step F101. If the disc identification information does not match, step F10
The process proceeds from step 3 to F104, and returns to step F102 to read the next copy management information CP. Then, the disk identification information in the copy management information CP is compared with the disk identification information generated in step F101.
That is, in steps F102, F103, and F104, the copy management information CP in the flash memory 30 is searched using the disk identification information created from the copy source disk 90P.

If the disc identification information is not found for all copy management information stored in the flash memory 30 and no match is detected, the copy source disk 90P for the current copy recording is The disc is determined to be the copy source disk for the first time, and step F
Proceed to 105. Then, this copy source disk 90P
Is generated and written to the flash memory 30. Copy management information CP at this time
In the contents of (1), the disk identification information generated in step F101 is assigned as it is as the disk identification information, the number of copies q = 1, and the date (year / month / day) of that day is set as the last copy recording date. Further, an address indicating the write position of the next copy management information is calculated according to the size of the copy management information, and is set as the value of the write pointer P.

Then, as for the disc 90P which is the copy source for the first time, the copy recording can be considered to be within the range of the private use of the user, so the copy recording is permitted, that is, the process proceeds to step F110. Then, a copy process is executed. In this process, as described above, the reproduction unit 72 reproduces the copy source disk 90P and supplies the reproduced data to the recording / reproduction unit 71 as copy data Sc.
This is a process for executing the operation of recording in R.

By the way, the disk 90 that has become the copy source for the first time as described above is stored in the flash memory 30.
Since the copy management information CP corresponding to the disk 90 is stored, when the copy operation is instructed, if the disk that has been the copy source even once in the past has been set as the copy source disk 90P, the process proceeds to step F103. In some cases, it is determined that the disc identification information matches. In this case, the process proceeds to step F106, in which the value of the copy count q in the copy management information CP determined to correspond to the copy source disk 90P is checked, and the q
Increment the value. Then, in a step F107, it is determined whether or not the value of the copy number q is within the specified value L. For example, if the prescribed value L = 3 is set, 3
Up to the second copy will be allowed within the scope of private use. Of course, setting the specified value L = 3 is merely an example, and L = 1 or L = 5 may be used.

If the value of the number of copies q is within the specified value L in step F107, the current copy recording is permitted, and in step F109 the copy management information C
The contents of P are updated, and copy processing is performed in step F110. In this case, the copy management information CP is updated by first writing the q value incremented in step F106 as a new copy number q and updating the last copy recording date to the date (year, month, day). Processing.

On the other hand, if the value of the number of copies q exceeds the specified value L in step F107, the process proceeds to step F1.
At 08, the value of the last copy recording date in the copy management information CP corresponding to the current copy source disk 90P is confirmed, and the copy recording date is a date that is a predetermined period or more (for example, two months or more) before the present. It is determined whether or not. In addition,
Two months is an example, and the predetermined period may be one month or one year.

For example, if it is determined that the copy was made two months or more in the past, the user does not copy for the purpose of copyright infringement such as selling a copy disc. Judge. That is, for such infringement purposes, it is necessary to perform continuous copying in a short period of time. Therefore, if the latest copy recording date is two months or more, even if the total number of copies executed in the past exceeds the specified value L, the copy recording is permitted. For this reason, the content of the copy management information CP is updated in step F109, and the
To perform copy processing. Updating of the copy management information CP in this case is processing of updating the last copy recording date to the date (year, month, day). The value of the number of copies q may be written as the new value of the number of copies q incremented in step F106. However, in response to the fact that copying has not been performed for a predetermined period of time, The value of the number q may be reset to “1”.
That is, the current copy record may be returned to a state where it is regarded as the first copy record.

If it is determined in step F107 that the value of the number of copies q exceeds the specified value L, and in step F108 it is determined that the predetermined period (for example, two months) has not elapsed since the most recent copy recording date, Because the copy is likely to be made for copyright infringement purposes,
In step F111, copy prohibition processing is performed. That is, CPU
10A or 10B notifies the host computer 80 of an error to the effect that it has been determined that copying is prohibited, so that processing corresponding to the copy command is not executed. In accordance with the error notification, the host computer 80 notifies the user by displaying a copy prohibition message to the user on the display device or by issuing a warning sound.

By performing the above-described processing, the copy recording operation in the disk drive device 70 is executed when it is considered to be within the range of the private use of the user, but exceeds the range of the private use. If we determine that there is a risk of copyright infringement, we will not take action,
Appropriate copy restrictions can be realized.

In the description of the copy management information shown in FIG. 9, it is stated that the time information in the track information constituting the disc identification information is preferably the track performance time rather than the value of the track start point. Was. This is for the following reason. For example, a certain CD-DA and its CD-D
Considering a CD-R copied from A, the two disks should be regarded as the same disk from the viewpoint of copyright protection. That is, the copy destination CD-R becomes the copy source next and the other CD-R
If the data can be copied to an R or the like, a large amount of copy discs can be produced, and copying beyond the range of private duplication becomes possible.

Referring to the processing example of FIG. 10, for example, in order to consider the CD-DA and the CD-R as the same disk and to prevent mass production of copy disks, a disk obtained from the TOC of both disks is required. It is necessary that the identification information has the same value. Here, assuming that the disc identification information is the total capacity and the playing time of each track, these pieces of information that can be discriminated from the TOC of the CD-DA and the CD-R are the same, and the disc can be regarded as almost the same disc. However, if the start point of the track (absolute address on the disk) is used, there is a possibility that the track will be shifted during copying. In other words, CDs are not necessarily
-Recording is not always performed at the same address value as that of DA. For this reason, the value of the disc identification information that can be discriminated from the TOC of the CD-DA and the CD-R may be different, that is, the CD-DA and the CD-R may be discriminated as discs having different contents. . From such a point, it is preferable that the time information in the track information is the performance time of the track, and the disc identification information is preferably generated based on the total capacity and the capacity (performance time) of each track.

According to the processing example of FIG. 10, the copy management information CP is added to the flash memory 30 every time a new copy source disk 90P is generated. The capacity may be full. So flash memory 3
0 is used in order from the head address, and is used in a so-called ring memory form. When the capacity becomes full, return to the head address and write new copy management information CP while deleting the past copy management information CP. What should I do? Alternatively, referring to the last copy record date,
Copy management information C whose date is before a predetermined period
The capacity may be secured by erasing P.

Although the embodiment has been described above, the configuration of the disk drive device and the processing example are not limited to the above example, and various modifications can be considered. For example, in the processing of FIG.
It is also conceivable to perform processing to prohibit copying exceeding the specified value.

In this embodiment, the copy recording operation can be performed in one apparatus. However, the present invention can be applied to a recording apparatus in which one disk can be loaded. In this case, music data and the like are supplied to the playback apparatus and copied and recorded. If communication of control information with the connected playback apparatus is possible, the copy source is used by the communication. The TOC information of the disc can be exchanged, so that the recording device side can use FIG.
0 can be processed. In the case of a recording device that cannot communicate control information with a playback device, copy management information CP is formed based on TOC information recorded on a disc along with copy recording, and is stored in a flash memory. When a certain recording operation is performed, the disc identification information is obtained from the data formed as the TOC, the copy management information corresponding to the disc identification information is searched in the flash memory 30, and the copy permission is performed in the same manner as in FIG. /
Make a prohibition decision. Then, in the case of permission, T
The OC is written, and the recording operation on the disk is completed.
In the case of prohibition, the writing operation is not completed by not writing the TOC on the disk, so that the data recorded immediately before on the disk is invalidated. By doing so, the present invention can be realized even with a single recording device.

In the above embodiment, the copy management information is stored in the flash memory, but may be a hard disk or other recording medium. In the above example, copy recording on a CD-type disc has been described. However, recording media serving as a copy source and a copy destination are MD,
Other main discs such as DVD, magnetic tape media,
Alternatively, the present invention can be applied to copy recording on any recording medium such as a solid-state memory medium such as a memory card.

[0092]

As can be seen from the above description, according to the present invention, when copy recording is instructed, if there is no copy management information for the recording medium to be copied,
Alternatively, if it is determined from the copy count information in the corresponding copy management information that the copy count does not exceed the limit value,
Allow copy recording operation. Accordingly, copying is permitted a number of times that does not exceed the limit value, and copying for private use by general users is possible. On the other hand, if it is determined from the copy count information in the copy management information that the copy count exceeds the limit value, the copy recording operation is prohibited, and copying exceeding the limit value is prohibited.
That is, copying is prohibited for a user who intends to copy a large amount of a CD or the like having the same title, that is, a user who makes an illegal copy for sale or the like. As a result, the user's right of private reproduction and copy prohibition for copyright protection can be well balanced.

The copy management information always has appropriate contents by storing or updating the copy management information of the recording medium that is the copy source in the copy recording operation in accordance with the copy recording operation. The above-described copy permission / prohibition can be appropriately determined.

The copy management information includes the latest copy recording date information, and also includes
If the latest copy recording date is more than a predetermined period before the present, copying is permitted even if the number of copies exceeds the limit value. This is because fraudulent users need to make a large number of copies at once, and conversely, making copies for a predetermined period of time, for example, one month or two months, is more for private use than for unauthorized sale. Therefore, appropriate processing can be realized by permitting copying.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an appearance of a disk drive device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the disk drive device according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a recording / reproducing unit of the disk drive device according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a reproducing unit of the disk drive device according to the embodiment;

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a frame structure of a CD system.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a sub-coding frame of the CD system.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of sub-Q data of the CD system.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a TOC structure of a CD system.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of copy management information according to the embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a process at the time of copy recording according to the embodiment;

[Explanation of symbols]

1A, 1B pickup, 2A, 2B objective lens,
3A, 3B Biaxial mechanism, 4A, 4B Laser diode, 5A, 5B Photodetector, 6A, 6B spindle motor, 8A, 8B Thread mechanism, 9A, 9B
RF amplifier, 10A, 10B CPU, 12A encoding / decoding unit, 12B decoding unit, 13A, 13
B interface unit, 14A, 14B servo processor, 20A, 20B buffer memory, 21 write strategy, 23 groove decoder, 70 disk drive device, 71 recording / reproducing unit, 72 reproducing unit,
80 host computer, 90 disk

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A recording means capable of recording information reproduced from a recording medium serving as a copy source on a recording medium serving as a copy destination, and a recording serving as a copy source at the time of copy recording. About the medium,
Storage means for storing copy management information having identification information of the recording medium and copy number information; and when copy recording is instructed, the copy management information for the recording medium to be copied based on the identification information is stored in the storage means. If the corresponding copy management information is not found in the storage means or if it is determined that the number of copies does not exceed the limit value from the number of times of copy in the corresponding copy management information, it is determined based on the copy recording instruction. In the meantime, if it is determined that the copy number exceeds the limit value from the copy number information in the corresponding copy management information, the recording means based on the copy recording instruction is permitted. And a control unit for prohibiting the copy recording operation of the recording apparatus. 2. The control means stores, in accordance with a copy recording operation performed by the recording means, storage or storage of the copy management information for a recording medium which is a copy source in the copy recording operation. The recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the recording apparatus performs an update. 3. The copy management information includes information on a latest copy recording date, and the control unit determines that the number of copies from a recording medium serving as a copy source exceeds a limit value. The copy recording operation by the recording unit based on the copy recording instruction is permitted when the latest copy recording date is more than a predetermined period before the present date even if the recording is performed. The recording device according to claim 1. 4. A copy management information setting procedure for storing or updating copy management information having identification information and copy number information on a recording medium that is a copy source in the copy recording operation, in accordance with the copy recording operation. When a copy record is instructed, a search procedure for searching for copy management information on a recording medium that is a copy source based on the identification information, and the search procedure determines that the corresponding copy management information does not exist. Or if it is determined from the copy count information in the corresponding copy management information that the copy count does not exceed the limit value, the copy recording operation by the recording unit based on the copy recording instruction is permitted, If it is determined from the copy count information in the corresponding copy management information that the copy count exceeds the limit value, the copy record Prohibiting copying recording operation by said recording means based on the instruction, the recording method characterized by the copy permission / prohibition setting procedure, is performed. 5. The copy management information includes the latest copy recording date information, and in the copy permission / prohibition setting procedure, the number of copies from a copy source recording medium is a limit value. Even when it is determined that the date exceeds, if the latest copy recording date is more than a predetermined period before the present, the copy recording operation by the recording unit based on the copy recording instruction is permitted. The recording method according to claim 4, wherein the recording method is performed.