JP2001241899A - Ammunition for blank cartridge - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ammunition for a blank cartridge whose projectile unit is split and crushed upon firing and the fragment thereof is crushed into small pieces, while the flying range of the small pieces is narrow and continuous firing can be effected, further, the ammunition is readily biodegradable. SOLUTION: In the ammunition for the blank cartridge consisting of a cartridge unit equipped therein with a detonator, an igniting charge, a propellant and the projectile unit, the projectile unit is constituted of a biodegradable resin and fillers, whose specific gravity is 1-10 and the maximum grain size thereof is smaller than 3 mm.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ammunition for empty packets, which is divided and crushed almost at the same time when it is fired from a gun, and small fragments have a narrow flight range and spontaneously decompose and disappear in a natural environment. About empty ammunition.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, shooting training has the same sound, smoke,
Light and then recoil are desired. However, with live ammunition, the firing distance of the bullet to be fired was large, so it was difficult to secure a place for shooting training, and the opportunity was limited. Therefore, in shooting training, it is desired that there is no splatter from the muzzle, and if so, an ammunition that falls at a short distance from the muzzle.

Some of them are known as shooting training ammunition. As an example, a pellet-shaped (tablet-shaped) mass is made by using plastic for the shell of a bullet, forming an axially long groove around the outer periphery of the shell, and pressing iron powder etc. into the cavity inside the bullet. Shot training bullets filled with conditioning materials are available in Handbook Weaponry (Rheinmetall), Break-up Ammunition catalog (NWM)
Is disclosed.

When these shooting training bullets are fired from a cannon using gas recoil, the bullets are cut off by the mountain of the cavity line of the gun cavity, and the bullet band moves along the cavity line to form a bullet. Gives a spin (spin). And the bullet that came out of the muzzle while spinning is destroyed because the shell of the bullet can not maintain the shape due to the centrifugal force going outward, but this shell is not subdivided and it becomes a flowering mass Remain.

Further, plastic is used as a material forming the shell itself. Usually, nylon or polyethylene is used from the viewpoint of strength. As another example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,907,121 discloses a bullet made of an explosive substance that ignites, detonates, and gasifies.

As another example, a bullet (a destroyable consumable for a military exercise) in which a biodegradable plastic is used for a shell and the shell is filled with explosives that explode upon impact,
It is disclosed in JP-A-9-89500. Also,
The material of the shell is formed of gluten biodegradable plastic, and the shell is filled with powder for weight adjustment or landing indication together with the explosive.

As another example, there is an empty bullet for a rifle (5.56 mm to 12.7 mm) called a paper bundle. As another example, a bullet for a pistol made of a biodegradable plastic is disclosed in JP-A-6-213597. As another example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 8-320200 discloses a divided and crushable lid for a non-medicated air bag which is configured to be loaded at a boundary between a medicine chamber and a gun cavity.

[0008] This lid stopper is activated by the propellant in the medicine chamber,
In addition to sealing the gas pressure at the time of firing, there is no generation of large lumps when dividing and crushing by this gas pressure.

[0009]

First, the method of destroying the shell by the centrifugal force of the bullet spin requires the following measures.
Normally, grooves are formed on the shell (outer or inner surface). However, in order to reduce the scattering range of flying objects, it is necessary to reduce fragments of the shell. The size of the fragments is determined by the distance between the grooves.

However, in order to secure bullet strength,
Since the number of grooves is limited in terms of its strength (handling, on the bullet feeding system of the cannon), there is a limit in reducing the debris, and it remains as a flowering mass.

And the shell material is plastic,
Normally, nylon or polyethylene is used from the viewpoint of strength, so that they do not disappear by corrosion in a natural environment and remain forever and may cause environmental problems. Next, in the case of the bullet method using explosive material, the bullet material ignites, detonates and gasifies inside the gun barrel, so there is almost no flying material, but the erosion inside the gun barrel shortens the life of the gun There is a risk of becoming. Also, if the deflagration does not occur, there is a possibility that a flight distance equivalent to a live ammunition will be obtained.

Next, in the case of a shell made of gluten biodegradable plastic and a bullet filled with gunpowder, the shell is fired from the gun, flies to the target, and hits the target and the gunpowder in the shell is hit. As a result, problems such as flight distance and training conditions arise, and a training place is specified. Next, since paper and corrugated cardboard are used in the bundle of rifles for empty rifles, the weight is light. No fire was possible. In addition, since the actual ammunition had a different shape, the handling and loading training used when using an actual ammunition could not be adopted.

Next, a pistol bullet using a biodegradable plastic is resistant to impact, is difficult to be divided and crushed, and has a long flying distance of fragments and a light weight of the bullet, so that it cannot be fired continuously. . Next, in the case of a lid for a medicine-free empty package, a large diameter such as 155 mm is used for a separation and loading bullet, and after this lid is loaded, a propellant is loaded.

This is because the bullet and the launching device are completely separated, and have a mass equivalent to a real ammunition, such as a type of cannon that continuously fires using gas recoil (using a 25 mm or 35 mm bullet). Therefore, continuous shooting cannot be stably performed in a rapid manner by obtaining a predetermined cavity pressure.

The present invention has been made in order to solve such a conventional problem. The object of the present invention is to divide a bullet at the time of shooting, to fragment the fragment, and to reduce the flying range of the small fragment. An object of the present invention is to provide an ammunition for empty packets that can be fired continuously and is easily biodegradable.

[0016]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an ammunition for an empty package, comprising a shell portion having a primer, an ignition charge and a propellant therein, and a warhead, wherein the warhead is formed of a biodegradable resin. And a filler having a specific gravity of 1 to 10 and a maximum particle size of 3 mm or less.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the munitions for empty packaging according to the first aspect, the warhead is integrally formed with a biodegradable resin and a filler dispersed therein. Ammunition. In the second invention, the specific gravity is 1 to 10,
In addition, since the filler having a maximum particle size of 3 mm or less is almost uniformly dispersed in the warhead, it has the strength required for the warhead, and has a charging impact (gas pressure ), The shell portion is crushed in the axial direction by the setback (retraction force) at the time of firing, it can withstand cracking, and can be completely split and crushed within a short distance from the muzzle. That is, a predetermined strength and brittleness can be imparted to the warhead.

Moreover, since it is formed of a biodegradable resin, after use, it is naturally decomposed in a natural environment (for example, on the ground) and its shape disappears. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the munitions for empty packaging according to the first aspect, an outer shell of the warhead is formed of a biodegradable resin, and a filler is disposed therein. Ammunition for packaging.

In the third aspect of the present invention, a hollow portion is formed inside the outer shell portion, and a filler is provided in the hollow portion to obtain a mass equivalent to a live ammunition, and at the same time contribute to splitting and crushing of the outer shell portion. ing. The warhead consists of a bullet bottom and a shell,
The filling can be arranged by setting the internal cross-sectional shape of the bullet bottom portion to, for example, a semicircular shape, a semielliptical shape, a trapezoidal shape, or the like.

When the warhead moves out of the muzzle while being accelerated in the gun cavity by the gas pressure to be fragmented, the fillers are both scattered and fall into dust. A fourth invention is the munitions for empty packaging according to the first or third invention, characterized in that a part of the filling is a buffer material.
In the fourth invention, a filler and a cushioning material are provided in the hollow portion of the shell portion. The cushioning material can fill a gap between the fillers, and when the bullet is fed, Reduces the impact of objects moving in the shell and colliding with the shell.

The warhead is composed of a shell portion and a bullet bottom portion, and the filling is arranged by setting the internal cross-sectional shape of the bullet bottom portion to, for example, a semicircular shape, a semielliptical shape, a trapezoidal shape, or the like. be able to. The fifth invention is the first to fourth inventions.
In the munitions for empty packaging according to any one of the inventions, a slit is provided in at least one of the outer bottom surface of the bullet, the outer periphery of the shell portion, and the inner periphery of the shell portion of the bullet head. Ammunition for empty packages.

In the fifth invention, the slit provided serves as a starting point of cracking, and the warhead is divided and crushed. Also,
When going out of the gun cavity of the cannon with gas pressure, it spins (rotates) along the cavity line in the gun cavity with the bullet band, and the outer periphery of the shell shell or the inner periphery of the shell shell of the ammunition for empty package. Is a starting point of cracking and splits and crushes the shell portion.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the munitions for empty packaging according to any one of the first, third, and fourth aspects, the shell portion has a bottom portion formed by a retreat force after firing of the filler. This is an ammunition for empty packaging, characterized in that a destruction region for causing destruction on the side surface of the tail portion of the shell before destruction / separation is formed on the inner surface of the bottom of the shell. In the sixth invention, a concave portion is formed inside the bullet bottom in order to cause destruction on the side surface of the tail portion of the shell due to the retreating force of the filler after firing.

Further, the filler can apply a pressure to the bottom surface and the side surface of the bullet bottom portion, thereby giving a crack from the bottom surface to the side surface of the bullet bottom portion. A seventh aspect of the present invention is the munitions for empty packaging according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, wherein the inner surface of the bullet bottom has a concave cross section formed in a semicircular shape.
In the seventh aspect of the present invention, the warhead has a conical shape similar to that of a normal ammunition, but the bottom of the bullet has a cylindrical shape, and the concave portion on the inner surface (inside) of the bullet has a hemispherical shape.

[0025]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an empty ammunition 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention (claims 1, 2, and 5).
Corresponding to). The munitions for empty packaging 1 comprises a medicine casing 2 and a warhead 3 having a conical tip. And the warhead 3 is formed almost uniformly and integrally with the biodegradable resin and the filler having a specific gravity of 1 to 10 and a maximum particle size of 3 mm or less.

The bullet head 3 forms a bullet band 5 near the bullet bottom 4. The warhead 3 is formed in a shape equivalent to a real bullet. As the biodegradable resin, all of the biodegradable resins that naturally decompose under normal environmental conditions in which oxygen, moisture, microorganisms, etc. are present can be used, but those having a better biodegradability of the biodegradable resin are more preferable. . Furthermore, among them, the melting point is 9
Those having a temperature of 0 ° C. or higher are more preferable. Here, the melting point is 90 ° C
The above means that a gun that fires continuously like a cannon will overheat inside the gun, so it is naturally expected that it will be hotter than in the atmospheric environment. is there.

Here, the term "good biodegradability" means that ASTM-
Under composting conditions according to the standard of D533892, 40
It means that it shows a decomposition rate of 90% or more per day. Specific examples include, for example, polylactic acid bacteria-based lacty (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), aliphatic polyester-based bionole (manufactured by Showa Polymer Co., Ltd.), and polylactic acid-based laccia (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) ), Cell Green (manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.), Bio Green (Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.)
), Ecopla (Cargill Japan Co., Ltd.), Lunare (Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.), Poval (Kuraray Co., Ltd.),
Evercorn (manufactured by Nippon Cornstarch Co., Ltd.), starch-based corn pole (manufactured by Nippon Cornstarch Co., Ltd.), Delon CC (manufactured by Aicello Chemical Co., Ltd.), Novon (manufactured by Chisso Co., Ltd.), Matterby (Nippon Gohsei Chemical) Industrial Co., Ltd.
And starch-based placorn (manufactured by Japan Food Processing Co., Ltd.).

A filler having a specific gravity of 1 to 10 and a maximum particle size of 3 mm or less (hereinafter, abbreviated as dispersed particles) is a constituent material of the warhead 3 and a warhead. In No. 3, they are almost uniformly dispersed. Specific examples of the dispersed particles include, for example, pulverized particles of pulp, coal, iron, zinc, tungsten, and the like.

Among these, pulp and coal are preferred in that they have no harmfulness. The average particle size of the dispersed particles is usually 1 μm to 3 mm, and an optimum particle size is selected depending on the type of the dispersed particles. Generally, the smaller the particle size, the smaller the flight range tends to be.
If it is less than 30, handling at the time of molding becomes difficult. If it exceeds 3 mm, uniform molding becomes difficult.

The dispersed particles are used alone or in combination of two or more. For example, iron powder and pulp, iron powder and coal ash and the like can be mentioned. The content of the biodegradable resin in the warhead of the blank ammunition 1 is usually 5% by weight to 90% by weight, and the strength required for obtaining the maximum cavity pressure and the good split crushing after leaving the muzzle are good. To get the situation, preferably 10
% To 70% by weight, more preferably 15% to 3% by weight.
0% by weight.

When metal powder and other dispersed particles are selected in order to obtain a reaction force effective for continuous firing, it is usually necessary to adjust the type and weight ratio so as to satisfy the following conditions. However, 2 on the right side may be larger depending on the gun system and the propellant used. Cada + Cbdb + Ccdc> 2 Ca: weight ratio of biodegradable resin in warhead Cb: weight ratio of dispersed particles other than metal powder in warhead Cc: weight ratio of metal powder in warhead da: biodegradability True specific gravity of resin db: True specific gravity of dispersed particles other than metal powder dc: Temporary specific gravity of metal powder In the production of the warhead 3 in the ammunition 1 for empty packaging, for example, a substance having a specific gravity 2 (true specific gravity) to be treated is reduced to approximately 0. .1 mm to 2.
Grind to 5 mm. Thereafter, the mixture is placed in a mixer, and a polymer resin-based dispersant is added as needed to further increase the uniformity. It is performed by mixing it with a biodegradable resin and performing injection molding.

FIG. 2 shows a warhead 10 of an ammunition for empty packaging according to a second embodiment of the present invention (corresponding to claims 1, 3, and 5 to 7). The warhead 10 includes a shell 11 made of a biodegradable resin and a filler 12 filled therein. The packing 12 includes those having a specific gravity of 1 to 10 and a maximum particle size of 3 mm or less, preferably all having a temporary specific gravity of 3.5 or more and a particle size of 200 μm or less, but are harmful. Those having no properties are preferred.

Specific examples thereof include iron, zinc and tungsten, and in order to obtain convenience in production and good fracturing conditions, preferably the particle size is 10 μm to 100 μm.
m, iron, zinc, tungsten and the like. The thickness of the shell portion 11 is usually 2% to 20% of the caliber of the gun, and is preferably 5% or more of the caliber of the gun in order to secure strength against handling, transportation and loading impact. In addition, in order to secure a weight for obtaining an effective recoil amount for continuous fire and to obtain a good split crushing situation, the caliber of the gun is preferably 20% or less.

The thickness of the bottom portion 13 of the shell portion 11 is not particularly limited because it is necessary to have a strength capable of withstanding the pressure in the gun cavity, but it is usually 15% to 25% of the caliber of the gun. In order to obtain a simple splitting and crushing situation, the bottom 1 of the structure as shown in FIG.
3 is preferred. More preferably, a slit 14 is formed in the bullet bottom 13 as shown in FIG. The manufacture of the shell 11 of the warhead 10 is performed in order to enable molding.
Are divided into units, and a biodegradable resin that has been heated and melted is injection-molded in a mold corresponding to each unit. Thereafter, metal powder is filled or pressed inside.

More specifically, in order to manufacture the shell 11 having the structure as shown in FIG. 2, for example, three units (a front end 15, a body 17 and a bottom 1) shown in FIG.
There is a method of combining 3). Each unit (tip 1
5. A mold for each unit is produced to produce the body portion 17 and the bullet bottom portion 13), and a biodegradable resin melted by heating is injection-molded therein. After assembling the distal end portion 15 and the body portion 17, the hollow portion inside is filled with the filler 12, and the bullet bottom portion 13 is bonded via an adhesive.

In order to produce the shell 11 having the structure shown in FIG. 2, for example, there is a method of combining three units (the tip 15a, the body 17a, and the bottom 13a) shown in FIG. . In this case, for example, a mixture of tungsten and sand at an arbitrary ratio is used as the filler 12a.

If the mass of the filling material is high, the force of the setback (retraction force) G is large, so that the shell 11 must have a predetermined strength. However, if the strength is high, it is not easy to completely crush and fragment into small distances within a short distance from the muzzle, so a biodegradable resin having the property of brittleness (low elongation) is necessary ( In order to reduce the elongation, the amount of the filler is adjusted).

The term "elongation percentage" means that when a tensile force is applied to an object, the object generally undergoes elongation corresponding to the tensile force. The ratio of the dimension elongated by the tensile force to the original length of the object (before applying the tensile force) is represented by%. FIG. 7 shows an empty package ammunition 20 according to the third embodiment of the present invention (corresponding to claim 1, claim 4 to claim 7).

The blank ammunition 20 according to the present embodiment comprises a medicine casing 21 and a warhead 22. And warhead 2
2 is a shell portion main body 23 having a conical tip, and a closing portion 2
And a bullet bottom 24 having five. The shell main body 23 and the bullet bottom 24 are formed of a biodegradable resin. The shell portion main body 23 forms a bullet band 26 near the bullet bottom portion 24. Further, in the shell portion main body 23, a cavity 27 having a closed end portion 27a is formed over the entire length. A filling 28 is arranged in the cavity 27. Filling 28
Is a buffer paper (for example, tissue paper) 28 from the leading end.
a, iron powder (for example, average particle diameter 80 μm) 28 b, iron powder pellets (for example, two cylindrical iron powder pellets) 28
c, and 28d of iron powder (for example, an average particle diameter of 80 μm) are sequentially filled.

At this time, an epoxy-based adhesive is applied to the outer periphery of the columnar iron powder pellet 28c (the side surface in contact with the inner wall of the cavity 27). This is mainly because the impact when loading the ammunition into the cannon does not cause the columnar iron powder pellets 28c to move or collapse inside the bullet to cause damage to the bullet. Since the buffer paper 28a is elastic, the buffer paper 28a
By inserting a, even if a gap occurs due to a change in iron powder density during transportation or storage, this gap can be filled.

The buffering paper 28a is used to load empty ammunition into the cannon, and reduces the impact of the iron powder 28b moving inside the shell. Since the cushioning paper 28a is light and elastic, it is needless to say that the cushioning paper 28a can be used even when there is a gap due to the filling mass of iron powder or the like. Cushioning material 28a
Means, besides paper, cork, foamable resin (for example, foamed polystyrene, foamed polyurethane, foamed polyethylene, etc.)
Can be used.

Here, after filling the filler, the bullet bottom 2
4 is inserted and glued and fixed to complete the basic shell. The iron powder pellets 28c may be formed by pressing iron powder into a tablet shape in addition to the pellets. here,
The tablet shape means a tablet shape and a small disk shape that can be swallowed as a pill.

The case where the filler 28 is filled with the buffer paper 28a, the iron powder 28b, the iron powder pellet 28c, and the iron powder 28d in this order from the leading end is described.
Iron powder pellets 28c, iron powder 28b, iron powder pellets 28
c, the iron powder 28d may be filled in order, or the buffer paper 28a, the iron powder pellets 28c, and the iron powder 28d may be sequentially filled from the tip.

The diameter of the bullet bottom portion 24 is such that the flange portion 29 a is slightly smaller than the body portion of the bullet head 22, and the insertion portion 29 b is such that the insertion portion 29 b can be inserted neatly into the body portion of the shell body 23. The bullet bottom 24 is fixed to the opening 23a of the shell main body 23 via an epoxy-based adhesive. The inner cross section of the bullet bottom portion 24 forms a substantially semicircular concave portion 24a.

Next, the warhead 2 of this embodiment having a diameter of 35 mm
In Table 2, the cavity pressure data when the mass of the shell part (where the filler is loaded) and the amount of the propellant (related to the gas pressure) are reduced (100%) are shown in Table 1. Was.

[Table 1] From this table, it can be seen that a decrease in at least one of the warhead mass and the propellant amount is accompanied by a decrease in cavity pressure.

Also, the minimum cavity pressure required for the cannon to move its feed system depends on the type of cannon,
Combination setting of the warhead mass and the propellant amount can be performed based on data such as Table 1. In this embodiment, the inner cross section of the bullet bottom portion 24 is formed in a semicircular concave portion 24a (in this case, since the bullet bottom portion is cylindrical, the internal concave portion is hemispherical). The shape is not limited to the semicircular shape, but may be a semielliptical shape, a conical shape, a trapezoidal shape, or the like.

Next, the operation of the munitions ammunition 20 according to this embodiment will be described. The ammunition 20 for an empty package is loaded into a gun chamber of a cannon (gun), and a primer 21a provided at the bottom of the ammunition section 21 is ignited with a firing pin, and is transmitted to an igniting agent and a propellant. The warhead 22 is fired. The ammunition portion 21 is automatically ejected from the inside of the gun by the bullet feeding system after the firing of the warhead.

Then, the next bullet is fed by the gas pressure generated in the medicine chamber when the ammunition is fired, but the warhead 22 goes out of the gun cavity by the gas pressure. At this time, the light is emitted while being spun (rotated) along the cavity line in the gun cavity by the bullet band 26.
At this time, the warhead 2 with the setback G (retreat force) at the time of firing
2 is crushed in the axial direction, and the shell portion main body 23 is broken.

When the warhead 22 is in the gun cavity, it needs to secure a gas pressure for feeding the next round, so the warhead 22 moves in the gun cavity as a lump having a certain mass, and Break out and break into pieces completely. And
This fragmented warhead 22 has a maximum width of approximately 10 mm ×
Since it is a 40 mm flake, it rapidly decelerates due to air resistance and falls at a distance close to the muzzle.

The filling 2 contained in the warhead 22
8 is a warhead 22 that is completely fragmented within a short distance from the muzzle while the warhead 22 is accelerated in the gun cavity by gas pressure.
At the same time, it becomes dusty and scatters and falls. At this time, since the iron powders 28b and 28d are inserted on both sides of the iron powder pellets 28c in order to increase the internal density, when the pressure resistance of the shell portion main body 23 starts to be weakened at the time of firing, the iron powder pellets 2
8c retracts while pressing the powder, so that the iron powder pellet 2
8c itself is unevenly distorted, and the iron powder pellets 28
When c collapses and goes out of the muzzle, it becomes powder.

The filler 28 starts to crush the bottom 24 of the warhead 22 by the setback (retreat force) G at the time of projectile firing. At this time, since the cross-sectional shape of the inner bottom of the bullet bottom 24 is substantially semicircular, the filler 28 is
b from the bottom surface 25 of the bullet bottom 24 to the side surface 24b.
Completely cracked over.

When the shell part falls into a short distance from the muzzle, the filler 28 is, for example, iron powder, which is corroded and disappeared in a natural environment, and the shell part 22 is made of a biodegradable resin. So it is decomposed and destroyed by microorganisms in the natural world.

FIG. 9 shows an empty ammunition 30 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention (claims 1, 3 to 7).
Corresponding to). The ammunition for empty package 30 according to the present embodiment has a slit 3 having a width of 1 mm and a depth of 2 mm on the surface of a warhead 31.
2, 33 are provided in a plurality of longitudinal directions. Warhead 3
1 is a body part outer diameter of 35 mm, a length of 175 mm, and a wall thickness of 3 m
m is formed in a conical shape (a shape equivalent to a real bullet).

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, eight slits 32 are provided at equal intervals on the surface of the distal end portion 31a1 of the shell body 31a. The slit 32 is provided in the shell main body 31a.
Is approximately 50 mm from the vicinity of the beginning of the shell 31a2 having the conical shape to the tip 31a1. Slit 3
As shown in FIG. 9, eight tubes 3 are provided at equal intervals on the shell shell 31a2 of the shell main body 31a. The slit 33 is
The distance is about 70 mm from the bullet band 36 to the vicinity of the boundary of the conical shape.

The warhead 31 of the munitions ammunition 30 according to this embodiment includes the munitions 1 shown in FIG. 1 and the munitions 1 shown in FIG.
0, any structure of the blank ammunition 20 shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, the case where eight slits 32 and 33 having a width of 1 mm and a depth of 2 mm are provided is described. However, the groove width, groove depth, length, number, and location of the slits 32 and 33 are adjusted by mass adjustment. It is preferable to appropriately select from the type of filler (the density is important) and the outer diameter of the body.

In this embodiment, the case where the slit is formed on the surface of the shell portion has been described. However, the slit may be formed on the inner surface of the shell portion. The operation of the munitions ammunition 30 according to the present embodiment will be described.

The ammunition 30 for empty packaging is loaded into the chamber of a cannon (gun), and the primer 3 provided at the bottom of the ammunition section 35
7 is ignited by a firing pin to transmit the igniting charge and the propellant, and the shell portion is fired by the pressure of the combustion gas. Medicine department,
After the bullet is fired, it is automatically ejected from the gun by the bullet system.

Then, the next bullet is fed by the gas pressure generated in the medicine chamber when the ammunition is fired, but the warhead 31 comes out of the gun cavity by the gas pressure. At this time, the slits 32 and 33 provided on the outer peripheral side surface and the bottom surface of the warhead 31 while being rotated (rotated) by the bullet band 36 along the cavity line in the gun cavity.
Starting to crack from. At this time, the warhead 31 is crushed in the axial direction by the setback G (retreat force) at the time of firing, and the shell body 3
1a is broken, but the slits 32 and 33 are the starting points of the crack.

When the warhead 31 is in the gun cavity, it needs to secure a gas pressure for feeding the next round, so the warhead 31 moves in the gun cavity as a lump of a certain mass, and Break out and break into pieces completely. And
This small warhead 31 has a maximum width of approximately 10 mm ×
Since it is a 40 mm flake, it rapidly decelerates due to air resistance and falls at a distance close to the muzzle.

FIG. 11 shows a bullet bottom portion 40 used for one of the warhead 10 and the blank ammunition 20, 30 according to the second to fourth embodiments of the present invention (corresponding to claim 5). ). In the bullet bottom portion 40, a flange portion 41 and an insertion portion 44 are integrally formed, and eight slits 43 are formed at equal intervals on an outer bottom surface portion 42 of the flange portion 41.

FIG. 12 shows a bullet bottom portion 50 used in any one of the warhead 10 and the blank ammunition 20, 30 according to the second to fourth embodiments of the present invention. Corresponding to item 7). The bullet portion 50 has a flange portion 51 and an insertion portion 52, and is formed into a concave portion 53 whose internal cross section has a substantially semicircular shape in the bottom direction.

Here, the arrows indicate how the filling (iron powder or the like) is applied to the bottom surface 54 and the side surface 55 by the setback (retreat force) G at the time of firing. Note that the present invention is applicable to a range of conventional empty ammunition for rifles and large ammunition.

[0063]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples.

(Example 1) An example in which the present invention is applied to an empty ammunition for a 25 mm cannon will be described. 90% by weight of waste paper pulp having needle-like crystals having an average fiber length of 2.0 mm and 10% by weight of Lacty (biodegradable resin manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) are mixed, and a polymer resin of 8% by weight in outer ratio is mixed. Add a system dispersant. It was injection molded to produce a 35 g warhead 3 having the outer shape shown in FIG.

A predetermined propellant is charged into the medicine case 2 and
The warhead 3 is installed, and the blank ammunition 1 is manufactured.
A shooting test was performed with a cannon. The state of crushing of the warhead 3 was confirmed by placing a chipboard having a length of 1.8 m x 1.8 m and a thickness of 1 mm at a position 5 m in front of the muzzle and checking the hole diameter and the number of holes in the chipboard.

As a result, judging from the situation of the chip board placed at the point of 5 m, the maximum fragment size was 1.5 cm.
It was found that it had a size of × 1.0 cm and was divided into about 300 small pieces.

Next, a chip board was placed at a point of 30 m and a shooting test was carried out. As a result, no chips were stuck on the chip board, and it was confirmed that there was no flight distance of 30 m or more. It was confirmed that the binder component of the warhead 3 was largely biodegraded in 6 months.

(Example 2) Coal ash was used instead of pulp, and 72% by weight of coal ash having an average particle size of 0.5 mm and 28% by weight of Lacty (biodegradable resin manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) were mixed. Then, 8% by weight of a polymer resin-based dispersant is added. It is injection molded and has the outer shape shown in FIG.
A 9.5 g warhead 3 was produced.

A predetermined propellant was charged into the shell 2, a warhead 3 was installed, an ammunition 1 for blank packaging was prepared, and a shooting test was performed with a 25 mm cannon. The crushing situation of the warhead 3
5m in front of the muzzle, 1.8m x 1.8m x 1m
mm chip board was installed, and it was confirmed by the hole diameter and the number of holes in the chip board.

As a result, judging from the situation of the chip board placed at the point of 5 m, the maximum fragment size was 2.5 cm.
It was found that it had a size of × 1.0 cm and was divided into about 300 small pieces. Next, as a result of performing a shooting test with the chip board placed at a point of 30 m, only one small piece reached the chip board.

It was confirmed that most of the binder component of the warhead 3 was biodegraded in 6 months.

(Example 3) 34% by weight of coal ash having an average particle diameter of 0.5 mm, 44% by weight of iron powder having an average particle diameter of 0.05 mm, and Lacty (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, biodegradation) (Resin) is mixed at 22% by weight, and 8% by weight of a polymer resin-based dispersant is added. Injection molding it, Fig. 1
75 g of the warhead 3 having the outer shape shown in FIG.

A predetermined propellant was charged into the ammunition 2 and a warhead 3 was installed to prepare an ammunition 1 for empty packaging, and a firing test was performed with a 25 mm cannon. The crushing situation of the warhead 3
5m in front of the muzzle, 1.8m x 1.8m x 1m
mm chip board was installed, and it was confirmed by the hole diameter and the number of holes in the chip board.

As a result, judging from the situation of the chip board placed at the point of 5 m, the maximum fragment size was 2.8 cm.
It was found to have a size of × 1.8 cm and was divided into about 300 small pieces. Next, as a result of conducting a shooting test in which the chipboard was placed at a point of 50 m, judging from the condition of the chipboard, the size of the largest fragment was 2.5 cm.
× 1.0 cm, and an average of four pieces penetrated, but none flew over 80 m.

It was confirmed that this ammunition could be fired continuously, and that the binder component of the warhead 3 was largely biodegraded in 6 months. (Example 4) Each part as shown in FIG. 5 was produced, and a filler was combined with the parts to produce a warhead 10A. Bionole (biodegradable resin manufactured by Showa Polymer Co., Ltd.) is used as the biodegradable resin, and tungsten (temporary specific gravity: 5.9) and sand (temporary specific gravity) are mixed at an arbitrary ratio as the filler 12. Use, weight is 75g
And 105 g.

A predetermined propellant was charged into the ammunition, a warhead 10A was set up, an empty ammunition was prepared, and a shooting test was performed with a 25 mm cannon. The state of crushing of the warhead 10A was confirmed by placing a chip board having a length of 1.8 m x 1.8 m and a thickness of 1 mm at a position 5 m in front of the muzzle and checking the hole diameter and the number of holes in the chip board.

As a result, judging from the situation of the chip board placed at the point of 5 m, the maximum fragment size was 3.0 cm.
It was found that it had a size of 1.5 cm and was divided into about 300 small pieces. Next, as a result of conducting a shooting test with the chipboard placed at the 50m point, judging from the situation of the chipboard, in any case, since the chipboard is intact, the power to penetrate the chipboard 50m ahead is Confirmed that there is no remaining.

It was confirmed that this ammunition could be fired continuously, and that the body portion 17 of the warhead 10A was largely biodegraded in 12 months. (Example 5) 35 m of the present invention
An example in which the present invention is applied to an ammunition for an empty gun of an m cannon is shown. Each baht as shown in FIG. 6 was produced, and the warp 10B was produced by combining them with the filler 12a. Bionole (biodegradable resin manufactured by Showa Polymer Co., Ltd.) is used as the biodegradable resin, and tungsten (temporary specific gravity: 5.9) and sand (temporary specific gravity) are mixed at an arbitrary ratio as the filler 12a. And the weight was 380 g.

A predetermined propellant was charged into the ammunition, a warhead 10B was installed, an ammunition for empty packaging was prepared, and a shooting test was performed. As a result, judging from the situation of the chip board placed at the 100 m point, the size of the largest fragment was 3.0 cm.
× 1.0 cm and an average of one dent was observed on one piece, but none of the pieces flew over 110 m.

It was confirmed that this ammunition could be fired continuously, and that the body portion 17a of the warhead 10B was largely biodegraded in 12 months.

[0081]

As described above, the present invention has the following effects.

(1) Since the flying range of the fragment of the warhead divided and crushed at the time of shooting is narrow, the safety is high. (2) It has a shape and mass equivalent to a live ammunition, and enables continuous firing with a cannon. (3) Since firing is possible, the same handling, loading, and shooting training as in actual ammunition are possible. (4) Since the warhead splits and shatters and falls into pieces at a distance close to the muzzle, safety in shooting training (practice) is ensured, and the range of selection of training locations is expanded. (5) Since the warhead is formed of a biodegradable resin mixed with an additive, it naturally decomposes in a natural environment (for example, on the ground) and disappears after use.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an empty ammunition according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a warhead according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a bullet bottom portion of the bullet head of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a bottom view showing a bullet bottom in the bullet head of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the warhead of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a shell portion of the warhead of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a side view showing an empty ammunition according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a cross-sectional view of the empty ammunition shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a side view of a blank ammunition according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a bottom view showing the bullet bottom shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a bullet bottom used in the second to fourth embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a bullet bottom used in the second to fourth embodiments of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1,20,30 Ammunition for empty package 3,10,10A, 10B, 22,31 Warhead 2,15,21,35 Ammunition section 11 Shell part 23,31a Shell part main body 12,12a, 28 Filling material 13 , 13a, 24, 40, 50 Bottom part 14 Slit 15, 15a, 31a1 Tip part 17, 17a, 31a2 Body part 24a, 53 Concave part 25 Closed part 26, 36 Bullet band 27 Cavity 27a Tip part 28a Buffer paper 28b, 28d Iron Powder 28c Iron powder pellet 29a, 41, 51 Flange 29b, 44, 52 Insert 32, 33, 43 Slit

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Ikuo Koyama, Inventor 2, Nishisaka Village, Nishigo-mura, Nishishirakawa-gun, Fukushima Prefecture Within Nippon Koki Co., Ltd. (1) Inside of Nippon Koki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Ouchi Nishisaka, Sasamura, Nishishirakawa-gun, Fukushima Prefecture

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. An empty ammunition comprising a shell, a primer section, a priming and a propellant inside, and a warhead.
The warhead has a biodegradable resin and a specific gravity of 1 to 10,
And a filler having a maximum particle size of 3 mm or less. 2. The munitions for empty packaging according to claim 1, wherein the warhead is formed integrally with a biodegradable resin and a dispersed filler. 3. The munitions according to claim 1, wherein an outer shell of the warhead is formed of a biodegradable resin, and a filler is disposed inside the hull. Ammunition. 4. The munitions for empty packaging according to claim 1, wherein a part of the filling is a cushioning material. 5. The munitions for empty packaging according to claim 1, wherein one of the outer bottom surface of the bullet, the outer periphery of the shell portion, or the inner periphery of the shell portion of the bullet head.
An ammunition for empty packets, characterized by having slits provided in more than two places. 6. The munitions for empty packaging according to claim 1, 3 or 4, wherein the shell portion is provided with a shell shell before the bottom portion is broken / separated by the retreating force of the filling material. An ammunition for an empty packet, wherein a destruction region for causing destruction on a side surface of a tail portion is formed on an inner surface of a bullet bottom portion. 7. The ammunition for empty packaging according to claim 6, wherein the inner surface of the bullet bottom has a concave cross section formed in a semicircular shape.