JP2000284726A - Display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a display device which can use light efficiently at a wide field angle by increasing the intensity of the light in a specific direction. SOLUTION: In this display device 1000, a directional member 100, an anode 30, a hole transport layer 60, an organic light emitting layer 40, an electron transport layer 70 and a cathode are laminated in order on one surface of a substrate 10. The directional member 100 is formed of a 1st medium layer 110 formed of prismatic parts in specific array pattern on the substrate 10 and a 2nd medium layer 120 which differs in refractive index from the 1st medium layer 110. The directional member 100 has cyclic refractive index distributions in an X and a Y direction. Consequently, the directional member 100 has a function of confining light in a specific wavelength band in the two dimensions of the X and Y directions and projects light efficiently in a Z direction. Further, the light is so scattered by a scattering member and projected as to have an excellent field angle.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a display device having a light emitting layer capable of emitting light by current excitation or the like.

[0002]

[Background Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention] EL
In an EL device using (electroluminescence), light is emitted isotropically and the directivity is poor.
When viewed in a specific direction, there is a disadvantage that the light intensity is low and the emitted light cannot be used with high efficiency.

An object of the present invention is to provide a display device which increases the intensity of light in a specific direction, uses light efficiently, has an appropriate viewing angle, and can perform a good display.

[0004]

According to the present invention, there is provided a display device, comprising: a light emitting layer; a directional member for emitting light from the luminescent layer with an increased intensity in a specific direction; A scattering member that scatters and emits light.

According to this display device, the directivity of the light from the light emitting layer can be enhanced by the directing member, and strong light can be emitted in a specific direction. Further, this light can be scattered by the scattering member and emitted. As a result, according to the display device of the present invention, light can be efficiently used,
In addition, a display that is easy to see with a wide viewing angle is possible. This is a common advantage of the display device of the present invention described below.

[0006] The light emitting layer may include a red light emitting layer, a green light emitting layer, and a blue light emitting layer capable of generating red, green, and blue light, respectively. Further, the light emitting layer may generate monochromatic light. In this case, a color filter can be used as needed.

As the directing member, the following optical members can be exemplified.

(A) The directing member is an optical member having a two-dimensional periodic refractive index distribution and capable of confining light in two dimensions.

(B) The directional member has a first reflection layer disposed on one side of the light emitting layer and a reflection function and a transmission function for incident light disposed on the other side of the light emitting layer. And a second reflection layer having a resonator structure.

A micro lens can be exemplified as the scattering member. Examples of the microlenses include a microlens array in which a plurality of microlenses are two-dimensionally arranged, and a diffraction grating having a one-dimensional structure.

The following are examples of the display device according to the present invention.

(A) A display device comprises: a substrate; a directional member formed on the substrate, having a two-dimensional periodic refractive index distribution and capable of confining light two-dimensionally;
Preferably, a light emitting layer including a red light emitting layer, a green light emitting layer and a blue light emitting layer capable of generating red, green and blue light, respectively, a pair of electrode layers for applying an electric field to the light emitting layer, A scattering member that scatters and emits light from the member.

According to this display device, light can be confined in a two-dimensional direction by the directional member. Therefore, light scattered in the two-dimensional direction out of the light from the light emitting layer is reduced, and accordingly, light with high intensity can be efficiently emitted in a direction in which light is not confined.

The directional member may be any member having a two-dimensional periodic refractive index distribution and capable of confining light in a plurality of two-dimensional directions. For example, a diffraction grating structure, a multilayer film structure , A column or other columnar structure, or a combination of these structures.

The following can be exemplified as such a directional member.

(A) A directional member having a periodic refractive index distribution in first and second directions orthogonal to each other.

Such a directing member has a columnar first medium layer arranged in a square lattice, and a second medium layer formed between the first medium layers. Dimensions can confine light in two directions.

(B) A directional member having a periodic refractive index distribution in the first, second, and third directions.

Such a directional member includes, for example, a columnar first medium layer arranged in a triangular lattice shape or a honeycomb shape, and a second medium layer formed between the first medium layers. By having this, light in three directions can be confined in two dimensions.

(B) The display device comprises a substrate, a light-emitting layer, preferably a light-emitting layer including a red light-emitting layer, a green light-emitting layer, and a blue light-emitting layer capable of generating red, green, and blue light, respectively. A first reflective layer disposed on one side of the layer, and a second reflective layer disposed on the other side of the light emitting layer and having a reflection function and a transmission function with respect to incident light; A directional member forming a resonator structure between the first reflective layer and the second reflective layer, a pair of electrode layers for applying an electric field to the light emitting layer, and light from the second reflective layer And a scattering member that scatters and emits light.

According to this display device, light having excellent intensity and directivity can be efficiently emitted by the directional member having the resonator structure.

As the second reflection layer, a dielectric multilayer mirror can be used, and as the first reflection layer,
One of the pair of electrode layers can also serve as one. Also,
The directional member may be configured such that the optical distance between the first reflection layer and the second reflection layer in the resonator structure is a positive multiple of half the wavelength of the emitted light and is equal to the first reflection layer side. It is desirable to make the sum with the phase shift of. Further, when the light emitting layer has wavelength dispersion, polychromatic light can be generated by setting a plurality of resonator lengths of the resonator structure.

The display device of these embodiments may further have at least one of a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer. The directing member can also serve as at least one of the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer.

Next, some of the materials that can be used for each part of the display device according to the present invention will be described. These materials are only a part of known materials, and it is a matter of course that materials other than those exemplified can be selected.

(Light Emitting Layer) The material of the light emitting layer is selected from known compounds in order to obtain light of a predetermined wavelength. The material of the light emitting layer may be either an organic compound or an inorganic compound, but is preferably an organic compound from the viewpoint of abundant types and film-forming properties.

As such an organic compound, for example,
Aromatic diamine derivatives (TPD), oxydiazole derivatives (PBD), oxydiazole dimers (OXD) disclosed in JP-A-10-153967
-8), distilylylene derivative (DSA), beryllium-benzoquinolinol complex (Bebq), triphenylamine derivative (MTDATA), rubrene, quinacridone, triazole derivative, polyphenylene, polyalkylfluorene, polyalkylthiophene, azomethine zinc complex, Porphyrin zinc complex, benzoxazole zinc complex, phenanthroline europium complex and the like can be used.

More specifically, examples of the material for the organic light emitting layer include those described in JP-A-63-70257 and JP-A-63-1758.
No. 60, JP-A-2-135361, 2-1.
JP-A-35359, JP-A-3-152184, JP-A-8-248276 and JP-A-10-1539
Known materials such as those described in JP-A-67 can be used. These compounds may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more.

As inorganic compounds, ZnS: Mn (red region), ZnS: TbOF (green region), Sr
S: Cu, SrS: Ag, SrS: Ce (blue region)
And the like.

(Directing Member) As a medium layer of the directing member,
Known inorganic materials and organic materials can be used.

Representative inorganic materials include, for example,
As disclosed in JP-A-5-273427, Ti
O_Two, TiO_Two-SiO_TwoMixture, ZnO, Nb_TwoO_Five, S
i_ThreeN _Four, Ta_TwoO_Five, HfO_TwoOr ZrO_TwoFor example
Can be

As typical organic materials, known resins such as various thermoplastic resins, thermosetting resins, and photocurable resins can be used. These resins are appropriately selected in consideration of a method of forming a layer and the like. For example, by using a resin that can be cured by at least one of heat and light, a general-purpose exposure apparatus, a baking furnace, a hot plate, or the like can be used.

As such a substance, for example, there is an ultraviolet curable resin disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 10-279439 filed by the present applicant. Acrylic resin is suitable as the UV-curable resin. By using various commercially available resins and photosensitizers, it is possible to obtain an ultraviolet-curable acrylic resin which is excellent in transparency and can be cured by a short-term treatment.

Specific examples of the basic constitution of the ultraviolet-curable acrylic resin include a prepolymer, an oligomer and a monomer.

As the prepolymer or oligomer,
For example, acrylates such as epoxy acrylates, urethane acrylates, polyester acrylates, polyether acrylates, and spiroacetal acrylates; methacrylates such as epoxy methacrylates, urethane methacrylates, polyester methacrylates, and polyether methacrylates; Is available.

Examples of the monomer include 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, carbitol acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate, isovol Monofunctional monomers such as nyl acrylate, dicyclopentenyl acrylate, and 1,3-butanediol acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate,
Bifunctional monomers such as neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, pentaerythritol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate,
Polyfunctional monomers such as pentaerythritol triacrylate and dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate can be used.

As the organic material, besides, a vinyl resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polyamide resin, a polyethylene terephthalate resin, an epoxy resin, a polyurethane resin,
Examples thereof include polyester resins.

(Scattering Member) As a material for the scattering member, for example, a known material for a microlens can be used. Examples of the material of the scattering member include organic materials among the above-described materials of the directing member.

(Hole transport layer) As a material of the hole transport layer provided as needed, a material used as a hole injection material of a known photoconductive material or a hole injection layer of an organic display device can be used. It can be used by selecting from known ones. The material of the hole transport layer has a function of injecting holes or blocking electrons, and may be an organic substance or an inorganic substance. As a specific example, see, for example,
No. 48276 can be exemplified.

(Electron transporting layer) The material of the electron transporting layer provided as necessary may have a function of transmitting electrons injected from the cathode to the organic light emitting layer, and the material may be a known substance. You can choose from. Specific examples thereof include those disclosed in JP-A-8-248276.

(Electrode Layer) As the cathode provided as required, an electron injecting metal, an alloy electrically conductive compound having a small work function (for example, 4 eV or less), and a mixture thereof can be used. Such electrode materials include:
For example, the one disclosed in JP-A-8-248276 can be used.

As the anode provided as necessary, a metal, an alloy, an electrically conductive compound or a mixture thereof having a large work function (for example, 4 eV or more) can be used. When using an optically transparent material for the anode,
A conductive transparent material such as CuI, ITO, SnO ₂ , or ZnO can be used. If transparency is not required, a metal such as gold can be used.

In the present invention, the directional member has a function of confining light of a predetermined wavelength, such as a material of a medium layer (such as its refractive index), a shape of the medium layer, a pitch of a lattice or a columnar part, a lattice or a columnar part. , The lattice and the aspect ratio of the columnar portion are adjusted.

In the present invention, the method of forming the directing member is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used. Representative examples are shown below.

Lithographic Method A positive or negative resist is exposed and developed with ultraviolet rays, X-rays or the like, and the resist layer is patterned to form a directional member. As a patterning technique using a resist such as polymethyl methacrylate or a novolak resin, for example, JP-A-6-224115
And JP-A-7-20637.

A technique for patterning polyimide by photolithography is disclosed in, for example,
181689 and 1-222141. Further, as a technique for forming a directional member of polymethyl methacrylate or titanium oxide on a glass substrate by using laser ablation, there is, for example, JP-A-10-59743.

Method of Forming Refractive Index Distribution by Light Irradiation The light guide portion is irradiated with light having a wavelength that causes a change in the refractive index, and a portion having a different refractive index is periodically formed in the optical waveguide portion to thereby form a directional member. To form As such a method, in particular, it is preferable to form a layer of a polymer or a polymer precursor, partially polymerize the layer by light irradiation or the like, and periodically form regions having different refractive indexes to form a directional member. . As this kind of technology, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-31
1238, 9-178901, 8-1
Nos. 5506, 5-297202, 5-3
No. 2523, No. 5-39480, No. 9-21
Nos. 1728, 10-26702, 10-
Nos. 8300 and 2-51101.

Method by stamping Hot stamping using a thermoplastic resin (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
No. 201907), stamping using an ultraviolet curable resin (Japanese Patent Application No. 10-279439), stamping using an electron beam curable resin (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-235075).
The directing member is formed by stamping such as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-260, etc.

Etching Method The thin film is selectively removed and patterned by lithography and etching techniques to form a directional member.

The method of forming the directional member has been described above. In short, the directional member may have a periodic structure of at least two regions having mutually different refractive indices.
It can be formed by a method of forming two regions with two kinds of materials having different refractive indexes, a method of forming two regions with different refractive indexes by partially modifying one kind of material, or the like.

Each layer of the display device can be formed by a known method. For example, a suitable film forming method is selected for the light emitting layer depending on its material, and specific examples include a vapor deposition method, a spin coating method, an LB method, and an ink jet method.

[0051]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS (First Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a display device to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. It is sectional drawing along.

The display device 1000 includes a directional member 100, an anode 30, a hole transport layer 60,
The organic light emitting layer 40, the electron transport layer 70, and the cathode 50 are sequentially stacked. Further, the scattering member 200 is formed on the other surface of the substrate 10.

The anode 30 is made of a conductive material transparent to the light, since the light generated in the organic light emitting layer 40 is introduced into the directing member 100. As the material of such a transparent electrode, the above-mentioned materials can be used. Further, it is desirable that the cathode 50 be configured to be able to reflect the light generated from the organic light emitting layer 40 in order to efficiently use the light.

The directional member 100 has a first columnar portion such as a column formed on the substrate 10 in a predetermined arrangement pattern.
And a second medium layer 120 that has a different refractive index from the first medium layer 110 and fills the space between the first medium layers 110. The first medium layer 110 has a square lattice pattern, as shown in FIG. The directing member 100 moves in the first direction (X
Direction) and a second direction (Y direction) orthogonal to the X direction. Therefore, the directional member 10
Numeral 0 has a function of confining light in a predetermined wavelength band in the two-dimensional X and Y directions.

As described above, the display device 10 of the present embodiment
00 is X by the directional member 100 having a square lattice.
Light propagation in two directions, the direction and the Y direction, is controlled. Light is emitted in other directions, mainly in a Z direction (arrow direction in FIG. 1) orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction.

The first medium layer 110 and the second medium layer 120
Any material may be used as long as it can achieve the function of confining light by periodic distribution, and the material is not particularly limited.
For example, in the directing member 100, the first medium layer 1
Either 10 or the second medium layer 120 may be a gas such as air. As described above, when the directional member having a so-called air gap structure is formed of a gas layer, the refractive index difference between the two medium layers constituting the directional member is increased within the range of selection of a general material used for the light emitting device. be able to.
Further, by adjusting the combination of the refractive indices of the first medium layer 110 and the second medium layer 120, the pitch, and the like,
The degree of light confinement in two dimensions can be controlled. These are the same in the other embodiments.

In this embodiment, the combination of the refractive indices and the dimensions (pitch) of the medium layers 110 and 120 are adjusted so that the medium layers 110 and 120 are periodically rotated in the 45 ° direction with respect to the X and Y axes in FIG. A refractive index distribution can be formed to provide a two-dimensional light confinement function.

The scattering member 200 is composed of a microlens array, and has a first layer (microlens array substrate) 210 having a lens portion 210a and the first layer 21.
And a second layer (protective layer) 220 formed on the first layer. In the case of the scattering member 200, since the lens portion 210a is a convex lens, the first portion is required to scatter outgoing light.
The refractive index n1 of the layer 210 is the refractive index n2 of the second layer 220.
Set smaller.

The organic light emitting layer 40 includes a red light emitting layer 40R capable of generating light in a red wavelength band, a green light emitting layer 40G capable of generating light in a green wavelength band, and a blue light emitting layer 40B capable of generating light in a blue wavelength band. Having.

The anode 30 is composed of anodes 30R, 30G and 30B made of a transparent conductive layer, which are arranged corresponding to the light emitting layers 40R, 40G and 40B, respectively. These anodes 30R, 30G and 30B are separated from each other by an insulating layer 90. In this example, the anode 30 is formed separately, and the cathode 50 is used as a common electrode.

In this embodiment, since the light emitting layer 40 has the red light emitting layer 40R, the green light emitting layer 40G and the blue light emitting layer 40B, the red, green and blue pixel regions R, G and B are formed. . By arranging these pixel regions R, G, and B in a matrix, a display device capable of performing color display can be configured.

As described above, the display device 10 of the present embodiment
In 00, light propagation in two dimensions (X-Y directions) is controlled by the directing member 100, and in other directions, mainly Z
Light is emitted in the direction (the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1). Further, this light is scattered by the scattering member 200 and emitted.

Next, the operation and operation of the display device 1000 will be described.

Each of the anodes 30R, 30 constituting the anode 30
By applying a predetermined voltage to G, 30B and the cathode 50, electrons are emitted from the cathode 50 via the electron transport layer 70,
Holes are formed from the anode 30 via the hole transport layer 60 to the respective light emitting layers 40R, 40 constituting the organic light emitting layer 40.
G, injected into 40B. Each light emitting layer 40R, 40G,
In the 40B, an exciton is generated by the recombination of the electron and the hole, and when the exciton is deactivated,
Light having a predetermined wavelength is generated in each of the light emitting layers 40R, 40G, and 40B.

A part of the light generated in each of the light emitting layers 40R, 40G and 40B is reflected by the cathode 50, and a part of the light is directly introduced into the directing member 100 through the anode 30 made of a transparent conductive layer. The light introduced into the directing member 100 is restricted from propagating in two directions in two dimensions (XY directions), so that light scattered in these directions is reduced. As a result, light having high intensity and good directivity in the Z direction is emitted.

Further, the light emitted from the directing member 100 passes through the substrate 10 and enters the scattering member 200. The light incident on the scattering member 200 is scattered by the lens unit 210a and emitted.

As described above, the display device 10 of the present embodiment
In the case of 00, emitted light having a wide viewing angle can be obtained efficiently by the directing member and by the scattering member, and good color display can be achieved.

(Modification of Directional Member) In the first embodiment, the structure illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 can be adopted as the directing member. In these drawings, the same members as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals,
Detailed description is omitted. These modifications can be adopted in other embodiments.

(A) FIG. 3 shows an example in which the directional members are formed in a triangular lattice shape. In the case of this directional member, the propagation of light is restricted in three two-dimensional directions (a, b, and c directions), so that the light is more confined than in the two directions of the X direction and the Y direction. Efficiency can be further improved.

(B) FIG. 4 shows an example in which the directing member is formed in a honeycomb shape. In the case of this directional member as well, the propagation of light is restricted in three two-dimensional directions (a, b and c directions), so that the light is more confined than in the two directions of the X direction and the Y direction. The efficiency of light emission can be further increased. In particular, in the case of the honeycomb-shaped directional member shown in FIG. 4, confinement with an arbitrary polarization is possible.

(C) In addition, the directing member has, for example, a concentric circular periodic refractive index distribution, and has a structure capable of restricting two-dimensional light propagation (confining light). Can be.

(Modification of Scattering Member) In the first embodiment, the micro lens constituting the scattering member is shown in FIG.
The structures exemplified in (A) to (C) can also be adopted. In these drawings, members similar to those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted. These modifications can be adopted in other embodiments.

FIG. 5A shows a microlens array 200 composed of a single microlens substrate having a concave lens portion 210a.

FIG. 5B shows the microlens substrate 210 shown in FIG. 5A and the protective layer 2 formed on this substrate.
20 shows a microlens array 200 composed of the first and second microlens arrays 20. In this example, the refractive index n1 of the microlens substrate 210 is
The refractive index is set to be larger than the refractive index n2 of the protective layer 220.

FIG. 5C shows a first example having a concave portion 210a.
2 shows a diffraction grating 200 including a medium layer 210 and a second medium layer 220 formed on the medium layer 210.

The scattering member composed of the microlens array can scatter light in almost all directions, so that a good viewing angle can be obtained. The microlens is not particularly limited as long as a predetermined viewing angle can be obtained, and a known structure can be used. For example, as a microlens, those disclosed in a patent application (Japanese Patent Application No. 10-279439) filed by the present applicant can be applied.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 6 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of a display device to which the present invention is applied.
Portions having substantially the same functions as those of the display device 1000 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The display device 2000 includes a dielectric multilayer mirror 80, an anode 30, a hole transport layer 60, an organic light emitting layer 40, an electron transport layer 70, and a cathode 50 on one surface of a substrate 10.
Are sequentially laminated. Further, the scattering member 200 is formed on the other surface of the substrate 10.

The cathode 50 is connected to the dielectric multilayer mirror 8.
In order to form a resonator by a combination with 0, it also serves as a reflection mirror. The dielectric multilayer mirror 80 includes a cathode 50
In consideration of the reflectance, the reflectance (transmittance) is set.

The organic light emitting layer 40 includes a red light emitting layer 40R capable of generating light in a red wavelength band, a green light emitting layer 40G capable of generating light in a green wavelength band, and a blue light emitting layer 40B capable of generating light in a blue wavelength band. Having.

The anode 30 is composed of anodes 30R, 30G and 30B made of a transparent conductive layer and arranged corresponding to the respective light emitting layers 40R, 40G and 40B. These anodes 30R, 30G and 30B are separated from each other by an insulating layer 90. In this example, the anode 30 is formed separately, and the cathode 50 is used as a common electrode.

The dielectric multi-layer mirror 80 is provided for each light emitting layer 40.
It is composed of dielectric multilayer mirrors 80R, 80G and 80B arranged corresponding to R, 40G and 40B, respectively. Then, each dielectric multilayer mirror 80R, 80
Each resonator constituted by G and 80B and the cathode 50 is set to have an optical distance corresponding to each of the light emitting layers 40R, 40G and 40B. These dielectric multilayer mirrors 80R, 80G and 80B
Are separated from each other.

In this embodiment, since the light-emitting layer 40 has the red light-emitting layer 40R, the green light-emitting layer 40G, and the blue light-emitting layer 40B, the red, green, and blue pixel regions R, G, and B are formed. . By arranging these pixel regions R, G, and B in a matrix, a display device capable of performing color display can be configured.

As described above, the display device 20 of the present embodiment
In 00, light having extremely high intensity, wavelength selectivity, and directivity is emitted in the Z direction (the direction of the arrow in FIG. 6) by the resonator constituted by the dielectric multilayer mirror 80 and the cathode 50. Are scattered by the scattering member 200 and emitted.

Next, the operation and operation of the display device 2000 will be described.

The anodes 30R, 30 constituting the anode 30
By applying a predetermined voltage to G, 30B and the cathode 50, electrons are emitted from the cathode 50 via the electron transport layer 70,
Holes are formed from the anode 30 via the hole transport layer 60 to the respective light emitting layers 40R, 40 constituting the organic light emitting layer 40.
G, injected into 40B. Each light emitting layer 40R, 40G,
In the 40B, an exciton is generated by the recombination of the electron and the hole, and when the exciton is deactivated,
Light having a predetermined wavelength is generated in each of the light emitting layers 40R, 40G, and 40B.

The light generated in each of the light emitting layers 40R, 40G, and 40B is reflected by the cathode 50 and the dielectric multilayer mirrors 80R and 80R.
Each resonator constituted by OG and 80B regulates two-dimensional (X-Y) propagation, and emits light in the Z direction with excellent intensity, wavelength selectivity and directivity.

Further, the light emitted from the dielectric multilayer mirror 80 passes through the substrate 10 and enters the scattering member 200. The light incident on the scattering member 200 is transmitted to the lens unit 210a.
Are scattered and emitted.

As described above, the display device 20 of the present embodiment
In the case of 00, emitted light having a very wide viewing angle can be obtained by the resonator with high efficiency and the scattering member, and good color display can be achieved.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these, and can take various aspects. For example, the present invention can be applied to an apparatus combining liquid crystal cells, an apparatus combining other self-luminous devices such as LEDs, and the like.

In the present invention, a light-emitting layer having a wide light-emitting wavelength band including red, green, and blue light-emitting materials is used, and light is transmitted in a two-dimensional direction to the wide wavelength band as a directing member. By using a device that can regulate the display, a display device capable of displaying black and white can be configured. For example, the display device 1000 shown in FIG.
In the above, a light emitting layer capable of generating light in the above-mentioned wide wavelength band is used in place of the organic light emitting layer 40, and the directing member 100 is capable of regulating the propagation of light in the two-dimensional direction with respect to the light in the above wide wavelength band. By using the display device, a display device capable of displaying black and white can be configured.

[0092]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to provide a display device that can increase the light intensity in a specific direction, efficiently use light, and have a wide viewing angle and good display.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view schematically showing a display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a modified example of the directional member of the display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a modification of the directional member of the display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 5A to 5C are cross-sectional views schematically showing modified examples of the scattering member of the display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Substrate 30 Anode 40 Organic light emitting layer 50 Cathode 60 Hole transport layer 70 Electron transport layer 80 Dielectric multilayer mirror 100 Directing member 110,120 Medium layer 200 Scattering member

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) H05B 33/22 H05B 33/22 Z 33/24 33/24 F term (Reference) 3K007 AB03 AB17 CB01 CC01 DA01 EB00 EC00 5C094 AA10 AA12 BA27 CA19 CA24 DA13 EA05 EA06 EB02 ED11 ED13 FB01 FB02 FB12 FB16 5G435 AA00 BB05 CC12 EE33 FF02 FF03 FF06 FF08 FF11 GG01 HH02 HH12 HH14 HH16 KK07

Claims (26)

[Claims] 1. A light emitting layer, a directing member that emits light from the light emitting layer with increased intensity in a specific direction, and a scattering member that scatters light from the directing member and emits the light. Display device, including. 2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the light emitting layer includes a red light emitting layer, a green light emitting layer, and a blue light emitting layer that can generate red, green, and blue light, respectively. 3. The directional member according to claim 1, wherein the directional member has a two-dimensional periodic refractive index distribution,
An optical member that can confine light in two dimensions.
Display device. 4. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the directing member is disposed on a first reflective layer disposed on one side of the light-emitting layer, and disposed on the other side of the light-emitting layer. And a second reflective layer having a reflective function and a transmissive function. 5. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the scattering member is a microlens. 6. The display device according to claim 5, wherein the microlens is a microlens array in which a plurality of microlenses are two-dimensionally arranged. 7. The microlens according to claim 5, wherein the microlens is a diffraction grating having a one-dimensional structure.
Display device. 8. A substrate, a directional member formed on one surface of the substrate and having a two-dimensional periodic refractive index distribution and capable of confining light in two dimensions, a light emitting layer, A display device, comprising: a pair of electrode layers for applying an electric field to the light emitting layer; and a scattering member that scatters and emits light from the directing member. 9. The display device according to claim 8, wherein the light emitting layer includes a red light emitting layer, a green light emitting layer, and a blue light emitting layer that can generate red, green, and blue light, respectively. 10. The display device according to claim 8, wherein the light emitting layer comprises an organic light emitting layer containing an organic material. 11. The display device according to claim 8, wherein the directional member has a periodic refractive index distribution in first and second directions orthogonal to each other. 12. The directional member according to claim 11, wherein the directional member includes a first columnar medium layer arranged in a square lattice and a second layer disposed between the first layer. A display device. 13. The display device according to claim 8, wherein the directional member has a periodic refractive index distribution in first, second, and third directions. 14. The optical member according to claim 13, wherein the optical member has a columnar first medium layer arranged in a lattice and a second medium layer disposed between the first medium layers. , Display device. 15. The display device according to claim 14, wherein the first medium layer of the optical member is arranged in a triangular lattice. 16. The display device according to claim 14, wherein the first medium layer of the optical member is arranged in a honeycomb shape. 17. The display device according to claim 8, wherein the scattering member is a microlens. 18. The display device according to claim 17, wherein the microlens is a microlens array in which a plurality of microlenses are two-dimensionally arranged. 19. The microlens according to claim 17, wherein the microlens is a diffraction grating having a one-dimensional structure.
Display device. 20. A substrate, a light emitting layer, a first reflective layer disposed on one side of the light emitting layer, and a reflective function and transmission for incident light disposed on the other side of the light emitting layer. A directional member having a second reflective layer having a function, and forming a resonator structure between the first reflective layer and the second reflective layer; and a pair of members for applying an electric field to the light emitting layer. And a scattering member that scatters and emits light from the second reflective layer. 21. The display device according to claim 20, wherein the light emitting layer includes a red light emitting layer, a green light emitting layer, and a blue light emitting layer that can generate red, green, and blue light, respectively. 22. The display device according to claim 20, wherein the light emitting layer comprises an organic light emitting layer containing an organic material. 23. The display device according to claim 20, wherein the first reflection layer also functions as one of the pair of electrode layers. 24. The display device according to claim 20, wherein the scattering member is a microlens. 25. The display device according to claim 24, wherein the microlens is a microlens array in which a plurality of microlenses are two-dimensionally arranged. 26. The microlens according to claim 24, wherein the microlens is a diffraction grating having a one-dimensional structure.
Display device.