JP2000015233A - Apparatus for treating kitchen refuse and method for operating the apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an environmentally symbiotic apparatus for treating kitchen refuse which prevents environmental pollution by odors and does not cause the increase in an environmental load. SOLUTION: Crushed kitchen refuse is transferred with water through piping. kitchen refuse solids are decomposed in a kitchen refuse treatment part 4, the dirty components of the kitchen refuse eluted into drainage are removed efficiently by drainage treatment with aerobic microorganisms. odors generated in the kitchen refuse treatment part 4 and a drainage treatment part 5 can be eliminated by physical treatment including active carbon adsorption; ozone oxidation, photcatalyst oxidation, oxidation catalyst treatment, pyrolysis, or plasma decomposition, microorganism deodorization using microorganisms, or masking treatment.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage processing apparatus for processing garbage generated in homes and factories, and a method of operating the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method for treating kitchen waste generated by crushing kitchen waste generated in each home by a pulverizer installed in the kitchen, transferring the pipes, and processing the kitchen waste, JP-A-03-89954 and JP-A-Heisei 04-3 are known.
The processing methods disclosed in JP-A-05284 and JP-A-06-55158 are known.

Further, a method without using a pulverizer is disclosed in
There is a method disclosed in -208186. All of these inventions focus on sanitary disposal of kitchen waste.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 03-89954 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open
The kitchen garbage disposal device disclosed in 4-305284 No.
After the garbage is crushed by a crusher and transferred to a post-processing section, the garbage solids are recovered by solid-liquid separation and then processed. Wastewater generated when the crushed garbage is collected by solid-liquid separation is discharged into the environment as it is.

[0005] A processing method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 06-55158 discloses a method of crushing garbage with a garbage crusher installed in the kitchen of each household in an apartment complex, transferring the tubing with water, and collecting the garbage in one place. Is what you do. Garbage disposal involves collecting garbage from wastewater containing garbage by solid-liquid separation, composting it by solid-phase fermentation, and aiming for recycling. Only garbage solids are processed.

[0006] The treatment method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 05-208186 discloses a method in which kitchen waste is squeezed with a piston to dewater and reduce the volume to improve the handleability at the time of disposal, and the compressed wastewater is oxidized with ozone. Then, the odor component and the pollutant component extracted into the water are oxidized.

As described above, the garbage disposal method for crushing garbage and transferring it to a pipe, and then reducing the volume of the garbage can be directly disposed of at the source thereof, so that the sanitary condition of a work place such as a kitchen can be reduced. Since the volume can be improved and the volume is reduced by the post-treatment, the amount of material finally discarded can be reduced and the environmental load can be reduced.

[0008]

However, when garbage is crushed, organic components in the garbage are dissolved, and the BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), which is an index of water pollution, rises. JP-A-03-89954, JP-A-04-30
In the processing apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 5284 and JP-A-06-55158, only the refuse is collected and garbage solids are processed, and the polluted components dissolved in the wastewater are discharged without treatment. There is a problem of increasing the load on the device.

Further, in the treatment of kitchen garbage, there is a problem that odorous substances are generated due to decomposition of organic matter in the kitchen garbage, which easily causes environmental pollution. As odorous substances, organic acids such as butyric acid and propionic acid, aldehydes such as formaldehyde, methyl aldehyde and ethyl aldehyde, amines such as ammonia and trimethylamine, and hydrogen sulfide are generated.

[0010] Furthermore, when microbial treatment is introduced into the processing of kitchen waste, there is a problem that kitchen waste is converted into sludge and a large amount of sludge is generated. A large amount of sludge is transported to a vehicle by vaccum, etc., and then landfilled through processes such as methane fermentation, dehydration, and incineration. Therefore, the larger the amount of sludge, the more post-treatment energy is required. Will be.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an environmentally friendly kitchen waste disposal apparatus which avoids environmental pollution due to odor and does not increase the environmental load.

[0012]

Means for Solving the Problems and Their Functions and Effects In order to solve the above problems, in the garbage disposal apparatus according to the present invention, after the garbage crushed by the crusher is transferred to the piping together with the water, the garbage is processed by the garbage processing section. After decomposing kitchen solids, wastewater treatment with aerobic microorganisms can efficiently remove the contaminant components of kitchen waste eluted in the wastewater, and the odor generated in the kitchen waste treatment and wastewater treatment section is activated carbon adsorption, ozone Oxidation, photocatalytic oxidation,
By carrying out physical treatments such as oxidation catalyst treatment, thermal decomposition, and plasma decomposition, and microbial deodorization and masking treatment using microorganisms, environmental pollution due to odors can be avoided.

[0013] Furthermore, the processing residue and sludge generated when the kitchen waste is decomposed by microorganisms are used to remove not only the microorganisms but also the microorganisms of Vorticella, Carc.
hesium, Epistytis, Oxytrich
Protozoa such as a, Philodina, Aeroso
Ma, Dero, Macrobiotus, and other phases that contain metazoans, allow the protozoa and metazoans to prey on sludge, reduce the amount of excess sludge generated, and are easy to maintain and re-dispose of processing residues and sludge. The present invention provides an environmentally friendly kitchen waste treatment apparatus that reduces the energy load and environmental load required for garbage disposal. This is the sixth to eighth inventions of the present application.

Garbage can be separated by sedimentation, centrifugation, membrane, screen
Concentration and recovery by solid-liquid separation such as filtration by means of a filter or a strainer, and post-treatment is also easy by reducing the weight and volume by a drying method using heat, air blowing, microbial treatment, etc., and reducing the volume. The present invention provides an environmentally friendly kitchen waste disposal apparatus that reduces the energy load and environmental load required for re-disposal.
This is the fourth invention of the present application.

A house where organic waste such as kitchen waste is generated,
In a cafeteria, food factory, etc., the garbage is crushed by a garbage crusher installed near the place where the garbage is generated (kitchen, kitchen, foodstuff, organic material processing line, etc.), and the garbage house is transferred by piping with water. In addition, it is possible to prevent stagnation in food factories and prevent deterioration of the living environment and working environment due to the spoilage of kitchen garbage.

In addition, since kitchen waste that is wet waste and other dry waste can be efficiently separated at the place where the kitchen waste is generated without mixing, the deterioration of handleability due to the adhesion of kitchen waste to other waste can be achieved. Thus, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the efficiency of sorting and recycling associated with it, and to contribute to a recycling society in the future.

Further, in the apparatus according to the present invention, since only kitchen waste can be selectively recovered, it is possible to recycle useful components in the kitchen waste. In addition, not only kitchen waste but also wastewater (kitchen wastewater, cooking wastewater, foodstuffs, organic wastewater treatment line wastewater, etc.) generated at the place where the waste is generated flows into the crusher together with the wastewater containing these highly polluting components. It is also effective to treat the garbage with the garbage disposal apparatus of the present invention.

The garbage sent to the post-treatment process also generates odors due to putrefaction or biodegradation, drying processes, etc., and is liable to cause environmental pollution. In view of the above, an environmentally friendly kitchen waste treatment apparatus which does not affect the environment by providing a gas treatment section for deodorization in the post-treatment step is provided. For deodorization, physical treatments such as activated carbon adsorption, ozone oxidation, photocatalytic oxidation, oxidation catalyst treatment, thermal decomposition and plasma decomposition, microbial deodorization using microorganisms, and masking treatment are used.

[0019] In addition, a porous resin piece serving as a carrier for protozoa and metazoan animals, a fluid carrier such as polymer gel beads, a contact filter medium, and the like are added to the garbage processing section to prepare a growth environment for protozoa and metazoans. By installing a microfiltration membrane, an ultrafiltration membrane, a filter cloth, and a fine mesh screen at the outlet of the treated water from the garbage processing section, and sealing the protozoa and metazoans in the processing section, A biota including protozoa and metazoans is formed in the garbage processing section, and the processing residues and excess sludge generated when the garbage is decomposed by microorganisms are eaten by the protozoa and metazoans to reduce the amount of excess sludge generated. In addition, an environmentally friendly kitchen waste disposal apparatus which is easy to maintain and reduces the energy load and the environmental load required for the disposal of processing residues and sludge is reduced. Wastewater is subjected to aerobic biological treatment to remove pollutants in the water, so that even if treated water is discharged into sewers, septic tanks, or the environment, the environmental load at the discharge destination is not increased.

[0020]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In order to make the contents of the present invention easier to understand, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the drawings.

[0021]

EXAMPLES Table 1 shows the BOD and SS concentrations (solid matter concentrations) of the crushed kitchen wastewater. It is clear from the comparison with kitchen wastewater that when kitchen waste is crushed and drained into sewers or the like, the drainage load becomes extremely large.

[0022]

[Table 1]

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a kitchen waste treatment apparatus according to the present invention. The crusher 1 has a transfer water supply port capable of supplying transfer water, crushes kitchen cooking garbage, and uses water to flow to the post-processing section through a normal natural flow pipe 2. The crushed garbage may be transferred by a pressure feed pipe via a pressure feed pump. Transfer water supply
It is also effective to periodically clean the piping, which is the transfer unit, to clean the piping. In this case, not only tap water and well water but also middle water and wastewater can be used. The transferred kitchen wastewater is solubilized and decomposed by microorganisms in the kitchen decomposition tank 4. Thereafter, the waste water is separated into crushed waste and wastewater, and the wastewater is discharged through the contact aeration tank 5 and the sedimentation separation tank 6. After the polluted components in the wastewater are purified in the sedimentation separation tank 5, they are discharged through the sedimentation separation tank 6. The exhaust gas and generated gas from each tank are collectively discharged out of the system via the deodorizing device 7.

Table 2 shows the relationship between the wastewater treatment section, the HRT, and the quality of the treated water. After the standard garbage having the composition shown in the table was solubilized by microorganisms for 2 days of HRT, the supernatant was purified by a fluidized bed of various HRT carriers. The processing performance was evaluated using BOD as an index, and it was found that the target performance was obtained when the HRT was 24 hours or more.

[0025]

[Table 2]

FIG. 2 is a view of a kitchen waste disposal apparatus according to the fourth invention of the present application. The crusher 1 has a transfer water supply port capable of supplying transfer water, crushes kitchen cooking garbage, and uses water to flow to the post-processing section through a normal natural flow pipe 2. The transferred garbage wastewater is once stored in the adjustment tank 8 and then sent to a solid-liquid separation / garbage dryer 9 to dry the garbage and stored in the garbage drying and storage unit 10. In the storage unit, bagging is also effective. In this case, the water content of the kitchen garbage can be reduced to 10% or less to prevent rot during storage. The wastewater is discharged through the drainage contact aeration tank 5 and the sedimentation separation tank 6. After the polluted components in the wastewater are purified in the sedimentation separation tank 5, they are discharged through the sedimentation separation tank 6. The exhaust gas and generated gas from each tank are collectively discharged out of the system via the deodorizing device 7.

As described above, in the garbage disposal apparatus according to the present invention, the garbage is selectively and sanitarily removed from the garbage generating location, and the volume is stored and reduced in the post-processing section.
An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus capable of processing garbage by sludge disposal once every six months to one year. Further, the device of the present invention is an environment-symbiotic device that does not cause an increase in environmental load because the discharged water is purified and discharged.

[Brief description of the drawings]

Fig. 1 Kitchen wastewater treatment equipment diagram (garbage biological treatment)

Fig. 2 Garbage wastewater treatment equipment diagram (garbage solid-liquid separation, drying treatment)

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Crusher, 2 ... Transfer part, 3 ... Post-processing part, 4 ... Garbage processing part, 5 ... Wastewater treatment part, 6 ... Wastewater sedimentation separation part, 7 ... Gas treatment part, 8 ... Adjustment tank, 9 ... Solid liquid Separation / garbage dryer, 10 ...
Kitchen waste storage

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A crushing unit for crushing garbage, a water supply unit for supplying water, a transfer unit for transferring garbage wastewater composed of crushed garbage and water, and a garbage processing unit for processing garbage in the transferred garbage wastewater. A garbage processing apparatus comprising: a wastewater treatment section for purifying wastewater; and a gas treatment section for deodorizing generated odor gas. 2. The wastewater treatment section is an aerobic biological treatment,
The method according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic residence time (HRT) is 24 hours or more. 3. The method for operating a garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the garbage disposal section is aerobic or anaerobic or a combination of aerobic and anaerobic microorganism treatment. 4. The garbage processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the garbage processing section includes a solid-liquid separation section and a garbage drying processing section. 5. The kitchen garbage according to claim 1, wherein the gas processing unit uses physical treatments such as adsorption, oxidation, and decomposition, microbial deodorization, soil deodorization, and masking alone or in combination. The operation method of the processing device. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein a biota including a protozoan and a metazoan is formed in the garbage disposal unit and / or the wastewater treatment unit. 7. A biota including protozoa and metazoa is formed by adding an immobilized carrier for protozoa and metazoa to the garbage processing unit and / or the wastewater treatment unit. Item 7. An operation method of the garbage disposal device according to Item 6. 8. A protozoan such as a filtration membrane or a screen in the kitchen waste treatment section, the wastewater treatment section, or both.
The method according to claim 6, wherein a biota including protozoa and metazoa is formed by adding a metazoa containment function unit.