CN212504525U - Synchronous dirt discharging and preprocessing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a synchronous dirt discharging and pretreatment device, which belongs to the technical field of train dirt and sewage treatment. The synchronous sewage discharging and pre-treating device comprises a sewage tank for storing sewage on a train, a first separating unit for separating coarse and large garbage in the sewage tank, a first treating unit for treating mixed sewage after the coarse and large garbage is separated out and enabling suspended pollutants in the mixed sewage to generate solid substances, a second separating unit for separating the solid substances generated in the first treating unit from the mixed sewage, and a post-treating unit for treating the solid substances separated from the second separating unit and residual liquid sewage. The utility model provides a synchronous dirt discharging and pretreatment device through separating and handling thick rubbish, solid-state filth and liquid sewage, has prolonged the life of device, has reduced the processing degree of difficulty of follow-up filth, has realized solid pollutant's resource utilization simultaneously.

Description

Synchronous dirt discharging and preprocessing device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a train filth and sewage treatment technical field especially relate to a unload dirty and preprocessing device in step.

Background

The passenger train closed toilet changes the dispersed discharge mode of the excrement sewage of the direct discharge toilet, but the problem of treatment and disposal of a large amount of high-concentration excrement sewage is caused. The motor train has high concentration of organic matters, high content of nitrogen elements and complex phosphorus form of dirt such as excrement and sewage, so that a small amount of excrement and sewage can still cause serious environmental pollution. According to statistical analysis, the concentration of fecal sewage pollutants is generally higher than that of other sewage in a station area, particularly, the nitrogen element is ten to twenty times higher than that of domestic sewage, and the phosphorus element is nearly one hundred times higher. In the fecal sewage, the feces carry about three to five times of urine, namely, the pollutants in the fecal sewage mainly come from the feces and are mainly suspended solids.

In the prior art, fecal sewage is treated in a septic tank in a physical and biochemical mode, although suspended matters of the fecal sewage can be reduced, the fecal sewage stays in the septic tank for a long time, fecal solids containing a large amount of pollutants are subjected to biochemical reaction, and the fecal solids are decomposed under the action of microorganisms, so that nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the original fecal solids are released into a dissolved state. Therefore, although the septic tank can reduce the suspended matters of the fecal sewage, the concentration of dissolved pollutants in the sewage is greatly increased, so that the difficulty of the later-stage sewage treatment is increased; meanwhile, a large amount of nutrient elements in the solid substances are lost, so that the fertilizer efficiency of the solid substances in resource utilization is reduced, and resource waste is caused; in addition, the fecal sewage also contains impurities such as toilet paper, and the like, which brings certain burden to the device during the conveying and treatment of the sewage and influences the service life of the device.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a unload dirty and preprocessing device in step carries out solid-liquid separation to the solid in the filth and handles, extension fixture's life to reduce the processing degree of difficulty of filth, realize the utilization of resources of solid matter in the filth.

To achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:

the utility model provides a unload dirty and preprocessing device in step for handle the filth on the train, the filth includes thick rubbish, suspension pollutant and liquid sewage, includes:

the dirt box is used for storing dirt on the train;

the first separation unit is used for separating coarse garbage in the sewage tank;

the first treatment unit is used for treating the mixed dirt after coarse garbage is separated out and enabling suspended pollutants in the mixed dirt to generate solid substances;

a second separation unit for separating the solid matter generated in the first treatment unit from the mixed soil;

and the post-treatment unit is used for treating the solid substances separated from the second separation unit and the residual liquid sewage in the mixed sewage.

Optionally, the sewage treatment system further comprises a first power unit arranged behind the first separation unit, wherein the first power unit can provide power to convey the sewage from the sewage tank to the first separation unit.

Optionally, the first power unit comprises a vacuum aggregate providing a negative pressure environment for the first separation unit to transport the dirt.

Optionally, the first treatment unit comprises a flocculation conditioner into which a conditioning agent is added to cause suspended contaminants in the mixed soil to form solid matter.

Optionally, a stirring piece is arranged in the flocculation conditioner and is used for stirring and mixing the dirt and the conditioner.

Optionally, the conditioning agent comprises at least:

the first conditioner is used for generating solid suspended particles with suspended pollutants in the mixed sewage;

and the second conditioning agent is used for reacting with the solid suspended particles to generate solid substances.

Optionally, the first treatment unit further comprises a storage tank for storing the mixed sewage, and the storage tank is arranged between the flocculation conditioner and the first separation unit.

Optionally, the post-processing unit comprises:

a solids processing assembly for collecting and processing solid matter;

and the liquid treatment assembly is used for collecting and treating the liquid sewage.

Optionally, the second separation unit comprises a solid-liquid separator capable of separating solid matter from the mixed dirt.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model provides a synchronous sewage discharging and pretreatment device for trains, which separates solid substances generated by reaction from mixed sewage through a second separation unit, so that the solid substances do not pass through a septic tank, and partial solid substances in the septic tank are prevented from reacting and converting into a dissolved state, thereby reducing the pollution concentration of liquid substances and the sewage treatment difficulty; the sewage is subjected to two-stage solid-liquid separation treatment of the first separation unit and the second separation unit, so that the loss of coarse garbage and solid substances to the device in subsequent sewage conveying is reduced, and the service life of the device is prolonged; solid substances and residual substances are respectively treated, the difficulty of subsequent sewage treatment is reduced, meanwhile, most of nutrient elements such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in sewage exist in a solid substance form, the nutrient elements can be prevented from losing through separation and recovery, and solid resource utilization is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a synchronous sewage discharging and pretreating device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a flow chart of a processing method using a synchronous sewage discharging and pre-processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure:

1-a dirt box; 2-a first separation unit; 4-a second separation unit; 6-a collection box; 7-a first power unit;

31-a storage tank; 32-a first conditioning agent; 33-a second conditioning agent; 34-a third conditioning agent; 35-flocculation conditioning machine; 36-a stirring member;

51-a solids processing assembly; 52-a liquid handling assembly; 53-gas treatment Assembly.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problem solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention and the technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the following will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by the skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, detachably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present disclosure, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise direct contact between the first and second features, or may comprise contact between the first and second features not directly. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

The closed toilet for the passenger train adopts a centralized collection and treatment mode, the sewage comprises coarse garbage and mixed sewage, the mixed sewage comprises suspended pollutants and liquid sewage, and the coarse garbage can bring heavy burden to equipment during sewage treatment to influence the service life; the concentration of organic matters in the suspended pollutants is high, the content of nitrogen and phosphorus elements is high, and the fecal solids are decomposed under the action of microorganisms, so that the nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the original solids are released into dissolved state to the sewage, and thus a small amount of fecal sewage can still generate serious environmental pollution; meanwhile, a large amount of nutrient elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus are lost, so that the fertilizer efficiency of resource utilization of solid substances is reduced, and resource waste is caused.

In order to solve the above problems, the present embodiment provides a synchronous sewage discharging and pre-treating device, which is used for treating sewage on a train, and as shown in fig. 1, the device comprises a sewage tank 1, a first separating unit 2, a first treating unit, a second separating unit 4 and a post-treating unit, wherein the sewage tank 1 is used for storing the sewage on the train; the first separation unit 2 is used for separating coarse garbage in the sewage tank 1; the first treatment unit is used for treating mixed dirt after coarse garbage is separated out, suspended pollutants in the mixed dirt are enabled to generate solid substances, the solid substances generated by reaction are separated from the mixed dirt through the second separation unit 4, the solid substances are enabled not to pass through the septic tank, partial solid substances in the septic tank are prevented from being reacted and converted into a dissolved state, and the pollution concentration of liquid sewage and the dirt treatment difficulty are reduced; the second separation unit 4 is used for separating solid substances generated in the first treatment unit from mixed dirt, and the dirt is subjected to two-stage solid-liquid separation treatment by the first separation unit 2 and the second separation unit 4, so that the loss of coarse garbage and solid substances to equipment in subsequent dirt conveying is reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged; the post-treatment unit is used for treating solid substances separated from the second separation unit 4 and residual liquid sewage in the mixed sewage, so that the subsequent sewage treatment difficulty is reduced, and meanwhile, most of nutrient elements such as carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage exist in a solid substance form, so that the loss of the nutrient elements can be avoided through separation and recovery, and the utilization of solid resources is realized.

Optionally, the post-treatment unit comprises a solids treatment assembly 51 and a liquid treatment assembly 52. Wherein the solid processing assembly 51 is used for collecting and processing solid substances; specifically, the solid substances obtained by solid-liquid separation are dehydrated to further remove moisture in the solid substances, so that the solid substances are used as raw materials for processing solid organic fertilizers. Because the solid-liquid separation of the mixed sewage is realized before the biochemical reaction, the carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient elements in the suspended solid exist in a solid form all the time, and the loss is avoided to the greatest extent, so that the solid formed after the solid-liquid separation and the dehydration and drying of the excrement has the most nutrient elements, has the greatest fertilizer efficiency, is sold to organic fertilizer processing plants, and produces organic fertilizer through aerobic composting, thereby generating economic benefit.

The liquid treatment component 52 is used for collecting and treating liquid sewage, and specifically, after the solid substances are separated by the second separation unit 4, the concentration of the pollutants in the remaining liquid substances is greatly reduced to low-concentration sewage, i.e., a series of biochemical reactions such as oxidation, nitrification and denitrification of microorganisms can be utilized to remove the remaining high-concentration nitrogen and phosphorus element pollutants, and the treated sewage can be mixed and discharged.

Optionally, the train dirt processing device further comprises a first power unit 7 arranged behind the first separation unit 2, and the first power unit 7 can provide power to convey the dirt from the dirt box 1 to the first separation unit 2. In this embodiment, the first power unit 7 includes a vacuum unit, which provides a negative pressure environment for the first separation unit 2 to transport the dirt; optionally, the vacuum unit is a cam pump, which has the advantages of wear resistance, corrosion resistance, strong trafficability and the like, and is suitable for conveying mixed dirt. Optionally, the first separation unit is a garbage separator, a filter screen structure and the like can be arranged on the garbage separator, and when dirt flows through the filter screen, coarse garbage is separated from mixed dirt; optionally, the size of the mesh openings of the filter screen can be set according to actual requirements so as to separate coarse garbage with required size.

Alternatively, a connecting pipe is provided between the waste bin 1 and the first separating unit 2, coarse waste can be crushed into small particles easily crushed by the power action of the first power unit 7 and the squeezing action of the connecting pipe in the process of passing through the connecting pipe, coarse waste which is not crushed is separated and discharged into the collecting bin 6 while passing through the first separating unit 2, and the crushed small particles are discharged into the first treating unit along with the remaining mixed waste for treatment.

With continued reference to fig. 1, the first treatment unit includes a flocculation conditioner 35, and a conditioning agent is added to the flocculation conditioner 35 to cause suspended contaminants in the mixed contaminants to form solid matter for subsequent separation.

Optionally, a stirring member 36 is disposed in the flocculation conditioner 35, and the stirring member 36 is used for stirring and mixing the dirt and the conditioner to make them fully mixed and react. Optionally, the conditioning agent comprises at least a first conditioning agent 32 and a second conditioning agent 33, wherein the first conditioning agent 32 is configured to generate solid suspended particles with suspended contaminants in the mixed soil; the second conditioning agent 33 is used to react with the solid suspended particles to produce a solid material. Specifically, a certain amount of first conditioner 32 is added according to the content of dissolved phosphorus in actual suspended pollutants, a stirring piece 36 enables mixed pollutants to fully react with the conditioner, then a certain amount of second conditioner 33 is added, the generated and original solid suspended particles are flocculated into solid substances easy to separate, the stirring piece 36 continues to stir to fully mix the solid substances, the suspended solid particles are fully contacted and stirred for not too long, the second conditioner 33 is guaranteed to be fully mixed, the generated solid substances are prevented from being dissolved again, and then the mixture is kept stand for a certain time.

In order to ensure the stable retention time of the mixed sewage in the flocculation conditioner 35, optionally, the first treatment unit further comprises a storage tank 31 for storing the mixed sewage, and the storage tank 31 is disposed between the flocculation conditioner 35 and the first separation unit 2, and is used for buffering the mixed sewage, so that the mixed sewage is fully reacted in the flocculation conditioner 35, and then the mixed sewage in the storage tank 31 is discharged into the flocculation conditioner 35. Specifically, the retention time of the mixed sewage in the storage tank 31 is about eight hours, which plays a role of buffering, and then the mixed sewage is conveyed to the flocculation conditioner 35. Optionally, the device further comprises a second power unit which is arranged behind the flocculation conditioner 35 and provides power for the mixed sewage in the storage tank 31 to be conveyed into the flocculation conditioner.

Optionally, the first separation unit 2, the first power unit 7, the flocculation conditioner 35 and the storage tank 31, and the second separation unit 4 and the second power unit are integrated into a treatment device, the treatment effect is stable, and meanwhile, the retention time of the mixed sewage in the storage tank 31 can be controlled by adjusting the running speeds of the first power unit and the second power unit, so that the treatment efficiency of the whole device can be adjusted when different mixed sewage is treated. Alternatively, the suction process of the first power unit 7 to the filth in the filth tank 1 may be intermittently performed, so that the storage tank 31 performs buffer storage of the mixed filth, and the subsequent processes can be continuously and smoothly performed. Alternatively, the second separation unit 4 comprises a solid-liquid separator capable of separating solid matter from the mixed dirt.

The mixed sewage contains a large amount of microorganisms which can convert organic matters into combustible and explosive methane gas and other gases with odor. To reduce the generation of odor, a third conditioner 34 is optionally added to the storage tank 31 for disinfecting and sterilizing the mixed dirt and generating gaseous substances.

Optionally, the post-processing unit further comprises a gas processing assembly 53, wherein the gas processing assembly 53 is used for collecting and processing gaseous substances, specifically, generated gaseous substances are collected in a sealed mode and are transmitted to the odor collection processing, high-altitude emission is carried out after the concentration of the polluted gas in the odor is reduced, the condition that no peculiar smell exists in the space of the whole train sewage treatment device is ensured, the damage of the odor to the device is reduced, and meanwhile, the maintenance and the overhaul are convenient.

The embodiment also provides a synchronous sewage discharge and pretreatment method, as shown in fig. 2, which mainly comprises the following steps:

step one, deposit the filth on the train in the filth case 1, separate out the thick rubbish in the filth, avoid thick rubbish to cause the jam etc. to the device, influence the life of device.

Specifically, the dirt box 1 contains dirt on a train, and the power is supplied by a cam pump to pump the dirt out of the dirt box; a connecting pipe is arranged between the dirt box and the garbage separator, and when dirt passes through the connecting pipe, coarse garbage which is easy to crush in the coarse garbage is crushed into small particles; the dirt is separated into a collection box 6 by a garbage separator according to the coarse garbage which is not crushed; after separating coarse waste from the waste, the mixed waste left in the waste separator enters a subsequent mechanism.

And step two, suspended pollutants in the mixed dirt separated from the coarse garbage are enabled to generate solid substances, so that the nutrient elements are ensured to exist in the form of the solid substances, the loss of the nutrient elements can be avoided through separation and recovery, and the resource utilization rate is improved.

Specifically, the mixed dirt flows out of the garbage separator and enters the storage tank 31, so that the mixed dirt is cached between the dirt tank and the flocculation conditioner 35, and the stable performance of subsequent treatment is ensured; optionally, a third conditioner 34 is added into the storage tank to sterilize and disinfect the sewage, so that odor is reduced, meanwhile, gaseous substances generated in the reaction process are collected through the liquid treatment assembly 53 and are transmitted to the odor collection treatment, high-altitude emission is carried out after the concentration of polluted gas in the odor is reduced, no peculiar smell exists in the space of the whole train sewage treatment device, the damage of the odor to the device is reduced, and meanwhile, the maintenance and the overhaul are facilitated. Alternatively, the third conditioning agent 34 may use sodium hypochlorite, a disinfectant, a lime emulsion, or the like.

Then, the mixed dirt enters a flocculation conditioner 35, and a conditioner is added into the flocculation conditioner 35 to enable suspended pollutants in the mixed dirt to generate solid substances; optionally, a certain amount of the first conditioning agent 32 is added according to the content of dissolved phosphorus in the actual suspended pollutants, and then a certain amount of the second conditioning agent 33 is added, so that the solid suspended particles generated by the reaction are flocculated into solid substances, the solid substances are convenient to separate subsequently, the loss of nutrient components is reduced, the pollution concentration of liquid sewage is reduced, and the difficulty of sewage treatment is reduced. Alternatively, stirring may be performed during the reaction of the mixed dirt to allow it to react sufficiently. Alternatively, the first conditioning agent 32 may be a flocculant such as polyferric sulfate or polyaluminium chloride; optionally, a coagulant aid such as polyacrylamide is used as the second conditioning agent 33.

And step three, the solid substances are separated from the mixed dirt, so that the solid substances are prevented from being converted into a dissolved state, the dirt treatment difficulty is reduced, the operation pressure on the device can be reduced, and the service life of the device is prolonged.

Specifically, the solid-liquid separation component separates out the solid substances from the mixed dirt, and optionally, the solid substances enter the solid treatment component 51; the liquid sewage remaining in the mixed sewage is introduced into the liquid treatment module 52 through the solid-liquid separator.

And step four, respectively treating the solid substances and the residual liquid sewage in the mixed sewage, thereby realizing the recovery or discharge of the substances.

Specifically, the solid processing component 51 dehydrates the solid substances to further remove moisture in the solid substances, so that the solid substances are used as raw materials for processing solid organic fertilizers; the liquid treatment component 52 can remove the residual nitrogen and phosphorus element pollutants with higher concentration by using a series of biochemical reactions such as oxidation, nitrification, denitrification and the like of microorganisms on the liquid sewage, and the treated sewage can be mixed and discharged.

It is obvious that the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a unload dirty and preprocessing device in step for handle the filth on the train, the filth includes thick rubbish, suspension pollutant and liquid sewage, a serial communication port, includes:

the sewage tank (1) is used for storing the sewage on the train;

a first separation unit (2) for separating the coarse waste in the waste bin (1);

the first treatment unit is used for treating the mixed dirt after the coarse garbage is separated out, and enabling suspended pollutants in the mixed dirt to generate solid substances;

a second separation unit (4) for separating the solid matter generated in the first treatment unit from the mixed soil;

a post-treatment unit for treating the solid matter separated from the second separation unit (4) and the liquid sewage remaining in the mixed sewage.

2. A simultaneous dirt discharge and pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized by a first power unit (7) arranged after the first separation unit (2), the first power unit (7) being capable of powering the transport of dirt from the dirt tank (1) to the first separation unit (2).

3. A simultaneous sewage discharge and pretreatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that said first power unit (7) comprises a vacuum aggregate providing a negative pressure environment for said first separation unit (2) to transport said sewage.

4. The simultaneous blowdown and pretreatment device according to any of claims 1-3, wherein said first treatment unit comprises a flocculation conditioner (35), and a conditioning agent is added to said flocculation conditioner (35) to cause said suspended pollutants in said mixed sewage to form said solid matter.

5. The synchronous sewage discharge and pretreatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that an agitating member (36) is arranged in the flocculation conditioner (35), and the agitating member (36) is used for agitating the mixed sewage and the conditioner.

6. The simultaneous blowdown and pretreatment device of claim 4, wherein the conditioning agent comprises at least:

a first conditioning agent (32) for generating solid suspended particles with the suspended contaminants in the mixed soil;

a second conditioning agent (33) for reacting with the solid suspended particles to produce the solid material.

7. The simultaneous blowdown and pretreatment device according to claim 4, wherein said first treatment unit further comprises a storage tank (31) for storing said mixed soil, said storage tank (31) being disposed between said flocculation conditioner (35) and said first separation unit (2).

8. The simultaneous blowdown and pretreatment device of claim 1, wherein the post-treatment unit comprises:

a solids processing assembly (51) for collecting and processing the solid matter;

a liquid treatment assembly (52) for collecting and treating the liquid effluent.

9. The simultaneous blowdown and pretreatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second separation unit (4) comprises a solid-liquid separator capable of separating out the solid matter in the mixed blowdown.

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