HU209856B - Insulating dry-mortar - Google Patents

Abstract

Prepn. of monoclinic BaO.Al2O3-2SiO2 involves (1) forming an intimate mixt. of powders of (a) 1 mole of BaCO3, (b) 8xy moles of AlF3, (c) 1-x moles of Al2O3, and (d) 8xy+2(1-x) moles of SiO2 for each mole of BaO.Al2O3.2SiO2 to be produced. In (d) x = 0.02-1.0 and y = 0.5-1. (2) forming topaz by heating mixt. produced in (1) to 700-900 deg.C in an atmos. of gases generated by the topaz formation; and then (3) heating mixt. produced in (2) in an atmos. of gases generated by the topax and BaO.Al2O3.2SiO2 formations at (a) 900-1590 deg.C, if x = 0.17-1.00, (b) 950-1590 deg.C, if x = 0.10-0.17 (c) 1000-1590 deg.C, if x = = 0.05-0.10 or (d) 1300-1590 deg.C, if x = 0.02-0.05 until monoclinic BaO.Al2O3.2SiO2 is produced.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a dry insulating mortar having good thermal and acoustic insulation properties, but also suitable for preventing the spread of fires, particularly electric fires.

A large part of mixtures of materials with known insulating properties is expanded perlite. For example, one of the major components of perlite expanded with cement is the one described in U.S. Patent No. 194,971. is also suitable for thermal and acoustic insulation of perlite concrete as described in the Hungarian patent. The purpose of the solution is to improve the compressive strength of the protected concrete by virtue of the polyvinyl acetate and fibrous component, but at ordinary thicknesses of wood, for example, it cannot prevent fire spreading over a cable harness.

No. 181,082. U.S. Patent No. 4,123,125 discloses a heat insulating dry mortar based on cement and / or lime, which further comprises expanded styrene beads, a surfactant and an air pore forming surface tension agent. It is mentioned in the specification that the dry mortar may contain up to 30%, depending on the intended use, of a fine-grain additive such as pearlite. Dry mortar with good thermal insulation properties, similar to the perlite concrete mentioned above, is not suitable for fire insulation.

A fire protection coating material is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 176,199. and U.S. Patent No. 190,884. Hungarian Patent Specification. Coating material containing finely divided mineral fiber, lamellar structure, refractory clay powder, water-soluble plastic dispersion and optionally soda water, and water prevents the spread of fire, but its application is difficult due to the relatively rapid settling of the solid components.

No. 177,655. and U.S. Patent No. 190,885. The fire-retaining masonry or coating material described in Hungarian Patent Specification No. 5,128, which contains flocculated mineral fiber, refractory kaolin, expanded perlite, sodium silicofluoride, lime hydrate, and a mixture of soda water and water. The disadvantage of the coating material is that it is relatively difficult to spray. Due to the composition of the material, the bonding is mostly bark-like on the outer air-contacting surface, which prevents the complete cross-linking of the internal cross-section. Therefore, the coating material can only be applied in several steps, layer by layer, to the surface to be protected. Without drying cycles, the inside of the layer does not dry out and remains dusty. This reduces the productivity of the installation.

Common disadvantages of mixtures with perlite insulating properties are the use of open-celled perlite. The water absorption capacity of perlite is about three times its volume. This high water uptake is disadvantageous, for example, in products containing high amounts of perlite bonded with cement, lime, gypsum and water glass, since the use of the mixture requires significantly more water than would be required for incorporation and solidification. Removing the excess water after curing requires a long time or extra energy.

The open cell perlite has a low self-strength, which can result in 100-150% additional perlite consumption due to the shredding during mixing. By increasing the amount of binder, the strength of the material cannot be increased beyond all limits, because the material is cracked and air can reach the combustible material through the cracks.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an insulating dry mortar which, while providing good thermal and acoustic insulation, provides increased fire insulation and significantly reduces the disadvantages of conventional open cell perlite blends, i.e. it is firmer and requires less water for both application and bonding.

It is another object of the invention to provide a simple, safe application of the mixture with the same result.

In my experiments with the present invention, it has been found that a defined mixture of closed cellular perlite, cement and / or gypsum and / or lime, powdered water glass and natural or modified cellulose containing 10-300 µm particles is not limited to heat and heat. soundproofing, but it also prevents the spread of fire. In addition, the insulating dry mortar of the present invention has all the advantages listed in the specification.

The increased fire insulation effect is due to the fact that the mixture according to the invention swells into the place of the burning material as a result of the heat caused by the fire, thereby blocking the air needed for combustion.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an insulating dry mortar comprising an insulating material, a binder, optionally a tackifier and / or anti-cracking agent, dried water glass powder, antifreeze and an accelerator, characterized in that the insulating material is 20-75% by volume of closed cell perlite; and a 1: 0.5 to 1: 0 mixture of lime and lime hydrate in a ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 0 or a mixture of lime hydrate containing gypsum and optionally cement, 0-5% by weight of modified cellulose, 0-15% by weight of natural anti-cracking agent. cellulose and 0-50% by volume of dried water glass powder.

The relative amounts of binder and closed cell perlite in the insulating dry mortar of the present invention are dependent upon the intended use and may therefore be in a wide range.

The closed cell perlite, which is commercially available with a particle size of 10-300 µm, has a bulk density of 50500 kg / m ³ . It has a significantly lower water uptake than open cell perlite.

The choice of cement or gypsum binder depends mainly on the moisture content of the application environment.

In rooms with low humidity, dry gypsum insulating mortar is preferably used.

Containing natural or modified cellulose

The substance can be used as sawdust or carboxymethyl cellulose.

The composition of the invention may be prepared by uniformly distributing each component. The mixing order is determined by the volume differences of each component, so it is preferred to mix the other ingredients into the closed cell perlite.

Prior to use, the dry mortar of the present invention is mixed with an amount of water depending on the use and purpose.

The dry mortar of the present invention can be used, for example, for sound and heat insulation of wall surfaces or suspended ceilings, for fire protection of theater scenery, for the interruption of cable fires or for fire protection of steel structures.

The insulating effect can also be enhanced by applying layers of different compositions.

When applied as a plastering material, the application can be done by hand or machine, or when casting, simply by molding. Binding with accelerating or retardant additives can change the workability.

A dry mortar containing closed cell perlite is particularly suitable for spray application on the material or surface to be insulated. In this case, it is a particular advantage that it can be sprayed well without the addition of a concrete curing agent.

Advantageous properties of the insulating dry mortar of the present invention over known mixtures of insulating properties are as follows:

- less water is required for application and bonding,

- it dries more easily,

- has a lower bulk density,

- shrinks less.

The dry mortar of the present invention has very good adhesion properties and can withstand sudden changes in temperature without damage.

The dry mortar of the present invention not only has excellent insulating properties but also forms a loose, easily disintegrating layer on the surface to be insulated.

The preferred composition of the insulating dry mortar of the present invention is illustrated by the following examples:

Example 1 15 parts by volume 15 parts by volume 4 parts by volume 10 parts by volume of closed cell perlite, cement or gypsum, lime hydrate, dried water glass powder and carboxymethyl cellulose.

The components are homogenized by mixing with closed cell perlite.

Example 2 30 volumes 30 volumes 35 volumes 5 volumes closed cell perlite, cement or gypsum, dried water glass powder and sawdust.

The components are homogenized by mixing with closed cell perlite.

Example 3 30 volumes of closed cell perlite, 5 volumes of 5 volumes of 35 volumes

5 volumes

The components are mogenized.

Example 4

30 parts by volume 30 parts by volume 15 parts by volume The components are mogenized.

Example 5 40 parts by volume

9 parts by volume 1 parts by volume The components are mogenized.

EXAMPLE 6 20 parts by volume 20 parts by volume 50 parts by volume

The components are mogenized.

gypsum, lime hydrate, cement, dried water glass powder and sawdust.

mixed with closed cell perlite, cellular perlite, lime hydrate, cement and sawdust.

mixed with closed cell perlite, cellular perlite, cement or gypsum, lime hydrate, dried water glass powder and carboxymethyl cellulose.

mixed with closed cell perlite, cellular perlite, cement and dried water glass powder.

mixed with closed cell perlite

Claims (4)

PATENT CLAIMS An insulating dry mortar comprising an insulating material, a binder, optionally a tackifier and / or an anti-cracking agent, dried water glass powder, antifreeze and an accelerator, characterized in that the insulating material is 20-75% by volume of closed cell perlite, 10-60% by volume of cement. and a 1: 0.5 to 1: 0 by volume mixture of lime and lime hydrate or a 1: 0.5 to 1: 0 mixture of gypsum and optionally cement containing lime hydrate, It contains 0-5% by volume of modified cellulose, 45% by weight of natural cellulose and 0-50% by weight of water-dried glass powder. The dry insulating mortar of claim 1, 50 characterized in that the insulating material comprises 30 to 70 volumes of closed cell perlite, 10 to 30 volumes of cement and lime hydrate 1: 0.5 to 1: 0 by volume, or of lime hydrate 1: 0.5 to 1, containing gypsum and optionally cement. : Contains a 0 by volume mixture. 55 The dry insulating mortar according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains carboxymethylcellulose as an adhesive. 4. An insulating dry mortar according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it contains sawdust as a material for cracking.