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GB2145262A - Sleep onset detector - Google Patents

Sleep onset detector Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2145262A
GB2145262A GB8420348A GB8420348A GB2145262A GB 2145262 A GB2145262 A GB 2145262A GB 8420348 A GB8420348 A GB 8420348A GB 8420348 A GB8420348 A GB 8420348A GB 2145262 A GB2145262 A GB 2145262A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
radiation
sleep onset
user
onset detector
sensitive device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB8420348A
Other versions
GB8420348D0 (en
Inventor
Anthony Powell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GUNSON S COLORPLUGS Ltd
Original Assignee
GUNSON S COLORPLUGS Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GUNSON S COLORPLUGS Ltd filed Critical GUNSON S COLORPLUGS Ltd
Publication of GB8420348D0 publication Critical patent/GB8420348D0/en
Publication of GB2145262A publication Critical patent/GB2145262A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/11Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb
    • A61B5/1103Detecting eye twinkling
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/06Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons indicating a condition of sleep, e.g. anti-dozing alarms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2503/00Evaluating a particular growth phase or type of persons or animals
    • A61B2503/20Workers
    • A61B2503/22Motor vehicles operators, e.g. drivers, pilots, captains
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/16Details of sensor housings or probes; Details of structural supports for sensors
    • A61B2562/166Details of sensor housings or probes; Details of structural supports for sensors the sensor is mounted on a specially adapted printed circuit board
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/6802Sensor mounted on worn items
    • A61B5/6803Head-worn items, e.g. helmets, masks, headphones or goggles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/6813Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
    • A61B5/6814Head
    • A61B5/6821Eye

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)

Abstract

A sleep onset detector comprising a mounting member (6) which is adapted to be carried or worn by a user; a radiation source (LED) and a radiation-sensitive device (TR) which are mounted on the mounting member (6) so that, when the latter is so carried or worn and the user has substantially closed his eyes, radiation from the radiation source (LED) will be reflected by an eyelid and/or eyelashes of the user so as to be directed onto the radiation-sensitive device (TR), whereas, when the user's eyes are fully open, the radiation from the radiation source (LED) will not be reflected by an eye, eyelid or eyelashes of the user onto the radiation-sensitive device (TR); and signal-producing means (3), controlled by said radiation-sensitive device (TR), for producing a signal whenever the user closes his eyes for at least a predetermined length of time. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Sleep onset detector This invention relates to a sleep onset detector.
Accidents due to drivers of vehicles or pilots of aircraft falling asleep are frequently reported. Thus it is desirable to provide a warning of the onset of sleep. Moreover, it is desirable to awaken the operator of a machine should he fall asleep and if necessary initiate any safeguards and/or warnings to third parties. Similarly it is desirable to awaken watchmen, security guards or any persons including members of the armed forces should they fall asleep whilst on duty.
Although the present invention is primarily directed to any novel integer or step, or combination of integers or steps, as herein disclosed and/or as shown in the accompanying drawings, nevertheless, according to one particular aspect of the present invention to which, however, the invention is in no way restricted, there is provided a sleep onset detector comprising a mounting member which is adapted to be carried or worn by a user; a radiation source and a radiation-sensitive device which are mounted on the mounting member so that, when the latter is so carried or worn and the user has substantially closed his eyes, radiation from the radiator source will be reflected by an eyelid and/or eyelashes of the user so as to be directed onto the radiation-sensitive device whereas, when the user's eyes are fully open, the radiation from the radiation source will not be reflected by an eye, eyelid or eyelashes of the user onto the radiation-sensitive device, and signal-producing means, controlled by said radiation-sensitive device, for producing a signal whenever the user closes his eyes for at least a predetermined length of time.
The signal may be used to awaken the person, to alert a third party orto initiate the actuation of other devices. Thus the signal may be an audible alarm.
Preferably, the radiation source and the radiationsensitive device are mounted closely adjacent to each other on the mounting member.
The radiation is preferably non-visible radiation, e.g. infra-red radiation.
The radiation source may be a light emitting diode and the radiation may be coded or pulsed radiation.
The signal-producing mens may be mounted on the mounting member or may be separate therefrom.
The mounting member may be a spectacle frame or a fixed or clip-on adjustment thereto.
Preferably, the radiation source and the radiationsensitive device are substantially aligned with the centre of the pupil of the eye of the user.
The radiation-sensitive device should desirably be such as not to obscure or restrict vision and, for simplicity of design, could be mounted close to the eye.
The radiation-sensitive device could be a pyroelectric detector, e.g. a lead zirconate titanite device arranged to respond to the change in infra-red radiation from the eye when covered by the eyelid.
The radiation-sensitive device could alternatively be an ultra-sonic receiver used in conjunction with an ultra-sonic transmitter and arranged to sense the difference in received signals between the eye being open and being closed.
The radiation-sensitive device could also be a resistive-gate sensor or similar device comprising a number of photo-sensitive elements. This device could be arranged to view the eye and sense the change in picture composition when the eye closed.
The radiation-sensitive device could also be a microwave receiver used in conjunction with a microwave transmitting device.
The radiation-sensitive device could also be a photo-sensitive device used in conjunction with a suitable source of light. The light could be modulated or unmodulated, preferably outside the visible part of the spectrum. The photo-sensitive device and source of light could be mounted close to the eye or at a remote position using fibre optic techniques.
As indicated above, one form of sleep onset detector may be incorporated in the frame of a pair of spectacles, sunglasses or the like. A battery and an alarm sounder together with the relevant elecronic components may also be included to make the device a complete warning unit. This would be capable of awakening the wearer immediately he or she fell asleep.
Another form of the sleep onset detector is a clip on attachment that fits conventional spectacles or sunglasses instead of being built into a special frame.
A sleep onset detector may also be fitted to a headband, helmet, hat or other headgear.
The examples of the invention previously described could be entirely self contained or connected to external circuits, for example, the electrical system of a vehicle or machine. The connection to outside circuits could be by means of an electric cable or a fibre optic link. If this was not a convenient method, a form of wireless link, such as radio or ultra-sonic sound, might be preferred.
The sleep onset detector may comprise an integrated circuit to enhance the performance and to enable it to be constructed in the form of a small module. This could then be incorporated in a suitable frame or attached to conventional spectacles or sunglasses.
The invention is illustrated, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figures land 2 illustrate diagrammatically the operation of a sleep onset detector according to the present invention when the user thereof respectively has his eyes open and closed, Figure 3 shows a plan view of one embodiment of a sleep onset detector according to the present invention, Figure 4 shows a diagrammatic perspective view of a pair of spectacles provided with a sleep onset detector as shown in Figure 3, and Figure 5 shows the circuit diagram of the sleep onset detector of Figures 3 and 4.
The principle of operation of a sleep onset detector according to the present invention may best be understood by referring to Figures 1 and 2.
Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the relationship between the said sleep onset detector and a nose 1 and an eye 2 of the user thereof. In Figure 1 the eye 2 is shown open, as is indicated by the position of the eyelid 3. A light transmitting diode LED is arranged, in this position, to direct a beam 4 of infra-red light so as to pass in front of the open eye 2 so that the beam 4 strikes the nose 1 and is partly scattered thereby. The infra-red light emitted from the light transmitting diode LED will not be reflected either by the eye 2 or by the eyelid 3 and thus does not reach a receiving photo-transistor TR, either directly or as a result of the scattering. Thus infra-red light reflected from the nose 1 is shielded from the photo-transistor TR by the eye 2.
In Figure 2 the eyelid 3 is shown closed and the infra-red light4fromthe LED is reflected bythe eyelid 3 and/or eyelashes, as indicated at 5, on to the photo-transistor TR to give an alarm, as will be described below. In practice some light will always reach the photo-transistor TR, but the sensitivity of the latter is so set that only the large change that occurs when the user closes his eyes triggers the alarm.
The light-emitting diode LED and the phototransistor TR should desirably be centred as near as possible to the centre of the pupil to reduce the chance of operation of the alarm by the part closing of the eyes which occurs in bright light.
Figure 3 shows a sleep onset detector according to the present invention comprising a printed circuit board 6 on which there are mounted the light emitting diode LED and the photo-transistorTR, togetherwith other components of an alarm circuit, including a battery B, an on/off switch SW, a piezo-electric sounder S, a CMOS Hex inverting Schmitt trigger ST, a potentiometerVR, and a CMOS operational amplifier OA. Other components of the alarm circuit, including resistors R, capacitors C, diodes D and a MOSFET MF, shown in the circuit of Figure 5 have not been illustrated in Figure 3 in the interests of clarity. The printed circuit board 6 may, if desired, be approximately 30mm wide at a wider end thereof and maytaperto 15mm wide at a narrower end thereof and may be 90mm long.
In Figure 4 the printed circuit board 6 is shown attached to a side piece 7 of a spectacle frame 8 with the light emitting diode LED and the photo-transistor TR positioned to cooperate with the eyelid of the wearer of the spectacles as described above. It will be appreciated that means may be provided for the board 6 to be arranged on the spectacle frame in the optimum position for the person wearing the spectacle frame 8.
The printed circuit board 6, instead of being permanently secured to the spectacle frame 8, may clip detachably onto the latter.
Referring nowt the circuit shown in Figure 5, which does not illustrate either the battery B or the on/off switch SW, it will be seen that terminals B+ and B from the battery B are connected across a decoupling capacitor C1. A resistor R1, a capacitor C2 and a Schmitt trigger ST1 are connected as an oscillator to provide a square wave output of about 20 Hz. This square wave output is connected to a Schmitt trigger ST2 via a capacitor C3, the junction between the Schmitt trigger ST2 and the capacitor C3 being connected to terminal B+ via a resistor R2, The values of the capacitor C3 and the resistor R2 are chosen to make the output of the Schmitt trigger ST2 a series of positive going pulses of short duration.
These short duration pulses are connected directly to drive the gate of a MOSFET MF. The source of the MOSFET MF is connected to the terminal B- and the drain to the cathode of an infra-red light emitting diode LED. The anode of the LED is connected to a current limiting resistor R4 which is in series with a resistor R3 which is connected to terminal B+. A large capacitance capacitor C4 is connected between the junction of the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 and the terminal B-. The large capacitor C4 is charged to near the terminal B+ potential by the resistor R3 during the intervals between the short duration pulses. During the pulses, the capacitor C4 discharges through the current limiting resistor R4, the LED and the MOSFET MF.A comparatively large current flows through the LED for the duration of each pulse and the resulting infra-red radiations emitted from the LED are adequate to provide overall reliable circuit functioning although the mean current drawn from the battery B is very small.
Infra-red radiations emitted from the LED are shown diagrammatically at 10 and are reflected by an eyelid 3 onto the photo-transistorTR which is loaded by a resistor R5. The output of the phototransistor TR is coupled to the inverting input of the photo-transistor TR is coupled to the inverting input of the operational amplifier OA via a capacitor C5.
The gain of the operational amplifier OA is set by a negative feedback resistor R8 and by a resistor R6 and a resistor R7. The junction of the resistor R6 and the resistor R7 is connected to a capacitor C6, which provides a low impedance path to the terminal B-.
The junction of the resistor R6 and the resistor R7 is also connected to the slider of a potentiometer VR.
The extremities of the potentiometer VR are connected between the terminal B+ and the terminal B-. The output of the operational amplifier OA is directly connected to the input of a Schmitt trigger ST3. The slider of the potentiometer VR is adjusted so that the output voltage of the operational amplifier OA is set below the switching threshold of the Schmitt trigger ST3, when no pulses are being received. When reflected infra-red pulses are received by the photo-transistor TR, they are amplified by the operational amplifier OA and increase output voltage of the operational amplifier OA determined by the setting of the sliderofthe potentiometer VR.
Referring again to the operational amplifier OA, if the sum of the present output voltage and the amplified pulse voltage is above the switching threshold of the Schmitt trigger ST3, the output of the Schmitt trigger ST3 will go low for the duration of each pulse. A diode D1 connects the output of the Schmitt trigger ST3 to the junction of a resistor R9 and a capacitor C7. The resistor R9 is connected to the terminal B+, and the capacitor C7 is connected to the terminal B-. The junction of the resistor R9 and the capacitor C7 is also connected to the input of a Schmitt trigger ST4.When no pulses are being received, the output of the Schmitt trigger ST3 is high with the result that the diode D1 will not conduct and will allow the resistor R9 to charge the capacitor C7 to nearthe B+ potential, thus holding the input of the Schmitt trigger ST4 above the switching threshold. When pulses are received, however, the output of the Schmitt trigger ST3 goes low for the duration of each pulse with the result that the diode D1 conducts for the duration of each pulse, thus discharging the capacitor C7. However the ouptput impedance of the Schmitt trigger ST3 is relatively high and the duration of each pulse short.
As a result, several pulses are required to reduce the potential across the capacitor C7 to a level below the input switching threshold of the Schmitt trigger ST4, and a continuous stream of pulses is required to hold the input below the switching threshold. The number of pulses required to switch the input of the Schmitt trigger ST4 is determined by the length and frequency of the pulses, the ohmic value of the resistor R9, the capacitance of the capacitor C7 and the impedance of the discharge path through the diode D1 and the Schmitt trigger ST3 to the terminal B-. In the circuit shown in Figure 5, the component values chosen require five pulses to be received before the input of the Schmitt trigger ST4 is driven past the switching point. The pulse frequency is approximately 20 Hz.Therefore infra-red pulses received for less than a quarter of a second will not switch the Schmitt trigger ST4. As a result the sounder Swill not be switched on by the blinking of an eye but will be switched on by the drooping of an eyelid at the onset of sleep.
A Schmitt trigger ST5, a resistor R10 and a capacitor C8 are connected as an audio frequency oscillator. A diode D2 is connected between the output of the Schmitt trigger ST4 and the input of the Schmitt trigger ST5. When no pulses are received the output of the Schmitt trigger ST4 is held low and the diode D2 conducts, thus preventing the capacitor C7 charging. This prevents the Schmitt trigger ST5 oscillating. When a stream of pulses is received the output of the Schmitt trigger ST4 is driven high, the diode D2 does not conduct, and the Schmitt trigger ST5 is allowed to oscillate. The output of the Schmitt trigger ST5 in turn drives a Schmitt trigger ST6 and the Schmitt triggers ST5, ST6 together operate the sounder S thereby alarming the wearer to the fact that he or she is falling asleep.
It will be appreciated that, although the invention has been described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, variations and modifications may be made within the scope of the invention as defined by the accompanying claims. For example, the circuit may be constructed on a single chip by a large scale integration process and the battery may be positioned separately from the circuit and may be connected to the circuit via connection leads.

Claims (12)

1. A sleep onset detector comprising a mounting member which is adapted to be carried or worn by a user; a radiation source and a radiation-sensitive device which are mounted on the mounting member so that, when the latter is so carried or worn and the user has substantially closed his eyes, radiation from the radiation source will be reflected by an eyelid and/or eyelashes of the user so as to be directed onto the radiation-sensitive device whereas, when the user's eyes are fully open, the radiation from the radiation source will not be reflected by an eye, eyelid or eyelashes of the user onto the radiationsensitive device; and signal-producing means, controlled by said radiation-sensitive device, for producing a signal whenever the user closes his eyes for at least a predetermined length of time.
2. A sleep onset detector as claimed in claim 1 in which the radiation source and the radiationsensitive device are mounted closely adjacent to each other on the mounting member.
3. A sleep onset detector as claimed in claim 1 or 2 in which the radiation is non-visible radiation.
4. A sleep onset detector as claimed in claim 3 in which the radiation is infra-red radiation.
5. A sleep onset detector as claimed in any preceding claim in which the radiation source is a light-emitting diode.
6. A sleep onset detector as claimed in any preceding claim in which the radiation is coded or pulsed radiation.
7. A sleep onset detector as claimed in any preceding claim in which the said signal is an audible alarm.
8. A sleep onset detector as claimed in any preceding claim in which the signal-producing means are also mounted on the mounting member.
9. A sleep onset detector as claimed in any preceding claim in which the mounting member is a spectacle frame or a fixed or clip-on adjustment thereto.
10. A sleep onset detector as claimed in any preceding claim in which the radiation source and the radiation-sensitive device are substantially aligned with the centre of the pupil of the eye of the user.
11. A sleep onset detector substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in the accompanying drawings.
12. Any novel integer or step, or combination of integers or steps, hereinbefore described and/or shown in the accompanying drawings irrespective of whether the present claim is within the scope of, or relates to the same or a different invention from that of, the preceding claims.
GB8420348A 1983-08-17 1984-08-10 Sleep onset detector Withdrawn GB2145262A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8322182A GB8322182D0 (en) 1983-08-17 1983-08-17 Sleep onset detector

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8420348D0 GB8420348D0 (en) 1984-09-12
GB2145262A true GB2145262A (en) 1985-03-20

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8322182A Pending GB8322182D0 (en) 1983-08-17 1983-08-17 Sleep onset detector
GB8420348A Withdrawn GB2145262A (en) 1983-08-17 1984-08-10 Sleep onset detector

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8322182A Pending GB8322182D0 (en) 1983-08-17 1983-08-17 Sleep onset detector

Country Status (1)

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GB (2) GB8322182D0 (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2215040A (en) * 1988-02-13 1989-09-13 William George David Ritchie A method and apparatus for monitoring the driver of a vehicle
EP0424582A1 (en) * 1989-03-13 1991-05-02 Shui-Wen Chiu Doze warning device
EP0646347A2 (en) * 1993-09-17 1995-04-05 DWL Elektronische Systeme GmbH Device for reception of at least one sonography probe
GB2285681A (en) * 1994-01-07 1995-07-19 Robert Joseph Terry Sleep warning-alarm spectacle frames
WO2001016910A1 (en) * 1999-08-31 2001-03-08 Peter Nigel Clegg Apparatus for enabling drivers to monitor how alert they are whilst driving
GB2385451A (en) * 2002-02-13 2003-08-20 Loadpoint Ltd Monitoring drowsiness

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1442752A (en) * 1972-05-08 1976-07-14 Litman M Eye closure monitoring device
GB2075671A (en) * 1980-05-09 1981-11-18 Tamkin Elec Control Services Control in response to eye closure for the handicapped
GB2129989A (en) * 1982-11-10 1984-05-23 Swei Wen Cheo Sleep-preventing alarm device
GB2133598A (en) * 1983-01-10 1984-07-25 Xanadu Ltd Apparatus for producing an alarm in response to the sensed dozing of a subject

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1442752A (en) * 1972-05-08 1976-07-14 Litman M Eye closure monitoring device
GB2075671A (en) * 1980-05-09 1981-11-18 Tamkin Elec Control Services Control in response to eye closure for the handicapped
GB2129989A (en) * 1982-11-10 1984-05-23 Swei Wen Cheo Sleep-preventing alarm device
GB2133598A (en) * 1983-01-10 1984-07-25 Xanadu Ltd Apparatus for producing an alarm in response to the sensed dozing of a subject

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2215040A (en) * 1988-02-13 1989-09-13 William George David Ritchie A method and apparatus for monitoring the driver of a vehicle
EP0424582A1 (en) * 1989-03-13 1991-05-02 Shui-Wen Chiu Doze warning device
EP0646347A2 (en) * 1993-09-17 1995-04-05 DWL Elektronische Systeme GmbH Device for reception of at least one sonography probe
EP0646347A3 (en) * 1993-09-17 1998-07-01 DWL Elektronische Systeme GmbH Device for reception of at least one sonography probe
CN1108143C (en) * 1993-09-17 2003-05-14 Dwl电子系统有限公司 Device supporting at least on ultrosonic detecting head
GB2285681A (en) * 1994-01-07 1995-07-19 Robert Joseph Terry Sleep warning-alarm spectacle frames
WO2001016910A1 (en) * 1999-08-31 2001-03-08 Peter Nigel Clegg Apparatus for enabling drivers to monitor how alert they are whilst driving
GB2368708A (en) * 1999-08-31 2002-05-08 Peter Nigel Clegg Apparatus for enabling drivers to monitor how alert they are whilst driving
GB2368708B (en) * 1999-08-31 2004-01-28 Peter Nigel Clegg Apparatus for enabling drivers to monitor how alert they are whilst driving
GB2385451A (en) * 2002-02-13 2003-08-20 Loadpoint Ltd Monitoring drowsiness

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8322182D0 (en) 1983-09-21
GB8420348D0 (en) 1984-09-12

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