FR2727791B1 - Dispositif a semi-conducteur optique et procede de fabrication de celui-ci - Google Patents
Dispositif a semi-conducteur optique et procede de fabrication de celui-ciInfo
- Publication number
- FR2727791B1 FR2727791B1 FR9512873A FR9512873A FR2727791B1 FR 2727791 B1 FR2727791 B1 FR 2727791B1 FR 9512873 A FR9512873 A FR 9512873A FR 9512873 A FR9512873 A FR 9512873A FR 2727791 B1 FR2727791 B1 FR 2727791B1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- manufacturing
- semiconductor device
- optical semiconductor
- optical
- semiconductor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/026—Monolithically integrated components, e.g. waveguides, monitoring photo-detectors, drivers
- H01S5/0265—Intensity modulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
- H01S5/0425—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure
- H01S5/04256—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure characterised by the configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
- H01S5/0425—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure
- H01S5/04254—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure characterised by the shape
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
- H01S5/062—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium by varying the potential of the electrodes
- H01S5/06226—Modulation at ultra-high frequencies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/2054—Methods of obtaining the confinement
- H01S5/2077—Methods of obtaining the confinement using lateral bandgap control during growth, e.g. selective growth, mask induced
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/22—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure
- H01S5/2205—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure comprising special burying or current confinement layers
- H01S5/2206—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure comprising special burying or current confinement layers based on III-V materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/22—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure
- H01S5/2205—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure comprising special burying or current confinement layers
- H01S5/2222—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure comprising special burying or current confinement layers having special electric properties
- H01S5/2224—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure comprising special burying or current confinement layers having special electric properties semi-insulating semiconductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/22—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure
- H01S5/2205—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure comprising special burying or current confinement layers
- H01S5/2222—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure comprising special burying or current confinement layers having special electric properties
- H01S5/2226—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure comprising special burying or current confinement layers having special electric properties semiconductors with a specific doping
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/22—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure
- H01S5/2205—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure comprising special burying or current confinement layers
- H01S5/2222—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure comprising special burying or current confinement layers having special electric properties
- H01S5/2227—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure comprising special burying or current confinement layers having special electric properties special thin layer sequence
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/22—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure
- H01S5/227—Buried mesa structure ; Striped active layer
- H01S5/2272—Buried mesa structure ; Striped active layer grown by a mask induced selective growth
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP30064794A JP3386261B2 (ja) | 1994-12-05 | 1994-12-05 | 光半導体装置、及びその製造方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2727791A1 FR2727791A1 (fr) | 1996-06-07 |
FR2727791B1 true FR2727791B1 (fr) | 1997-12-12 |
Family
ID=17887381
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR9512873A Expired - Lifetime FR2727791B1 (fr) | 1994-12-05 | 1995-10-31 | Dispositif a semi-conducteur optique et procede de fabrication de celui-ci |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5717710A (fr) |
JP (1) | JP3386261B2 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE19545164B8 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2727791B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (37)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0738204A (ja) * | 1993-07-20 | 1995-02-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 半導体光デバイス及びその製造方法 |
JPH1075009A (ja) * | 1996-08-30 | 1998-03-17 | Nec Corp | 光半導体装置とその製造方法 |
JP2924852B2 (ja) | 1997-05-16 | 1999-07-26 | 日本電気株式会社 | 光半導体装置及びその製造方法 |
JP2000012975A (ja) * | 1998-06-23 | 2000-01-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 半導体レーザ装置及びその製造方法 |
JP2000349394A (ja) * | 1999-06-02 | 2000-12-15 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 半導体レーザ装置 |
JP2001142037A (ja) * | 1999-11-17 | 2001-05-25 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | 電界効果型光変調器および半導体光素子の製造方法 |
US6664605B1 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2003-12-16 | Triquint Technology Holding Co. | Dopant diffusion blocking for optoelectronic devices using InAlAs and/or InGaAlAs |
DE10108079A1 (de) * | 2000-05-30 | 2002-09-12 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Optisch gepumpte oberflächenemittierende Halbleiterlaservorrichtung und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
KR100337704B1 (ko) * | 2000-07-04 | 2002-05-22 | 윤종용 | 전계흡수형 변조기가 집적된 레이저 다이오드의 제조 방법 |
DE60136261D1 (de) | 2001-01-18 | 2008-12-04 | Avago Tech Fiber Ip Sg Pte Ltd | Halbleiterbauelement mit Strombegrenzungstruktur |
CN1307756C (zh) * | 2001-03-30 | 2007-03-28 | 阿吉尔系统光电子学监护股份有限公司 | 光电子器件 |
US6717969B2 (en) * | 2001-07-16 | 2004-04-06 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor laser device which includes current confinement structure and trenches formed through current stopping layer down to active layer |
JP3654435B2 (ja) * | 2001-08-21 | 2005-06-02 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 半導体光素子及びその製造方法 |
JP2003060311A (ja) * | 2001-08-21 | 2003-02-28 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 半導体光素子及びその製造方法 |
EP1300917A1 (fr) * | 2001-10-03 | 2003-04-09 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. (a Delaware corporation) | Dispositif à semiconducteur doté d'une structure de confinement de courant |
JP2003338664A (ja) * | 2002-05-20 | 2003-11-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 半導体装置 |
DE60215131T2 (de) * | 2002-06-12 | 2007-03-15 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. (n.d.Ges.d.Staates Delaware), Palo Alto | Integriertes Halbleiterlaser-Wellenleiter-Element |
EP1372229B1 (fr) * | 2002-06-12 | 2006-02-15 | Agilent Technologies Inc., A Delaware Corporation | Element integré composé d'un laser semiconducteur et d'un guide d'ondes |
US20050013337A1 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2005-01-20 | Thomas Jung | Semiconductor injection locked lasers and method |
KR100547830B1 (ko) * | 2003-08-13 | 2006-01-31 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 집적광학장치 및 그 제조방법 |
JP2005340567A (ja) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-08 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | 表面発光型半導体レーザ素子およびその製造方法 |
JP4613304B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-07 | 2011-01-19 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 量子ナノ構造半導体レーザ |
JP4422597B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-02 | 2010-02-24 | 富士通株式会社 | 半導体レーザ及びその製造方法 |
US7180648B2 (en) * | 2005-06-13 | 2007-02-20 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Electro-absorption modulator device and methods for fabricating the same |
JP2007035784A (ja) * | 2005-07-25 | 2007-02-08 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 分布帰還型半導体レーザ |
GB2430548B (en) * | 2005-09-27 | 2011-08-10 | Agilent Technologies Inc | An integrated modulator-laser structure and a method of producing same |
US20070070309A1 (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2007-03-29 | Miklos Stern | Color image projection arrangement and method employing electro-absorption modulated green laser system |
JP4952376B2 (ja) * | 2006-08-10 | 2012-06-13 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 光導波路と半導体光集積素子の製造方法 |
JP2008053649A (ja) * | 2006-08-28 | 2008-03-06 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 埋め込み型半導体レーザ |
JP5151231B2 (ja) * | 2007-04-23 | 2013-02-27 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 半導体光素子及びその製造方法 |
US7539228B2 (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2009-05-26 | Avago Technologies Fiber Ip (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Integrated photonic semiconductor devices having ridge structures that are grown rather than etched, and methods for making same |
JP2009182249A (ja) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-13 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 半導体光素子の製造方法 |
JP2009283822A (ja) | 2008-05-26 | 2009-12-03 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 半導体レーザ及びその製造方法 |
JP2014063052A (ja) | 2012-09-21 | 2014-04-10 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 光変調器の製造方法および光変調器 |
WO2020240644A1 (fr) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-12-03 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Dispositif à semi-conducteur optique et procédé de fabrication de dispositif à semi-conducteur optique |
CN110098562B (zh) * | 2019-06-04 | 2024-02-06 | 厦门市炬意科技有限公司 | 一种高速掩埋dfb半导体激光器及其制备方法 |
US11462886B2 (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2022-10-04 | Lumentum Japan, Inc. | Buried-type semiconductor optical device |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4371966A (en) * | 1980-11-06 | 1983-02-01 | Xerox Corporation | Heterostructure lasers with combination active strip and passive waveguide strip |
GB2115608B (en) * | 1982-02-24 | 1985-10-30 | Plessey Co Plc | Semi-conductor lasers |
US4888624A (en) * | 1984-06-15 | 1989-12-19 | American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories | Semiconductor devices employing high resistivity in-based compound group III-IV epitaxial layer for current confinement |
US4660208A (en) * | 1984-06-15 | 1987-04-21 | American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories | Semiconductor devices employing Fe-doped MOCVD InP-based layer for current confinement |
US4999315A (en) * | 1984-06-15 | 1991-03-12 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Method of controlling dopant incorporation in high resistivity In-based compound Group III-V epitaxial layers |
US4782034A (en) * | 1987-06-04 | 1988-11-01 | American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories | Semi-insulating group III-V based compositions doped using bis arene titanium sources |
US4774554A (en) * | 1986-12-16 | 1988-09-27 | American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories | Semiconductor devices employing Ti-doped Group III-V epitaxial layer |
EP0314372A3 (fr) * | 1987-10-29 | 1989-10-25 | AT&T Corp. | Région de confinement de courant et de blocage pour dispositifs à semi-conducteurs |
JP2890644B2 (ja) * | 1990-04-03 | 1999-05-17 | 日本電気株式会社 | 集積型光変調器の製造方法 |
DE69204828T2 (de) * | 1992-06-09 | 1996-05-02 | Ibm | Herstellung von Laserdioden mit durch Spaltung erzeugten Stirnflächen auf einem vollständigen Wafer. |
JP2536714B2 (ja) * | 1993-03-03 | 1996-09-18 | 日本電気株式会社 | 光変調器集積型多重量子井戸構造半導体レ―ザ素子 |
JPH0730185A (ja) * | 1993-07-07 | 1995-01-31 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 半導体レーザ装置及びその製造方法 |
JPH0794833A (ja) * | 1993-09-22 | 1995-04-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 半導体レーザおよびその製造方法 |
US5548607A (en) * | 1994-06-08 | 1996-08-20 | Lucent Technologies, Inc. | Article comprising an integrated laser/modulator combination |
-
1994
- 1994-12-05 JP JP30064794A patent/JP3386261B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-10-31 FR FR9512873A patent/FR2727791B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-15 US US08/558,791 patent/US5717710A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-04 DE DE19545164A patent/DE19545164B8/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2727791A1 (fr) | 1996-06-07 |
JP3386261B2 (ja) | 2003-03-17 |
JPH08162701A (ja) | 1996-06-21 |
DE19545164B4 (de) | 2007-02-08 |
US5717710A (en) | 1998-02-10 |
DE19545164A1 (de) | 1996-06-13 |
DE19545164B8 (de) | 2007-06-28 |
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