FR2538293A2 - Panel with visible stones - Google Patents
Panel with visible stones Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2538293A2 FR2538293A2 FR8113733A FR8113733A FR2538293A2 FR 2538293 A2 FR2538293 A2 FR 2538293A2 FR 8113733 A FR8113733 A FR 8113733A FR 8113733 A FR8113733 A FR 8113733A FR 2538293 A2 FR2538293 A2 FR 2538293A2
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- panel
- stones
- mold
- panels
- overflowing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
- E04C2/041—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres composed of a number of smaller elements, e.g. bricks, also combined with a slab of hardenable material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
- B28B19/0007—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon for producing articles with exposed aggregate
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
- E04F13/144—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of marble or other natural stone
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2002/001—Mechanical features of panels
- E04C2002/004—Panels with profiled edges, e.g. stepped, serrated
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Ce premier additif à la demande de brevet d'invention déposée le 27 novembre I978 sous le n 78.33511, permet la fabrication du panneau en pierres apparentes" dit "à jonction débordante". This first additive to the patent application filed on November 27, 1978 under the number 78.33511, allows the manufacture of the panel in visible stones "said" with overhanging junction ".
La notification de cette demande d'auditif tient au fait qu'auparavant, les panneaux conçus possédaient quatre côtés A arêtes rectilignes. Ceci avait pour effet t
- que les Joints en ciment permettant la jonction des panneaux les uns aux autres étalent visibles et, par voie de conséquence, le procédé, en l'état, ne faisait pas dis parattre totalement le caractère préfabriqué de l'ouvrage t
- que la disposition despierres d'un panneau à l'autre et encore plus si l'on considère un ensemble de panneaux, était dénuée d'harmonie.The notification of this hearing aid request was due to the fact that previously the panels designed had four sides with straight edges. This had the effect t
- that the cement joints allowing the joining of the panels to each other spread out visible and, consequently, the process, in the state, did not make appear completely the prefabricated character of the work t
- that the arrangement of stones from one panel to another and even more if we consider a set of panels, was devoid of harmony.
Cet additif au procédé de fabrication des panneaux en pierres apparentes permettant la fabrication des panneaux à jonctions débordantes qui peuvent ainsi s'emboîter les uns dans les autres, tant, dans le sens de la longueur que dans celui de la hauteur, f@it disparattre les deux inconvénients exposés ci-dessus. (voir fig. 1 et phote de la demande de brevet avant procédé et fig. Vil et XIII, ainsi que photos I avec l'utilisation de oe procédé). Vous pouvez voir que tout aspect de préfabrication disparaît avec ce procédé qu'il n' est pas osé do qualifier de révolutionnaire). This additive to the manufacturing process of exposed stone panels allowing the production of panels with overflowing junctions which can thus fit into each other, both in length and in height, f @ it disappear the two disadvantages set out above. (see fig. 1 and photo of the patent application before process and fig. Vil and XIII, as well as photos I with the use of this process). You can see that any aspect of prefabrication disappears with this process which is not daring to qualify as revolutionary).
En fait, le mode de réalisation de ces panneaux en pierres apparentes nouveau modèle consiste uniquement en la modification du moule dont il est question sur la description faite lors de la demande de brevet d'invention rappelée cidessus. In fact, the embodiment of these new model exposed stone panels consists solely of the modification of the mold which is mentioned in the description made during the patent application mentioned above.
Ce nouveau inocule est un moule démontable et modifiable0 (voir fig. III et XIV). This new inocule is a removable and modifiable mold (see fig. III and XIV).
Comme vous pouvez le constater, les encoches de ee moule en viendront prendre place leo pierres servant à la Jonction comme il est dit ci-dessous, sont de forme triangulaire mai celles-ci peuvent entre de forne arrondie, dite en demie-lune. As you can see, the notches of this mold will come to take place the stones used for the Junction as it is said below, are triangular in shape but these can be entered in a rounded shape, called a half-moon.
Sa fait, il existe des qualités de pierres allongées et pointues, dans ce cas, le moule à jonetions triangulaires aura à être utilisé. Mais, il y a aussi des qualités de pierres arrondies, telles les pierres meulières, il faudra alors utiliser un moule à encoches arrondies. Its fact, there are qualities of elongated and pointed stones, in this case, the mold with triangular junctions will have to be used. But, there are also qualities of rounded stones, such as millstone, it will then be necessary to use a mold with rounded notches.
Il est temps, maintenant, de passer à la technique de fabrication des divers panneaux en pierres apparentes, dont l'utilisation rationnelle dans le milieu du bâtiment apportera quelque chose de grandiose, J'en suis persuadé. It is now time to move on to the technique of manufacturing the various exposed stone panels, the rational use of which in the building environment will bring something grand, I am sure of it.
LE PANNEAU ORDINAIRE
Après avoir posé la palette (fig. II) sur une table vibrante, de préférence à deux vitesses de vibration, il faut poser le moule (fig. III) sur la palette (fig. IV).THE ORDINARY PANEL
After placing the pallet (fig. II) on a vibrating table, preferably at two vibration speeds, the mold (fig. III) must be placed on the pallet (fig. IV).
A l'intérieur de ce moule, à même la paletté, se posent les pierres, comme il est dit sur la deseription de la demande de brevet déposée le 27. 11. 1978. Bien entendu, la face la plus jolie de la pierre posée côté palette, car c'est cette face qui apparattra en relief, une fois le panneau terminé. Inside this mold, on the pallet, the stones are placed, as it says on the description of the patent application filed on 27. 11. 1978. Of course, the prettiest side of the stone placed pallet side, because it is this side which will appear in relief, once the panel is finished.
Il faut commencer par disposer les pierres dans les en coches du moule et ce, avec soin, car, ce seront celles-ci qui permettront la réalisation de la ponction avec les autres panneaux (fig.VI - A). Puis le moule, une fois complété par les pierres et le ciment, comme il est dit à la demande de brevet, l'ensemble est vibré. It is necessary to start by placing the stones in the notches of the mold and this, with care, because, it will be these which will allow the realization of the puncture with the other panels (fig.VI - A). Then the mold, once completed with stones and cement, as it says in the patent application, the whole is vibrated.
L'opération suivante consiste à fixer ce que j'appelle les moules-cales (fig. III - A) sur le moule (fig. III) et ce, à l'aide de ses gouJons. The following operation consists in fixing what I call the wedge molds (fig. III - A) on the mold (fig. III) and this, using its studs.
quoi servent ces moules-cales ? Ils ont deux fonctions distinctes. La première est de donner l'épaisseur entre deax panneaux disposés parallellement, pour former un mur de cl8- ture où les pierres seront apparentes sur les deux faces du mur. Comment ? Bn fonction de la hauteur du moule-cale qui est rempli de béton, le mur sera plus ou moins épais. what are these wedge molds for? They have two distinct functions. The first is to give the thickness between two panels arranged in parallel, to form a fencing wall where the stones will be visible on both sides of the wall. How? 'Or' What ? Depending on the height of the wedge mold which is filled with concrete, the wall will be more or less thick.
Pour ce faire, une fois que los moules-cales (fig. III
A) sont placés sur le moule (fig. III), il suffit de passer les deux broches dans les trous du moule-cale prévu à cet effet. On rempli ensuite de mortier les moules-cales, puis en remet la table vibrante en marche avec le vibreur à plus forte puissance.To do this, once the shim molds (fig. III
A) are placed on the mold (fig. III), it suffices to pass the two pins through the holes of the wedge mold provided for this purpose. The bilge molds are then filled with mortar, then restart the vibrating table with the vibrator at higher power.
La deuxième fonction des moules-cales est de permettre le raccordement de deux ou d'une série de panneaux parallèles qui formeront le mur de clôture comme il est dit ci-dessus. En ef fet, lorsque les trous se trouveront dans le même alignement, il n'y aura plus qu'à passer une tige de fer rond et là, deux panneaux parallèles se trouveront assemblés avec une grande facilité. (fig. VI). The second function of the wedge molds is to allow the connection of two or a series of parallel panels which will form the enclosure wall as described above. In fact, when the holes are in the same alignment, it will only have to pass a round iron rod and there, two parallel panels will be assembled with great ease. (fig. VI).
Ainsi, pour la construction des murs de clôtures, il suffira de remplir de mortier l'espace laissé entre les deux pan neaux qui sera plus ou moins grand suivant que la hauteur des moules-cales sera elle-même plus eu moins grande. Une fois que cette dernière opération sera terminée, le mur de cl8ture sera très résistant (fig. VII) et sur les deux faces du mur, les pierres seront apparentes. Aucun aspect de préfabriqué n'appa- naîtra, bien au contraire, une impression de fini et de solide en dehors de la valeur artistique de l'ouvrage se dégagera de la réalisation ainsi conçue. (veir phote n II). Thus, for the construction of the walls of fences, it will suffice to fill with mortar the space left between the two panels which will be more or less large depending on whether the height of the wedge molds will itself be less. Once this last operation is finished, the enclosure wall will be very resistant (fig. VII) and on both sides of the wall, the stones will be visible. No aspect of prefab will appear, on the contrary, an impression of finish and solid outside the artistic value of the work will emerge from the realization thus conceived. (see photo n II).
Il est nécessaire d'expliquer ci-dessous, comment s'effectue le démoulage du panneau conçn comme il est dit plus haut. It is necessary to explain below, how the demoulding of the designed panel takes place as described above.
Après avoir enlevé des deux broches dans les moules-cales, il est facile alors d'enlever les moules-cales, puis de retirer les quatre côtés du moule avee soin, afin qu'aucune pierre ne bouge. Toutes ces opérations do démoulage 8e font immédia- tement après que l'ensemble du panneau soit vibré pour la deraière fois, comme il est expliqué ci-dessus. After removing two pins in the shim molds, it is easy to remove the shim molds, then carefully remove the four sides of the mold, so that no stones move. All of these demoulding operations 8e take place immediately after the whole of the panel has been vibrated for the last time, as explained above.
Une fois que le panneau est démoulé, il y a lieu de prendre une truelle et râcler, avec, cinq centimètres autour dl panneau pour la facilité de la jonction et de l'accrochage au sol. (fig. VI et VII). Once the panel is removed from the mold, take a trowel and scrape, with, five centimeters around the panel for ease of joining and hanging on the ground. (fig. VI and VII).
Une fois set, le panneau est soulevée Il suffira alors, pour qu'il soit prêt à l'emploi, de brosser légèrement au pourtour des pierres, afin d'enlever le sable et de laisser apparaître ce que l'on peut observer sur la photo do la demande de brevet déposée le 27. XI. 78. Once set, the panel is raised. It will then be enough, so that it is ready for use, to brush lightly around the stones, in order to remove the sand and to let appear what can be observed on the photo of the patent application filed on 27. XI. 78.
LE PANNEAU POUR LE DEMARRAGE DES MURS DE CLOTURES
Pour le démarrage d'un mur de clôture, le premier panneau, c'est-à-dire celui qui viendra s'accrocher au poteau de démarrage, sera un panneau spécial.THE PANEL FOR STARTING THE FENCE WALLS
For the start of a fence wall, the first panel, that is to say the one that will hang on the start post, will be a special panel.
Le côté du panneau qui sera scellé au poteau sera à arêt rectiligne. (fig. VIII). Pour réaliser ainsi ce c8té, il est utilisé un tube rectangulaire que l'on place à l'intérieur du moule (fig. I). Avec ce moyen, on supprime la jonction débordante du côté désiré, et celui-ci est ainsi à aîete rectiligne. The side of the panel that will be sealed to the post will have a straight edge. (fig. VIII). To achieve this dimension, a rectangular tube is used which is placed inside the mold (fig. I). With this means, we remove the overhanging junction on the desired side, and it is thus straight.
Quant au côté qui sera scellé sur la fondation du mur, ses pierres seront débordantes sur environ cinq centimètres, et ce, d'une part afin de permettre une meilleure fixation, et, d'autre part, afin d'obtenir une meilleure esthétique en faisant encore plus disparaître le caractère de préfabriqué. As for the side which will be sealed on the foundation of the wall, its stones will project over about five centimeters, and this, on the one hand to allow better fixation, and, on the other hand, to obtain a better aesthetic in making the prefabricated character disappear even more.
(fig. VIII et IX).(fig. VIII and IX).
LE PANNEAU D'ANGLE
Pour la fabrication d'un panneau d'angle, il est employé la même méthode que ci-dessus.THE CORNER PANEL
For the manufacture of a corner panel, the same method as above is used.
Cependant, le moule qui sera utilisé sera modifié de sorte que les côtés des panneaux qui viendront se rejoindre de façon à former entre eux le point de départ de l'angle souhai- té, puissent s'emboîter l'un dans l'autre de manière à ce que les pierres débordantes de l'un des panneaux viennent se marier suivant les règles de l'art et avec harmonie avec les pierres débordantes de l'autre panneau formant le second côté de 1' angle. However, the mold which will be used will be modified so that the sides of the panels which come to join so as to form between them the starting point of the desired angle, can fit one into the other of so that the overflowing stones of one of the panels come to marry according to the rules of the art and in harmony with the overflowing stones of the other panel forming the second side of one angle.
Pour ce faire, le moule utilisé s'il conserve pour les autres côtés les types de Jonctions triangulaires eu arrondies aura obligatoirement une Jonction dite "carrée". (Ce type de jonction sera celui qui sera done employé pour les panneaux de démarrage des angles de mur. (voir fig. XI et
III
LE PANNEAU Â JONCTIONS DEBORDANTES SUR BsS QUATRE COTES
Comme il a été dit plus haut, il faut atiliser le moule
fig. XIV, et employer la même méthode de réalisation qle le panneau fabriqué avec l'utilisation du moule fig. III. Il faut noter cependant que cieux accessoires (fig.XIV - A et
XIV - B) sont absolument nécessaires0
L'élément A sert à partager en deux le panneau à Jonction débordante permettant ainsi de faire deux demis-panneaux (système du demi-parpaing) pour le démarrage d'un mur en vue que les parpaings d'une rangée donnée viennent se croiser avec ceux de la rangée suivante).To do this, the mold used if it retains for the other sides the types of triangular or rounded junctions will necessarily have a so-called "square" Junction. (This type of junction will be the one that will be used for the wall corner start panels. (See fig. XI and
III
THE PANEL WITH OVERFLOWING JUNCTIONS ON BSS FOUR SIDES
As mentioned above, you have to use the mold
fig. XIV, and use the same production method as the panel made with the use of the mold fig. III. It should be noted however that these accessories (fig.XIV - A and
XIV - B) are absolutely necessary0
Element A is used to divide the panel with an overhanging junction in two, thus making two half-panels (half-block system) for starting a wall in view of the breeze blocks of a given row crossing with those in the next row).
Quant à l'élément B, il sert à la même utilisation que ce qui est dit plus haut, pour le panneau de démarrage d'un mur de clôture. (fig. IX et XIII)
11 faut souligner qu'avec ce nouveau système de panneaux à jonctions débordantes, sur les quatre côtés,S'ouvre une nouvelle voie dans la construction.As for element B, it is used for the same use as what is said above, for the start panel of a fence wall. (fig. IX and XIII)
It should be noted that with this new system of panels with overflowing junctions, on all four sides, a new path is opening up in construction.
@ls peuvent entre employés au mEme titre que les parpaings et avec la même facilité, car, ils peuvent être fabriqués à la dimension souhaitée (bien que des dimensions standards seront bien entendu tetenues), et ils s'emboiteront les uns dans les autres. @ls can between employees in the same way as the concrete blocks and with the same ease, because, they can be manufactured to the desired dimension (although standard dimensions will of course be maintained), and they will fit into each other.
Ainsi, après avoir fait des fondations comme pour un mur en parpaings, on posera une première rangée de panneaux à jonc- tions débordantes, pais une seconde viendra croiser la première, et ainsi de suite jusqu'à la hauteur désirée. Thus, after having made the foundations as for a concrete block wall, we will lay a first row of panels with overhanging junctions, but a second will cross the first, and so on to the desired height.
FIGURES ANNEXEES APPENDIX FIGURES
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8113733A FR2538293B2 (en) | 1978-11-27 | 1981-07-09 | RELATED STONE PANEL |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7833511A FR2442119B1 (en) | 1978-11-27 | 1978-11-27 | THE PANEL IN RELATED STONES |
| FR8113733A FR2538293B2 (en) | 1978-11-27 | 1981-07-09 | RELATED STONE PANEL |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2538293A2 true FR2538293A2 (en) | 1984-06-29 |
| FR2538293B2 FR2538293B2 (en) | 1988-02-12 |
Family
ID=26220870
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8113733A Expired FR2538293B2 (en) | 1978-11-27 | 1981-07-09 | RELATED STONE PANEL |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2538293B2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2600581A1 (en) * | 1986-06-30 | 1987-12-31 | Dory Leopold | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR MANUFACTURING A BUILDING ELEMENT MIMITATING A STACK OF DRY STONES |
| US7934352B1 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2011-05-03 | Exterior Portfolio, Llc | Grooved foam backed panels |
| US8225568B1 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2012-07-24 | Exterior Portfolio, Llc | Backed building structure panel having grooved and ribbed surface |
| US8336269B1 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2012-12-25 | Exterior Portfolio Llc | Siding having facing and backing portion with grooved and ribbed backing portion surface |
| US8795813B2 (en) | 2011-02-22 | 2014-08-05 | Exterior Portfolio, Llc | Ribbed backed panels |
| US20190345715A1 (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2019-11-14 | South China University Of Technology | Regenerated block concrete prefabricated laminated slab and manufacturing process thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1809504A (en) * | 1927-10-11 | 1931-06-09 | Carvel Richard | Building construction |
| US1856906A (en) * | 1930-09-11 | 1932-05-03 | Carvel Richard | Building construction |
-
1981
- 1981-07-09 FR FR8113733A patent/FR2538293B2/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1809504A (en) * | 1927-10-11 | 1931-06-09 | Carvel Richard | Building construction |
| US1856906A (en) * | 1930-09-11 | 1932-05-03 | Carvel Richard | Building construction |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2600581A1 (en) * | 1986-06-30 | 1987-12-31 | Dory Leopold | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR MANUFACTURING A BUILDING ELEMENT MIMITATING A STACK OF DRY STONES |
| EP0251966A1 (en) * | 1986-06-30 | 1988-01-07 | Leopold Dory | Method and plant for the manufacture of a building element imitating an accumulation of dry stones |
| US7934352B1 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2011-05-03 | Exterior Portfolio, Llc | Grooved foam backed panels |
| US8225568B1 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2012-07-24 | Exterior Portfolio, Llc | Backed building structure panel having grooved and ribbed surface |
| US8336269B1 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2012-12-25 | Exterior Portfolio Llc | Siding having facing and backing portion with grooved and ribbed backing portion surface |
| US8555582B2 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2013-10-15 | Exterior Portfolio, Llc | Siding having facing and backing portion with grooved and ribbed backing portion surface |
| US8795813B2 (en) | 2011-02-22 | 2014-08-05 | Exterior Portfolio, Llc | Ribbed backed panels |
| US9428910B2 (en) | 2011-02-22 | 2016-08-30 | Royal Building Products (Usa) Inc. | Ribbed backed panels |
| US20190345715A1 (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2019-11-14 | South China University Of Technology | Regenerated block concrete prefabricated laminated slab and manufacturing process thereof |
| US10934710B2 (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2021-03-02 | South China University Of Technology | Prefabricated superimposed recycled lump concrete slab and construction method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2538293B2 (en) | 1988-02-12 |
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