FR2515801A1 - AIR COOLED LIQUID COOLING APPARATUS - Google Patents

Abstract

THE INVENTION RELATES TO AN AIR-COOLED LIQUID COOLING APPARATUS, WHICH INCLUDES A VERTICALLY EXTENDING TUBULAR BODY 1, CAPABLE OF INDUCING AN ASCENDING AIR CURRENT THROUGH IT, AN INLET 3 OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR AT THE END LOWER OF THE TUBULAR BODY, A HEAT EXCHANGER 5 LOCATED IN THE LOWER PART AND A TORCHER 2 INSTALLED IN THE UPPER PART OF THE TUBULAR BODY; THE EMISSIONS OF HEAT, LIGHT AND NOISE FROM THE FLAME OF TORCHER 2 ARE LIMITED BY THE WALL SURFACE OF THE UPPER PART OF THE TUBULAR BODY 1 SO THAT THEY CANNOT SPREAD DOWNWARDS OUTSIDE THE TUBULAR BODY , THE UPPER END OF WHICH IS OPEN TO ATMOSPHERIC AIR.

Description

251580 1

  The present invention relates to an air-cooled liquid cooling device. Air-cooled liquid cooling devices, such as

  that cooling towers and the like, are

  widely used in various industrial installations,

  commercial buildings and the like.

  Similarly, flares to burn and destroy without

  danger of combustible fluids are essential

  sand in petroleum refineries, chemical plants

0 and the like.

  In a factory that has these two types of equi-

  These have so far been installed and used

  read independently of one another They present res-

  the following disadvantages.

  Because a liquid cooler

  air-cooled, such as a cooling tower, is adapted to produce all or part of the draft

  required by convection resulting from the difference in den-

  sity of air, caused by the temperature difference between the atmospheric air inlet and the air outlet, a large-capacity liquid cooling device inevitably has an extremely large total height,

  that is, the apparatus forms a tall tower or

  born, as shown in Fig 1 The total height must be considerably increased when the capacity of

  cooling is increased In addition, great super

  is required for the construction of the tower and its

  foundations are tall In general, a cooling tower

  a natural draft type with a capacity for

  liquid cooling of around 10 000 t / h must have a total height of around 100 m and the diameter of

  its circular base is about 90 m so that the installation

  inevitably becomes gigantic in size.

  On the other hand, a flare, which is a device

  used to destroy combustible waste, which is in-

  dispensable in certain industrial installations,

  poses problems of semi-high construction costs

  blable to those of the cooling towers In addition, it

  is necessary to take special measures to pro-

  cover the surrounding environment to minimize

  harmful effects on the environment in the surrounding areas

  sines of the equipment and the industrial installation, harmful effects which can be caused by the light, the heat and the radiated noise. Therefore, it is necessary to install the flare in such a way that

  the flame is located as high as possible

  or send the combustible fluid to be burned to a flare which is located in an open area of the factory,

  using long pipes.

  Because the cooler of li-

  both air-cooled and the flare are both tall tower or chimney type structures and both need strong, wide foundations,

  large areas are necessary for the ins-

  each of them by examining the various corrective measures

  likely to reduce the construction costs of the plants

  nes, the inventors have discovered that if the air-cooled liquid cooling apparatus and the flare are both constructed as a unitary combination of the two types of equipment, in a factory which uses these two types of equipment not only solves the problems of the prior art but

  also, in some cases, the energy that would be other-

  wasted by the operation of the flare is effectively used as an energy source to induce

  a draft (vertical air flow) in the tower without use

  read other special mechanism used to induce a print,

  such as a fan, which results in a decrease

  important heights required of the two types of

  In other cases, the frames usually used to carry the flare become useless in the apparatus according to the invention because the body

  tubular liquid cooling device re-

  air-cooled can be used as the main structural support for the flare, Consequently, the area of the land required for the combined installation is reduced and the radiation of heat, light and

  noise around the periphery of the installation is

  duit, which allows to obtain advantages, such as

  the removal of limitations imposed for the pro-

  tection of the environment, with regard to em-

  placements where these two types of equipment can be installed.

  An object of the present invention is to realize

  ser an apparatus for cooling air-cooled liquids which comprises: a tubular body extending upwards to cause a draft (vertical current upwards) of atmospheric air, a part forming an inlet opening for atmospheric air formed at the lower end of the tubular body, a flare installed in the upper part of the tubular body, the light radiated by the flame of the flare being masked by the wall surface of the upper part of the tubular body, so that it is not directed

  down or out of the device and the outside

  upper part of the tubular body being open to atmospheric air. The heat exchanger used in the air-cooled liquid cooling apparatus may be of the direct contact exchange type, the indirect contact type or the indirect contact type in which the

  external surface of the exchanger is sprayed with water.

  In addition, the circumferential wall of the tubular body can be used as a wet wall type heat exchanger. The wet wall in this case serves to protect the circumferential wall in the upper part of the tubular body from the effects of radiation.

  generated by the flame of the flare We easily form-

  the wet wall, for example, by increasing the

  amount of water flowing down into the tubular body.

  Although the total height of the tubular body can be reduced

  due to the fact that the draft is increased by the current of hot gases

  directed upwards produced by the flame of the flare, one can dimi-

  further alter the total height of the tubular body by installing a ventilation

  lator at the atmospheric air inlet opening located at the end

lower part of the tubular body.

  In the air-cooled liquid cooling apparatus according to the present invention, a free water surface for spraying water, such as an overflowing gutter 1 is arranged, if necessary, on the

  upper surface of the heat exchanger to protect

  manage the lining contained in the lower part of the tubular body, of the radiation produced by the flame of

the flare.

  Radiation heat protection means

  born by the flare of the flare allow to lower the position of the flare of the flare, which contributes

  thus a decrease in the total height of the device.

  The part of the surface of the inner wall of the tubular body which receives the heat radiated by the flame

  of the flare may be coated with a refractory material

  re, so that this coated surface can safely

  You must keep it at a high temperature to heat the air that flows in contact with it, which allows the part that receives the radiation to contribute to

  increasing the drawing power.

  If necessary, the inner wall surface of the tubular body which receives the radiant heat produced by the flame can be formed so as to present a horizontally wavy surface, having surface portions inclined upwards, serving to reflect the radiation upwards. In order to be able to cope with a sudden increase in the load of the flare, it is possible, as required, to install a safety hatch on the wall surface of the tubular body, between the lubrication layer or the upper end of the exchanger of heat, and the lower end of the flame The safety flap operates so that it only opens inwards when the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the tubular body exceeds a chosen value, by so as to admit additional ambient air to reduce the risk of overheating of the upper part of the tubular body

adjacent to the flare.

  In the apparatus according to the present invention, the ratio between the higher calorific value or heat production rate (in kcal / h) of the flare flame and the amount of water to be cooled (in t / h) must be less than 50,000 when a forced draft is not used, while this ratio must be less than 100,000 when the surface of the inner wall of the tubular body has means to protect it from the radiation of the flame The inner diameter (in meters) of the open upper end of the tubular body must be greater than 40 times the diameter (in

  meters) from the flame burner of the nozzle when a

  Forced age is not used, while the first diameter

  be mentioned must be greater than 20 times the second diameter mentioned when protection means against flame radiation are used To avoid the effects of radiant heat on the lining layer or on the upper end of the heat exchanger , the distance (in meters) between the torch flame burner and the lining layer or the upper end of the heat exchanger should be more than 40 times the diameter (in meters) of the nozzle flame burner when a forced draw

  is not used, and this distance should be greater than

  less than 20 times this diameter when means of protection against flame radiation are provided

  on the filling layer or on the upper surface

re from the heat exchanger.

  To prevent the passage of light radiation and noise generated by the flare of the flare, the relationship between the numerical values of the sum of a length of the flame 1 (m) and the vertical distance

  Ho (m) between the flame burner and the upper end

  re of the heat exchanger or the lining cap, and the numerical value of the higher calorific value per hour QH (kcal / h) of the flare flame, must be the following HO + l>, 0.002 f QT When means of protection against flame radiation are installed on the upper end of the heat exchanger or on the lining layer, the relationship must be as follows HO + I>, O Oi H Several flame burners can be provided in the flare to prevent uneven distribution

  rising air flow in the tubular body.

  In the usual flares, it is not important to improve the combustion condition of the

  flame, and it is extremely important to prevent the

  combustion release In the apparatus according to the present invention, however, the condition of combustion of the flame is improved, so that combustion is used directly as a means to increase the upward air flow in the tubular body. combustion conditions, a mechanism is added, if necessary, which supplies, for example, both primary and secondary air to the burner

  flame, to produce more complete combustion.

  Other features and advantages of the

  vention will emerge from the description which follows,

  given by way of nonlimiting example and with reference to the appended drawings in which:

  Fig l is a schematic view in vertical section

  hold of a conventional cooling tower;

  Fig 2 is a schematic view in vertical section

  wedge, of a cooling tower according to the invention in the center of which is installed a flare; and

  Fig 3 is a schematic view, in vertical section

  wedge, of a second embodiment of the invention.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a flame burner 2 is arranged in the upper central part of a tubular body 1. The tubular body l can, for example, have the same shape as the natural draft cooling towers of the type says hyperbolic which

  are widely used in power plants.

  The tubular body can be made of concrete. It preferably has a circular cross-section and its diameter decreases progressively from the bottom up. The flame burner 2 is carried in the center of the tubular body l by a vertical frame made, for example , in

  structural steel Emissions from the flame, to its-

  see the light radiation, the heat radiation

  and noise, are limited to the inside of the tubular body

  re l in all directions except upwards A part 3 of atmospheric air intake is provided at

  the lower end of the tubular body 1 The air atmos-

  spherical flows upwards inside the tubular body and it comes into contact with the liquid, for example water, which descends in the tubular body 1 in a lining layer 4 and in a space 5 located below the filling layer, so that the water

  is cooled by evaporative cooling pro-

  voided by contact with air The air then flows upwards through the tubular body 1 The ascending flow of atmospheric air is accelerated because the rise of the hot gaseous products of the combustion of the flame in the upper part of the tubular body, induces an ascending air flow from the base of the tubular body 1 The cooled water is collected in the collecting tank or basin 6, from which it is distributed at the locations where the cooled water should be used. A two-stage water distribution system, formed by a network 8 of gutters, distributes the incoming water so that it is spread approximately evenly over the top of the lining layer 4 The water to be cooled is introduced into the network 8 of gutters by an inlet duct (not shown) The lining layer 4 can be of any suitable construction of the type usually used in cooling towers Its role is to provide a large useful surface of water for contact with air

flowing upwards.

  Fig 3 shows a second embodiment

  tion of the invention, according to which the cooling tower

  There are several flame burners 2 arranged in the upper part of the appliance. It will be noted that

  the burners are carried by the sides of the tubular body

  re 1, and that no support frame is used for

  wear the burners A spray tube 7 is inserted

  designed to spray water on the internal wall of the tubular body above the flames, so as to protect the internal wall of the tubular body The network 8 of two-stage water distribution gutters is installed so as to provide a surface of free water to protect the lining layer 4 from the heat radiated by the flame The tubular body has

  security hatches 9, as described above.

  The main advantages that result from em-

  operation of the coolant

  di by air according to the present invention are the following reduction in construction costs; reduction of the area required for installation; construction

  less expensive; preservation of the environment; soul-

  security enhancement; efficient use of e-

  energy released by the flame; and improvements therein

  concerning maintenance and operating conditions.

Claims (7)

  1 Liquid cooling device   air-cooled, characterized in that it has a body   tubular (1) extending upwards, vertically al-   skirted, which is open at its apex and is capable of pro-   draw a natural draft by convection of atmospheric air passing through it from bottom to top, the tubular body having   an air intake part (3) at its lower end   re to admit atmospheric air into the lower end of the tubular body; a packing assembly (4) disposed inside the tubular body (1) above the air intake portion and providing a large   useful surface of liquid to put the practical liquid -   uniformly in contact with atmospheric air ad-   put into the tubular body through the inlet part   air flow, so that the liquid is cooled by evaporative cooling caused by contact   with air; a liquid distribution network (8)   placed inside the tubular body (1) above   the packing assembly (4) for spreading the regulated liquid   smoothly on top of the packing assembly; flare means (s) disposed inside the tubular body and having flame burner means (2) disposed inside the tubular body in the upper part thereof, so that the flame (or the flames) means (2) forming a flame burner (s) is (or are) limited inside the tubular body (1).   2 air-cooled water cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises means (7) for spraying liquid on the internal wall of the tubular body (1) above the means   (2) forming a flame burner (s), in order to wet the surface   internal king of the tubular body (1).   3 air-cooled water cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises means (9) forming hatch (s) provided in the tubular body (1) above the distribution network (8) liquid and below the means (2) forming burner (s)   flame, these means forming hatch (s) opening automatically   when the pressure difference between the ambient air outside the tubular body (1) and the air at   the inside of the tubular body exceeds a predefined value   tarnished, so as to admit a greater quantity   atmospheric air in the tubular body.   4 air-cooled water cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that   the tubular body (1) is a cross-section chimney   circular versal whose diameter decreases gradually-   towards its upper end.   5 air-cooled water cooling apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the flare means (2) consist of a single flare disposed in the central region of the tubular body (1) and comprising a vertical frame for carry said flare.   6 air-cooled water cooling device according to claim 4, characterized in that   the flare means (s) comprise several torches   expensive (2) carried by the tubular body (1), and arranged   at approximately uniformly circumferential locations   preferentially spaced within said body.   7 air-cooled water cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid is water.