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EP0062591B1 - Liquid heating device - Google Patents

Liquid heating device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0062591B1
EP0062591B1 EP82400635A EP82400635A EP0062591B1 EP 0062591 B1 EP0062591 B1 EP 0062591B1 EP 82400635 A EP82400635 A EP 82400635A EP 82400635 A EP82400635 A EP 82400635A EP 0062591 B1 EP0062591 B1 EP 0062591B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
combustion chamber
heating
heated
box
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82400635A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0062591A1 (en
Inventor
Alain Thouault
Claude Chapuis
Georges Austruy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Engie SA
Original Assignee
Gaz de France SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gaz de France SA filed Critical Gaz de France SA
Publication of EP0062591A1 publication Critical patent/EP0062591A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0062591B1 publication Critical patent/EP0062591B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F23C3/004—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber being arranged for submerged combustion

Definitions

  • the present invention essentially relates to a device for heating industrial liquids in situ.
  • a number of means have already been proposed for heating industrial liquids in situ with combustible gas.
  • the heating can for example be carried out by means of special arrangements provided inside the tank containing the liquid to be heated.
  • special arrangements are fixed, often pose problems of upkeep and maintenance, and generally have a noticeable bulk for most often mediocre yields.
  • boilers comprising a combustion chamber surrounded by a jacket and traversed by water circulation tubes opening into said jacket.
  • the tubes of the boiler in question are arranged obliquely and this is a conventional boiler for central heating of dwellings.
  • a device for heating any liquid of the type comprising a sealed box forming a heating unit immersible in the liquid to be heated and comprising side walls, a bottom wall and a top wall which form at least in part a combustion chamber with which is associated a burner, characterized by one or more channels passing tightly through and through the combustion chamber between said bottom and top walls, and opening at their upper ends and low in the liquid to be heated to allow an upward circulation by thermosyphon of this liquid.
  • grids are arranged around the channels passing through the box to create jets of hot gas around them.
  • the combustion chamber is associated with a premange and homo chamber.
  • fuel generation which contains one or more distribution grids of this fuel before combustion.
  • a heating device essentially comprises a compact heating assembly 1 which is in the form of a box 2, preferably parallelepipedal, and entirely submerged in the liquid to be heated 3.
  • This liquid can for example be an industrial liquid contained in a tank (not shown). We have only shown at 4 the level of this liquid 3 in FIG. 2.
  • the heating unit or box 2 has six walls forming as many exchange surfaces and one of which 2a is provided with pipes opening above the level 4 of liquid 3, as can be seen in FIG. 2. More precisely , the supply of fuel-oxidant air gas, in a substantially stoichiometric quantity, takes place via a pipe 5 opening into a chamber 6 for premixing and homogenizing the fuel, as can be seen better in FIGS. 2 and 3. Another pipe 7 visible in FIG. 1 allows the passage of the electrical ignition and safety connections of the burner. Finally, the cold burnt gases are discharged through a third pipe 8 which opens into the combustion chamber 9.
  • channels 10 can have any shape in cross section, for example circular or polygonal, as can be seen in Figure 3. They allow the circulation, by thermosiphon, of the surrounding liquid 3 as is material. read by arrows in FIG. 2.
  • vertical channels 10 advantageously increase the external exchange surface formed by the walls of the box 2.
  • the exchange surface in question can be further increased by providing metal fins or the like 11 around the channels 10, as shown for example in FIG. 6.
  • the part of the box 2 containing the flame and forming combustion chamber 9 preferably comprises means creating turbulence of hot gas inside this chamber to give the heating unit 1 good performance with a minimum of space.
  • These means can be arbitrary and arranged in any way in the combustion chamber 9. Thus they can for example be constituted by grids 12 arranged around the channels 10, as seen in FIG. 5. Consequently, the grids 12 will favor the formation of jets of hot gas directed towards the exchange walls produced by the channels 10.
  • the premix chamber 6 advantageously contains one or more grids 13 suitably arranged inside thereof so as to achieve an ideal distribution of the gaseous mixture arriving via line 5.
  • This grid 14 which is seen on a larger scale in FIG. 4 is preferably consisting of a metal plate pierced with one or more networks of holes 15, which plate is formed of several sheets, sheets, metallic fabrics, or the like 16 superimposed, assembled, and themselves pierced with holes, as for example described in French Patent No. 2,063,803 belonging to the plaintiff.
  • Such a grid 14 advantageously makes it possible to obtain a high combustion intensity which can lead to heating powers of up to 2 kW / cm 2 .
  • a gas burner with high combustion intensity has therefore been produced according to the invention and associated with a combustion chamber so as to form a very compact, removable, versatile heating unit which can very easily be immersed in a tank containing a liquid to heat whatever, using a winch for example.
  • the heating block according to the invention makes it possible to reach a heating power ranging from 1,000 to 2,000 kW / m 3 occupied, and that the yields obtained with this block are approximately 20% higher than those liquid heating systems used to date.
  • the means 12 creating turbulence in the combustion chamber 9 can have any structure and arrangement inside thereof, the number and structure of the distribution grids in the premix chamber 6 can also be any number, and any number and shape can also be provided for the vertical channels 10 in the combustion chamber formed inside the metal box 2. Likewise, this box can have a shape other than parallelepiped.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Commercial Cooking Devices (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)

Description

La présente invention a essentiellement pour objet un dispositif de chauffage des liquides industriels in situ.The present invention essentially relates to a device for heating industrial liquids in situ.

On a déjà proposé un certain nombre de moyens pour chauffer des liquides industriels in situ par du gaz combustible. Le chauffage peut par exemple être réalisé grâce à des aménagements spéciaux prévus à l'intérieur de la cuve contenant le liquide à chauffer. Mais de tels aménagements sont fixes, posent souvent des problèmes d'entretien et de maintenance, et présentent généralement un encombrement notable pour des rendements le plus souvent médiocres.A number of means have already been proposed for heating industrial liquids in situ with combustible gas. The heating can for example be carried out by means of special arrangements provided inside the tank containing the liquid to be heated. However, such arrangements are fixed, often pose problems of upkeep and maintenance, and generally have a noticeable bulk for most often mediocre yields.

Si l'on se reporte au brevet américain no 3.051.162 on connaît également des dispositifs de chauffage indépendants et immergeables dans un liquide à chauffer contenu dans une cuve.If we refer to US Patent No. 3,051,162, independent heating devices are also known which can be immersed in a liquid to be heated contained in a tank.

Mais ces dispositifs comportent des surfaces d'échange limitées aux parois externes de la chaudière, de sorte que si l'on veut chauffer une masse importante et étendue de liquide, celui-ci ne peut pas être totalement chauffé d'une manière convenable et homogène.However, these devices have exchange surfaces limited to the external walls of the boiler, so that if a large and extensive mass of liquid is to be heated, it cannot be completely heated in a suitable and homogeneous manner. .

D'un autre côté, et comme cela est écrit par exemple dans le brevet belge no 665 713, on connaît des chaudières comprenant une chambre de combustion entourée par une chemise et traversée par des tubes à circulation d'eau débouchant dans ladite chemise. Les tubes de la chaudière en question sont disposés obliquement et il s'agit là d'une chaudière classique pour chauffage central des habitations.On the other hand, and as is written, for example, in Belgian Patent No. 665,713, boilers are known comprising a combustion chamber surrounded by a jacket and traversed by water circulation tubes opening into said jacket. The tubes of the boiler in question are arranged obliquely and this is a conventional boiler for central heating of dwellings.

Jusqu'à présent, il n'a donc jamais été proposé une chaudière immergeable dans un liquide et dont la chambre de combustion comporte des tubes augmentant la surface d'échange et permettant au liquide à chauffer de traverser de part en part la chaudière pour permettre une circulation par thermosiphon et un mouvement de brassage de ce liquide qui peut ainsi être convenablement chauffé en totalité. La présente invention a donc pour but de combler cette lacune.Up to now, it has never been proposed a boiler submersible in a liquid and whose combustion chamber comprises tubes increasing the exchange surface and allowing the liquid to be heated to pass right through the boiler to allow a circulation by thermosiphon and a stirring movement of this liquid which can thus be suitably heated in its entirety. The present invention therefore aims to fill this gap.

A cet effet, elle a pour objet un dispositif de chauffage d'un liquide quelconque, de type comprenant un caisson étanche formant unité chauffante immergeable dans le liquide à chauffer et comportant des parois latérales, une paroi de fond et une paroi de sommet qui forment au moins en partie une chambre de combustion à laquelle est associé un brûleur, caractérisé par un ou plusieurs canaux traversant de façon étanche et de part en part la chambre de combustion entre lesdites parois de fond et de sommet, et débouchant par leurs extrémités haute et basse dans le liquide à chauffer pour permettre une circulation ascendante par thermosiphon de ce liquide.To this end, it relates to a device for heating any liquid, of the type comprising a sealed box forming a heating unit immersible in the liquid to be heated and comprising side walls, a bottom wall and a top wall which form at least in part a combustion chamber with which is associated a burner, characterized by one or more channels passing tightly through and through the combustion chamber between said bottom and top walls, and opening at their upper ends and low in the liquid to be heated to allow an upward circulation by thermosyphon of this liquid.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, des grilles sont agencées autour des canaux traversant le caisson pour créer des jets de gaz chaud autour de ceux-ci.According to another characteristic of the invention, grids are arranged around the channels passing through the box to create jets of hot gas around them.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, à la chambre de combustion est associée une chambre de premefange et d'homo. généisation du combustible qui renferme une ou plusieurs grilles de répartition de ce combustible avant combustion.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the combustion chamber is associated with a premange and homo chamber. fuel generation which contains one or more distribution grids of this fuel before combustion.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront mieux dans la description détaillée qui suit et se réfère aux dessins annexés, donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple, et dans lesquels :

  • La figure 1 est une vue très schématique en perspective d'un dispositif de chauffage immergeable conforme à l'invention.
  • La figure 2 est une vue en élévation et coupe verticale de ce dispositif, suivant la ligne II-II de la figure 3.
  • La figure 3 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne III-III de la figure 2.
  • La figure 4 est une vue partielle et en perspective d'un exemple de grille de stabilisation de flamme.
  • La figure 5 est une vue partielle en perspective d'un canal traversant la chambre de combustion et auquel est associé un moyen provoquant des turbulences de gaz chaud ; et
  • La figure 6 est une vue partielle en perspective d'un canal avec ailettes.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear better in the detailed description which follows and which refers to the appended drawings, given solely by way of example, and in which:
  • Figure 1 is a very schematic perspective view of a submersible heating device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a view in elevation and vertical section of this device, along the line II-II of FIG. 3.
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view along line III-III of Figure 2.
  • Figure 4 is a partial perspective view of an example of a flame stabilization grid.
  • Figure 5 is a partial perspective view of a channel through the combustion chamber and which is associated with a means causing turbulence of hot gas; and
  • Figure 6 is a partial perspective view of a channel with fins.

Selon un exemple de réalisation, et en se reportant aux dessins annexés, un dispositif de chauffage conforme à l'invention comprend essentiellement un ensemble chauffant compact 1 qui se présente sous la forme d'un caisson 2, de préférence parallélépipédique, et entièrement immergeable dans le liquide à chauffer 3. Ce liquide peut être par exemple un liquide industriel contenu dans une cuve (non représentée). On a seulement montré en 4 le niveau de ce liquide 3 sur la figure 2.According to an exemplary embodiment, and with reference to the accompanying drawings, a heating device according to the invention essentially comprises a compact heating assembly 1 which is in the form of a box 2, preferably parallelepipedal, and entirely submerged in the liquid to be heated 3. This liquid can for example be an industrial liquid contained in a tank (not shown). We have only shown at 4 the level of this liquid 3 in FIG. 2.

L'unité chauffante ou caisson 2 comporte six parois formant autant de surfaces d'échange et dont l'une 2a est munie de conduites débouchant au-dessus du niveau 4 de liquide 3, comme on le voit bien sur la figure 2. Plus précisément, l'alimentation en gaz combustible-air comburant, en quantité sensiblement stoechiométrique s'effectue par une conduite 5 débouchant dans une chambre 6 de prémélange et d'homogénéisation du combustible, comme on le voit mieux sur les figures 2 et 3. Une autre conduite 7 visible sur la figure 1 permet le passage des liaisons électriques d'allumage et de sécurité du brûleur. Enfin, les gaz brûlés froids sont évacués par une troisième conduite 8 qui débouche dans la chambre de combustion 9.The heating unit or box 2 has six walls forming as many exchange surfaces and one of which 2a is provided with pipes opening above the level 4 of liquid 3, as can be seen in FIG. 2. More precisely , the supply of fuel-oxidant air gas, in a substantially stoichiometric quantity, takes place via a pipe 5 opening into a chamber 6 for premixing and homogenizing the fuel, as can be seen better in FIGS. 2 and 3. Another pipe 7 visible in FIG. 1 allows the passage of the electrical ignition and safety connections of the burner. Finally, the cold burnt gases are discharged through a third pipe 8 which opens into the combustion chamber 9.

Comme il apparaît clairement sur les figures 2 et 3, la partie du caisson 2 formant chambre de combustion 9 est traversée de façon étanche par un ou plusieurs canaux tels que 10. Ces canaux 10 peuvent présenter une forme quelconque en section transversale, par exemple circulaire ou polygonale, comme on le voit bien sur la figure 3. Ils permettent la circulation, par thermosiphon, du liquide environnant 3 comme cela est matérialisé par des flèches sur la figure 2. En outre, on comprend que de tels canaux verticaux 10 augmentent avantageusement la surface d'échange extérieure constituée par les parois du caisson 2.As it clearly appears in FIGS. 2 and 3, the part of the box 2 forming a combustion chamber 9 is crossed in leaktight fashion by one or more channels such as 10. These channels 10 can have any shape in cross section, for example circular or polygonal, as can be seen in Figure 3. They allow the circulation, by thermosiphon, of the surrounding liquid 3 as is material. read by arrows in FIG. 2. In addition, it is understood that such vertical channels 10 advantageously increase the external exchange surface formed by the walls of the box 2.

La surface d'échange en question peut encore être augmentée par la prévision d'ailettes ou analogues métalliques 11 autour des canaux 10, comme on l'a montré par exemple sur la figure 6.The exchange surface in question can be further increased by providing metal fins or the like 11 around the channels 10, as shown for example in FIG. 6.

La partie du caisson 2 contenant la flamme et formant chambre de combustion 9 comporte de préférence des moyens créant des turbulences de gaz chaud à l'intérieur de cette chambre pour conférer à l'unité chauffante 1 de bonnes performances avec un minimum d'encombrement. Ces moyens peuvent être quelconques et agencés d'une manière quelconque dans la chambre de combustion 9. C'est ainsi qu'ils peuvent être par exemple constitués par des grilles 12 aménagées autour des canaux 10, comme on le voit sur la figure 5. Dès lors, les grilles 12 favoriseront la formation de jets de gaz chaud dirigés vers les parois d'échange réalisées par les canaux 10.The part of the box 2 containing the flame and forming combustion chamber 9 preferably comprises means creating turbulence of hot gas inside this chamber to give the heating unit 1 good performance with a minimum of space. These means can be arbitrary and arranged in any way in the combustion chamber 9. Thus they can for example be constituted by grids 12 arranged around the channels 10, as seen in FIG. 5. Consequently, the grids 12 will favor the formation of jets of hot gas directed towards the exchange walls produced by the channels 10.

La chambre de prémélange 6 renferme avantageusement une ou plusieurs grilles 13 agencées d'une manière appropriée à l'intérieur de celle-ci de manière à réaliser une répartition idéale du mélange gazeux arrivant par la conduite 5.The premix chamber 6 advantageously contains one or more grids 13 suitably arranged inside thereof so as to achieve an ideal distribution of the gaseous mixture arriving via line 5.

On a montré en 14 une grille de stabilisation de flamme séparant la chambre 6 de prémélange et de répartition du combustible gazeux, de la chambre de combustion 9. Cette grille 14, que l'on voit à plus grande échelle sur la figure 4 est de préférence constituée d'une plaque métallique percée d'un ou plusieurs réseaux de trous 15, laquelle plaque est formée de plusieurs tôles, feuilles, tissus métalliques, ou analogues 16 superposés, assemblés, et eux-mêmes percés de trous, comme par exemple décrit dans le brevet français no 2 063 803 appartenant à la demanderesse. Une telle grille 14 permet avantageusement' de procurer une haute intensité de combustion pouvant conduire à des puissances de chauffe allant jusqu'à 2 kW/cmz. There has been shown at 14 a flame stabilization grid separating the chamber 6 for premixing and distribution of the gaseous fuel, from the combustion chamber 9. This grid 14, which is seen on a larger scale in FIG. 4 is preferably consisting of a metal plate pierced with one or more networks of holes 15, which plate is formed of several sheets, sheets, metallic fabrics, or the like 16 superimposed, assembled, and themselves pierced with holes, as for example described in French Patent No. 2,063,803 belonging to the plaintiff. Such a grid 14 advantageously makes it possible to obtain a high combustion intensity which can lead to heating powers of up to 2 kW / cm 2 .

On a donc réalisé suivant l'invention un brûleur à gaz à haute intensité de combustion et associé à une chambre de combustion de façon à former une unité chauffante très compacte, amovible, polyvalente et pouvant très facilement être plongée dans une cuve contenant un liquide à chauffer quelconque, au moyen d'un treuil par exemple.A gas burner with high combustion intensity has therefore been produced according to the invention and associated with a combustion chamber so as to form a very compact, removable, versatile heating unit which can very easily be immersed in a tank containing a liquid to heat whatever, using a winch for example.

On notera encore ici que le bloc chauffant selon l'invention permet d'atteindre une puissance de chauffe allant de 1 000 à 2 000 kW/m3 occupé, et que les rendements obtenus avec ce bloc sont supérieurs d'environ 20% à ceux des installations de chauffage de liquide utiliées jusqu'à présent.It will also be noted here that the heating block according to the invention makes it possible to reach a heating power ranging from 1,000 to 2,000 kW / m 3 occupied, and that the yields obtained with this block are approximately 20% higher than those liquid heating systems used to date.

Par ailleurs, les moyens 12 créant une turbulence dans la chambre de combustion 9 peuvent avoir une structure et un agencement quelconques à l'intérieur de celle-ci, le nombre et la structure des grilles de répartition dans la chambre de prémélange 6 peuvent également être quelconques, et on peut prévoir aussi un nombre et une forme quelconques pour les canaux verticaux 10 dans la chambre de combustion formée à l'intérieur du caisson métallique 2. De même, ce caisson peut présenter une forme autre que parallélépipédique.Furthermore, the means 12 creating turbulence in the combustion chamber 9 can have any structure and arrangement inside thereof, the number and structure of the distribution grids in the premix chamber 6 can also be any number, and any number and shape can also be provided for the vertical channels 10 in the combustion chamber formed inside the metal box 2. Likewise, this box can have a shape other than parallelepiped.

Claims (3)

1. Device for heating any liquid, of the type including a fluid-right box 2 constituting a heating unit immersible into the liquid 3 to be heated and including lateral walls, a bottom wall and a top wall 2a which constitute at least partially a combustion chamber 9 with which is associated a burner, characterized by one or several passageways 10 traversing in a fluid-tight manner and from side to side the combustion chamber 9 between the said bottom and top walls 2a and opening at their upper and lower ends into the liquid to be heated 3 to allow an ascending thermosyphon circulation of the said liquid.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that grates 12 are arranged around the passageways 10 traversing the box so as to create, hot-gas jets around the latter.
3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that there is associated with the combustion chamber 9 a fuel premixing and homogenizing chamber 6 which contains one or sereral grids 13 for distributing the said fuel prior combustion.
EP82400635A 1981-04-08 1982-04-06 Liquid heating device Expired EP0062591B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8107059A FR2503837A1 (en) 1981-04-08 1981-04-08 DEVICE FOR HEATING LIQUIDS
FR8107059 1981-04-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0062591A1 EP0062591A1 (en) 1982-10-13
EP0062591B1 true EP0062591B1 (en) 1985-06-05

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EP82400635A Expired EP0062591B1 (en) 1981-04-08 1982-04-06 Liquid heating device

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US (1) US4425902A (en)
EP (1) EP0062591B1 (en)
CA (1) CA1178147A (en)
DE (2) DE3264014D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8304287A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2503837A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4651714A (en) * 1984-10-18 1987-03-24 A. D. Smith Corporation High efficiency water heater
US6823861B1 (en) * 2003-09-15 2004-11-30 Kenneth Ragan Self contained pond heater
EP2593006B1 (en) 2010-07-16 2013-12-04 Csem Sa Method and apparatus for the non-invasive measurement of pulse transit times (ptt)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE665713A (en) *
GB669975A (en) * 1947-05-05 1952-04-09 Alec Joseph Skinner Improvements in heaters for heating liquids in tanks, for heating ovens, and for like purposes
DE942656C (en) * 1951-05-18 1956-05-03 Gewerk Keramchemie Immersion torch
US3051162A (en) * 1958-12-10 1962-08-28 Harry J Porter Submersible heater
FR2063803A5 (en) * 1969-10-31 1971-07-09 Gaz De France

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ES511347A0 (en) 1983-02-16
CA1178147A (en) 1984-11-20
FR2503837B1 (en) 1985-05-24
DE62591T1 (en) 1983-05-11
FR2503837A1 (en) 1982-10-15
US4425902A (en) 1984-01-17
DE3264014D1 (en) 1985-07-11
EP0062591A1 (en) 1982-10-13
ES8304287A1 (en) 1983-02-16

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