FR2578532B1 - Procede et installation de production d'azote - Google Patents
Procede et installation de production d'azoteInfo
- Publication number
- FR2578532B1 FR2578532B1 FR8503515A FR8503515A FR2578532B1 FR 2578532 B1 FR2578532 B1 FR 2578532B1 FR 8503515 A FR8503515 A FR 8503515A FR 8503515 A FR8503515 A FR 8503515A FR 2578532 B1 FR2578532 B1 FR 2578532B1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- plant
- nitrogen
- production
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04254—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using the cold stored in external cryogenic fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/04321—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of oxygen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
- F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/20—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in an elevated pressure multiple column system wherein the lowest pressure column is at a pressure well above the minimum pressure needed to overcome pressure drop to reject the products to atmosphere
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/50—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using multiple (re-)boiler-condensers at different heights of the column
- F25J2200/54—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using multiple (re-)boiler-condensers at different heights of the column in the low pressure column of a double pressure main column system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
- F25J2235/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being nitrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
- F25J2245/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being nitrogen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
- Y10S62/912—External refrigeration system
- Y10S62/913—Liquified gas
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8503515A FR2578532B1 (fr) | 1985-03-11 | 1985-03-11 | Procede et installation de production d'azote |
IT19622/86A IT1191980B (it) | 1985-03-11 | 1986-03-04 | Procedimento e impianto di produzione di azoto sotto pressione |
DE3606967A DE3606967C2 (de) | 1985-03-11 | 1986-03-04 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stickstoff unter Druck und Anlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
NL8600582A NL8600582A (nl) | 1985-03-11 | 1986-03-06 | Werkwijze en inrichting voor de vorming van stikstof onder druk. |
US06/837,049 US4717410A (en) | 1985-03-11 | 1986-03-06 | Process and installation for producing nitrogen under pressure |
BE0/216376A BE904366A (fr) | 1985-03-11 | 1986-03-07 | Procede et installation de production d'azote sous pression. |
AU54406/86A AU584174B2 (en) | 1985-03-11 | 1986-03-07 | Process and installation for producing nitrogen under pressure |
ES552844A ES8800112A1 (es) | 1985-03-11 | 1986-03-10 | Procedimiento de produccion de nitrogeno a una presion llamada alta presion |
NO860874A NO167167C (no) | 1985-03-11 | 1986-03-10 | Fremgangsmaate og anlegg til fremstilling av nitrogen ved et hoeyt trykk. |
JP61050711A JPH0731003B2 (ja) | 1985-03-11 | 1986-03-10 | 高圧下で窒素を製造する方法および装置 |
CA000503741A CA1298777C (fr) | 1985-03-11 | 1986-03-11 | Procede et installation de production d'azote sous pression |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8503515A FR2578532B1 (fr) | 1985-03-11 | 1985-03-11 | Procede et installation de production d'azote |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2578532A1 FR2578532A1 (fr) | 1986-09-12 |
FR2578532B1 true FR2578532B1 (fr) | 1990-05-04 |
Family
ID=9317050
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR8503515A Expired - Lifetime FR2578532B1 (fr) | 1985-03-11 | 1985-03-11 | Procede et installation de production d'azote |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4717410A (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH0731003B2 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU584174B2 (fr) |
BE (1) | BE904366A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA1298777C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3606967C2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES8800112A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2578532B1 (fr) |
IT (1) | IT1191980B (fr) |
NL (1) | NL8600582A (fr) |
NO (1) | NO167167C (fr) |
Families Citing this family (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4957524A (en) * | 1989-05-15 | 1990-09-18 | Union Carbide Corporation | Air separation process with improved reboiler liquid cleaning circuit |
US5058387A (en) * | 1989-07-05 | 1991-10-22 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Process to ultrapurify liquid nitrogen imported as back-up for nitrogen generating plants |
FR2665755B1 (fr) * | 1990-08-07 | 1993-06-18 | Air Liquide | Appareil de production d'azote. |
US5098457A (en) * | 1991-01-22 | 1992-03-24 | Union Carbide Industrial Gases Technology Corporation | Method and apparatus for producing elevated pressure nitrogen |
US5197296A (en) * | 1992-01-21 | 1993-03-30 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Cryogenic rectification system for producing elevated pressure product |
FR2699992B1 (fr) * | 1992-12-30 | 1995-02-10 | Air Liquide | Procédé et installation de production d'oxygène gazeux sous pression. |
US5303556A (en) * | 1993-01-21 | 1994-04-19 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Single column cryogenic rectification system for producing nitrogen gas at elevated pressure and high purity |
US5355682A (en) * | 1993-09-15 | 1994-10-18 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Cryogenic air separation process producing elevated pressure nitrogen by pumped liquid nitrogen |
US5355681A (en) * | 1993-09-23 | 1994-10-18 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Air separation schemes for oxygen and nitrogen coproduction as gas and/or liquid products |
US5402647A (en) * | 1994-03-25 | 1995-04-04 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Cryogenic rectification system for producing elevated pressure nitrogen |
US5678425A (en) * | 1996-06-07 | 1997-10-21 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Method and apparatus for producing liquid products from air in various proportions |
US5682762A (en) * | 1996-10-01 | 1997-11-04 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Process to produce high pressure nitrogen using a high pressure column and one or more lower pressure columns |
DE19735154A1 (de) * | 1996-10-30 | 1998-05-07 | Linde Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung von Druckstickstoff |
US5740683A (en) * | 1997-03-27 | 1998-04-21 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Cryogenic rectification regenerator system |
US5934104A (en) * | 1998-06-02 | 1999-08-10 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Multiple column nitrogen generators with oxygen coproduction |
DE19902255A1 (de) * | 1999-01-21 | 2000-07-27 | Linde Tech Gase Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung von Druckstickstoff |
US6330812B2 (en) | 2000-03-02 | 2001-12-18 | Robert Anthony Mostello | Method and apparatus for producing nitrogen from air by cryogenic distillation |
GB0119500D0 (en) * | 2001-08-09 | 2001-10-03 | Boc Group Inc | Nitrogen generation |
EP1300640A1 (fr) * | 2001-10-04 | 2003-04-09 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé et dispositif de production d'azote ultra-pur par séparation cryogénique d'air |
US6499312B1 (en) | 2001-12-04 | 2002-12-31 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Cryogenic rectification system for producing high purity nitrogen |
US6494060B1 (en) | 2001-12-04 | 2002-12-17 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Cryogenic rectification system for producing high purity nitrogen using high pressure turboexpansion |
US6568208B1 (en) * | 2002-05-03 | 2003-05-27 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | System and method for introducing low pressure reflux to a high pressure column without a pump |
US8991209B2 (en) | 2010-12-13 | 2015-03-31 | L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Process and installation for producing high-pressure nitrogen |
US9097459B2 (en) | 2011-08-17 | 2015-08-04 | Air Liquide Process & Construction, Inc. | Production of high-pressure gaseous nitrogen |
WO2018213507A1 (fr) | 2017-05-16 | 2018-11-22 | Ebert Terrence J | Appareil et procédé de liquéfaction de gaz |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL72599C (fr) * | 1949-04-23 | |||
DE1117616B (de) * | 1960-10-14 | 1961-11-23 | Linde Eismasch Ag | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Gewinnen besonders reiner Zerlegungsprodukte in Tieftemperaturgaszerlegungsanlagen |
DE1136355B (de) * | 1961-01-26 | 1962-09-13 | Linde S Eismaschinen Ag Zweign | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Tieftemperaturrektifikation von Gasgemischen |
GB1052146A (fr) * | 1965-02-26 | 1966-12-21 | ||
DE1501722A1 (de) * | 1966-01-13 | 1969-06-26 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zur Tieftemperatur-Luftzerlegung zur Erzeugung von hochverdichtetem gasfoermigem und/oder fluessigem Sauerstoff |
US3760596A (en) * | 1968-10-23 | 1973-09-25 | M Lemberg | Method of liberation of pure nitrogen and oxygen from air |
DE2402246A1 (de) * | 1974-01-18 | 1975-07-31 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zur gewinnung von sauerstoff mittlerer reinheit |
DE3016317A1 (de) * | 1980-04-28 | 1981-10-29 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur gewinnung von fluessigen stickstoff |
US4420317A (en) * | 1981-10-29 | 1983-12-13 | Nelson Stewart | Process for recovering vaporized solvent which eliminates heat exchangers |
US4453957A (en) * | 1982-12-02 | 1984-06-12 | Union Carbide Corporation | Double column multiple condenser-reboiler high pressure nitrogen process |
US4464188A (en) * | 1983-09-27 | 1984-08-07 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Process and apparatus for the separation of air |
US4543115A (en) * | 1984-02-21 | 1985-09-24 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Dual feed air pressure nitrogen generator cycle |
US4556404A (en) * | 1984-09-19 | 1985-12-03 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Split-column extractive distillation |
-
1985
- 1985-03-11 FR FR8503515A patent/FR2578532B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1986
- 1986-03-04 DE DE3606967A patent/DE3606967C2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-03-04 IT IT19622/86A patent/IT1191980B/it active
- 1986-03-06 US US06/837,049 patent/US4717410A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-03-06 NL NL8600582A patent/NL8600582A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1986-03-07 AU AU54406/86A patent/AU584174B2/en not_active Expired
- 1986-03-07 BE BE0/216376A patent/BE904366A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-03-10 ES ES552844A patent/ES8800112A1/es not_active Expired
- 1986-03-10 JP JP61050711A patent/JPH0731003B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-03-10 NO NO860874A patent/NO167167C/no unknown
- 1986-03-11 CA CA000503741A patent/CA1298777C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0731003B2 (ja) | 1995-04-10 |
NO860874L (no) | 1986-09-12 |
NO167167C (no) | 1991-10-09 |
BE904366A (fr) | 1986-09-08 |
DE3606967C2 (de) | 2000-08-10 |
ES552844A0 (es) | 1987-11-01 |
FR2578532A1 (fr) | 1986-09-12 |
IT8619622A0 (it) | 1986-03-04 |
IT1191980B (it) | 1988-03-31 |
DE3606967A1 (de) | 1986-09-11 |
JPS61252474A (ja) | 1986-11-10 |
NO167167B (no) | 1991-07-01 |
CA1298777C (fr) | 1992-04-14 |
AU5440686A (en) | 1986-09-18 |
ES8800112A1 (es) | 1987-11-01 |
NL8600582A (nl) | 1986-10-01 |
AU584174B2 (en) | 1989-05-18 |
IT8619622A1 (it) | 1987-09-04 |
US4717410A (en) | 1988-01-05 |
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