FR2489902A1 - LIAISON ELEMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

THE ASSEMBLY ELEMENT CONSISTS OF A BOLT WHOSE STEM 3, 4, 5 CARRIES GORGES 6A-6H IN WHICH, AT THE STATE OF ASSEMBLY, A CLOSING RING 11 SHAPED BY FLUAGE OF THE BOLTS ENSURING THE BOND. THE FITTING OF THE RING 11 IS DONE BY MEANS OF A TOOL WITH A CONICAL BORE 26 PRESSING THE RING 11 AND TENDING TO PUSH IT TOWARDS BOLT HEAD 2 WHILE RADIALLY COMPRESSING IT. THE TOOL ALSO TAKES SUPPORT AT THE END 5 OF THE ROD OPPOSED TO THE HEAD 2. WHEN THE RING 11 IS IN PLACE, THE TRACTION EXERCISED BY THE TOOL 13, 14 CONTINUES UNTIL THE RUPTURE OF THE ROD 4 AT LEVEL FROM ONE OF THE GORGES 6B-6H. THROATS 6A-6H HAVE A DEPTH WHICH DECREASES FROM HEAD 2 TOWARDS END 5 OF ROD 4. USE TO ENSURE THAT RUPTURE OF ROD TAKES FLOW OF RING, ON THE OPPOSITE SIDE OF THE HEAD. EITHER THE THICKNESS OF THE PARTS ASSEMBLED BETWEEN THE HEAD AND THE RING.

Description

The present invention relates to a connecting element for assembling

  building elements, consisting of a bolt having a head that can be supported on one side of a building element and a bolt rod that can be passed through the building elements, around which may be deformed a closure ring which, in the deformed state, is applied to another construction element side and fills at least one

  closing groove belonging to a series of iron gorges

  successive steps in the longitudinal direction of the bolt rod, all closing grooves, except for the first closing groove to be outside said other building element side, being constituted in points provided for the breaking of the bolt rod to which the bolt rod is torn off when, by means of a setting tool consisting of a deformation bushing of the closure ring and a traction element, the closure ring is deformed to a predetermined extent by traction

on the bolt rod.

  US Pat. No. 4,288,943 discloses an assembly element of this type, in which all the closure grooves have the same shape and the same radial depth. With the exception of the first closing groove, viewed from the head, filled with the material of the deformable closure ring, all closing grooves are made

  in points planned for the possible breakage of the stem of

  lon. Due to the conformation of the closing grooves, the bottom

  each groove constitutes a notch and thus a rup-

  possible. Moreover, the flanks of each groove are at different angles with respect to the material of the closure ring which flows during the deformation. As

  the most pronounced creep occurs in the area of the

  mite of the closing ring which is furthest away from the bolt head, forces must act on the flanks of the closing groove which is placed there, forces which try

  to flank the flanks and which provoke the place of the

  check a peak value of the load or voltage. The pulling force of the laying tool which is also exerted therein must ultimately cause the bolt rod to be pulled out at the location of this notch, in that of the closing locations which, in the closing ring, is the first, and which is filled first. In practice, however, it is extremely difficult to determine in advance the form to give, the conditions under which creep will occur.

  and the distribution of forces at laying, as well as

  between them so that the break occurs effectively.

  in the desired notch. It turned out, on the contrary, that frequently the bolt body does not pull out at this place but in another groove outside. Since each bottom of the groove has a cross section of the same area, the same tensile forces prevail in all these sections. The slightest defects of homogeneity in the material of the bolt rod or unevenness on a groove bottom inevitably move the point of break in the closing groove in question which is a weak point, and which may as well be right next to it traction jaws of the laying tool. In this case, however, the location of the breakage is a danger of injury and the long bolt body undesirably exceeds the closure ring. The fundamental disadvantage of this known connection element is that it is impossible to know with certainty whether the bolt body will be torn from the throat of

desired closure or not.

  The object of the invention is to provide a connecting element of the type set out in the introduction, usable universally for variable thicknesses of construction elements to be assembled, in which, independently of the thickness of the assembly of the construction elements, the breaking point of the bolt shank is securely located immediately behind the frontal surface, opposite the head, of the ring

  closing or even is drowned in it.

  According to the invention, the connecting element is characterized

  in that the closure grooves formed in points provided for breaking have a radial depth which gradually decreases when moving away from the head.

  Independently of the thickness of the assembly of ele-

  construction, the bolt rod is torn off each time securely in the region of the closing groove which is no longer filled or which is only partially filled and which is close to the end face, opposite to the head, dE

  the closing ring or which is on this frontside

  tale. This is due to the gradual decrease in the radial depths of the closing grooves as one moves away from the bolt head. Indeed, if towards the end of the deformation of the closure ring there are still several closing grooves which remain free, the bolt body will break at the level of the cross section whose area is the lowest. As the radial depth of the closing grooves decreases when moving away from the head, the smallest sectional area outside the closure ring is in the area of the closing groove which is the most important. close to the closing ring. The section of the stem in the others

  Free closing grooves always has a larger area.

  It is true that the closing grooves inside the closure ring, filled with deformed material, define sections where the stem has a section whose area is even smaller, however these are not solicited by

  a pulling force as big as the smallest surface

  this section of the first free groove which is outside the closing ring. Indeed, the deformation bushing

  relies predominantly on the closing ring de-

  the tensile force is transmitted, respectively, to the width of the bulges discharged into the closure grooves, so that the tensile force between the tractio2 element and the deformation bush is exerted on the section of the rod of which the area is the weakest but outside the

closing ring.

  It is true that it is known from US Patent 29 55

  505 to give the closing grooves of an assembly element

  a different kind of the decreasing radial depths

  from the head. It can not, however, be inferred from

  formation and use of the closing grooves as breakage elements since the bolt shank is not torn off and the connection is not made by pulling on the bolt body but the bolt body

  predetermined length is subject to a pres-

  With the support of the bolt head on a counter-support and surrounded by the press-fit closure ring.

  According to a rational mode of execution, the width of the nerves

  The annulair rings between the closing grooves diminish or increase gradually as one moves away from the bolt head. Granting the widths of the ridges

  between the closing grooves takes into account the

  particular conditions applied to the connecting element. The deepening correspondence of closing gorges, their

  width and width of the ridges leads, according to the applica-

  at different distributions of tensile forces

  on the bolt rod surrounded by the closing ring.

  According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the closure ring has at its opposite end to the bolt head a coaxial relief to the bore of the ring and whose inner diameter is greater than the diameter of the bore of the ring. , and in that the relief is connected to the bore of the ring by a shoulder. For reasons of static, it is important that a closure length fixed in advance of the closure ring is a carrier in all cases. In addition, we try to avoid the point

  breakage of the bolt body does not constitute a danger of injury

  sure - in case the closure ring is

  on the visible face of the assembly of structural elements

  tion. These two requirements can be satisfied together or alternatively particularly advantageously by the clearance in the end of the closure ring. During the deformation of the closure ring, the depth of the clearance, the material of the closure ring is not compressed in the closing grooves that are there but only up to the outer peaks. The closing grooves themselves remain unobstructed. By the conformation of the connecting element according to the invention, it is then certain that the actual breaking point of the bolt body is located inside the bore, more precisely on the first closing groove.

  which remained unobstructed. The free end of the iron ring

  is smooth and protects the point of breakage with spikes and

  sharp edges so that there is no danger of injury.

  It is important then that the relief - or release -

  either cylindrical or only slightly conical. The shape of the relief affects the distribution of forces when

the assembly is carried out.

  Finally, it is still important that the depth of

  at least half of the width of the closing groove which constitutes the actual breaking point of the rod. For this minimum depth of clearance, it is safe to arrive at a point where the actual break point is

  inside the length of the closure ring.

  Embodiments of the invention are explained in the following by means of the drawings, to which:

  FIGS. 1 to 3 show a connecting element se-

  the invention in 3 phases during the connection of two building elements;

  FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the connecting element

  its, roughly in the phase of Figure 1; - Figure 5 shows a closure ring as shown in Figure 4; - Figure 6 shows a closure ring roughly as shown in Figure 1, with deformation sleeve in place; and FIG. 7 shows a special embodiment of a closure ring with a deformation bushing in place. Figures 1 to 3 clearly show the implementation of a connection elementlconform to the invention. From a head of

  bolt 2 is part of a smooth rod 3 to which

  a first section of rod 4 of a predetermined length

  and a second rod section 5 also of predetermined length

  completed that connects to it. In the rod portion 4 are machined circular closure grooves 6 while the second section of 5 V rod has a structuring 7 which allows the traction element 14 to grip better. Thanks to

  of the connecting element 1 one must rigidly connect two 6é -

  8. In this connection, the rod sections 5.4 have threaded a closing ring 11 'which presses on the

  face of the construction element 9 opposite the head 2.

  To connect the building elements 8 and 9 is used a laying tool 12 which is known and which, therefore, is only partially described. The laying tool 12 comprises a deformation bushing 13 which has a conically flared internal bore. In the deformation bushing 13 is a traction element 14, advantageously having jaws, and, cooperating with the element 14, a traction head 15 with a spacer element 16 which extends through the deformation bushing 13. In the working phase shown, the deformation bushing 13 is pressed against the end face opposite to the head 2 of the closure ring 11 ', whereas

  the traction element 14 is gripped to the structures 7 of the

  x th section of shank S. Then, is exerted on the traction head 15 a pull to the left of Figure 1, which results at the same time a pressure component, directed

  to the right in FIG. 1, for the deformation sleeve 13.

  To start the building elements 8.9 are tight against each other and the bolt rod is pulled. The tensile force is then increased until the deformation sleeve 13 ends by deforming (FIG. 2) the closing ring 11 to such an extent that its material flows into the closing grooves 6 and

  transmits forces in these areas in the form of bulges.

  In the phase of FIG. 2, the front end of the deformation bushing reaches the vicinity of the element of

  9. When an increase in the traceability effort

  later on the body, it breaks in the region of the first closing groove 6 which is behind

  the front face, opposite to the head 2, of the closing ring

ture 11.

  Then the laying tool 12 with the broken part of the

  stem is removed so that

  As shown in FIG. 3, the building elements 8 and 9 are assembled with a pressure preload. Figure 4 clearly shows the constitution of the connecting element 1. In the first section of rod 4, behind the smooth rod 3, the closure grooves 6 have been shaped in the direction of a distance from the head 2 In the embodiment shown, the closing grooves 6, separated by identical spacings, have radial depths which decrease when moving away from the head 2. Starting from the first closing groove 6 which defines the smaller diameter 4 d min of the rod section 4, for a constant width b closing grooves, the diameter of the core of the rod section 4 increases to a value d The second rod section 5 has for example the same diameter outside that the crests that remain between the gorges of

  closing 6a to 6h and designated by 18. Its structure

  tion 7 only serves a better grip on the traceability

14.

  The closure ring 11, against which is already

  Placed the deformation sleeve 13, is chamfered in 21

  on its opposite end face. the head 2; an internal bore

  conical 26 of the deformation bushing 13 is chamfered at 20. The closure ring 11 has an internal bore

  22 donltle diameter dr is slightly larger than the diameter

  lead in the Ridge Region 18.

  For a given length of the closure ring 11 and because of the thickness of the building elements 8, 9 the

  closing groove 6f is outside the ferrule ring

  He. Since the rod has in the area of the closing groove 6f a cross section whose area is smaller than that of the cross section in the area of the closing groove 6h (d mal 0 when the tensile force by the traction element 1 will be su4sammernt large, the rod will break in the zone of this closing groove 6f.In fact, the traction force of the traction element 14 is not exerted directly on the head 2 which relies against building elements $, 9 but finds its counter-support on the socket

  deformation 13 which bears, e! te = mame on the ring of closing-

  11, while the bead-like material accumulations in the grooves of

also to this support.

  By means of the bolt and closure ring assembly

  can be assembled pitces of different thicknesses.

  For construction elements $ and 9 of greater thickness, the break point will be in the region of the closing groove 6. For thinner construction members 8, 9, each of the closing grooves 6b to 6h can serve as a break point from which the bolt rod is torn off.For particular requirements it is indicated

  to increase or decrease the width b of the closing grooves

  6 of a bolt in the direction of the removal of the head.

  In FIG. 5, the section of the closure ring II of FIG. 4 has been made more apparent. Outside its internal bore 22 with the diameter "# the closure ring 11 comprises the chamfer 21 which must favor the beginning of the

  deformation by the deformation bushing 13.

  FIG. 6 shows a closing ring 11 'in section, the internal bore of which again has the diameter dR. In place of the chamfer 21 there is a more pronounced chamfer 21 'which is connected with the rest

  of the body of the closing ring 11 'by a shoulder 23.

  A special type of deformation bushing 13 'has, at its rear end, adjacent to the conical internal bore 26', a stop shoulder 27 which, at the end of the deformation, abuts the closure ring 11 'frontally and promotes rupture; Figure 7 shows in section a particular embodiment of a closure ring Il '. It also has an internal bore 22 with a diameter dR slightly larger than the external diameter dS of the rod of the bolt 1.

  the front side which, when setting up the assembly element,

  the opposite side to the head, the locking ring

  it has a cylindrical clearance 24 which extends

  xially to internal drilling 22 on a depth T with an internal diameter dV. By this calibration 24 the breaking point of the rod portion 4 which can be defined by each of the closing grooves 6b to 6h can be transferred inside the closure ring 11 "without the closing length of the ring 11 "predetermined and conditioned by the length

  internal piercing 22, is elongated. In this mode of

  In this case, the rod section 4 breaks in such a way that the breaking point does not protrude outwards and that any danger of injury is eliminated. The clearance can also be tapered; the only important thing is that it is connected

  to the internal bore 22 by a shoulder 25. The diameter

  dV of the calibration 24 is chosen so that during the

  deformation of the closure ring 1 "the material of this

  it is not compressed in the closing grooves over the entire depth of the relief. Thus, the stem pulls on the first closing groove which is not filled by the material of the closure ring 11 ".

again the deformation sleeve.

  S The particular advantage of this connecting element

  is in the fact that with a bolt size and a ring

  closure can be used to cover different thicknesses of

  building elements. In addition, closure rings of different lengths may be associated with the

  same bolt so that, depending on the case, closing lengths

  of varying importance can be obtained. Despite

  this the first free closing groove will also constitute

  in this case the expected breaking point, respectively the actual breaking point of the bolt rod. The depth T of the calibration is usefully chosen so that it is at least equal to half the width b of a closing groove 6. Thus the breaking point is flush with the front face of the closure ring . The shape of the section of the closure grooves 6 may be variable in the usual way so that the connecting element can be adapted to various applications. A rounded V-shaped section of the closure grooves has proved favorable because it allows better entry of the material into the grooves. Given

  that the width b of the closing grooves makes a contribution

  In order to support the accumulation of material in the form of beads of the deformed closure ring, it is rational to provide a larger width b for rings.

  soft as for hard closure rings.

IT

Claims (5)

  1. Connecting element for joining construction elements, consisting of a bolt having a head (2) which can be supported on a construction element side (8) and a bolt rod which can be made pass through the building elements (8,9), around which   may be deformed a closure ring which, in the de-   formed, comes to apply on another side of an element of con-   truction (9) and fills at least one closing groove (6) belonging to a series of closing grooves (6) which succeed one another in the longitudinal direction of the bolt rod,   all closing grooves (6), with the exception of the first   first closing groove (6a) to be outside said other building element side, being constituted in points provided for breaking the bolt rod to which the bolt rod pulls off when, by means of a tool of   pose (12) composed of a deformation sleeve (13) of the base   closing force (11,11 ', 11 ") and a traction element (14)   the closing ring (11, 11 ', 11 ") is deformed in a measuring   predetermined by pulling on the bolt rod,   characterized in that the closure grooves (6b to 6h)   in points planned for rupture have a depth that is   diale which gradually decreases when one moves away from the head (2).   2. Connecting element according to claim 1, characterized   in that the width of the annular ribs (18) which   remaining between the closing grooves (6) decreases or increases   gradually move away from the bolt head (2).   3. Connecting element according to one of claims 1 or 2,   characterized in that the closure ring (11 ") has at its opposite end to the bolt head (2) a relief (24) coaxial with the bore (22) of the ring and whose diameter   interior (dv) is larger than the diameter (dR) of the   wise (22) of the ring, and in that the relief is connected   at the bore of the ring (22) by a shoulder (25).   4. Connecting element according to claim 3, characterized   characterized in that the recalibration (24) is cylindrical or only slightly conical.   5. Connecting element according to one of claims 4 or   characterized in that the depth (T) of the relief (24)   is at least half the width (b) of the iron throat   setting (6) which constitutes the effective breaking point of the rod.