ES2912902T3 - Prefabricated building element and prefabricated building system - Google Patents

Abstract

Prefabricated construction element that has a prestressed flat support structure element (1) made of textile concrete, an upper concrete layer (2) and/or a lower concrete layer (3), characterized in that the flat support structure element (1) is configured as a folded structure having a fold that is formed by elevations and/or depressions in the prestressed flat supporting structure element (1), the upper concrete layer (2) is configured on a surface of the prestressed flat supporting structure element (1) in the depressions and/or between the fold elevations, in such a way that the upper concrete layer (2) forms a flat surface that is oriented planar-parallel to the structure element of prestressed flat support structure (1), and/or the lower concrete layer (3) is configured on a surface of the prestressed flat support structure element (1) arranged opposite to the concrete layer upper layer (2) in the depressions and/or between the elevations of the fold, in such a way that the lower concrete layer (3) forms a flat surface that is oriented plane-parallel to the prestressed flat support structure element ( 1).

Description

DESCRIPTION

Prefabricated building element and prefabricated building system

The invention relates to a prefabricated building element and a lightweight prefabricated building system that is suitable for the construction of walls and ceilings.

Due to shorter construction times, more and more buildings are being manufactured in prefabricated construction or system construction. In this respect, factory-prefabricated building elements, so-called prefabricated building elements, are assembled on the construction site in a short time to form a building. Said prefabricated building elements can be made of solid or light construction. Solid prefabricated building elements, such as, for example, reinforced concrete slabs, have the advantage that they can be used as supporting elements, while lightweight prefabricated building elements, such as, for example, wooden board or plasterboard, they usually only have a space-closing function. However, prefabricated building elements in solid construction have a high weight and are often not ecologically sustainable in their production and disposal, since, for example, they can only be recycled with difficulty. Light-weight prefabricated building elements are lighter in weight and generally more environmentally friendly in manufacture and disposal, but compared to solid-construction prefabricated building elements they have a shorter lifespan, insulation poorer acoustic and thermal properties and also poorer fire resistance and protection.

Therefore, the present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages and to provide a prefabricated building element and a lightweight prefabricated building system which, despite a low mass, offer a high load-bearing capacity, a long service life , a high acoustic and thermal insulation and also a high protection against fires.

Thus, a process for the manufacture of reinforced concrete parts is known from FR 532018 A.

US 985165 A describes a concrete floor element.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a prefabricated building element according to claim 1 and a prefabricated building system with at least two prefabricated building elements according to claim 10. Advantageous developments and further developments are described in the dependent claims.

A prefabricated building element according to the invention has a prestressed flat support structure element made of textile concrete, an upper concrete layer and/or a lower concrete layer. The prestressed flat support structure element is configured as a folded structure having a fold or folded structure that is formed by elevations and/or depressions in the prestressed flat support structure element. The upper concrete layer is configured on a surface of the prestressed planar supporting structure element in the depressions and/or between the fold elevations, in such a way that the upper concrete layer forms a flat surface that is oriented planar- parallel to the prestressed flat support structure element. Thus, the upper concrete layer can form, for example, a uniform flat base for a subsequent floating floor. The lower concrete layer is formed only on a surface of the prestressed flat support structure element or, in addition to an upper concrete layer, on a surface of the prestressed flat support structure element that is arranged opposite the upper concrete layer in the depressions and/or between the elevations of the fold, such that the lower concrete layer forms a flat surface that is oriented planar-parallel to the planar supporting structure element. In this way, the prefabricated building element offers both the advantages of a solid concrete building element and those of a lightweight building element. It features a high load capacity, service life, acoustic and thermal insulation and also high fire protection, but, in this regard, it can be configured with low material thicknesses and consequently with a very low weight. In the case of vertical applications, for example, the usable base area of a building can be extended. Therefore, the prefabricated building element is particularly suitable for large-format wall and/or ceiling elements.

A high load-bearing capacity despite material and weight savings can be achieved, on the one hand, by the flat support structure element made of textile concrete. Textile concrete typically consists of a concrete matrix and a textile reinforcement that is clearly lighter than comparable metal reinforcements. From the textile concrete, which is prestressed with a tensile stress, prestressed flat supporting structure elements can be formed, which, despite a low self-weight, impart a high load-bearing capacity to the precast building element due to their prestressing. .

On the other hand, an improved load-bearing capacity can also be achieved by folding the flat supporting structure element and the upper or lower concrete layer. The folding of the flat support structure element causes a folded hardening of the flat support structure element, with which they can increase the compressive and flexural strength of the prefabricated building element. In addition, the flat support structure element and the upper or lower concrete layer can be interlocked with one another in a form-fitting manner due to the fold, so that a shear connection between the flat support structure element can be formed. and the upper or lower concrete layer, by which the rigidity of the prefabricated building element can be further increased. In the full shear joint, a stiffness of the prefabricated building element can be achieved which can be greater than the sum of the stiffnesses of the individual components of the prefabricated building element. The upper or lower concrete layer can also have a positive effect on the service life of the prefabricated building element, since they protect the textile concrete of the flat supporting structure element against detachment of the concrete covering from the textile reinforcement.

For high rigidity and simple production of the prefabricated building element, the depressions and/or elevations of the fold can preferably be configured as linear depressions and/or elevations, which can be arranged parallel to one another in the fold. The depressions and/or elevations can be configured, for example, with a semicircular, rectangular, triangular and/or trapezoidal cross-section. They can be configured in particular as semicircular grooves, box grooves, triangular grooves and/or trapezoidal grooves. The prestressed flat support structure element can be designed as a prestressed trapezoidal folded structure plate, for example with trapezoidal grooves running equidistantly parallel to one another. However, the depressions and/or elevations can also be arranged and configured in such a way that forces or moments of differentiated local action on the prefabricated building element can be taken into account. This refers, for example, to the distances and the shape of the depressions and/or elevations that can be defined in a modified way locally in order to be able to take into account higher or lower forces and moments of local action.

The prestressed flat support structure element is preferably formed from an immediately bonded prestressed textile concrete. In this connection, an immediately bonded prestressed textile concrete is to be understood as a textile concrete in which a textile reinforcement, prestressed in a single or multiple axes in a load-oriented manner with a tensile prestressing force, has been connected by adhesion of materials and in force drag to a concrete matrix, and the prestress force of the reinforcement has been transferred to the concrete matrix after hardening of the concrete matrix by releasing the prestress. Such prestressed flat support structures have the advantage that they can already be completely finished in the factory and can also be cut to length.

The prestressed flat support structure element of the prefabricated building element can be configured in particular with at least one prestressed textile reinforcement of carbon, basalt and/or glass fibers. Said reinforcements can be configured, for example, in the form of rovings, i.e. fiber bundles, nets and/or mats, where the reinforcements can be impregnated with plastics, in particular a resin, and/or also be configured in several layers , in order to improve its load-bearing behavior. Especially preferably, the prestressed textile reinforcement is formed with mesh strips of carbon rovings, which are arranged in the folded structure with their longitudinal axis preferably along linear elevations and/or depressions of the fold. Such reinforcements can be prestressed and concreted in a particularly simple manner in a support bed for the production of the folded structure. Alternatively, the textile reinforcement can also be configured as a mesh mat, which is configured complementary to the fold of the folded structure and is arranged in the folded structure following the fold.

Since the prefabricated building element is mainly constructed of concrete as the base material, it has higher fire protection and also higher sound insulation compared to conventional lightweight construction elements of wood or gypsum frame. In addition to the material properties of the base materials, in particular the shape of the flat support structure element, i.e. the fold and also the closed surface of the flat support structure element in contrast to polyhedrally perforated bar or formwork structures , has a positive effect on acoustic insulation and, therefore, on the acoustics of the room. In addition, the textile reinforcement of the flat support structure element and thus the prefabricated building element conducts not only sound but also heat significantly worse than metal reinforcements, so that thermal bridges can be reduced and thus therefore, the heat losses through the prefabricated building element.

For particularly lightweight prefabricated building elements, provision can be made for the upper concrete layer and/or the lower concrete layer to be made of lightweight concrete, in particular foamed concrete or porous lightweight concrete. Foamed or porous lightweight concretes are concretes that are made using foam or air pore formers. They generally have an air pore content of > 30% by volume and rock grains with a diameter of less than 2 mm at a density of less than 1000 kg/m3, preferably less than 200 kg/m3. Prefabricated building elements can be constructed with particularly good thermal and acoustic insulation properties and additionally high fire resistance by means of an upper concrete layer and/or a lower concrete layer of foamed concrete or lightweight porous concrete. In the event of a fire, in particular the anchors, which are arranged in the upper and/or lower concrete layer or between the upper and lower concrete layer, are protected by the upper and/or lower concrete layer, so That can reduce the risk of collapse in the event of a fire for constructions made from prefabricated building elements.

Due to the short curing or stripping times during the production of the upper concrete layer and/or lower concrete layer, the prefabricated building elements can be configured very quickly and uncomplicated in the factory by foaming the framework element flat support with foamed or light porous concrete and steam curing of foamed or light porous concrete. In this connection, both channels for subsequent installations can be formed already in the factory in the upper concrete layer and/or lower concrete layer, as well as especially flat surfaces of the upper concrete layer and/or lower concrete layer, which are suitable for direct coating with a trowel or paint without additional preparation steps. At the end of the useful phase, the upper concrete layer and/or lower concrete layer can be separated from the flat support structure element and crushed to form a homogeneous recyclable gravel, so that the precast building element can be recycled again. simple way. The prefabricated building element thus stands out for a very good ecological balance due to simple manufacturing, material and weight savings, advantageous thermal insulation properties and also recyclability.

In addition to recycling, reuse, ie a new use, of prefabricated building elements is also possible. The prefabricated building elements can be configured with connecting elements, by means of which the prefabricated building elements can be detachably connected to other building elements, but also to each other. In this way, single cells, but also multi-storey structures, which can be dismantled very easily, can be built with the prefabricated building elements in a corresponding joint configuration. Therefore, the prefabricated building elements are suitable, for example, as reusable prefabricated building elements for mobile buildings. The term "construction element" is to be understood as all types of molded parts that can be used in the construction industry.

Preferably, the prefabricated building element has on at least one outer end face a transverse yoke with at least one anchoring element, by means of which the prefabricated building element can be connected to a building element or another prefabricated building element. In this case, the cross yoke can be poured together both during the manufacture of the trapezoidal plates, as well as glued to the trapezoidal plate. Alternatively or additionally, the prefabricated building element can also have at least one anchor element in the upper concrete layer, by means of which the prefabricated building element can be connected to a building element or another building element prefabricated. The at least one anchoring element in the upper concrete layer can advantageously be arranged in the depressions and/or between the elevations of the fold. The anchoring elements can be configured, for example, as detachable bolt or screw elements that can also be poured into the cross yoke or the upper concrete layer.

The cross yoke can preferably be designed on the respective end face in such a way that, when connecting the prefabricated building element to a building element, it forms a support for the building element, i.e. the cross yoke can be designed so large that the contact surface between the building element and the prefabricated building element, which is formed by connecting the component to the anchoring element of the cross yoke, can be completely formed with the cross yoke. In this way, a uniform load input into the prefabricated building element can be achieved, so that the prefabricated building element can also absorb eccentric stresses. If the prefabricated building elements according to the invention are connected to each other, then the contact surface between the prefabricated building elements can be formed with the transverse yokes of the respective prefabricated building element. A particularly uniform load introduction can be achieved with cross yokes that are formed from reinforced concrete.

Particularly preferably, the prefabricated building elements can be configured as wall or ceiling elements. Prefabricated building elements that are configured as roof elements should advantageously have at least one anchor element in the depressions and/or between the fold elevations of the prestressed flat supporting structure element in the upper concrete layer, by means of the that the roof element can be connected to a building element or to another prefabricated building element. The upper concrete layer on the surface of the prestressed flat support structure element is advantageously formed in the depressions and/or between the elevations of the fold of the prestressed flat support structure element, so that the upper concrete layer with the elevations and/or depressions of the fold form a flat surface that is oriented planar-parallel to the prestressed planar support structure element. In this way, the folded structure can form a direct support surface for a building element or other prefabricated building element, which can be connected to the roof element by means of the anchor element, and unload the upper concrete layer. The lower concrete layer is advantageously formed on a surface of the prestressed flat supporting structure element which is arranged opposite the upper concrete layer in the depressions and/or between the elevations of the fold of the prestressed flat supporting structure element, of so that the lower concrete layer covers the depressions and/or elevations of the fold and forms a flat surface that is oriented plane-parallel to the prestressed flat support structure element. Therefore, the lower concrete layer can be configured as a continuous surface which has good thermal insulation and fire protection and can be directly coated with a trowel or paint.

Prefabricated building elements, which are designed as wall elements, should advantageously have a transverse yoke with at least one anchoring element on at least one outer end face, by means of which the wall element can be connected to a supporting element. building or other prefabricated building element on the abutting front face or on a side face of the wall element formed with the cross yoke at a right angle. For this, the at least one anchor element can be designed or oriented on the cross yoke, for example perpendicularly or parallel to the respective end face of the wall element. The upper concrete layer on the surface of the prestressed flat support structure element and the lower concrete layer on a surface of the prestressed flat support structure element that is disposed opposite the upper concrete layer may be configured in the depressions and /or between the elevations of the fold of the prestressed flat support structure element, in such a way that the upper concrete layer and the lower concrete layer respectively cover the depressions and/or elevations of the fold and respectively form flat surfaces that are oriented from plane-parallel shape to the prestressed plane support structure element. In this regard, the upper concrete layer and the lower concrete layer may completely cover the surface of the flat supporting structure element.

The anchoring elements can be configured, for example, as bolts made of metal or glass-fiber-reinforced plastic, as pins, composite anchors or screw elements. They can be fixed, for example, in the prefabricated building element by means of an opening, i.e. a plastic deformation of the anchor element, or by cutting a thread by means of the anchor element, so that the anchor elements are can be easily removed for recycling from prefabricated building elements. Alternatively, the anchoring elements can also be held in the prefabricated building element by means of a binder, for example a filler mass, or they can be poured as inserts already during the shaping of the upper or lower concrete layer or of a transverse yoke in it.

A prefabricated building system has at least two prefabricated building elements according to the invention, which, as described, can be connected to each other by means of the anchoring elements on an outer front face or on the upper concrete layer or the layer of concrete. lower concrete and can be configured as wall elements or ceiling elements.

Embodiment examples of the invention are shown in the drawings and explained below with reference to Figures 1 to 5.

They show:

Fig. 1: in a schematic sectional representation a front view and a side view of an example of a prefabricated building element,

Fig. 2: In a schematic sectional representation an example of a prefabricated building element configured as a roof element with a vertical wall element,

Fig. 3: In a schematic sectional view, an example of a prefabricated building element configured as a wall element,

Fig. 4: In a schematic sectional view an example of a prefabricated building system as a wall-ceiling node of an exterior wall and

Fig. 5: In a schematic sectional view, another example of a prefabricated building system as a wall-ceiling node of an interior wall.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional representation of a front view and a side view of an example of a prefabricated building element. The prefabricated building element has a tensile prestressed flat support structure element 1 made of textile concrete, an upper concrete layer 2 and a lower concrete layer 3. The prestressed flat support structure element 1 is configured as a folded structure which presents a fold, which is formed by elevations and/or depressions in the prestressed flat support structure element 1. The upper concrete layer 2 is formed on one surface of the prestressed flat support structure element 1 in the depressions and/or between the elevations of the fold, in such a way that the upper concrete layer 2 forms a flat surface that is oriented plane-parallel to the prestressed flat supporting structure element 1. The lower concrete layer 3 is configured on a surface of the flat prestressed support structure element 1 disposed opposite the upper concrete layer 2 in depressions and/or between the fold elevations, such that the lower concrete layer 3 forms a flat surface that is oriented planar-parallel to the prestressed flat supporting structure element 1, and is secured against falling. In this way, in addition to a very low self-mass, the prefabricated building element has a high load-bearing capacity, a long service life, high acoustic and thermal insulation and also high fire protection.

In the example shown in Figure 1, the prestressed flat support structure element 1 of the Prefabricated construction is configured as a folded structure, which presents a fold that is configured by linear elevations and/or depressions, which run equidistantly and parallel to each other. For a high load-bearing capacity and sound insulation, the elevations and/or depressions are configured in particular as trapezoidal grooves, ie the folded structure is configured as a trapezoidal folded structure plate. The prestressed flat support structure element 1 can be configured from a prestressed textile concrete with at least one immediately bonded textile reinforcement 4 . In the example shown in FIG. 1, the prestressed flat support structure element 1 is formed from an immediately bonded prestressed textile concrete, which has at least one textile reinforcement 4 of carbon fiber bundles, the so-called rovings. The textile reinforcement is configured as mesh strips which, in the example shown, are arranged with their longitudinal axis along the linear elevations and/or linear depressions of the folded structure. In addition to or in addition to carbon fiber bundles, the textile reinforcement can also be formed from basalt and/or glass fiber bundles. Instead of as individual mesh strips, the textile reinforcement can also be configured as a three-dimensional folded structure, which is configured complementary to the fold of the flat support structure element 1 and is arranged on the flat support structure element 1 following the fold. The fibers may be embedded in concrete and/or a plastic.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, the upper concrete layer 2 and/or the lower concrete layer 3 are made of foamed concrete or porous lightweight concrete. In this way, the prefabricated building element can be configured in a form that is open to diffusion and yet is thermally and acoustically insulating and also fire-retardant. Foamed concrete or lightweight porous concrete further facilitates the production of the prefabricated building element. The upper concrete layer 2 and/or the lower concrete layer 3 can be formed in a short time and very flat, so that they are suitable untreated for direct coating with a trowel, paint or plaster. In addition, installations possible during production can already be embedded in the upper concrete layer 2 and/or the lower concrete layer 3. Due to the foamed concrete or porous lightweight concrete, the precast building element can also be recycled, so so that as a whole it presents a very good ecological balance.

In the illustrated example of FIG. 1, the prefabricated building element is formed on at least one outer end face with a transverse yoke 5, which can be formed, for example, from reinforced concrete. At least one anchoring element 6 (shown in FIG. 4 and 5) can be arranged on this cross yoke 5, by means of which the prefabricated building element can be connected to another building element 7 or to another prefabricated building element. For this, the anchor element 6 can be configured on the cross yoke 5, for example, perpendicularly or parallel to the respective outer end face of the prefabricated building element, so that the prefabricated building element can be connected to a building element 7 or another prefabricated building element on the respective abutting front face or on an outer side face formed with the transverse yoke 5 at a right angle. Examples of this are represented in figures 4 and 5.

The cross yoke 5 can be configured in particular as an intermediate support for the building element 7 or the other prefabricated building element to which the prefabricated building element can be connected, i.e. the cross yoke 5 can be configured so large that the contact surface, which is formed between the prefabricated building element and building element 7 or another prefabricated building element by connecting the prefabricated building element to building element 7 or another prefabricated building element by means of the at least one element anchorage 6 of the cross yoke 5, is completely formed with the cross yoke 5. In this way, a uniform load input into the precast building element can be achieved, so that the precast building element can also absorb eccentric stresses. In particular, the cross yoke 5 can also be configured as a support on loaded collar end surfaces in protruding prefabricated building elements. Alternatively or additionally to the anchor elements 6 in cross yokes 5, at least one anchor element 6 can also be provided in the upper concrete layer 2 (shown in FIG. 2) and/or the lower concrete layer 3 , by means of which the prefabricated building element can be connected to another building element 7 in the upper concrete layer 2 and/or the lower concrete layer 3.

The prefabricated building element can be configured in particular with at least one detachable anchor element 6, so that the corresponding constructions can be easily dismantled and reused from the prefabricated building elements. The number and arrangement of the cross yokes 5 and the anchoring elements 6 can be variably adapted to the respective dimensions, installation direction and loads of the prefabricated building element. In particular, the prefabricated building element can also be configured as a wall or ceiling element. Such prefabricated building elements can typically be configured with a width in the range of 1.20 meters to 2.40 meters, a length between 3 meters and 8 meters and a wall or ceiling thickness of 15 cm to 40 cm and can also be present intermediate yokes for intermediate levels and/or openings, for example, for doors or windows. The cross yokes and/or intermediate yokes can additionally have fastening channels, by means of which the prefabricated building elements can be fastened to one another, for example to bridge openings with fastening members, such as, for example, fastening bars. For this, the prefabricated building elements can be configured segmentally, i.e. in partial sections, where the joints between the individual partial sections are typically configured perpendicular to the main support direction of the partial sections joined with knots in the respective yoke. Therefore, the prefabricated building elements can also be used for constructions in segmental construction. As an alternative or in addition to the bracing via clamping channels and clamping members, the prefabricated building elements can also be configured with beams for load distribution.

Figure 2 shows, in a schematic side sectional view, an example of a prefabricated building element configured as a roof element. Recurring features are provided with identical reference numbers in this figure 2, as well as in the following figures.

In the upper concrete layer 2, the prefabricated building element has at least one anchor element 6 in the depressions and/or between the fold elevations, in the example shown a screw-in element, by means of which the roof element is fixed. it can be detachably connected to a building element 7 or another prefabricated building element. The upper concrete layer 2 on the surface of the prestressed flat supporting structure element 1 is configured in the depressions and/or between the elevations of the fold, in such a way that the upper concrete layer 2 forms with the elevations and/or depressions from the fold a flat surface that is oriented planar-parallel to the prestressed flat supporting structure element 1. In this way, the folded structure forms a direct supporting surface for the building element 7 or for another prefabricated building element, and the upper concrete layer 2 is unloaded. The lower concrete layer 3 is advantageously configured on a surface of the prestressed flat supporting structure element 1 arranged opposite the upper concrete layer 2 in the depressions and/or between the elevations of the fold, in such a way that the lower concrete layer 3 covers the depressions and/or elevations of the fold and forms a flat surface that is á oriented plane-parallel to the prestressed plane support structure element 1.

In FIG. 3, an example of a prefabricated building element configured as a wall element is shown in a schematic side sectional view. The prefabricated building element has on at least one outer front face a transverse yoke 5 with an anchoring element 6 (shown in FIG. 4 and 5), by means of which the prefabricated building element can be connected to a building element. 7 or another prefabricated building element on the abutting front face or on a side face of the formed prefabricated building element with the cross yoke 5 at a right angle. The upper concrete layer 2 on the surface of the prestressed flat supporting structure element 1 and the lower concrete layer 3 on a surface of the prestressed flat supporting structure element 1 disposed opposite the upper concrete layer 2 are configured in the depressions and/or between the elevations of the fold of the prestressed flat support structure element 1, in such a way that the upper concrete layer 2 and the lower concrete layer 3 respectively cover the depressions and/or elevations of the fold and respectively form surfaces planar that are oriented planar-parallel to the prestressed planar support structure element 1.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show examples of prefabricated building systems in schematic sectional representations. The prefabricated building systems have at least two prefabricated building elements that can be connected to one another by means of the anchor elements 6. For this, the anchor elements 6 can be arranged in the upper concrete layer 2 or in the yoke cross section 5 of the respective prefabricated building element. Figures 4 and 5 respectively show prefabricated building systems with more than two prefabricated building elements, but the person skilled in the art can also deduce from the examples of figures 4 and 5, as well as the example of figure 2, how prefabricated building systems can be configured with only two prefabricated building elements.

Fig. 4 shows an example of a prefabricated building system in which three prefabricated T-shaped building elements can be connected to each other. The anchor elements 6 are configured on the cross yokes 5 respectively perpendicular or parallel to the end face of the prefabricated building elements, so that the prefabricated building elements can be connected to each other at a right angle on the faces which are respectively formed by a transverse yoke 5 with an anchor element 6 arranged perpendicularly to the end face and a transverse yoke 5 with an anchoring element 6 arranged parallel to the end face.

In the example of FIG. 5, a prefabricated building system is shown, in which four prefabricated building elements can be interconnected in the form of a cross. The anchoring elements 6 are respectively arranged perpendicularly to the end faces of the prefabricated building elements on the transverse yokes 5 of the prefabricated building elements, so that two prefabricated building elements arranged opposite each other can be connected to each other at the respective front faces abutting, and two other prefabricated building elements can be respectively connected oppositely to the prefabricated building elements abutting therewith at a right angle on the side surfaces, which are formed by the transverse yokes 5 of the two butt-connected prefabricated building elements. The precast building elements butt-connected to each other at their end faces can be configured, for example, as roof elements, while the precast building elements, which are connected at right angles to these butt-connected precast building elements, they can be configured as wall elements. Furthermore, the transverse yokes 5 can be configured, as shown schematically shown in FIG. 5, as intermediate supports, ie the transverse yokes 5 can be configured respectively on or as contact surfaces or force transmission surfaces between the prefabricated building elements.

Only features of the individual embodiments disclosed in the embodiment examples can be combined with one another and claimed individually, regardless of the respective example shown.

Claims (10)

1. Prefabricated construction element that has a prestressed flat support structure element (1) made of textile concrete, an upper concrete layer (2) and/or a lower concrete layer (3) , characterized in that the structure element of flat prestressed support (1) is configured as a folded structure having a fold that is formed by elevations and/or depressions in the flat prestressed support structure element (1), the upper concrete layer (2) is configured on a surface of the prestressed flat supporting structure element (1) in the depressions and/or between the fold elevations, in such a way that the upper concrete layer (2) forms a flat surface that is oriented plane-parallel to the prestressed flat support structure element (1), and/or the lower concrete layer (3) is configured on a surface of the prestressed flat support structure element (1) arranged opposite the upper concrete layer (2) in the depressions and/or between the elevations of the fold, in such a way that the lower concrete layer (3) forms a flat surface that is oriented planar-parallel to the prestressed planar support structure element (1). 2. Prefabricated building element according to claim 1 , characterized in that the prestressed flat support structure element (1) is configured as a folded structure having a fold that is formed with linear elevations and/or linear depressions; where the linear depressions and/or elevations are configured with a semicircular, rectangular, triangular and/or trapezoidal cross-section. 3. Prefabricated construction element according to any of the preceding claims , characterized in that the prestressed flat support structure element (1) is configured as a folded structure that has a fold with elevations and/or depressions, which are configured as semicircular grooves, grooves square, trapezoidal grooves or triangular grooves. 4. Prefabricated construction element according to any of the preceding claims , characterized in that the prestressed flat support structure element (1) is formed by a prestressed textile concrete with immediate bonding, which has at least one textile reinforcement of carbon fiber bundles , basalt and/or glass (4). 5. Prefabricated construction element according to any of the preceding claims , characterized in that at least one textile reinforcement is configured as a mesh strip, where the mesh strips are arranged in the folded structure with their longitudinal axis along the linear elevations and /o Linear depressions of the fold. 6. Prefabricated construction element according to any of the preceding claims , characterized in that the upper concrete layer (2) and/or the lower concrete layer (3) is (are) formed by a lightweight concrete, in particular a foamed concrete or lightweight porous concrete. 7. Prefabricated construction element according to any of the preceding claims , characterized in that the prefabricated construction element has on at least one outer front face a transverse yoke (5) with an anchoring element (6), by means of which the element of prefabricated construction can be connected to a building element (7) or to another prefabricated construction element, and/or has at least one anchoring element in the upper concrete layer (2) and/or the lower concrete layer (3) (6), by means of which the prefabricated building element can be connected to a building element (7) or to another prefabricated building element. 8. Prefabricated construction element according to any of the preceding claims , characterized in that the prefabricated construction element has in the upper concrete layer (2) and/or the lower concrete layer (3) in the depressions and/or between the elevations from the fold at least one anchoring element (6), by means of which the prefabricated building element can be connected to a building element (7) or to another prefabricated building element. 9. Prefabricated construction element according to any of the preceding claims , characterized in that the upper concrete layer (2) and/or the lower concrete layer (3) is (are) configured in the depressions and/or between the fold elevations, such that the upper concrete layer (2) and/or the lower concrete layer (3) respectively form(s) with the elevations and/or depressions of the fold a flat surface that is oriented plane-parallel to the supporting structure element prestressed plane (1), or the upper concrete layer (2) and/or the lower concrete layer (3) is/are configured in the depressions and/or between the fold elevations in such a way that the upper concrete layer (2) and/or the lower concrete layer (3) covers(are) respectively the depressions and/or elevations of the fold and/or forms(forms) a flat surface that is oriented plane-parallel to the prestressed flat support structure element (1). 10. Prefabricated construction system that has at least two prefabricated construction elements according to any of claims 7 or 8, where the prefabricated building elements can be connected to each other by means of the anchoring elements (6).