ES2893843T3 - High temperature lubricants - Google Patents

Abstract

Oil for high temperatures comprising a) between 93.9 and 45% by weight of at least one oil from the group of estolides; b) between 6 and 45% by weight of a polymer, namely a fully hydrogenated polyisobutylene or a mixture of hydrogenated and fully hydrogenated polyisobutylene; c) between 0.1 and 10% by weight of additives, individually or in combination, selected from the group consisting of corrosion protection additives, antioxidants, wear protection additives, UV stabilizers, solid lubricants inorganic or organic.

Description

DESCRIPTION

High temperature lubricants

The present invention relates to high temperature lubricants, in particular oils and greases based on stolides, additives and fully hydrogenated polyisobutylene or a mixture of hydrogenated and fully hydrogenated polyisobutylene.

The present invention also relates to the use of this high temperature grease for continuous use temperatures up to 250°C.

In addition to the lubricating effect, lubricants have to fulfill a plurality of other objects: they have to cool, reduce friction, wear and power transmission, protect against corrosion and at the same time have a sealing effect. Also, high temperature greases should be quiet. Conventional lubricants are not suitable for high temperature applications because they are destroyed at high temperatures, for example by oxidation reactions and/or thermal decomposition and polymerizations, and their lubricating properties are severely restricted. During decomposition reactions, the lubricant breaks down into low molecular weight, volatile components. Its evaporation leads to undesirable viscosity changes, oil loss and excessive vapor formation. This results in a loss of lubricating effect. Lubricants also lose their lubricating effect through polymerization due to the formation of insoluble polymerization products.

Removing this contamination increases maintenance work and produces chemical waste that is laborious to remove. Due to increased cleaning and maintenance work, downtimes increase. In general, the use of unsuitable lubricants in high temperature applications leads to higher costs, as tools become dirty and there is an increased demand for lubricants. In addition, the quality of the product decreases.

Synthetic esters are often used as base oils for high temperature applications because they have very good oxidative, hydrolytic, and thermal stability.

To meet the various requirements of high-temperature applications, lubricants have to exhibit, among other things, high stability, low coefficients of friction and high wear resistance. In order to ensure uniform lubrication even at high temperatures, a liquid lubricant film has to remain between the metal parts throughout the entire processing procedure. For this reason, the lubricant should only evaporate a little at the maximum processing temperature, form little residue, and form as little crack residue as possible.

High temperatures often occur when used in chains, roller and plain bearings, in vehicle technology, conveyor technology, mechanical engineering, office technology, and in industrial systems and machines, but also in the fields of household machines and electronics. of entertainment.

In roller and plain bearings, lubricants ensure that a separating and load-transferring lubricating film is formed between parts that slide or roll against each other. This ensures that the metal surfaces do not touch each other and therefore do not wear. Therefore, lubricants have to meet high requirements. These include extreme operating conditions such as very high or very low speeds, high temperatures caused by high speeds or external heating, very low temperatures, for example in the case of bearings operating in cold environments, or occurring during use in the aerospace industry. Modern lubricants should also be able to be used in so-called clean room conditions to avoid contamination of the room by abrasion or consumption of lubricants. Furthermore, when modern lubricants are used, they must be prevented from evaporating and thus becoming "stuck", i.e. solidifying after a short application and no longer showing any lubricating effect. Special requirements are also placed on lubricants when they are used in such a way that the rolling surfaces of the bearings are not attacked by low friction, the bearing surfaces run quietly and long running times without relubrication are achieved. Lubricants must also resist the effects of forces such as centrifugal force, gravity, and vibration.

An important parameter for a long service life of a grease-lubricated roller bearing in the high-temperature range is, in addition to the higher operating temperature, the acoustic behavior of the lubricant. A lubricating grease can cause vibrations in the bearing when it participates in rotation (overturning, bending), which are located as "lubricant noises" in the medium frequency bands between 300 and 1,800 Hz and high between 1,800 and 10,000 Hz, compared to bearing noises in the low frequency band between 50 and 300 Hz. Lubricant noise is superimposed on noise spikes that occur when hard particles roll over the rolling elements in the form of shock pulses on the bearing ring. The evaluation of the acoustic behavior is based on the SKF BeQuief procedure. The noise class of grease is divided from the following way.

GNX : somewhat worse than GN1 (very bad acoustic behavior)

GN1 : >95% of all peaks are <=40 pm/s (bad acoustic performance)

GN2 : >95% of all peaks are <=20 pm/s; > 98% of all peaks are <= 40 pm/s (average acoustic performance)

GN3 : >95% of all peaks are <=10 pm/s; >98% of all peaks are <= 20 pm/s; >100% of all peaks are <= 40 pm/s (good acoustic performance)

GN4: >95% of all peaks are <=5 pm/s; >98% of all peaks are <= 10 pm/s; >100% of all peaks are <= 20 pm/s (very good acoustic performance)

The better the acoustic behavior of a lubricating grease, the lower the bearing vibrations caused by the lubricant. This is synonymous with a low bearing load and leads to a longer bearing life.

The object of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature oil and a high-temperature grease that meet the above-mentioned requirements. In particular, the lubricating oil or grease must show a good lubricating effect at high temperature for a long period of time. Furthermore, the crack residues formed must not be removed, but must be able to be dissolved again with fresh grease. In addition, the high-temperature lubricant must have good hydrolytic stability, corrosion and wear resistance, as well as good oxidation resistance and good low-temperature behavior tailored to the requirements. This is defined for lubricating oils by pour point and for lubricating greases by flow pressure at low temperatures. In addition, the high-temperature grease must exhibit good acoustic performance, have long operating times and essentially show no signs of wear on the devices.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a high temperature oil comprising the following components:

a) between 93.9 and 45% by weight of at least one oil selected from the group of estolides; b) between 6 and 45% by weight of a polymer, namely a fully hydrogenated polyisobutylene or a mixture of hydrogenated and fully hydrogenated polyisobutylene;

c) between 0.1 and 10% by weight of additives, individually or in combination, selected from the group consisting of corrosion protection additives, antioxidants, wear protection additives, UV stabilizers, solid lubricants inorganic or organic.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a high temperature grease comprising the following components:

a) between 91.9 and 25% by weight of at least one oil selected from the group of estolides; b) between 6 and 45% by weight of a polymer, namely a hydrogenated or fully hydrogenated polyisobutylene or a mixture of hydrogenated and fully hydrogenated polyisobutylene;

c) between 0.1 and 10% by weight of additives, individually or in combination, selected from the group consisting of corrosion protection additives, antioxidants, wear protection additives, UV stabilizers, solid lubricants inorganic or organic, and

d) between 2 and 20% by weight of thickener.

Surprisingly, it has been found that the high-temperature oil according to the invention and the high-temperature grease according to the invention are distinguished by excellent performance. The high temperature oil or grease according to the invention shows a high thermal stability combined with a long service life and good lubricating properties.

The high-temperature oil according to the invention comprises an estolide or a mixture of different estolides as ester compound.

The preferred viscosities of the estolides, measured at 40 °C, are between 30 and 500 mm2/sec. Viscosities between 30 and 140 mm2/sec are particularly preferred. By estolides are meant ester compounds which are prepared with acid or enzymatic catalysis from fatty acids, preferably oleic acid or dicarboxylic acids, or a mixture of both. The acid function attacks the double bond of a neighboring oil fatty acid molecule, so that a higher molecular weight ester compound is formed. The terminal acid group is then usually esterified with an alcohol, preferably 2-ethylhexanol, and the remaining double bonds are then hydrogenated or esterified with carboxylic acid, e.g. eg, acetic acid. Other alcohols such as isoamyl alcohol or Guebert alcohols are also conceivable for the esterification of the terminal acid group.

Further estolides can also be synthesized by a condensation of hydroxycarboxylic acids or a condensation of hydroxycarboxylic acids with fatty acids, e.g. eg, derivatives of oleic acid or stearic acid. The chain length of the hydroxycarboxylic acids or unsaturated acids used may vary from Ce to C54. The acids may contain other functional groups, e.g. g., amines, ethers, sulfur-containing groups.

Furthermore, an esterification with alpha-olefins or beta-farnesenes is also conceivable.

The high temperature oil according to the invention may contain a second oil comprising an alkyl aromatic. An aromatic is preferably used. According to the invention, aromatic is understood to mean a monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic ring system of four to fifteen carbon atoms, where the monocyclic ring system is aromatic or at least one of the rings is in an aromatic bi- or tricyclic ring system. . A bicyclic ring system is preferably used, which preferably has 10 carbon atoms.

The aromatic is preferably substituted with one or more aliphatic substituents. The aromatic is particularly preferably substituted with one to four aliphatic substituents and in particular with two or three aliphatic substituents.

According to the invention, an alkyl group is a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having between 1 and 30, preferably between 3 and 20, more preferably between 4 and 17 and in particular between 6 and 15 carbon atoms. An alkyl group may be straight or branched and is optionally substituted with one or more of the aforementioned substituents.

According to the invention, the lubricating oil particularly preferably contains at least one aliphatically substituted naphthalene, in particular at least one alkyl-substituted naphthalene. The naphthalene is preferably substituted with one to four aliphatic substituents and in particular with two or three aliphatic substituents.

Practical tests have shown that mixtures of differently substituted naphthalenes, ie mixtures of naphthalenes having different degrees of substitution and different aliphatic substituents, are particularly suitable. In this case, by varying the composition of the mixture, the properties, such as the viscosity, of the high-temperature lubricant can be adjusted particularly easily. Aliphatically substituted naphthalenes are also distinguished by excellent dissolution properties and high thermo-oxidative stability.

The viscosity, measured at 40°C, of the aliphatic substituted naphthalene is preferably between 30 and 600 mm2/s, more preferably between 30 and 300 m2/s.

The high temperature oil according to the invention also comprises a fully hydrogenated polyisobutylene. A suitable choice of polyisobutylene, in particular with regard to the degree of hydrogenation and the molecular weight, can influence the properties of the oil according to the invention, for example its kinematic viscosity and, above all, the formation of residues, from the desired way. Polyisobutylene is used in fully hydrogenated form; a mixture of hydrogenated and fully hydrogenated polyisobutylene can also be used. Polyisobutylene is present in the composition in an amount of between 6 and 45% by weight, preferably between 10 and 45% by weight, in particular between 15 and 45% by weight.

The high-temperature oil according to the invention further comprises between 0.1 and 10% by weight, additives, which are used individually or in combination and are selected from the group consisting of additives for protection against corrosion, antioxidants, wear protection additives, UV stabilizers and organic or inorganic solid lubricants.

The high-temperature grease according to the invention comprises between 91.9 and 25% by weight of an oil from the estolide group.

The high temperature grease according to the invention may contain a second oil comprising an alkyl aromatic. An aromatic is preferably used. According to the invention, aromatic is understood to mean a monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic ring system of four to fifteen carbon atoms, where the monocyclic ring system is aromatic or at least one of the rings is in an aromatic bi- or tricyclic ring system. . A bicyclic ring system is preferably used, which preferably has 10 carbon atoms.

The aromatic is preferably substituted with one or more aliphatic substituents. The aromatic is particularly preferably substituted with one to four aliphatic substituents and in particular with two or three aliphatic substituents.

According to the invention, an alkyl group is a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having between 1 and 30, preferably between 3 and 20, more preferably between 4 and 17 and in particular between 6 and 15 carbon atoms. A alkyl group may be linear or branched and is optionally substituted with one or more of the aforementioned substituents.

According to the invention, the lubricating grease particularly preferably contains at least one aliphatically substituted naphthalene, in particular at least one alkyl-substituted naphthalene. The naphthalene is preferably substituted with one to four aliphatic substituents and in particular with two or three aliphatic substituents.

Practical tests have shown that mixtures of differently substituted naphthalenes, ie mixtures of naphthalenes having different degrees of substitution and different aliphatic substituents, are particularly suitable. In this case, by varying the composition of the mixture, the properties, such as the viscosity, of the high-temperature lubricant can be adjusted particularly easily. Aliphatically substituted naphthalenes are also distinguished by excellent dissolution properties and high thermo-oxidative stability.

The viscosity, measured at 40°C, of the aliphatic substituted naphthalene is preferably between 30 and 600 mm2/s, more preferably between 30 and 300 m2/s.

The high-temperature grease according to the invention contains at least one oil from the group of the estolides. Preferred viscosities, measured at 40°C, are between 30 and 500 mm2/sec. Viscosities between 30 and 140 mm2/sec are particularly preferred.

The high temperature grease according to the invention also comprises a fully hydrogenated polyisobutylene. A suitable choice of polyisobutylene, in particular with regard to the degree of hydrogenation and the molecular weight, can influence the properties of the fat according to the invention, for example its kinematic viscosity, in the desired manner. Polyisobutylene is used in fully hydrogenated form; a mixture of hydrogenated and fully hydrogenated polyisobutylene can also be used. Fully hydrogenated polyisobutylenes are preferably used. Polyisobutylene is present in the composition in an amount of between 6 and 45% by weight, preferably between 10 and 45% by weight, in particular between 15 and 45% by weight.

According to another preferred embodiment, the polyisobutylene has a number average molecular weight of between 115 and 10,000 g/mol, preferably between 160 and 5,000 g/mol.

The high temperature grease according to the invention further comprises between 0 1 and 10% by weight, additives, which are used individually or in combination and are selected from the group consisting of additives for protection against corrosion, antioxidants, additives wear protection, UV stabilizers and organic or inorganic solid lubricants.

The high temperature grease according to the invention also comprises a thickening medium. The thickening agent in the high-temperature grease of the lubricating composition according to the invention is either a reaction product from a diisocyanate, preferably 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene, 2-6-diisocyanatotoluene, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 2, 4-diisocyanatophenylmethane, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato-3,3'-dimethylphenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato-3,3'-dimethylphenylmethane, which can be used individually or in combination with an amine of general formula R' ² -NR, or a diamine of general formula R'j-NR-NR'z, where R is an aryl, alkyl or alkylene radical having between 2 and 22 carbon atoms and R', of identically or differently, is a hydrogen, an alkyl, alkylene or aryl radical, or with mixtures of amines and diamines or is selected from Al complex soaps, the individual metallic soaps of the elements of the first and second main groups of the periodic table, soaps of metal complexes of the elements of the first and second second main group of the periodic table, bentonite, sulfonate, silicate, Aerosil, polyimide or PTFE or a mixture of the aforementioned thickeners.

As additives for high temperature oils and fats, the following additives have particularly good physical and chemical properties: The addition of antioxidants can reduce or even prevent oxidation of the oil or fat according to the invention, in particular when used. Oxidation can produce undesirable free radicals and, as a result, more high-temperature lubricant breakdown reactions occur. High temperature grease is stabilized by adding antioxidants.

Particularly suitable antioxidants according to the invention are the following compounds:

styrenated diphenylamines, diaromatic amines, phenolic resins, thiophenolic resins, phosphites, butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine, phenyl-beta-naphthylamine, octylated/butylated diphenylamine, di-phatocopherol, di-tert-butylphenyl, benzolpropionic acid, phenolic compounds containing sulfur, phenolic compounds and mixtures of these components.

High temperature grease may also contain corrosion protection additives, metal deactivators or ion complexing agents. These include triazoles, imidazolines, N-methylglycine (sarcosine), benzotriazole derivatives, N,N-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-ar-methyl-1H-benzotriazole-1-methanamine; n-Methyl-N(1-oxo-9-octadecenyl)glycine, mixture of phosphoric acid and mono and diisooctyl esters which react with (C11-14)alkylamines, mixture of phosphoric acid and mono and diisooctyl esters which react with tert-alkylamine and primary amines (C12-14), dodecanoic acid, triphenyl phosphorothionate, and amine phosphates. Commercially available additives are as follows: IRGAMET® 39, IRGACOR® DSS G, Amin O; SARKOSYL® O (Ciba), COBRATEC® 122, CUVAN® 303, VANLUBE® 9123, CI-426, CI-426EP, Cl-429 and CI-498.

Other antiwear additives are amines, amine phosphates, phosphates, thiophosphates, phosphorothionates, and mixtures of these components. Commercially available anti-wear additives include IRGALUBE® TPPT, IRGALUBE® 232, IRGALUBE® 349, IRGALUBE® 211 and ADDITIN® RC3760 Liq 3960, FIRC-SHUN® FG 1505 and FG 1506, NA-LUBE® KR-015FG, LUBEBOND®, FLUORO ® FG, SYNALOX® 40-D, ACHESON® FGA 1820 and ACHESON® FGA 1810.

In addition, the grease may contain solid lubricants such as PTFE, BN, pyrophosphate, Zn oxide, Mg oxide, thiosulfates, Mg carbonate, Ca carbonate, Ca stearate, Zn sulfide, Mo sulfide, W sulfide, Sn -sulfur, graphite, graphene, nanotubes, SiO2 modifications or a mixture thereof.

Practical tests have shown that the high-temperature oil or fat according to the invention exhibits no or negligible decomposition phenomena up to a temperature of 250°C. This means that less than 10% of the lubricant breaks down.

The high temperature oil or grease according to the invention can be used as an additional base oil, preferably selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, aliphatic carboxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid esters, triglycerides of fatty acids, pyromellitic acid ester, diphenyl ether, phloroglucin ester and/or copolymers of poly-alpha-olefins, alpha-olefins.

The oil or fat for high temperatures according to the invention contains an estolide, where the main components of the estolide are preferably obtained by chemical or enzymatic processes from native oils from the group of sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, castor oil, linseed oil, corn oil, diesel oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, Lesquerella oil, palm oil, olive oil or mixtures of the aforementioned oils.

Practical tests have shown that the high-temperature oil or grease according to the invention, due to its physical and chemical properties, is excellent when used in chains, roller and plain bearings, in vehicle technology, conveyor technology, mechanical engineering, office technology and in industrial machines and systems, but also in the fields of home machines and entertainment electronics. Due to its good temperature resistance, it can also be used at high operating temperatures of up to 260 °C, preferably at temperatures between 150 and 250 °C.

The invention also relates to a process for producing the high temperature oil or fat described above, where the base oils and additives are mixed together.

The invention will now be explained in more detail with the help of the following examples.

Examples 1 to 2

Production of an oil at high temperature according to the invention

Stolides or aliphatically substituted naphthalenes are placed in a stirred tank. At 100° C., the polyisobutylene and optionally another oil are added with stirring. The mixture is then stirred for 1 hour to obtain a homogeneous mixture. Anti-wear agents and antioxidant are added to the tank at 60°C while stirring. After approx. 1 hour, the intended container can be filled with the finished oil.

Composition of high temperature oils:

Table 1

Table 2

Example 2 is not according to the invention.

The basic data of the oil examples can be found in Table 3.

Table 3

In addition, the friction behavior of the oils in the SRV according to DIN 51834-2 and the evaporation loss in the dynamic TGA were measured. The results are shown in Tables 4 and 5 and are shown graphically in Figures 1 and 2.

Table 4

Table 5

Examples 3 to 8

Production of a high-temperature grease according to the invention

The base oil is placed in a tank with agitation. At 100 °C, the polyisobutylene and, if necessary, another oil and the thickener are added with stirring. The thickener is created by an in situ reaction of the reagents used in the base oil. The mixture is then heated to 150°C to 210°C, stirred for several hours, and cooled again. In the cooling process to approx. 60 °C the necessary wear protection agents, antioxidants and corrosion protection agents are added. A homogeneous mixture of the fat is obtained by the final homogenization step using a roller, colloid mill or the Gaulin.

The compositions of the greases for high temperatures are shown in Table 6.

Table 6

Examples 4 and 7 are not according to the invention.

The thickeners used in examples 3 to 8 are:

Example 3 LiOH, 12-hydroxystearic acid, azelaic acid,

Example 4 LiOH, 12-hydroxystearic acid, azelaic acid,

Example 5 LiOH, 12-hydroxystearic acid, azelaic acid,

Example 6 dicarbamide; methylene-diphenyl-diisocyanate (MDI), octylamine, oleylamine

Example 7 dicarbamide; MDI, octylamine, oleylamine

Example 8 dicarbamide; MDI, octylamine, oleylamine

The general characteristics of fat samples 3 to 8 are shown in Table 7.

Table 7

The evaporation losses of the different fat samples at 150 °C after 30 h are between 2% and 5%. %, which underlines the very good thermal stability of these grease concepts. Oil separation has a decisive influence on the lubricating effect of a grease. It will have to be ensured that, on the one hand, the oil separation is not too high and the oil leaves the bearing and is therefore no longer available for the Tribo system and, on the other hand, no oil separation is observed and lose the lubricating effect of the grease. The oil separation should ideally be between 0.5 and 8% by weight so that an optimal lubricating film can be formed in the bearing.

The greases in the examples were subjected to a roller bearing test FE 9 according to DIN 51821, where the service life of the examined greases and the upper service temperature of the lubricating greases in roller bearings at medium speeds and axial loads are determined. tights.

The fats analyzed and the results of the L10 and L50 values are shown in Table 8.

Table 8

Table 8 shows that the run times due to the use of PIB in conjunction with various base oils exhibit long run times and are therefore suitable for high application temperatures in continuous operation.

In addition, the acoustic behavior after SKF Be Quiet grease was measured according to Examples 3 to 8. The results are reported in Table 9.

Table 9

The use of fully hydrogenated polyisobutylene has a very positive effect on the noise performance of the various grease formulations. With the exception of Example 6 good to very good noise properties can be achieved.

The properties of the fat according to example 3, where fully hydrogenated PIB was used, were now compared with a fat (comparative example 3) containing a PIB where double bonds were still present, ie a non-fully hydrogenated PIB. The other composition of the fat according to comparative example 3 corresponded to that of example 3.

Table 10

continuation

Comparison of fully hydrogenated PIB and non-fully hydrogenated PIB greases in Table 10 shows that the Example 3 grease shows doubled run time in the FE9 test, exhibits lower evaporation losses and significantly better noise performance.

To demonstrate the advantageous properties of the fully hydrogenated PIB-containing oil, it was compared with an oil containing a partially hydrogenated PIB. Table 11 shows the results.

Table 11

4 = very easily soluble residue after complete evaporation

3 = readily soluble residue after complete evaporation

2 = partially soluble residue after complete evaporation

1 = indissoluble residue after complete evaporation

Table 11 shows that there are significant differences when using fully hydrogenated and partially hydrogenated PIB. For example, it is no longer possible to partially dissolve the residual on the basis of partially GDP hydrogenated, while the fully hydrogenated GDP oil has very good redissolution properties.

Claims (6)

i. High temperature oil comprising a) between 93.9 and 45% by weight of at least one oil from the group of estolides; b) between 6 and 45% by weight of a polymer, namely a fully hydrogenated polyisobutylene or a mixture of hydrogenated and fully hydrogenated polyisobutylene; c) between 0.1 and 10% by weight of additives, individually or in combination, selected from the group consisting of corrosion protection additives, antioxidants, wear protection additives, UV stabilizers, solid lubricants inorganic or organic. 2. Oil for high temperatures according to claim 1, wherein the oily component comprises as additional oil a compound selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, esters of aliphatic carboxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid, triglycerides of fatty acids, pyromellitic acid ester, diphenyl ether, phloroglucin ester and/or poly-alpha-olefins, alpha-olefin copolymers. 3. High temperature grease comprising a) between 91.9 and 25% by weight of at least one oil from the group of estolides; b) between 6 and 45% by weight of a polymer selected from the group consisting of a hydrogenated or fully hydrogenated polyisobutylene or a mixture of hydrogenated and fully hydrogenated polyisobutylene; c) between 0.1 and 10% by weight of additives, individually or in combination, selected from the group consisting of corrosion protection additives, antioxidants, wear protection additives, UV stabilizers, solid lubricants inorganic or organic, and d) between 2 and 20% by weight of thickener. 4. High-temperature grease according to claim 3, wherein the oily component comprises as additional oil a compound selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, esters of aliphatic carboxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid, triglycerides of fatty acids, pyromellitic acid ester, diphenyl ether, phloroglucin ester and/or poly-alpha-olefins, alpha-olefin copolymers. 5. Grease for high temperatures according to claim 3, where the thickening agent is selected from the group consisting of carbamide, Al complex soaps, simple metal soaps of the elements of the first and second main groups of the periodic table, metal complex soaps from the periodic table. elements of the first and second main groups of the periodic table, bentonite, sulfonate, silicate, Aerosil, polyimide, PTFE or a mixture of the aforementioned thickeners. 6. Use of the high-temperature oil or grease according to one of the preceding claims for the lubrication of roller and plain bearings, in vehicle technology, transport technology, machine construction, office technology and in industrial machines and systems, but also in the fields of household machines, entertainment electronics and for the lubrication of chains, chain rollers and belts of continuous presses.