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EP4200289A1 - Matériaux pour dispositifs électroluminescents organiques - Google Patents

Matériaux pour dispositifs électroluminescents organiques

Info

Publication number
EP4200289A1
EP4200289A1 EP21777197.1A EP21777197A EP4200289A1 EP 4200289 A1 EP4200289 A1 EP 4200289A1 EP 21777197 A EP21777197 A EP 21777197A EP 4200289 A1 EP4200289 A1 EP 4200289A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
group
radicals
aromatic
formula
occurrence
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21777197.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Amir Hossain Parham
Philipp Stoessel
Christian Ehrenreich
Jonas Valentin Kroeber
Christian EICKHOFF
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merck Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
Merck Patent GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merck Patent GmbH filed Critical Merck Patent GmbH
Publication of EP4200289A1 publication Critical patent/EP4200289A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C07D405/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C211/00—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
    • C07C211/43—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C211/54—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to two or three six-membered aromatic rings
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    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C255/00—Carboxylic acid nitriles
    • C07C255/49—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton
    • C07C255/50—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton to carbon atoms of non-condensed six-membered aromatic rings
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    • C07C39/205—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring polycyclic, containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic parts with unsaturation outside the rings
    • C07C39/225—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring polycyclic, containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic parts with unsaturation outside the rings with at least one hydroxy group on a condensed ring system
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    • C07C43/205—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring the aromatic ring being a non-condensed ring
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electronic devices, in particular organic electroluminescent devices containing triphenylene derivatives.
  • OLEDs organic electroluminescent devices
  • phosphorescent organometallic complexes are frequently used as emitting materials.
  • OLEDs organic electroluminescent devices
  • the properties of phosphorescent OLEDs are not only determined by the triplet emitters used.
  • the other materials used, such as matrix materials or charge transport materials, are also of particular importance here. Improvements in these materials can therefore also lead to improvements in the OLED properties.
  • Suitable matrix materials for OLEDs are, for example, triphenylene derivatives, such as e.g. B. disclosed in WO 2011/137157 or WO 2012/048781.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide compounds which are suitable for use in an OLED, in particular as a matrix material for phosphorescent emitters or as a hole-transport material, and lead to improved properties there.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide further organic semiconductors for organic electroluminescent devices in order to enable the person skilled in the art to have a greater choice of materials for the production of OLEDs.
  • the present invention relates to a compound of the formula (1), where the R radicals can occur more than once and the following applies to the symbols used:
  • Z is O or S
  • R* is a group of the following formula (2) or (3), where the dashed bond represents the bond to the backbone of formula (1),
  • X is the same or different on each occurrence CR or N, where a maximum of two groups X stand for N, or two adjacent groups X stand for a group of the following formula (4) or (5), the dashed bonds denote the linkage of this group in formula (2);
  • Y the same or different on each occurrence, is CR or N;
  • W is the same or different on each occurrence NAr 2 , O, S or
  • L is a single bond or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more R radicals;
  • Ar 1 , Ar 2 is identical or different on each occurrence and is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more R radicals;
  • R 2 is identical or different on each occurrence and is H, D, F, CN or an aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic organic radical, in particular a hydrocarbon radical, having 1 to 20 carbon atoms in which one or more H atoms have also been replaced by F could be.
  • An aryl group within the meaning of this invention contains 6 to 40 carbon atoms; a heteroaryl group within the meaning of this invention contains 2 to 40 carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom, with the proviso that the sum of carbon atoms and heteroatoms is at least 5.
  • the heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, O and/or S.
  • An aryl group or heteroaryl group is either a simple aromatic cycle, ie benzene, or a simple heteroaromatic cycle. for example pyridine, pyrimidine, thiophene, etc., or a fused (fused) aryl or heteroaryl group, for example naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, quinoline, isoquinoline, etc.
  • aromatics linked to one another by a single bond, such as biphenyl are not referred to as aryl or heteroaryl groups, but as aromatic ring systems.
  • An aromatic ring system within the meaning of this invention contains 6 to 60 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 40 carbon atoms in the ring system.
  • a heteroaromatic ring system within the meaning of this invention contains 2 to 60 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 40 carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom in the ring system, with the proviso that the sum of carbon atoms and heteroatoms is at least 5 results.
  • the heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, O and/or S.
  • systems such as fluorene or 9,9'-spirobifluorene should also be understood as aromatic ring systems within the meaning of this invention.
  • alkyl group is used as a generic term for linear, branched and cyclic alkyl groups.
  • alkenyl group and alkynyl group are used as generic terms for both linear, branched and cyclic alkenyl and alkynyl groups.
  • an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical or an alkyl group or an alkenyl or alkynyl group which can contain 1 to 40 carbon atoms, and in which individual H atoms or CH 2 groups are also substituted by the abovementioned groups can be, preferably the radicals methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, 2-methylbutyl, n-pentyl, s-pentyl, neo-pentyl, cyclopentyl, n-hexyl, neo-hexyl, cyclohexyl, n-heptyl, cycloheptyl, n-octyl, cyclooctyl, 2-ethylhexyl, trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl
  • An alkoxy group OR 1 having 1 to 40 carbon atoms is preferably methoxy, trifluoromethoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, i-butoxy, s-butoxy, t-butoxy, n-pentoxy, s- Pentoxy, 2-methylbutoxy, n-hexoxy, cyclohexyloxy, n-heptoxy, cycloheptyloxy, n-octyloxy, cyclooctyloxy, 2-ethylhexyloxy, pentafluoroethoxy and 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy understood.
  • a thioalkyl group SR 1 having 1 to 40 carbon atoms is, in particular, methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, i-propylthio, n-butylthio, i-butylthio, s-butylthio, t-butylthio, n-pentylthio, s-pentylthio, n-hexylthio, cyclohexylthio, n-heptylthio, cycloheptylthio, n-octylthio, cyclooctylthio, 2-ethylhexylthio, trifluoromethylthio, pentafluoroethylthio, 2,2,2- trifluoroethylthio, ethenylthio, propenylthio, butenylthio, pentenylthio, cyclopenten
  • alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl groups according to the present invention can be straight-chain, branched or cyclic, it being possible for one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups to be replaced by the groups mentioned above; furthermore, one or more H atoms can also be replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO2, preferably F, Cl or CN, particularly preferably F or CN.
  • the above formulation should also be understood to mean that if one of the two radicals is hydrogen, the second radical binds to the position to which the hydrogen atom was bonded, forming a ring.
  • the group R* ie the group of formula (2) or (3), can either be attached to the ring to which no group Z is attached, giving the compounds of the following formula (6), or it can be attached to the same ring as the group Z, resulting in the compounds of the following formula (7), where the radicals R can also occur more than once and the symbols used have the meanings given above.
  • radicals R can also occur more than once and the symbols used have the meanings given above.
  • the compounds of the formulas (6a) and (7a), in particular the compounds of the formula (6a), are particularly preferred.
  • Z is 0.
  • the compounds can be partially or completely deuterated. This applies both to the triphenylene backbone of the compounds and to the substituents R and R*. Partial or complete deuteration of the compounds can lead to an improvement in the service life of the device compared to the undeuterated compounds.
  • the compound of the formula (1) or the preferred embodiments contains a maximum of two substituents R, which represent a group other than H or D, and more preferably a maximum of one substituent R stands for a group other than H or D.
  • the substituents R, which are different from H and D, are preferably attached to a ring other than the group R*.
  • the compounds of the following formulas (6a-1) to (7b-4) are particularly preferred
  • the group L represents a single bond or a divalent aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted with one or more substituents R, preferably non-aromatic substituents R.
  • L particularly preferably represents a single bond or an aromatic ring system having 6 to 12 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more, preferably non-aromatic, R radicals.
  • L is a single bond or a phenylene group linked ortho, meta, or para.
  • L stands for an aromatic ring system, this is preferably selected from the structures of the following formulas (L-1) to (L-20),
  • L particularly preferably represents a single bond or an optionally substituted phenylene group, ie a group of the formula (L-1) to (L-3), in particular (L-1) or (L-2).
  • a maximum of one group X is N. More preferably, all the groups X are the same or different on each occurrence is CR, or two adjacent groups X are a group of formula (4) and the other two groups X are identical or different on each occurrence are CR.
  • two adjacent groups X are a group of the formula (4) or (5), then preferably not more than one group Y is N.
  • the groups Y are particularly preferably identical or different on each occurrence and are CR.
  • W in the group of the formula (4) is preferably NAr 2 or CR 2 .
  • Ar 2 is preferably an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, preferably an aromatic ring system having 6 to 12 aromatic ring atoms, which can each be substituted by one or more R radicals, but is preferred is unsubstituted.
  • the group of the formula (2) is preferably a group according to one of the following formulas (2a) to (2g), where the symbols used have the meanings given above.
  • Preferred embodiments of the formulas (2a) to (2g) are the following formulas (2a-1) to (2g-1), where the symbols used have the meanings given above.
  • the group of the formula (2a) or (2a-1) is particularly preferred.
  • Ar 1 is identical or different on each occurrence for an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R radicals, with the R radicals preferably not being present -are aromatic.
  • Ar 1 is particularly preferably identical or different on each occurrence, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, in particular having 6 to 13 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more, preferably non-aromatic, radicals R.
  • Ar 1 is a heteroaryl group, in particular triazine, pyrimidine, quinazoline or carbazole, preference may also be given to aromatic or heteroaromatic substituents R on this heteroaryl group.
  • Suitable aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems Ar 1 are selected identically or differently on each occurrence from the group consisting of phenyl, biphenyl, in particular ortho-, meta- or para-biphenyl, terphenyl, in particular ortho-, meta-, para- or branched terphenyl, quaterphenyl, in particular ortho-, meta-, para- or branched quaterphenyl, fluorene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, spirobifluorene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2- -, 3- or 4-position can be linked, naphthalene, which can be linked via the 1- or 2-position, indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, carbazole, which
  • Ar 1 is a heteroaryl group, in particular triazine, pyrimidine, quinazoline or carbazole, preference can also be given to aromatic or heteroaromatic radicals R on this heteroaryl group.
  • Ar 1 is preferably selected identically or differently on each occurrence from the groups of the following formulas Ar-1 to Ar-83,
  • Ar 3 is a divalent aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, which can each be substituted by one or more R radicals;
  • a 1 is identical or different on each occurrence and is NR, O, S or C(R) 2 ;
  • R is selected the same or different each time it occurs from the group consisting of H, D, F, CN, OR 1 , a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms, where the alkyl or alkenyl group can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , but is preferably unsubstituted, and where one or more non-adjacent CH2- Groups can be replaced by O, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which can each be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 ; two radicals R can also form an aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring form system.
  • R is particularly preferably selected identically or differently on each occurrence from the group consisting of H, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in particular having 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, where the alkyl group can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , but is preferably unsubstituted, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, each of which is substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , preferably non-aromatic radicals R 1 , can be substituted.
  • R is very particularly preferably selected identically or differently on each occurrence from the group consisting of H, D or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, each replaced by one or more radicals R 1 , preferably non-aromatic radicals R 1 may be substituted.
  • the substituents R which are bonded to the triphenylene skeleton or to Ar 1 are preferably identical or different on each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H, D or an aromatic ring system having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, particularly preferably 6 to 12 aromatic ones Ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more non-aromatic radicals R 1 , but is preferably unsubstituted.
  • the substituents R which are bonded to the triphenylene skeleton or to Ar 1 are particularly preferred, H or D, in particular H.
  • the substituents R attached to the group of the formula (3) are preferably identical or different on each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H, D, an aromatic ring system having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, particularly preferably having 6 to 12 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more non-aromatic radicals R 1 , but is preferably unsubstituted, or a heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 13 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , wherein an aromatic ring system can also be preferred for R 1 here.
  • Suitable aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems R are selected from phenyl, biphenyl, in particular ortho-, meta- or para-biphenyl, terphenyl, in particular ortho-, meta-, para- or branched terphenyl, quaterphenyl, in particular ortho-, meta- , para- or branched quaterphenyl, fluorene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, spirobifluorene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position , Naphthalene, which can be linked via the 1- or 2-position, indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, carbazole, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, dibenzofuran, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, dibenzothiophene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, indenocarbazole, indolocarbazole, pyr
  • the groups R are preferably selected from the groups of the following formulas R-1 to R-83, 5
  • R 1 has the meanings given above, the dashed bond represents the position of the bond of the group and the following also applies:
  • Ar 3 is identical or different on each occurrence and is a bivalent aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more R 1 radicals;
  • a 1 is NR or NR 1
  • the substituent R or R 1 which is bonded to the nitrogen atom, is preferably an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, which can also be replaced by one or more radicals R 1 or R 2 may be substituted.
  • this substituent R or R 1 is identical or different on each occurrence for an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, preferably having 6 to 12 aromatic ring atoms, which has no fused aryl groups or heteroaryl groups in which two or more aromatic or heteroaromatic 6-ring groups are fused directly to one another, and which in each case can also be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 or R 2 .
  • a 1 is C(R) 2 or C(R 1 ) 2
  • the substituents R or R 1 which are bonded to this carbon atom are preferably identical or different on each occurrence for a linear alkyl group with 1 up to 10 carbon atoms or for a branched or cyclic alkyl group with 3 to 10 carbon atoms or for an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, which can also be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 or R 2 .
  • R or R 1 is very particularly preferably a methyl group or a phenyl group.
  • the radicals R and R 1 can also form a ring system with one another, which leads to a spiro system.
  • At least one radical R is an electron-rich heteroaromatic ring system.
  • the electron-rich heteroaromatic ring system is preferably selected from the groups R-13 to R-42 shown above, with the groups R-13 to R-16, R-18 to R-20, R-22 to R-24, R -27 to R-29, R-31 to R-33 and R-35 to R-37 at least one group A 1 is NR 1 , where R 1 is preferably an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system, in particular an aromatic ring system.
  • At least one radical R is an electron-poor heteroaromatic ring system.
  • the electron-poor heteroaromatic ring system is preferably selected from the groups R-47 to R-50, R-57, R-58 and R-76 to R-83 shown above.
  • R 1 is the same or different on each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H, D, F, CN, OR 2 , a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 up to 10 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group with 3 to 10 carbon atoms, it being possible for the alkyl or alkenyl group to be substituted in each case with one or more radicals R 2 and for one or more non-adjacent CH 2 groups to be replaced by O can be replaced, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more R 2 radicals; two or more radicals R 1 can form an aliphatic ring system with one another.
  • R 1 is identical or different on each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in particular having 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, or one branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, where the alkyl group may be substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , but is preferably unsubstituted, or an aromatic or hetero-aromatic ring system having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, each with a or more radicals R 2 may be substituted, but is preferably unsubstituted.
  • R 2 is the same or different on each occurrence of H, F, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which is linked to an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Atoms may be substituted, but is preferably unsubstituted.
  • the alkyl groups in compounds according to the invention which are processed by vacuum evaporation preferably have no more than five carbon atoms, particularly preferably no more than 4 carbon atoms, very particularly preferably no more than 1 carbon atom.
  • the compounds of the formula (1) or the preferred embodiments are used as matrix material for a phosphorescent emitter or in a layer which is directly adjacent to a phosphorescent layer, it is also preferred if the compound does not contain any Contains fused aryl or heteroaryl groups in which more than two six-membered rings are fused directly to one another.
  • the groups Ar, R, R 1 and R 2 are not con- dense aryl or heteroaryl groups in which two or more six-membered rings are fused directly to one another. Exceptions to this are phenanthrene, triphenylene and quinazoline, which can be preferred due to their high triplet energy despite the presence of fused aromatic six-membered rings.
  • a further subject of the present invention is therefore a process for preparing the compounds according to the invention, characterized by the following steps:
  • Formulations of the compounds according to the invention are required for processing the compounds of the formula (1) or the preferred embodiments from the liquid phase, for example by spin coating or by printing processes. These formulations can be, for example, solutions, dispersions or emulsions. It may be preferable to use mixtures of two or more solvents for this.
  • Suitable and preferred solvents are, for example, toluene, anisole, o-, m- or p-xylene, methyl benzoate, mesitylene, tetralin, veratrol, THF, methyl-THF, THP, chlorobenzene, dioxane, phenoxytoluene, in particular 3-phenoxytoluene, (-) -fenchone, 1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-methylbenzothiazole, 2-phenoxyethanol, 2-pyrrolidinone, 3-methylanisole, 4-methylanisole, 3,4 -dimethylanisole, 3,5-dimethylanisole, acetophenone, ⁇ -terpineol, benzothiazole, butyl benzoate, cumene, cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, cyclohexylbenzene, decalin
  • a further subject of the present invention is therefore a formulation containing at least one compound according to the invention and at least one solvent.
  • the compounds of the formula (1) or of the preferred embodiments listed above are used according to the invention in an electronic device, in particular in an organic electroluminescent device.
  • a further subject of the present invention is therefore the use of the compounds according to the invention in electronic devices, in particular in organic electroluminescent devices.
  • Another subject matter of the invention is an electronic device, in particular an organic electroluminescent device, containing at least one compound of the formula (1) or of the preferred embodiments listed above.
  • An electronic device within the meaning of the present invention is a device which contains at least one layer which contains at least one organic compound.
  • the component can also contain inorganic materials or also layers that are made up entirely of inorganic materials.
  • the electronic device is preferably selected from the group consisting of organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs), organic integrated circuits (O-ICs), organic field effect transistors (O-FETs), organic thin-film transistors (O-TFTs), organic light-emitting transistors ( O-LETs), organic solar cells (O-SCs), dye-sensitized organic solar cells (DSSCs), organic optical detectors, organic photoreceptors, organic field quench devices (O-FQDs), light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs). ), organic laser diodes (O-lasers) and “Organic plasmon emitting devices", but preferably organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs), particularly preferably phosphorescent OLEDs.
  • O-ICs organic integrated circuits
  • O-FETs organic field effect transistors
  • OF-TFTs organic thin-film transistors
  • O-LETs organic light-emitting transistors
  • O-SCs organic solar cells
  • DSSCs dye-sen
  • the organic electroluminescent device contains cathode, anode and at least one emitting layer. In addition to these layers, it can also contain further layers, for example one or more hole-injection layers, hole-transport layers, hole-blocking layers, electron-transport layers, electron-injection layers, exciton-blocking layers, electron-blocking layers and/or charge-generation layers. Likewise, interlayers can be introduced between two emitting layers, which have an exciton-blocking function, for example. However, it should be pointed out that each of these layers does not necessarily have to be present. In this case, the organic electroluminescent device can contain an emitting layer, or it can contain a plurality of emitting layers.
  • emission layers are present, these preferably have a total of several emission maxima between 380 nm and 750 nm, so that overall white emission results, i. H. in the emitting layers different emitting compounds are used which can fluoresce or phosphoresce. Systems with three emitting layers are particularly preferred, with the three layers showing blue, green and orange or red emission.
  • the organic electroluminescence device according to the invention can also be a tandem OLED, in particular for white-emitting OLEDs.
  • connection according to the embodiments listed above can be used in different layers, depending on the precise structure. Preference is given to an organic electroluminescent device containing a compound of the formula (1) or the preferred embodiments outlined above in an emitting layer as matrix material for phosphorescent emitters or for emitters which show TADF (thermally activated delayed fluorescence), in particular for phos- phorescent emitters.
  • the organic electroluminescence device can contain one emitting layer or it can have several contain emitting layers, wherein at least one emitting layer contains at least one compound according to the invention as matrix material.
  • the compound according to the invention can also be used in an electron transport layer and/or in a hole blocking layer and/or in a hole transport layer and/or in an exciton blocking layer.
  • the compound is used as matrix material for a phosphorescent compound in an emitting layer, it is preferably used in combination with one or more phosphorescent materials (triplet emitters).
  • phosphorescence is understood to mean luminescence from an excited state with a higher spin multiplicity, ie a spin state>1, in particular from an excited triplet state.
  • all luminescent complexes with transition metals or lanthanides, in particular all iridium, platinum and copper complexes are to be regarded as phosphorescent compounds.
  • the mixture of the compound of the formula (1) or the preferred embodiments and the emitting compound contains between 99 and 1% by volume, preferably between 98 and 10% by volume, particularly preferably between 97 and 60% by volume, in particular between 95 and 80% by volume of the compound of the formula (1) or of the preferred embodiments, based on the total mixture of emitter and matrix material.
  • the mixture contains between 1 and 99% by volume, preferably between 2 and 90% by volume, particularly preferably between 3 and 40% by volume, in particular between 5 and 20% by volume, of the emitter, based on the total mixture emitter and matrix material.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the present invention is the use of the compound of the formula (1) or the preferred embodiments as matrix material for a phosphorescent emitter in combination with a further matrix material.
  • Suitable matrix materials which can be used in combination with the compounds according to the invention are aromatic ketones, aromatic phosphine oxides or aromatic sulphoxides or sulphones, e.g. B. according to WO 2004/013080, WO 2004/093207, WO 2006/005627 or WO 2010/006680, triarylamines, carbazole derivatives, z. B.
  • CBP N, N-bis carbazolylbiphenyl
  • WO 2005/039246 US 2005/0069729, JP 2004/288381
  • EP 1205527 WO 2008/086851 or WO 2013/041176, indolocarbazole derivatives, z. B. according to WO 2007/063754 or WO 2008/056746, indenocarbazole derivatives, z. B. according to WO 2010/136109, WO 2011/000455, WO 2013/041176 or WO 2013/056776, azacarbazole derivatives, z. B. according to EP 1617710, EP 1617711, EP 1731584, JP 2005/347160, bipolar matrix materials, z. B.
  • WO 2010/054730 bridged carbazole derivatives, z. B. according to WO 2011/042107, WO 2011/060867, WO 2011/088877 and WO 2012/143080, triphenylene derivatives, z. B. according to WO 2012/048781, or dibenzofuran derivatives, z. according to WO 2015/169412, WO 2016/015810, WO 2016/023608, WO 2017/148564 or WO 2017/148565.
  • another phosphorescent emitter which emits at a shorter wavelength than the actual emitter, can be present as a co-host in the mixture, or a compound that does not participate, or does not participate to a significant extent, in charge transport, as for example in WO 2010/108579 described.
  • the materials are used in combination with another matrix material.
  • the compounds of the formula (1) or the preferred embodiments are electron-rich compounds.
  • Preferred co-matrix materials are therefore electron-transporting compounds, which are preferably selected from the group of triazines, pyrimidines, quinazolines, quinoxalines and lactams or derivatives of these structures.
  • Preferred triazine, pyrimidine, quinazoline or quinoxaline derivatives, which as a mixture together with the compounds according to the invention fertilizers can be used are the compounds of the following formulas (7), (8), (9) and (10), where R has the meanings given above.
  • R is preferably identical or different on each occurrence for H or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more R 1 radicals.
  • triazine derivatives of the formula (7) or (7a) and the quinaxoline derivatives of the formula (10) or (10a), in particular the triazine derivatives of the formula (7) or (7a), are particularly preferred.
  • Ar 1 in the formulas (7a), (8a), (9a) and (10a) is identical or different on each occurrence, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, in particular with 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R radicals can.
  • Suitable aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems Ar 1 are the same as those listed above as embodiments for Ar 1 , in particular the structures Ar-1 to Ar-83.
  • Suitable triazine and pyrimidine compounds which can be used as matrix materials together with the compounds according to the invention are the compounds shown in the table below.
  • lactams examples include the structures shown in the table below:
  • Particularly suitable as phosphorescent compounds are compounds which, with suitable excitation, emit light, preferential wise in the visible range, and also contain at least one atom with an atomic number greater than 20, preferably greater than 38 and less than 84, particularly preferably greater than 56 and less than 80, in particular a metal with this atomic number.
  • the phosphorescence emitters used are preferably compounds which contain copper, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium, ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, indium, palladium, platinum, silver, gold or europium, in particular compounds which contain indium or platinum.
  • Examples of the emitters described above can be found in applications WO 00/70655, WO 2001/41512, WO 2002/02714, WO 2002/15645, EP 1191613, EP 1191612, EP 1191614, WO 05/033244, WO 05/019373, US 2005/ 0258742 WO 2009/146770 WO 2010/015307 WO 2010/031485 WO 2010/054731 WO 2010/054728 WO 2010/086089 WO 2010/099852 WO 2010/102709 WO 2010/099852 066898, WO 2011/157339, WO 2012/007086, WO 2014/008982, WO 2014/023377, WO 2014/094961, WO 2014/094960, WO 2015/036074, WO 2015/104045, WO 2015/104045, WO 2015/12018/12015/ 015815, WO 2016/124304, WO 2017/032439, WO 2018/011186 and
  • Examples of phosphorescent dopants are listed below.
  • an organic electroluminescence device characterized in that one or more layers are coated using a sublimation process.
  • the materials are vapour-deposited in vacuum sublimation systems at an initial pressure of less than 10 -5 mbar, preferably less than 10 -6 mbar. However, it is also possible for the initial pressure to be even lower, for example less than 10 -7 mbar.
  • An organic electroluminescent device is also preferred, characterized in that one or more layers are coated using the OVPD (organic vapor phase deposition) method or with the aid of carrier gas sublimation.
  • the materials are applied at a pressure between 10 -5 mbar and 1 bar.
  • OVPD organic vapor phase deposition
  • a special case of this process is the OVJP (Organic Vapor Jet Printing) process, in which the materials are applied directly through a nozzle and thus structured.
  • an organic electroluminescent device characterized in that one or more layers of solution, such as. B. by spin coating, or with any printing method, such as. B. screen printing, flexographic printing, offset printing, LITI (Light Induced Thermal Imaging, thermal transfer printing), ink-jet printing (ink jet printing) or nozzle printing.
  • any printing method such as. B. screen printing, flexographic printing, offset printing, LITI (Light Induced Thermal Imaging, thermal transfer printing), ink-jet printing (ink jet printing) or nozzle printing.
  • Hybrid processes are also possible, in which, for example, one or more layers are applied from solution and one or more further layers are vapor-deposited.
  • OLEDs containing the compounds of the formula (1) as matrix material for phosphorescent emitters lead to long service lives. This applies in particular when the compounds are used as matrix material for a phosphorescent emitter. In particular, the OLEDs show an improved lifetime compared to OLEDs with matrix materials which, although they have the same bridged triphenylene basic structure, have a different substitution pattern and not exactly one substituent R*. 2. OLEDs containing the compounds of the formula (1) lead to high efficiencies. This applies in particular when the compounds are used as matrix material for a phosphorescent emitter.
  • OLEDs containing the compounds of the formula (1) lead to low operating voltages. This applies in particular when the compounds are used as matrix material for a phosphorescent emitter.
  • purification can also be carried out by distillation or column chromatography, or other common solvents such as ethanol, butanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, toluene, xylene, dichloromethane, methanol, tetrahydrofuran, n-butyl acetate, 1,4-dioxane can be used for recrystallization , dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, etc. can be used.
  • Pd(PCy 3 ) 2 Cl 2 or Pd 2 (dba) 3 with S-Phos (1:3) can also be used as the catalyst system.
  • hot extraction can also be used for purification; other common solvents such as ethanol, butanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, toluene, xylene, dichloromethane, methanol, tetrahydrofuran, n-butyl acetate, 1,4-dioxane can be used for recrystallization or hot extraction or high boilers such as dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, etc. can be used for recrystallization.
  • the combined organic phases are dried over Na2SO 4 and the solvent is drawn off on a rotary evaporator.
  • the crude product is basic hot-extracted four times with toluene over Alox, recrystallized twice from DMAc and finally sublimated in a high vacuum.
  • Common solvents such as ethanol, butanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, toluene, xylene, dichloromethane, methanol, tetra- hydrofuran, n-butyl acetate, 1,4-dioxane or, for recrystallization, high boilers such as dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, etc. can be used.
  • the precipitated solid is filtered off with suction, washed twice with water and THF and then washed with ethanol.
  • the raw product is basic hot extracted five times with toluene over Alox and then sublimated in a high vacuum. Yield: 15.95 g (22.0 mmol, 55%); Purity >99.9% according to HPLC.
  • Common solvents such as ethanol, butanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, toluene, xylene, dichloromethane, methanol, tetrahydrofuran, n-butyl acetate, 1,4-dioxane or high boilers such as dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, etc. can be used.
  • Common solvents such as ethanol, butanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, toluene, xylene, dichloromethane, methanol, tetrahydrofuran, n-butyl acetate, 1,4-dioxane or high boilers such as dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylform- amide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, etc. can be used.
  • Pretreatment for examples V1 to V8 and E1a to E8c Glass flakes coated with structured ITO (indium tin oxide) with a thickness of 50 nm are first treated with an oxygen plasma, followed by an argon plasma, before coating. These plasma-treated glass flakes form the substrates on which the OLEDs are applied.
  • structured ITO indium tin oxide
  • OLEDs have the following layer structure: substrate / hole injection layer (HIL) / hole transport layer (HTL) / electron blocking layer (EBL) / emission layer (EML) / optional hole blocking layer (HBL) / electron transport layer (ETL) / optional electron injection layer (EIL). ) and finally a cathode.
  • the cathode is formed by a 100 nm thick aluminum layer.
  • Table 1 The materials required to produce the OLEDs are shown in Table 3 unless they have already been described previously.
  • the device data of the OLEDs are listed in Table 2.
  • Examples V1 to V8 are comparative examples. Examples E1a-f, E2a-e, E3a, E3b, E4a-c, E5a-e, E6a, E7a, E7b and E8a-c show data from OLEDs according to the invention.
  • the emission layer always consists of at least two matrix materials and an emitting dopant (dopant, emitter), which is admixed to the matrix material or matrix materials by co-evaporation in a certain proportion by volume.
  • dopant emitter
  • a specification such as E1 :P1a:TE2 (32%:60%:8%) means that the material E1 accounts for 32% by volume, P1a for 60% by volume and TE2 for 8% by volume in the layer present.
  • the electron transport layer can also consist of a mixture of two materials.
  • the electroluminescence spectra are determined at a luminance of 1000 cd/m 2 and the CIE 1931 x and y color coordinates are calculated therefrom.
  • the information U10 in Table 9 designates the voltage that is required for a current density of 10 mA/cm 2 .
  • EQE10 denotes the external quantum efficiency achieved at 10 mA/cm 2 .
  • the lifetime LD is defined as the time after which the luminance is measured in cd/m 2 in the forward direction, when operated with a constant current density jo from the starting luminance to a certain proportion L1.
  • the materials according to the invention are used in the examples E1a-f, E2a-d, E3a, E3b, E4a-c, E5a-e, E6a, E7a, E7b and E8a-c as matrix materials, electron blockers or hole transport materials in emission, electron blocking or Hole transport layer of green phosphorescent OLEDs used.
  • the materials SdT1, SdT2, SdT3 and SdT4 are used in combination with the host materials E1, E2 and E3 in comparative examples V1 to V8.

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  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
  • Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des composés appropriés pour être utilisés dans des dispositifs électroniques, ainsi que des dispositifs électroniques, en particulier des dispositifs électroluminescents organiques, contenant lesdits composés.
EP21777197.1A 2020-08-19 2021-08-16 Matériaux pour dispositifs électroluminescents organiques Pending EP4200289A1 (fr)

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