EP4086401A1 - Heat-insulating toothed component and method for constructing a building section - Google Patents

Abstract

Proposed is a heat-insulating toothed component (1) for power transmission between two load-bearing concrete components, in particular a vertical building wall (15) and a floor slab (16) above or below, the toothed component (1) being laid in a plurality individually or in composite groups between the concrete components Has trough elements (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) which are at least partially made of a heat-insulating material. The trough elements (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) each have a trough base (51, 61, 71, 81, 91), a trough opening (52, 62, 72, 82, 92) and a wall (53, 63, 73, 83, 93) extending laterally from the trough base (51, 61, 71, 81, 91) to the trough opening (52, 62, 72, 82, 92). . The toothed component (1) also has a base body (2) which cuts out the trough openings and has a first contact side (3) and a second contact side (4) opposite the first contact side (3) and the trough elements (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) form protruding projections in relation to the first contact side (3). The walls (53, 63, 73, 83, 93) of the trough elements (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) are made of a first elastomer, so that the trough elements act as elastomer bearings between the concrete components.

Description

The present invention relates to a heat-insulating toothed component for power transmission between two load-bearing concrete components, in particular a vertical building wall and a floor above or below, and a method for creating a building section that comprises two load-bearing concrete components and at least one heat-insulating toothed component arranged between these concrete components.

In building construction, load-bearing, vertically aligned concrete components are often created from concrete structures provided with reinforcement. The difficulty arises here that the load-bearing, vertically aligned concrete components on which the building rests, such as building walls and columns, must be connected in a load-bearing manner to the concrete components located above or below, in particular to a floor or basement ceiling. When the vertically oriented concrete component is connected to a horizontally oriented basement ceiling below or a horizontally oriented floor slab above it, a so-called compound joint is formed between the vertically oriented concrete component and the basement slab or between the vertically oriented concrete component and the floor slab. In the area of this compound joint, there are vertical pressure forces, thermally induced shear forces acting parallel to the compound joint, and transverse forces. The shear forces are caused by a temperature difference between the vertically aligned concrete component and the floor slab and the associated different thermal expansion of the adjacent concrete components in the area of the bonded joint, which results in a relative displacement of the concrete components among themselves. These shear forces can, for example, lead to cracking in the concrete in the area of the bonded joint. On the one hand, these cracks can negatively affect the appearance of the concrete components, but on the other hand they can also have a negative effect on the statics of the building. To one In order to achieve sufficient positive locking of the load-bearing, vertically oriented concrete component with the floor slab, the floor slab can be connected to the load-bearing, vertically oriented concrete component with continuous reinforcement. However, this creates thermal bridges that have to be compensated for by an increased energy requirement for heating the building. In order to reduce thermal conduction between the load-bearing, vertically oriented concrete component and the floor slab, concrete components can be provided with thermal insulation applied from the outside. In particular, the ceiling between the basement, such as the basement or underground car park, and the ground floor can be equipped with thermal insulation on the basement side. However, the reduction in heat conduction through the thermal insulation applied from the outside is insufficient.

In order to further reduce the heat conduction between the load-bearing, vertically oriented concrete component and the horizontally oriented concrete component, DE 10 2018 130 843 A1 a thermal insulation element made of lightweight concrete for power transmission and thermal insulation between the concrete components. This thermal insulation element comprises a base body, which can be arranged between the concrete components and is made of compressive force-transmitting and thermally insulating lightweight concrete, which has two opposing contact surfaces for the concrete components. A thermal separation is achieved by the material used (lightweight concrete). Due to the thermal separation, large jumps in temperature occur between the building parts. In the case of large building parts such as a building wall and a floor slab, the associated different thermal expansion can lead to stresses and relative displacements between the concrete components, which can lead to static problems. The base body of this thermal insulation element therefore has a plurality of projections which protrude in relation to these contact surfaces. In the installed state of the thermal insulation element between the concrete components, these projections enable the formation of a toothed compound joint between the concrete components, through which an introduction of the shear forces that occur is made possible in the adjacent parts of the building. The formation of the projections from lightweight concrete, which has a high modulus of elasticity (abbr.: E-modulus) can be achieved with a sufficiently high Relative displacement of the projections with respect to the adjacent concrete component and the resulting shear forces lead to cracking in the adjacent concrete component.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a heat-insulating toothed component and a method for the construction of the building section which, compared to the prior art, improves the absorption and transmission of the relative displacement between two concrete components, in particular between a load-bearing, vertically aligned concrete component and a horizontally oriented concrete component, allow resulting shear forces while reducing the heat conduction between the concrete components.

This object is achieved by a heat-insulating toothed component according to claim 1 and a method for constructing a building section according to claim 12. Advantageous configurations can be found in the dependent claims.

In the case of a heat-insulating toothed component, according to the invention, a plurality of trough elements to be laid individually or in composite groups between the concrete components are provided, which are at least partially made of a heat-insulating material. These trough elements each have a trough base, a trough opening opposite the trough base and a wall extending laterally from the trough base to the trough opening. The toothed component also comprises a base body which cuts out the trough openings and has a first contact side and a second contact side opposite the first contact side, the trough elements forming projections which protrude in relation to the first contact side. The contact sides are used in particular for contact with adjacent in-situ concrete and are designed for this purpose.

By cutting out the trough openings in the base body, liquid concrete can be poured through the trough openings into the inner area of the trough elements enclosed by the wall and trough base when a building section is constructed that comprises two concrete components and the heat-insulating toothed component arranged between the concrete components and harden there. In other words, the inner areas of the trough elements are used to hold liquid concrete when the concrete component that rests on the second side of the plant is being created. As a result, the concrete component adjoining the trough openings or resting on the second contact side and the hardened concrete in the interior are designed in one piece or monolithically. The trough elements, which protrude at least from the first contact side, thus cause a toothing between the toothed component and the adjacent concrete components transverse to the direction of the compressive force when the toothed component is installed between two concrete components, which ensures that the laterally directed force components are effectively introduced into the adjacent concrete components.

According to the invention, the base body is at least partially made of a heat-insulating material and therefore reduces the heat conduction between the concrete components when the toothed component is installed. Several base bodies can be laid in a line with their short end faces edge to edge without leaving a gap between them. As a result, the compressive force transmission between the two load-bearing concrete components is distributed linearly over the entire length of the bonded joint instead of on individual support points. The end-to-end laying leads to a thermal separation of the adjacent concrete components, which can further reduce heat conduction. The base body of the toothed component is preferably cuboid, with its longitudinal axis defining the laying direction of the base body.

According to the invention, the walls of the trough elements are made of at least one first elastomer. If there is a temperature difference between the adjacent concrete components in the area of the compound joint, this leads to different expansions of the adjacent concrete components. These different expansions result in a relative displacement of the concrete components with one another and the resulting shear forces. Due to the elastic properties of the first elastomer of the wall of the trough elements, these shearing forces can be absorbed at least partially or even completely by deforming the first elastomer and thus the wall. After the shear forces are gone, the wall can return to its original shape due to its elastic properties. Under The term "elastomer" is a polymer plastic (artificial or natural origin, such as natural or chloroprene rubber) to understand that is dimensionally stable but at least partially elastically deformable. When the tensile or compressive stress is removed, the polymer returns to its original state. As a result, the first elastomer of the wall is reversibly deformable, which means that the toothed component according to the invention enables improved absorption of the shear forces occurring during the thermally induced relative displacement of the two concrete components with respect to the prior art. The trough elements thus form elastomer bearings between the adjacent concrete components.

The first elastomer also has heat-insulating properties, so that when the toothed component is installed between the concrete components, heat conduction between the concrete components is also reduced in the area of the wall. However, this thermal insulation is not as strong as compared to conventional thermal insulation materials such as duroplastic rigid polyurethane foam or thermoplastic, expanded polystyrene. However, this disadvantage is compensated for by the elastic properties of the first elastomer when absorbing shear forces.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for creating a building section. This building section to be created comprises two load-bearing concrete components, in particular a vertically aligned building wall and a floor above or below, and at least one heat-insulating toothed component arranged between the concrete components. In a first method step (a) of this method, a first formwork for a first concrete component and a first reinforcement in the first formwork are first created. The first concrete component can be, for example, the load-bearing, vertically aligned building wall. Then, in a second method step (b), liquid concrete is poured into the first formwork, the first formwork either already comprising the toothed component or the toothed component is inserted into the liquid concrete after the liquid concrete has been poured in. The liquid concrete surrounds the first reinforcement at least partially or even completely. The liquid concrete then hardens in a process step (c). Before hardening the liquid concrete can still be compacted, ie the air content in the still liquid concrete can be reduced. Hydration occurring during hardening is a chemical reaction between cement and water and/or aggregate that can last from several hours to days. In process step (c), this hardening can take place passively, ie essentially without additional heating. In this case, you have to wait several hours to days until the liquid concrete has hardened by itself. However, it is also within the scope of the invention that the hardening can be carried out actively by heating the liquid concrete. By heating up, the reaction time of the hydration can be shortened and thus the hardening can be accelerated. In a method step (d), a second formwork for a second concrete component and a second reinforcement in the second formwork are created. The second concrete component can be the floor slab, for example. Then, in a further process step (e), liquid concrete is poured into the second formwork. The second formwork is arranged in such a way that when liquid concrete is poured into an interior area of the second formwork, liquid concrete flows over the toothed component and through the openings in the base body and the trough openings into the interior area of the trough elements. The liquid concrete then hardens in a process step (f). As a result, the concrete component adjoining the trough openings or resting on the second contact side and the hardened concrete in the interior are designed in one piece or monolithically. The liquid concrete can also be compacted before it hardens.

Temperature differences of different magnitudes can occur in the area of the bonded joint between two concrete components, which can lead to different relative displacements of the concrete components among one another and different shear forces along the bonded joint. In order to be able to optimally absorb these shearing forces of different strengths along the bond joint between two concrete components, a first advantageous embodiment of the toothed component according to the invention provides that the wall of at least one first trough element has a spring stiffness that differs from the spring stiffness of the walls of the other trough elements in each case.

The deformability and thus the spring stiffness of elastomers depends, among other things, on their density. The density of an elastomer can be controlled during manufacture by the amount of blowing agent added. For example, a wall with a lower density of the first elastomer has a low spring stiffness, while a wall with a higher density of the first elastomer has a higher spring stiffness.

In addition to the density, the deformability of elastomers also depends to a large extent on the so-called form factor, i.e. the ratio of the pressed area to the lateral area. A large surface area allows the elastomer, which is incompressible per se, to move sideways. With decreasing spring stiffness, increasing deformations can be absorbed with the same resultant force. Since elastomers with blowing agents are difficult to handle in terms of production technology, solid material can be used instead of foamed elastomers by realizing different spring stiffnesses by changing the form factor (knob shapes, additional grooves, etc.).

The toothed component can also have several trough elements, the first elastomer of which has a different density than the density of the first elastomer of the wall of the respective other trough elements. In particular, it is advantageous if the walls of at least part of the trough elements, seen in the laying direction, have a spring stiffness that increases or decreases from trough element to trough element. The selection of the density and thus the spring stiffness of the first elastomer enables a controlled absorption of shear forces of different magnitudes along the bonded joint.

It is also possible that several trough elements are each combined to form a trough element group and the spring stiffness increases or decreases from trough element group to trough element group. This simplifies the manufacture of the trough elements. Instead of a spring stiffness that ideally increases or decreases linearly, a desired course of the stiffness can be realized here by a spring stiffness that changes in sections. For example, trough elements with 4 or 5 different rigidities can be prefabricated for a building. These can be grouped in 1-2 m pieces and in Composite groups of trough elements are each laid the same stiffness.

An aspect of the invention that builds on this is that a first of the trough elements can represent an (at least imaginary) zero point of deformation between the adjacent concrete components. The corresponding trough element is therefore made more rigid than the other trough elements. As the distance from the trough element, which represents the zero point of deformation, increases, a temperature difference between the two concrete components leads to increasing relative displacements, which are permitted by the elastomeric bearings and only generate comparatively low restoring forces. In the case of large wall lengths, a decreasing rigidity of the trough elements with increasing distance from the first trough element can therefore be useful. The relationship between the distance from the zero point of deformation and the spring stiffness of the elastomeric bearing is therefore inversely proportional. The controlled reduction in spring stiffness of the trough elements forming the elastomer bearings can prevent the formation of cracks due to thermal expansion of the adjacent concrete components. As explained, the spring stiffness can be realized by different densities or different areas or different (geometric) form factors of the trough elements. Here, too, it can be advantageous for reasons of production efficiency to approximate an ideally linear relationship between spring stiffness and distance from the zero point of deformation by a stepped course of trough elements laid in composite groups, each with the same stiffness.

In a further preferred embodiment, the trough bottoms of the trough elements are made of at least one second elastomer. So that the toothed component in the area of the trough bases can absorb and transmit the vertically acting compressive forces occurring between the concrete components when installed (so-called compressive force transmission), the trough bases preferably have a higher spring stiffness than the adjacent wall. Due to the higher spring stiffness of the trough bottoms compared to their walls, their deformability due to the compressive forces acting is less pronounced. It is within the scope of the invention that the first and the second elastomer are different and can therefore have spring stiffnesses that differ from one another due to the material.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the toothed component according to the invention, the first and/or second elastomer have a density in the range from 200 kg/m ³ to 1250 kg/m ³ , preferably from 600 kg/m ³ to 1100 kg/m ³ , particularly preferably 1050 kg/ ^m3 .

In order to enable a constraint-free, horizontal relative displacement of the concrete components among one another, the base body and/or the trough base has a layered structure which comprises a core layer made of heat-insulating material and/or compressive force-transmitting material and at least one outer layer delimiting the core layer on one side. The outer layer is formed from a lubricious material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polyoxymethylene (POM). The lubricious material can be applied as a film to the core layer. Alternatively, the slippery material can also be sprayed or brushed on. The outer layer made of the slippery material decouples the concrete components from each other and allows - as already mentioned - a constraint-free, horizontal relative displacement of the concrete components to each other. Thus, the shear forces occurring during the relative displacement can be absorbed by the first elastomer of the wall, while at least one concrete component can slide along the outer layer, i.e. parallel to the bonded joint. Furthermore, the layered structure can also comprise a second outer layer made of the slippery material and delimiting the core layer on a side of the layered structure opposite the first outer layer. Furthermore, the layered structure can also comprise a plurality of outer layers delimiting the core layer on one side or on both sides. This improves the decoupling of the components from one another.

In a further preferred embodiment, the heat-insulating and/or compressive-force-transmitting material of the core layer is a third elastomer. This third elastomer preferably has a spring stiffness that is higher than the spring stiffness of the first elastomer. The first elastomer and/or the second elastomer and/or the third elastomer are preferably selected independently of one another from the group formed by natural rubber, synthetic rubber, in particular ethylene-propylene-diene (monomer) rubber (EPDM), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), polyurethane elastomer and chlorobutadiene rubber. These elastomers not only have elastic properties, but are also thermally insulating.

A further advantageous embodiment of the toothed component according to the invention provides that the toothed component is designed in several parts in the manner of a kit, the toothed component being composed of a plurality of individual trough elements and at least one separate base body. Such a kit should also be understood as a gearing component in the sense of the invention and is included in the invention. The trough elements can be delivered and installed individually or connected to one another ex works in groups, or delivered individually and connected to one another in groups before installation on the construction site.

The multi-part design has the advantage that when constructing a building section that has two load-bearing concrete components and at least one heat-insulating toothed component arranged between the concrete components, the trough elements can first be inserted into the still liquid concrete of a first concrete component. Thereafter, the base body is placed on the trough elements and the liquid concrete in such a way that passages formed in the base body are each individually aligned with one of the trough openings. Between the insertion of the trough elements and the placement of the base body, the liquid concrete can still be compacted and/or smoothed out. The plurality of individual trough elements and the base body separate from them can be connected to one another during assembly, in particular welded or glued.

In order to further improve the transmission of shear forces in the area of the connecting joint, in a further preferred embodiment the base body and an outside of the wall facing away from the trough opening of the trough elements enclose an angle α to one another which is greater than or equal to 90°. The angle α preferably has a value from 90° to 150°, more preferably from 100° to 135° and particularly preferably from 105° to 120°. If the angle α is greater than 90°, the trough bottom has smaller dimensions than the trough opening.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the trough bottom and/or the trough opening are designed to be polygonal, elliptical or circular. In the case of a polygonal design, the trough bottom and/or the trough opening have a number of corner points n, which are connected to one another by an identical number of lines m. In the case of a polygonal design, the trough base and/or the trough opening preferably have a number of corner points n=4 and are designed as cams or ribs. In the case of cams, these can have a square trough base and can be distributed evenly along at least the first contact side on the base body. In the case of ribs, these extend along at least the first contact side, preferably transversely to the longitudinal axis of the base body, and are in particular open at their short end faces, ie are designed without an end-side extension of the wall.

In a preferred embodiment, the toothed component has at least one rod-shaped force transmission element, which at least traverses the trough floor and can be connected to the concrete components. This rod-shaped force transmission element enables a quasi-monolithic connection of the adjacent concrete components, especially in the direction of shear forces. With the help of such a force transmission element, the previously mentioned zero point of deformation can be realized. The rod-shaped power transmission element is firmly anchored in the toothed component. The rod-shaped force transmission element is preferably a dowel or a reinforcing bar. In addition, it can be provided within the scope of the invention that the rod-shaped force transmission element is made of stainless steel or a fiber composite material. As a result, the heat conduction between the concrete components can be further reduced. In order to further improve the transverse force transmission, a further advantageous embodiment of the concrete component according to the invention provides that the rod-shaped force transmission element traverses the trough bottom and the trough opening.

The building section can be created on site at a construction site. In this case, the first or second formwork, with which the vertically aligned building wall is created, is aligned vertically or perpendicularly, so that the liquid concrete can be poured into the formwork, which is open at the top. Concrete components can also be produced in a precast concrete plant when the concrete component to be produced is in a lying or horizontal state. For example, the vertically oriented building wall can be produced lying flat in the precast concrete plant and then transported to a construction site where the building section is being constructed. In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the first formwork for the horizontal production of one of the two concrete components comprises a substantially horizontally aligned formwork panel with a formwork frame fixed to the formwork panel and protruding from a panel plane of the formwork panel. The formwork panel and the formwork frame define an interior area to be filled with concrete. According to the invention, the formwork frame has the toothed component as a formwork element. Thereafter, concrete is poured into the interior, this concrete is preferably compacted and then hardens. After the concrete has hardened, the formwork panel and the formwork frame can be removed except for the toothed component and the concrete component can be transferred from its lying position on the formwork panel into a horizontal transport position. The concrete component is then ready for installation in the building section. The toothed component remains on the concrete component as lost formwork.

Figur 1

eine Seitenansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels eines Verzahnungsbauteils;

Figur 2

ein Detail eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels in Seitenansicht;

Figur 3

eine Seitenansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels eines Verzahnungsbauteils;

Figur 4

ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Gebäudeabschnitts mit dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel des Verzahnungsbauteils, das zwischen zwei Betonbauteilen angeordnet ist;

Figur 5

ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Verzahnungsbauteils mit zu-sätzlicher Längsrippe und

Figur 6

ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Verzahnungsbauteils mit Längsrippe im Bereich eines Trogbodens.

Further features, advantages and properties of the present invention are explained below using the figures and using exemplary embodiments. show it

figure 1

a side view of a first embodiment of a toothed component;

figure 2

a detail of a second embodiment in side view;

figure 3

a side view of a second embodiment of a toothed component;

figure 4

an embodiment of a building section with the first embodiment of the interlocking component being arranged between two concrete components;

figure 5

a third exemplary embodiment of a toothed component with an additional longitudinal rib and

figure 6

a fourth exemplary embodiment of a toothed component with a longitudinal rib in the region of a trough bottom.

figure 1 shows a side view of a first embodiment of a heat-insulating toothed component 1 for power transmission between two load-bearing concrete components. This toothed component 1 comprises a base body 2 with a first contact side 3 and a second contact side 4 opposite the first contact side 2 for connection to the concrete components. The first exemplary embodiment of the toothed component 1 has five trough elements 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 projecting in relation to the first contact side 3 . The first exemplary embodiment of the toothed component 1 is designed in several parts. This means that it is made up of a plurality of individual trough elements 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 and the separate base body 2 . The trough elements 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 each have a trough base 51, 61, 71, 81, 91, a trough opening 52, 62, 72, 82, 92 opposite the trough base 51, 61, 71, 81, 91 and a wall 53, 63, 73, 83, 93 extending laterally from trough floor 51, 61, 71, 81, 91 to trough opening 52, 62, 72, 82, 92. trough floor 51, 61, 71, 81, 91 and wall 53, 63, 73, 83, 93 each define an inner region 54, 64, 74, 84, 94 of the trough elements 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. The trough openings 52, 62, 72, 82, 92 are each cut out in the base body 2 , in that the base body 2 has passages 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 corresponding to the trough openings 52, 62, 72, 82, 92. Because the trough openings 52, 62, 72, 82, 92 are cut out in the base body, liquid concrete can flow through the trough openings 52, 62, 72, 82, 92 are filled into the inner area 54, 64, 74, 84, 94 of the trough elements 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and harden in the inner area 54, 64, 74, 84, 94. The walls 53, 63, 73, 83, 93 of the trough elements 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 are made of a first elastomer. This first elastomer is a polyurethane elastomer. The trough floors 51, 61, 71, 81, 91 are formed from a second elastomer, which is also a polyurethane elastomer. The first and the second elastomer differ in their stiffness. The trough floors 51, 61, 71, 81, 91 have has a higher rigidity than the walls 53, 63, 73, 83, 93. Thus, the deformability of the trough bases 51, 61, 71, 81, 91 in the installed state of the toothed component 1 between the concrete components due to the vertical compressive forces acting is less pronounced than that of the walls 53, 63, 73, 83, 93.

figure 2 shows a detail of a second exemplary embodiment of the heat-insulating toothed component 1 in a side view. This second embodiment differs from that in figure 1 shown first exemplary embodiment of the toothed component 1 in that the base body 2 and the trough base 51 have a layered structure 10, which comprises a core layer 11 made of heat-insulating material that transmits compressive force and at least one outer layer 12 that delimits the core layer 11 on one side on the second contact side 4. The heat-insulating material of the core layer 11 that transmits compressive force is a third elastomer, which in the present second exemplary embodiment can consist of ethylene-propylene-diene (monomer) rubber (EPDM). The outer layer 12 is formed from a lubricious material such as polytetrafluoroethylene. When the toothed component 1 is installed between two concrete components, this outer layer 12 made of polytetrafluoroethylene decouples the concrete components from one another and enables the concrete components to move relative to one another without constraint, horizontally.

figure 3 shows a detail of a third exemplary embodiment of the heat-insulating toothed component 1 in a side view. This third embodiment differs from that in figure 1 shown first embodiment of the toothed component 1 in that it has a rod-shaped force transmission element 13 in the form of a dowel, which traverses the trough bottom 51 and can be connected to the concrete components. Furthermore, this third exemplary embodiment of the toothed component 1 is designed in one piece. This means that the trough elements 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and the base body 2 are designed in one piece. The dowel 13 is firmly anchored in the toothed component 1 and, when the toothed component 1 is installed, enables a quasi-monolithic connection of the adjacent concrete components, especially in the direction of the shear force. Out of figure 3 It can also be seen that the base body 2 and the outside of the wall 53 enclose an angle α to one another, which is 110 degrees in the present third exemplary embodiment. As a result, in the installed state of the Toothed component 1 achieves optimum shear force transmission in the area of the toothed composite joint.

A building section, which comprises two load-bearing concrete components, namely a vertically oriented building wall and a floor slab above it, and a heat-insulating toothed component 1 arranged between the concrete components, can - as described below - be created directly on a construction site: First, a first formwork for created the vertically aligned building wall and a first reinforcement in the first formwork. This first formwork is aligned vertically or perpendicularly, so that liquid in-situ concrete can then be poured from above into the first formwork, which is open at the top. This liquid in-situ concrete is compacted in the conventional way with an internal vibrator. The toothed component 1 is then placed from above onto the liquid, compacted in-situ concrete. The liquid in-situ concrete then hardens and the formwork can be removed from the vertically aligned building wall, with the interlocking component 1 remaining on the upper side of the vertical building wall and being used for connection to the floor covering still to be created. A second formwork for the horizontally aligned floor slab and a second reinforcement in the second formwork are then created above the vertical building wall. Then liquid in-situ concrete is poured into the second formwork. The second formwork is arranged in such a way that when liquid in-situ concrete is poured into an inner area of the second formwork, liquid in-situ concrete flows over the toothed component 1 and through which the trough openings 52, 62, 72, 82, 92 flow into the inner area 54, 64, 74, 84, 94 of the trough elements 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 flows. The liquid in-situ concrete is compacted in the conventional way with an internal vibrator. The liquid in-situ concrete then hardens. Thus, the floor covering adjoining the trough openings 52, 62, 72, 82, 92 or abutting the second contact side 4 and the hardened in-situ concrete in the inner area 54, 64, 74, 84, 94 are designed in one piece or monolithically. The vertically oriented building wall is in contact with the first contact side 3 of the base body 2 of the toothed component 1 . In a final step, the horizontally aligned floor slab can be stripped. The toothed component 1 is now arranged between the vertically aligned building wall and the overlying horizontally aligned floor slab, so that a toothed composite joint is formed between the two components. The trough elements 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 act as an elastomer bearing, so that Shear forces acting parallel to the bonded joint can be absorbed and transmitted.

In addition to this creation of the building section on site at a construction site, for example, the vertically aligned building wall can also be created in advance in a precast concrete plant and then transported to the construction site on which the building section is being created. In the precast concrete plant, the building wall is manufactured in the lying or horizontal state of the building wall to be manufactured. For this purpose, the first formwork comprises a substantially horizontally aligned formwork panel with a formwork frame fixed to the formwork panel and protruding from a panel plane of the formwork panel. The formwork panel and the formwork frame define an interior area of this first formwork that is to be filled with concrete. The toothed component 1 is part of the formwork frame as a shuttering element. Then liquid concrete is poured into the interior. This liquid concrete is compacted and then hardens. After the concrete has hardened, the formwork panel and the formwork frame can be removed down to the toothed component and the building wall can be transferred from its lying position on the formwork panel into a horizontal transport position. After this, the vertically aligned building wall is ready for installation in the building section. The toothed component 1 remains on the connection side on the building wall as lost formwork.

figure 4 shows a side view of an embodiment of the building section 14 created according to the method described above. This building section 14 comprises a load-bearing, vertically oriented concrete component 15 in the form of a building wall and a concrete component 16 oriented horizontally above the building wall 15 in the form of a floor slab. Between the building wall 15 and the ceiling 16, the toothed component 1 is in figure 1 arranged type shown, whereby a toothed composite joint between the building wall 15 and the floor slab 16 is formed. As an alternative to this, the toothed component 1 can also be arranged between a horizontally oriented basement ceiling and a vertically oriented building wall above it. The base body 2 of the toothed component 1 is cuboid, with its longitudinal axis defining the laying direction of the base body 2 along the composite joint. The interior 54, 64, 74, 84, 94 of the Trough elements 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 are filled with hardened concrete, this hardened concrete being formed in one piece or monolithically with the hardened concrete of the floor slab 16. If there is a temperature difference between the adjacent concrete components in the area of the compound joint, this leads to different expansions of the adjacent concrete components. These different expansions result in a relative displacement of the concrete components with one another and the resulting shear forces. The hardened concrete in the inner area 54, 64, 74, 84, 94 presses against the wall 53, 63, 73, 83, 93 of the trough elements 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. Because of the elastic properties of the first elastomer of the wall 53, 63, 73, 83, 93 of the trough elements 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, these thrust forces can be absorbed at least partially or even completely by deforming the walls 53, 63, 73, 83, 93. After the shearing forces are gone, the wall 53, 63, 73, 83, 93 can resume its original shape due to its elastic properties.

A further development of a toothed component 1 is in figure 5 shown in a section. Shown is a section of the base body 2 with a recessed, rib-shaped trough element 5. On the top 4 of the base body 2, two additional longitudinal ribs 17 are formed. These serve as a longitudinal guide for the concrete component to be created above the toothed component 1 . Thus, due to the spring stiffness of the trough element 5 under the action of thermally induced shearing forces, a lateral compensating movement is made possible, while forces acting transversely to the concrete component (eg wind pressure) are absorbed by the longitudinal ribs 17 .

In figure 6 finally an alternative embodiment is shown in which a longitudinal rib 18 is formed within the trough element 5 on the trough bottom 51 thereof. Here, too, the longitudinal rib 18 serves to guide lateral, thermally induced compensatory movements and absorbs compressive forces acting perpendicularly to the concrete component above.

Claims (16)

Heat-insulating toothed component (1) for power transmission between two load-bearing concrete components, in particular a vertical building wall (15) and a floor slab (16) above or below, the toothed component (1) comprising a plurality of trough elements (5 , 6, 7, 8, 9) which are at least partially made of a heat-insulating material, wherein the trough elements (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) each have a trough base (51, 61, 71, 81, 91), a trough opening (52, 62, 72, 82, 92) and a wall (53, 63, 73, 83, 93) extending laterally from the trough base (51, 61, 71, 81, 91) to the trough opening (52, 62, 72, 82, 92). , wherein the toothed component (1) also comprises a base body (2) which cuts out the trough openings and has a first contact side (3) and a second contact side (4) opposite the first contact side (3), in particular for contact with adjacent in-situ concrete and the trough elements (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) form projections protruding from the first contact side (3), and wherein the wall (53, 63, 73, 83, 93) of the trough elements (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) is formed from a first elastomer. Heat-insulating toothed component (1) according to Claim 1, in which the wall (53) of at least one first trough element (5) has a higher stiffness than the spring stiffness of the walls (63, 73, 83, 93) of the respective other trough elements (6, 7, 8, 9) has a different spring stiffness. Heat-insulating toothed component (1) according to Claim 2, in which the walls (53, 63, 73, 83, 93) of at least part of the trough elements (5, 6, 7, 8, 9), viewed in the direction of laying, extend from trough element to trough element or from Have trough element group to trough element group increasing or decreasing spring stiffness. Heat-insulating toothed component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the trough bases (51, 61, 71, 81, 91) are formed from at least one second elastomer, the trough bases (51, 61, 71, 81, 91) preferably having a have higher spring stiffness compared to the adjacent wall (53, 63, 73, 83, 93). Heat-insulating toothed component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the first and/or second elastomer has a density in the range from 200 kg/m ³ to 1250 kg/m ³ , preferably from 600 kg/m ³ to 1100 kg/m ³ , particularly preferably 1050 kg/m ³ . Heat-insulating toothed component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the base body (2) and/or the trough base (51, 61, 71, 81, 91) has a layered structure (10) which has a core layer (11) made of heat-insulating and /or compressive force-transmitting material and at least one outer layer (12) delimiting the core layer (11) on one side, the outer layer (12) being made of a slippery material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene , polyetheretherketone and polyoxymethylenes. Heat-insulating toothed component (1) according to Claim 6, in which the heat-insulating and/or compressive-force-transmitting material of the core layer is a third elastomer, the third elastomer preferably having a spring stiffness that differs from the first elastomer. Heat-insulating toothed component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the first elastomer and/or the second elastomer and/or the third elastomer are independently selected from the group formed by natural rubber, synthetic rubber, in particular ethylene-propylene -diene (monomer) rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, polyurethane elastomer and chlorobutadiene rubber. Heat-insulating toothed component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, which is designed in several parts and consists of a plurality of individual trough elements (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) and at least one separate base body (2). Heat-insulating toothed component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the base body (2) and an outside of the wall facing away from the trough opening (52, 62, 72, 82, 92) of the trough elements (5, 6, 7, 8, 9). (53, 63, 73, 83, 93) enclose an angle α to one another which is greater than or equal to 90°. Heat-insulating toothed component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the trough base (51, 61, 71, 81, 91) and/or the trough opening (52, 62, 72, 82, 92) are polygonal, elliptical or circular in shape, the trough base (51, 61, 71, 81, 91) and/or the trough opening (52, 62, 72, 82, 92) preferably having a number of corner points n=4 in the case of a polygonal design. Heat-insulating toothed component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, which has at least one force-transmission element which at least traverses the trough base (51, 61, 71, 81, 91) and can be connected to the concrete components, the force-transmission element being in particular a dowel or a reinforcing bar . Heat-insulating toothed component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the toothed component is designed in several parts as a kit which comprises a plurality of individual trough elements or those connected to form a group and at least one separate base body. Method for creating a building section (14), the two load-bearing concrete components, in particular a vertically aligned building wall (15) and a floor slab (16) above or below it, and at least one heat-insulating toothed component (1) arranged between the concrete components according to one of the preceding ones Claims, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a) Creation of a first formwork for a first concrete component and a first reinforcement in the first formwork, b) pouring liquid concrete into the first formwork, the first formwork either comprising the toothed component (1) or the toothed component (1) being inserted into the liquid concrete after the liquid concrete has been poured in, c) hardening of the liquid concrete, d) Creation of a second formwork for a second concrete component and a second reinforcement in the second formwork, e) pouring liquid concrete into the second formwork for the second concrete component, so that the liquid concrete flows through the hollow body openings (52, 62, 72, 82, 92) into an interior area (54, 64, 74, 84, 94) of the trough elements ( 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) flows, and f) hardening of the liquid concrete. Method according to Claim 14, in which the toothed component is designed in several parts as a kit which comprises a plurality of individual trough elements or those connected to one another to form a composite group and at least one separate base body and in which the trough elements are inserted into the first formwork before or after pouring liquid concrete and the base body, after liquid concrete has been poured into the first formwork, is placed on the trough elements and the liquid concrete in such a way that passages formed in the base body are each individually aligned with one of the trough openings, preferably at the point between the insertion of the trough elements and the Putting on the base body the liquid concrete is compacted and/or smoothed. Method according to Claim 14, in which the first formwork comprises a substantially horizontally aligned formwork panel with a formwork frame fixed to the formwork panel and protruding from a panel plane of the formwork panel, the formwork panel and the formwork frame defining an inner area to be filled with concrete and the formwork frame defining the toothed component (1) has.

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