EP3325710A1

EP3325710A1 - Rope made of textile fiber material

Info

Publication number: EP3325710A1
Application number: EP16741914.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Peter Baldinger; Björn ERNST; Gunter Kaiser; Rudolf Kirth; Erich RÜHRNÖSSL; Robert Traxl
Original assignee: Teufelberger Fiber Rope GmbH
Current assignee: Teufelberger Fiber Rope GmbH
Priority date: 2015-07-22
Filing date: 2016-07-19
Publication date: 2018-05-30
Anticipated expiration: 2036-07-19
Also published as: EP3325710B1; US11319665B2; WO2017013107A1; ES2938855T3; US20180216291A1; PT3325710T

Abstract

The invention relates to a rope made of textile fiber material for applications in which oblique pulling can occur, characterized in that the rope is a core-and-sheath rope, the core (1) and sheath of which are substantially made of textile fiber material, the core (1) of which is stranded, and which has a friction-locking winding of a tension element (2, 2', 2'') between the core (1) and the sheath.

Description

Rope made of textile fiber material

The present invention relates to a rope of textile fiber material for applications in which diagonal tension can occur.

It is known that ropes are twisted about their longitudinal axis in applications where skew occurs.

In rope drives of cranes, but also in other applications, the arrangement of the pulleys often causes the ropes when running over the pulleys up and down at a lateral deflection angle. The lateral Seilablenkwinkel, which adjusts itself between rope and disc, is also called diagonal angle.

In particular, it is known that non-torsion-free beaten ropes under load due to their "helix" have the tendency to turn up, if they are not rotationally fixed on both sides.

However, even substantially non-rotating ropes (e.g., designed so that the torques of the individual ropes, such as strands under load, cancel each other out) may be twisted in the event of skew.

Rotary-type ropes are understood by the person skilled in the art to be all ropes whose rotation, when not torsionally rigid, under a load of S / d ² = 0 to S / d ² = 150 N / mm ^{2, is} the twist <360 ° / 1000d, where d is the diameter of the Rope means (Feyrer 2000, wire ropes, Springer Verlag).

Depending on the rope construction leads to a rotation of the rope to the rope

Longitudinal axis to a load redistribution between the supporting elements (wires, fibers, strands etc). As a result of this load redistribution, individual elements are relieved and other elements are overloaded. The life of the rope is due to this

Load distribution between the load-bearing elements reduced.

This twisting of the rope can be done locally, such as in applications with diagonal pull, for example in the case of multiple Eineinerung in pulleys or an oblique withdrawal from the drum on the first deflection and therefore can also apply rotation-free ropes. In fact, in particular lose rotation-free ropes in life, more than non-rotation-free ropes, as the load redistribution between the individual

Litzenlagen is more pronounced due to the different directions of impact Litzenlagen (Source: Weber, Tobias: Contribution to the study of the life behavior of wire ropes under a combined stress of tension, bending and torsion.

Dissertation University of Stuttgart, 2013, print-on-demand, full text: http: //elib.uni- stuttgart.de/opus/volltexte/2013/8663).

Since diagonal pull can not be avoided structurally in many applications, the highest possible torsional stiffness is desired to prevent local twisting (consequence on life s.o.).

WO 2015/001476 describes a flexible cable for rolling up a sail. The core of the cable, which may be made of fibrous material, is encased in rubber comprising fiber strands extending in different directions. The rubber will

vulcanized, so that a firm bond between the core of the cable and the

Rubber layer results.

From EP 2 868 917 AI a tensioning cable for a wind power generation system by means of an aircraft is known. Arranged around the core of the cable are spirals, which may optionally comprise signal strands or electrical strands.

CA 1234520 describes the manufacture of a cable in which parallel filaments are compacted and then completely wrapped in a tape so as to be protected against an externally applied polyurethane coating.

From US 7,399,018 a rope sling is known, which is surrounded in particular in the region of the splice with a spirally cut tube made of polyurethane.

Further prior art is known from US 2009/282801 A1, US Pat. No. 2,737,075 A, WO 2006/118465 A1, DE 200 21 529 U1 and WO 98/50621.

The present invention has for its object to provide a rope made of textile fiber material, which is better protected against twisting during the occurrence of diagonal pull. This object is achieved by a rope according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the rope according to the invention emerge from the subclaims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 shows schematically a preferred embodiment of the wrapping around the core of the cable according to the invention.

FIG. 2 shows schematically a two-layer winding of the core.

FIG. 3 schematically shows the test method for determining whether the gap between two turns provided in a preferred embodiment is sufficiently large.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a rope of textile fiber material for applications in which diagonal tension may occur, which is characterized in that the rope is a core / sheath rope whose core and its sheath consist essentially of textile fiber material whose Core is stranded or intertwined and its core and / or, if the core is in the form of multiple strands, at least a portion of the strands, preferably all strands of the core, is non-positively wound with a tension element is / are.

The term "rope of textile fiber material" means that the essential

Components of the rope, in particular its supporting elements of textile fiber material, such as. Strands of synthetic fibers. The rope according to the invention can also

Have components of other materials, e.g. the rope or rope components impregnating materials or even individual non-textile strands with special function, e.g. for transmitting electrical signals.

In particular, the core and the sheath of the rope consist essentially of textile fiber material, with additional materials, such as e.g. single non-textile strands are possible.

The core of the rope according to the invention is stranded, that is, that the core of the rope forming strands are twisted together. Alternatively, the strands of the core may be interlaced. The core of the rope according to the invention can be in the form of a single core, that is to say as a single strand of twisted or braided strands. Alternatively, the core may be in the form of multiple strands. The strands can run parallel next to each other or in turn be twisted or intertwined.

According to the invention, the core is non-positively wound with a tension element. This wrap is thus present between the core and the jacket.

This wrap ensures that the rope turns as little as possible during its application, in particular in the event that a diagonal pull occurs.

By "tension element" and "non-positive winding" are thus elements and their attachment meant to prevent twisting of the rope as much as possible.

The twisting of the rope should be prevented only by the wrapping of the core with the tension element. An additional impregnation of the rope is possible, but not required.

If the core, as shown above, consists of several strands, the

Convince yourself in the following ways: a) It is the whole core (ie all strands together) wound

b) at least a part of the strands, preferably all strands, are individually wound c) a combination of a) and b)

Preferably, the tension element with a bias of at least 1%, preferably at least 2%, more preferably at least 3% of the maximum tensile force of the tension element around the core of the rope or possibly the strands of the core wound.

Because of this bias, a particularly effective non-positive winding to prevent the rotation of the rope can be achieved.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tension element is wound in at least two Umwindelagen to the core of the rope or optionally the strands of the core. In this case, the

Umwindelagen differ with regard to their Umwinderichtung. Thus, in the case of two wraps, a layer in the "S" direction and the second layer over it in the "Z" direction may be wound around the rope.

Further preferably, within a Umwindelage at least one wrap with a gap to the next wrap before. It has been found that a spacing of the individual turns is advantageous because the rope is better flexible.

The turns do not have to be spaced over the entire length of the rope by means of gaps. Importantly, there are gaps in that portion of the rope which is bent during its application (e.g., via a drum or traction sheave).

The gap between two convolutions should preferably be chosen to be at least so great that it does not close at a bending of the rope with a bending radius of five times the outer diameter of the rope on the shortening in the bending side of the rope.

Mathematically, this can be expressed by the following formulas:

The starting point is the wind length W, which results from the width of the tension element plus the gap between two turns.

The gap L is as part of the wind length W or in the case of several

Umwindelagen defined as part of the respective Windelänge W _n in the nth position of the wrap as follows:

W _n = B _n * (\ + L _n), wherein the abbreviations have the following meanings:

W _n = wind length of the tension element in the nth position of the turn in mm

B _n = width of the tension element in the nth position of the turn in mm

L _n = gap of the tension element between two adjacent turns in the nth position of the turn in percent.

According to the preferred embodiment of the gap, the percentage value of the gap is then: d "d"

D + ^ \ 0d _a + - {[2_] - 1} * 100 = {[- 1} * 100

D 10d, wherein the abbreviations have the following meanings:

L _n means the gap between two turns of the same wrapping position in%,

D means the diameter of a device, for example a disc around which the rope is bent, where D is ten times the value of the outer diameter d _{a of} the rope, d _n means the respective outer diameter of the core together with Umwindelagen to n-th

Situation that is being wound

n: number of layers of the wrapping material

d _a means the outer diameter of the rope with sheath

All length specifications are to be used in mm.

The wind length W or W _n need not be constant over the length of the rope. As mentioned above, it is particularly advantageous if gaps are provided in the region of the cable, which is bent during its application, which then preferably satisfy the above formulas. In other places, no gaps or gaps that do not satisfy the above formulas can be provided.

In a further preferred embodiment, within a Umwindelage at least 30%, preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 80%> of the surface of the core of the rope or optionally the strands of the core of the wrap or the convolutions covered with the tension element.

The tension element provided according to the invention is particularly preferably in the form of a band.

The width of the band B is preferably from 0.5 * d _n to 2 * d _n .

The width of the band may be constant over the various wrap positions. Alternatively, bands with different widths can be used. For example, per Umwindelage a band can be used with a different width than that of the previous Umwindelage. The inventively provided tension element preferably has a tensile strength of> μ * Ξ, where μ is the sliding friction coefficient between two layers of the tension element and

S means the maximum tensile force of the rope.

The material of the core of the rope according to the invention is preferably made of high-strength fibers. The fibers can be selected from the fiber genera UHMWPE, Aramid, LCP, PBO, PET, PA, PP, PE and mixtures thereof.

Likewise, the material of the jacket of the rope according to the invention preferably consists of high-strength fibers, which can be selected from the Fasergattungen UHMWPE, aramid, LCP, PBO, PET, PA, PP, PE and mixtures thereof.

The material of the tension element can be selected from the fiber types UHMWPE, aramids, LCP, PBO, PET, PA, PP, PE and mixtures thereof. Ribbon-shaped tension elements are preferably in woven form.

The diameter of the rope according to the invention is 6 mm and more, in particular up to 200 mm and more.

Preferably, the cable according to the invention is characterized in that it is twisted under load between 0% and 40% of its actual breaking load (according to ISO 2307) by less than 10 ° / 100d, where d is the diameter of the rope with sheath in mm.

To produce the rope according to the invention, a method is used which is characterized in that the core of the rope and / or, if the core is in the form of a plurality of strands, at least a part of the strands, preferably all strands of the core, are wound with a tensile element in a force-locking manner /become.

Preferably, the tension element is wound with a pretension of at least 1%, preferably at least 2%, particularly preferably at least 3%, of the maximum tensile force of the tension element around the core of the cable or optionally the strands of the core. Further preferably, the core of the rope or optionally the strands of the core is held during the winding with the tension element at a bias voltage,

in particular at a pretension of 0.1% to 40% of the breaking load of the core or optionally of the strands of the core.

The present invention also relates to the use of the rope according to the invention in applications in which diagonal tension may occur, in particular as a tow rope in cranes, e.g. Tower cranes, mobile cranes, crawler cranes and offshore cranes, in hoisting winches, in particular for single-strand lifting of unloaded loads and in construction equipment, e.g. Drills, pile drivers and rope dredgers.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the cable according to the invention. Shown here is schematically only the core 1 of the rope. The core 1 has a diameter d _Q and consists of twisted or intertwined textile fiber material (not shown). In a conventional manner, the rope additionally has a jacket made of textile fiber material, which is not shown here. According to the invention, the core 1 is wound with a tension element 2, which is band-shaped in the preferred embodiment shown here. The wrap 2 is in the finished rope between the core 1 and the jacket (not shown).

Between the convolutions gaps are provided with a width Li. As a result, the turns have a wind length Wi, which results from the width Bi of the tension element 2 and the gap Li. The surface of the core 1 is covered to 50%> or more, especially 80% or more of the tension element.

Together with this Umwindelage results in a diameter of the wound core 1

2 shows an embodiment with two wrap-around layers 2 'and 2 ". The wrap-around layers 2' and 2" are wound around the core 1 in different straightening directions. In both Umwindelagen gaps between the respective convolutions are provided. This results in the second Umwindelage a wind length W ₂ from the width B _{2 of} the tension element in this Umwindelage and the gap L ₂ in this Umwindelage. Furthermore, a diameter of the wound core 1 of d ₂ results. As mentioned above, the width Bi and B _{2 of} the tension member in the two

Umwindelagen be different, as well as the length of the gaps Li and L ₂ . In addition, the length of the gaps Li and L ₂ must be constant over the length of the rope, but may vary or may be provided in particular at points of the rope that are not bent in use, no gaps.

FIG. 3 schematically shows the measuring method by means of which it can be determined whether the intended gaps Li have the minimum length preferred according to the invention: The core 1 wound with the tension element 2 is bent over an element, eg a disk 3. The diameter D of the disc 3 is 10 times the outer diameter of the rope with jacket d _a (not shown). If the gaps Li do not close when bending the rope over the disc 3 on the side shortening during the bending, then they have the required minimum length and also fulfill the formulas given above.

Claims

Claims:

1. rope of textile fiber material for applications in which diagonal tension may occur, characterized in that the rope is a core / sheath rope whose core (1) and whose sheath consist essentially of textile fiber material, the core (1) stranded or is intertwined and whose core (1) and / or, if the core is in the form of several strands, at least a portion of the strands, preferably all strands of the core, is non-positively wound with a tension element (2, 2 ', 2 ") / are.

2. Rope according to claim 1, characterized in that the tension element (2, 2 ', 2 ") with a preload of at least 1%, preferably at least 2%, particularly preferably at least 3% of the maximum tensile force of the tension element (2, 2', 2 ") around the core (1) of the rope or optionally the strands of the core is wound.

3. Rope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tension element (2) in at least two Umwindelagen (2 ', 2 ") around the core of the rope or optionally the strands of the core is wound.

4. rope according to claim 3, characterized in that the Umwindelagen (2 ', 2 ") differ with respect to the Umwinderichtung.

5. Rope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that within a Umwindelage (2 ', 2 ") there is a wrap with a gap (Li, L ₂ ) to the next wrap.

6. Rope according to claim 5, characterized in that the gap (Li, L ₂ ) between two turns is chosen at least so large that they are at a bend of the rope with a bending radius of five times the diameter of the rope on the at the bend shortening side of the rope does not close.

A rope according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that at least 30%,

preferably at least 50%>, more preferably at least 80%> of the surface of the core (1) of the rope or optionally the strands of the core of the wrap or the convolutions (2, 2 ', 2 ") are covered with the tension element.

8. Rope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tension element (2, 2 ', 2 ") is in the form of a band.

9. Rope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tension element (2, 2 ', 2 ") has a tensile strength of F _min > μ * 8, where μ the coefficient of sliding friction between two layers of the tension element and

S means the maximum tensile force of the rope.

10. Rope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cable is twisted under load between 0% and 40% of its actual breaking load (according to ISO 2307) by less than 10 ° / 100d, where d is the diameter of the cable with jacket ,

11. A method for producing a rope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the core (1) of the rope and / or, if the core is in the form of several strands, at least a portion of the strands, preferably all strands of the core, frictionally is wound with a tension element (2, 2 ', 2 ").

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the tension element (2, 2 ', 2 ") with a preload of at least 1%, preferably at least 2%, particularly preferably at least 3% of the maximum tensile force of the tension element (2, 2', 2 ") around the core (1) of the rope or optionally the strands of the core is wound.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the core (1) of the rope or optionally the strands of the core during the winding with the tension element (2, 2 ', 2 ") at a bias of 0.1% Up to 40% of the breaking load of the core or, if appropriate, the strands of the core is / are held.

14. Use of a rope according to one of claims 1 to 10 in applications in which diagonal tension may occur, in particular as a support / traction cable in cranes, such as tower cranes, mobile cranes, crawler cranes and offshore cranes, in Lifting winches, in particular for single-strand lifting of unloaded loads and in construction equipment, eg drills, piling apparatus and cable dredgers.