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EP3185082B1 - Clock movement comprising an element for positioning a movable portion of said clock movement - Google Patents

Clock movement comprising an element for positioning a movable portion of said clock movement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3185082B1
EP3185082B1 EP16201468.2A EP16201468A EP3185082B1 EP 3185082 B1 EP3185082 B1 EP 3185082B1 EP 16201468 A EP16201468 A EP 16201468A EP 3185082 B1 EP3185082 B1 EP 3185082B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnet
jumper
force
magnetic
stable position
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16201468.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3185082A1 (en
Inventor
Davide Sarchi
Benoît LÉGERET
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Montres Breguet SA
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Montres Breguet SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Montres Breguet SA filed Critical Montres Breguet SA
Publication of EP3185082A1 publication Critical patent/EP3185082A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3185082B1 publication Critical patent/EP3185082B1/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B37/00—Cases
    • G04B37/0008—Cases for pocket watches and wrist watches
    • G04B37/0016—Cases for pocket watches and wrist watches with folding cover or folding bottom (hinge without spring)

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a watch movement comprising a positioning element of a moving part of the watch movement.
  • the invention relates to a device for positioning a date ring.
  • Various watch movements comprising an organ, in particular a lever, which is associated with a spring or which itself has a certain elasticity.
  • This spring or the elastic characteristic of such a member allow this member to exert a mechanical force with a given direction, in particular to continuously push a portion of this member against a surface of a component and keep it in contact against this component .
  • the mechanical force of a spring always tends to bring the latter back to its rest position.
  • the rest position of this end portion associated with the spring would correspond to penetration of the component by the end portion. It is said that the spring is prestressed.
  • a lever and its spring thus have a single function of pressing more or less strongly the end portion of the lever against a component, in particular associated with a display member, and always bring this end portion against this component .
  • This is particularly the case for a jumper positioning a date ring.
  • the couple who must being exerted on the date ring during a transition from one calendar to the next is greater than the positioning torque exerted by the jumper on this ring when it is in a display position.
  • the passage from one calendar to the next produces a movement of the jumper in the opposite direction to its restoring force to be able to pass over a tooth of the teeth of the ring of dates.
  • the force exerted by the spring increases.
  • the drive mechanism of the date ring must be arranged to be able to exert a relatively large training torque. This also requires providing a relatively high energy for the passage of a calendar to the next.
  • Watch movements are also known in which the spring is replaced by a magnetic device comprising a magnet and a second magnetic element (another magnet or element made of ferromagnetic material).
  • a magnetic device formed of two magnets carried respectively by a lever and a support of this lever, the magnets are arranged either in repulsion or in attraction.
  • the magnetic force is constantly exercised in one and the same direction, whatever the relative distance between the two magnets.
  • the magnetic device of such a clock mechanism in particular a jumper associated with a date ring, has a single function generally consisting of pressing the end portion of the lever against a component and always bringing back this end portion against this component.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a watch movement comprising a positioning element of a component or organ that does not have the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • a magnetic device arranged to exert a switchable magnetic force on a moving part of the jumper when driving the component or member between two stable positions and distinct that it is likely to occupy.
  • switchable magnetic force is meant a magnetic force whose direction is reversed as a function of the position of the moving part.
  • a first sense of the magnetic force corresponds to a global magnetic attraction force between two parts of the magnetic device while the second direction of this magnetic force corresponds to a global magnetic repulsion force between these two parts.
  • the present invention therefore relates to a watch movement as defined in claim 1.
  • the relative distance between the first and second magnets is situated in the aforementioned second range, so that the global magnetic force exerted on the jumper is a force of attraction which presses this jumper against the organ.
  • the member is a disc or a ring comprising a toothing cooperating with a mobile end portion of the jumper for positioning.
  • the jumper, disc or ring and the magnetic device are arranged so that when the disc or ring is driven from a distinct stable position to another subsequent stable separate position, the aforesaid first portion departs from the aforementioned second part before they come closer to each other when the jumper returns to its stable position.
  • the watch movement further comprises a spring which is arranged such that, before the aforementioned inversion distance is reached when driving the disc or ring from a distinct position. stable at another stable next position, this spring exerts a force on the jumper which pushes its end portion towards the toothing of the member, this elastic force being provided greater than the overall magnetic force of repulsion on a terminal section of the path of the second magnet for which the magnetic device generates this global magnetic repulsion force.
  • the spring is arranged in such a way that, when the member is in any of its distinct stable positions and the jumper is in a corresponding stable position, this spring is substantially in its rest position so that that he then exercises not substantially any force.
  • the magnetic device 2 comprises a first magnet 4, a high magnetic permeability element 6 which is integral with the first magnet, and a second magnet 8 which is movable.
  • the element 6 is arranged between the first magnet and the second magnet. It is arranged in contact or close to the first magnet.
  • the element 6 is glued to the first magnet as shown in FIG. Figure 2 .
  • This element consists for example of a carbon steel, tungsten carbide, nickel, FeSi or FeNi, or other alloys with cobalt such as Vacozet ® (CoFeNi) or Vacoflux ® (CoFe).
  • Element 6 is characterized by a saturation field Bs and a permeability ⁇ .
  • the magnets 4 and 8 are for example ferrite, FeCo or PtCo, rare earths such as NdFeB or SmCo. These magnets are characterized by their remanent field Br1 and Br2.
  • the element with high magnetic permeability 6 has a central axis 10 which is substantially coincident with the magnetization axis of the first magnet 4 and also with the magnetization axis of the second magnet 8.
  • the respective magnetization directions of the magnets 4 and 8 are reversed. These magnets therefore have opposite polarities and they are likely to undergo relative movement between them over a certain relative distance.
  • the magnet 4 is fixed and the magnet 8 is movably mounted so that the relative movement between them has a direction substantially along the central axis 10.
  • the element 6 has dimensions in a plane orthogonal to the central axis 10 which are greater than those of the first magnet 4 and those of the second magnet 8 in projection in this orthogonal plane.
  • the magnet 8 is subjected to a global magnetic repulsion force which tends to move away from the element 6 when the distance between the magnet 8 and the element 6 is greater than an inversion distance D inv .
  • this magnet 8 is subjected to a global force of magnetic attraction which tends to approach the element 6 and, if nothing opposes it, to put it in support against that element, and then to keep them in that position.
  • the global magnetic force is a continuous function of the distance between the components and it has a value of zero at the reversal distance D inv .
  • This is a remarkable and surprising operation of the magnetic device 2 which is used in the watch movement according to the invention.
  • the distance between the first magnet 4 and the element 6, integral with this magnet is less than or substantially equal to one-tenth of the length of the first magnet along its axis of magnetization, which is preferably merged with the central axis 10 of the element 6.
  • the inversion distance D inv is determined by the geometry of the three parts forming the device 2 and their magnetic properties.
  • the Figure 2 partially shows a clock mechanism 12 according to the invention, which incorporates the magnetic device 2 of the Figure 1 .
  • This clock mechanism comprises a first portion 14 and a second portion 18 capable of being mutually relative to each other over a given relative distance along the axis 10.
  • the first part comprises a first non-magnetic support 15, a first magnet 4 fixedly mounted on the first support and a high magnetic permeability element 6 also fixedly mounted on the first support.
  • the second portion 18 comprises a second support 19 and a second magnet 8 fixedly mounted on the second support.
  • the element 6 is arranged between the first magnet and the second magnet.
  • the first and second magnets are cylindrical and the high magnetic permeability element 6 has the shape of a disc.
  • the element 6 has a central axis 10 which is substantially coincident with the respective magnetization axes of the first and second magnets.
  • the first and second parts 15 and 19 are arranged here so that the relative movement between them is substantially along the central axis 10.
  • the clock mechanism according to the invention remains functional without the latter condition, the direction of the relative movement may have an angle relative to the central axis 10.
  • the two magnets are substantially aligned when the distance between the two parts 14 and 18 decreases, in particular in the second range 24 of the relative distance, this to maximize the magnetic attraction force between the magnet 8 and the element 6.
  • the movable portion can undergo a circular motion and form in particular a pivoted or articulated piece.
  • the magnetization axis of the fixed magnet is preferably substantially tangential to the circular axis defined by the circular motion of the movable magnet 8.
  • the first and second parts respectively have two lateral surfaces 16 and 20, the surface 16 defining a stop for the part 18.
  • This stop determines a minimum distance D min between the element 6 and the magnet 8.
  • the relative distance between the first and second surfaces and second part on which the relative movement between them corresponds to the level of the magnetic device 2 at a range of distances D between the minimum distance D min and a maximum distance D max between the element 6 and the magnet 8
  • This maximum distance D max is generally defined by the watch mechanism and imposed by a stop or an elastic return.
  • the graph of the Figure 3 shows an example of curve 22 for the overall magnetic force, which is exerted between the first and second parts 14 and 18 of the watch mechanism 12, as a function of the distance D between the high magnetic permeability element 6 and the moving magnet 8.
  • the relative distance over which the relative movement between the two parts 14 and 18 can be made is formed of two areas 24 and 26. It is observed that, for the area 24, the overall magnetic force is a force of attraction generated. between the two parts, this attractive force rapidly increasing when the magnet 8 approaches the element 6 and it has a maximum value theoretically for a distance zero between them and practically, in the clock mechanism 12, for the distance minimum D min .
  • the range 24 extends between this minimum distance and a distance D inv inversion of the direction of the magnetic force between the first and second parts.
  • the global magnetic force is therefore equal to zero.
  • the overall magnetic force is a repulsive force generated between the first and second parts.
  • this repulsion force has, in absolute value, a maximum which is less than the maximum of the attraction force.
  • the repulsion force varies little over a relatively large range of relative distances (here between 0.4 mm and 1.0 mm and even beyond), this repulsive force thus being substantially constant over this range of distances.
  • the element with high magnetic permeability consists of a metal glass based on iron or cobalt.
  • the first part is fixed and that the element with high magnetic permeability itself forms a stop for the second movable part whose movable magnet bears against this element. the relative minimum distance.
  • the contact surface of the high magnetic permeability element is preferably cured to at least 650 HV.
  • the movable magnet comprises a protective coating arranged on its surface facing the first part, this protective coating abutting against the high magnetic permeability element at the minimum relative distance.
  • FIG. 4 a second embodiment of a magnetic device that can be incorporated into a watch movement according to the invention will be described below.
  • This embodiment is distinguished from the previous one essentially by the shape of the element with high magnetic permeability 36 and then by the magnetic dimensions and characteristics of the three elements of the magnetic device 32 which are intended to reduce the maximum overall magnetic forces involved in the mechanism. watchmaker 42.
  • the magnetic device 32 comprises two cylindrical magnets 4A and 8A and between them a high magnetic permeability element 36 of spherical shape, these three magnetic elements being aligned on a central axis 10.
  • the operation of the magnetic device 32, respectively of the mechanism watchmaker 42 is similar to that of the first embodiment, so that what has been explained above applies for the most part to this second embodiment.
  • the watch movement comprises a base 46 (platinum or bridge) on which are arranged a first part 44 and a second part 48 of the watch mechanism 42.
  • the first part 44 comprises a support 38 in which the spherical element 36 and the spherical element 36 are arranged.
  • cylindrical magnet 4A The support 38 is secured to the base, which is indicated schematically by a screw assembly of the support 38 to this base.
  • the support 38 has a parallelepipedal external shape and has a central opening of parallelepipedal or cylindrical overall shape.
  • a transverse projection 39 forming a stop for this spherical element and thus preventing it from fully emerging from the opening while allowing a part of the spherical element sort of support and thus the movable magnet 8A of the second part 48 (movable part of the mechanism described here) can come into contact with the spherical element.
  • the magnet 4A which is in contact with the spherical element.
  • the opening is closed by an end wall driven into the opening.
  • the second part 48 comprises a support 40 in an opening of which the magnet 8A is fixedly inserted.
  • the support 40 is arranged movably relative to the base 46, so that the second part can undergo a linear displacement along the central axis 10.
  • the base can comprise a stop 47 which limits the movement of the support 40 and therefore determines, along of the central axis 10, a maximum distance D max between the element 36 and the movable magnet 8A.
  • Curve 50 of the Figure 6 represents the overall magnetic force exerted between the first and second parts 44 and 48, and therefore in particular the force exerted on the moving part by the fixed part.
  • the negative values of the global magnetic force correspond to a magnetic attraction while the positive values correspond to a magnetic repulsion between the first and second parts.
  • the maximum force of attraction corresponding to a zero distance between the magnet 8A and the element 36 is about twice as large as the maximum repulsive force between them.
  • a global magnetic force of zero value is obtained for an inversion distance D inv equal, in the example shown, to about 0.15 mm.
  • the repulsion force is primarily limited in intensity and that it is substantially constant over a relatively large range (between 0.4 mm and 1.0 mm in the graph shown). This may be advantageous for the function of the movable portion 48, as is the case in the present invention. Note that it is possible to provide a stop, limiting the possible approximation between the magnet 8A and the element 36 at a non-zero distance.
  • the Figures 7 and 8 relate to a date indicator which is maintained in various stable separate positions by a jumper 54 provided with a spring 60 and a magnet 8 fixedly arranged under his arm.
  • jumper here generally comprises a pivoting lever or a movable member capable of undergoing a translation movement, the pivoting lever or the movable element having a portion configured to cooperate with a part of an organ to be able to position in a plurality of stable distinct positions.
  • the spring and the magnet are therefore considered here as complementary elements provided to ensure the function of the jumper.
  • the watch mechanism 52 comprises a magnetic device 2 described above (it being understood that the curve of the overall magnetic force of the Figure 3 is only given as a non-limiting example).
  • the date ring 56 comprises a toothing 58 between the teeth of which a moving end portion of the jumper 54 is inserted to temporarily hold the date ring in any of its stable separate positions.
  • the jumper is pivotally mounted about an axis 64 on a plate 62 of a watch movement.
  • the magnet 4 and the element ferromagnetic 6 are fixedly arranged on the plate 62 on the side of the toothing 58 relative to the arm of the jumper.
  • the magnet 4, the ferromagnetic element and the platinum together form a first portion 63 of the watch movement while the jumper and the magnet 8 together form a second portion 55 of this watch movement.
  • the jumper and the magnetic device are arranged, when the mobile end portion of the jumper is inserted between two teeth of the toothing 58 and in a stable position with two flanks bearing against two adjacent teeth, so that the movable magnet 8 is firstly substantially aligned with the fixed magnet 4 and the element 6 and so that the movable magnet is in proximity to the element 6 or in contact therewith.
  • the overall magnetic force exerted on the jumper is a force of attraction which the press against the toothing 58.
  • the jumper 54, the toothing 58 and the magnetic device 2 are arranged in such a way that, when the date ring is rotated and the jumper pivots about its axis 64, so that the moving magnet 8 moves away from the ferromagnetic element 6 along a circular path, the inverting distance D inv of the overall magnetic force is reached before the end of the terminal part of the jumper is in front of the 'a tooth.
  • these elements will be arranged so that this inversion distance corresponds to about half the path of the moving magnet 8.
  • the spring 60 is arranged so that, before the inversion distance D inv is reached during a change of date and the pivoting of the jumper that results, this spring exerts a force on the jumper which pushes the end portion of it in the direction of the toothing 58, this elastic force being provided greater than the overall magnetic repulsion force.
  • the spring acts in the opposite direction to leave the end portion in contact with the toothing 58 and allow the jumper to return to a position of positioning of the date ring where the magnetic device 2 acts again in attraction.
  • the jumper is associated with the spring 60 so as to increase its efficiency while limiting the energy required for the passage of the display from one calendar to the next.
  • the magnetic device generates a significant magnetic attraction force on the jumper whose end portion presses against two adjacent teeth of the 58.
  • this magnetic attraction force decreases rapidly when the jumper pivots away from the bottom of the toothing and then on the terminal section of the jumper course beyond the inversion distance D inv , a global force of magnetic repulsion opposes the elastic force of the spring so that the total force exerted on the jumper is less than the elastic force of the spring.
  • This total force is preferably provided as low as possible.
  • the holding in position of the end portion of the jumper at the bottom of the toothing is essentially obtained by the magnetic attraction force, the stable position of the jumper substantially corresponding to the rest position for the spring 60 so that he then exerts substantially no force.
  • the role of the spring is thus to overcome the magnetic repulsion force occurring when the end portion of the jumper retracts to let a tooth pass, so as to then return the magnetic device 2 in a magnetic attraction situation for position the date ring in a new stable position.
  • the ferromagnetic element 6 is integral with the jumper and fixed in front of the magnet 8. This defines an inversion kinematic that essentially changes nothing to the operation of the magnetic device 2. Indeed, the overall magnetic force maintains a similar behavior.
  • the mechanism comprises a lever incorporating the first part or the second part of the clock mechanism described above.

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  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
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Description

Domaine de l'inventionField of the invention

La présente invention concerne un mouvement horloger comprenant un élément de positionnement d'une partie mobile du mouvement horloger. En particulier, l'invention concerne un dispositif de positionnement d'un anneau des quantièmes.The present invention relates to a watch movement comprising a positioning element of a moving part of the watch movement. In particular, the invention relates to a device for positioning a date ring.

Arrière-plan technologiqueTechnological background

On connait divers mouvements horlogers comprenant un organe, notamment un levier, qui est associé à un ressort ou qui présente lui-même une certaine élasticité. Ce ressort ou la caractéristique élastique d'un tel organe permettent à cet organe d'exercer une force mécanique avec un sens donné, notamment pour pousser continument une partie de cet organe contre une surface d'un composant et le maintenir en contact contre ce composant. La force mécanique d'un ressort tend toujours à ramener ce dernier dans sa position de repos. Ainsi, lorsqu'un ressort presse continument une partie d'extrémité d'un levier contre un composant, la position de repos de cette partie d'extrémité associée au ressort correspondrait à une pénétration du composant par la partie d'extrémité. On dit que le ressort est précontraint. Un levier et son ressort présentent donc une seule fonction consistant à presser plus ou moins fortement la partie d'extrémité du levier contre un composant, en particulier associé à un organe d'affichage, et à toujours ramener cette partie d'extrémité contre ce composant. C'est notamment le cas pour un sautoir de positionnement d'un anneau des quantièmes. Le couple qui doit être exercé sur l'anneau des quantièmes lors d'un passage d'un quantième au suivant est supérieur au couple de positionnement exercé par le sautoir sur cet anneau lorsqu'il est dans une position d'affichage. En effet, le passage d'un quantième au suivant produit un mouvement du sautoir dans le sens contraire à sa force de rappel pour pouvoir passer par-dessus une dent de la denture de l'anneau des quantièmes. Lors d'un tel événement, la force exercée par le ressort augmente. Ainsi, le mécanisme d'entraînement de l'anneau des quantièmes doit être agencé pour pouvoir exercer un couple d'entraînement relativement grand. Ceci demande aussi de fournir une énergie relativement importante pour le passage d'un quantième au suivant.Various watch movements are known comprising an organ, in particular a lever, which is associated with a spring or which itself has a certain elasticity. This spring or the elastic characteristic of such a member allow this member to exert a mechanical force with a given direction, in particular to continuously push a portion of this member against a surface of a component and keep it in contact against this component . The mechanical force of a spring always tends to bring the latter back to its rest position. Thus, when a spring continuously presses an end portion of a lever against a component, the rest position of this end portion associated with the spring would correspond to penetration of the component by the end portion. It is said that the spring is prestressed. A lever and its spring thus have a single function of pressing more or less strongly the end portion of the lever against a component, in particular associated with a display member, and always bring this end portion against this component . This is particularly the case for a jumper positioning a date ring. The couple who must being exerted on the date ring during a transition from one calendar to the next is greater than the positioning torque exerted by the jumper on this ring when it is in a display position. Indeed, the passage from one calendar to the next produces a movement of the jumper in the opposite direction to its restoring force to be able to pass over a tooth of the teeth of the ring of dates. During such an event, the force exerted by the spring increases. Thus, the drive mechanism of the date ring must be arranged to be able to exert a relatively large training torque. This also requires providing a relatively high energy for the passage of a calendar to the next.

On connait aussi des mouvements horlogers dans lesquels le ressort est remplacé par un dispositif magnétique comprenant un aimant et un second élément magnétique (autre aimant ou élément en matériau ferromagnétique). Dans le cas d'un dispositif magnétique formé de deux aimants portés respectivement par un levier et un support de ce levier, les aimants sont agencés soit en répulsion, soit en attraction. Ainsi, comme dans le cas avec un ressort, la force magnétique s'exerce constamment dans un seul et même sens, quelle que soit la distance relative entre les deux aimants. A nouveau, le dispositif magnétique d'un tel mécanisme horloger, notamment un sautoir associé à un anneau des quantièmes, présente une seule fonction consistant généralement à presser la partie d'extrémité du levier contre un composant et à toujours ramener cette partie d'extrémité contre ce composant.Watch movements are also known in which the spring is replaced by a magnetic device comprising a magnet and a second magnetic element (another magnet or element made of ferromagnetic material). In the case of a magnetic device formed of two magnets carried respectively by a lever and a support of this lever, the magnets are arranged either in repulsion or in attraction. Thus, as in the case with a spring, the magnetic force is constantly exercised in one and the same direction, whatever the relative distance between the two magnets. Again, the magnetic device of such a clock mechanism, in particular a jumper associated with a date ring, has a single function generally consisting of pressing the end portion of the lever against a component and always bringing back this end portion against this component.

Résumé de l'inventionSummary of the invention

Un objectif de la présente invention est de fournir un mouvement horloger comprenant un élément de positionnement d'un composant ou organe qui ne présente pas les inconvénients susmentionnés.An object of the present invention is to provide a watch movement comprising a positioning element of a component or organ that does not have the aforementioned drawbacks.

A cet effet, il est prévu d'associer à l'élément de positionnement un dispositif magnétique agencé de manière à exercer une force magnétique commutable sur une partie mobile de ce sautoir lors de l'entraînement du composant ou organe entre deux des positions stables et distinctes qu'il est susceptible d'occuper. Par 'force magnétique commutable' on comprend une force magnétique dont le sens s'inverse en fonction de la position de la partie mobile. En particulier, un premier sens de la force magnétique correspond à une force globale d'attraction magnétique entre deux parties du dispositif magnétique alors que le second sens de cette force magnétique correspond à une force globale de répulsion magnétique entre ces deux parties.For this purpose, it is intended to associate with the positioning element a magnetic device arranged to exert a switchable magnetic force on a moving part of the jumper when driving the component or member between two stable positions and distinct that it is likely to occupy. By "switchable magnetic force" is meant a magnetic force whose direction is reversed as a function of the position of the moving part. In particular, a first sense of the magnetic force corresponds to a global magnetic attraction force between two parts of the magnetic device while the second direction of this magnetic force corresponds to a global magnetic repulsion force between these two parts.

La présente invention concerne donc un mouvement horloger tel que défini à la revendication 1.The present invention therefore relates to a watch movement as defined in claim 1.

Dans une variante avantageuse, lorsque l'organe est dans l'une quelconque de ses positions distinctes stables et le sautoir est dans une position stable correspondante, la distance relative entre les premier et deuxième aimants est située dans la deuxième plage susmentionnée, de sorte que la force magnétique globale exercée sur le sautoir est une force d'attraction qui presse ce sautoir contre l'organe.In an advantageous variant, when the member is in any of its stable separate positions and the jumper is in a corresponding stable position, the relative distance between the first and second magnets is situated in the aforementioned second range, so that the global magnetic force exerted on the jumper is a force of attraction which presses this jumper against the organ.

Dans un mode de réalisation principal, l'organe est un disque ou un anneau comprenant une denture coopérant avec une partie terminale mobile du sautoir pour son positionnement. Le sautoir, le disque ou l'anneau et le dispositif magnétique sont agencés de manière que, lorsque le disque ou l'anneau est entraîné d'une position distincte stable à une autre position distincte stable suivante, la première partie susmentionnée s'éloigne de la deuxième partie susmentionnée avant qu'elles se rapprochent à nouveau l'une de l'autre lorsque le sautoir revient vers sa position stable. Ensuite, lorsque le disque ou l'anneau est entraîné d'une position distincte stable à une autre position distincte stable suivante, une distance d'inversion de la force magnétique globale est atteinte avant qu'une partie extrême de la partie terminale du sautoir ne soit en appui contre le sommet d'une dent de la denture, une force magnétique globale de répulsion étant ainsi exercée sur le sautoir lors du passage du sommet de cette dent.In a main embodiment, the member is a disc or a ring comprising a toothing cooperating with a mobile end portion of the jumper for positioning. The jumper, disc or ring and the magnetic device are arranged so that when the disc or ring is driven from a distinct stable position to another subsequent stable separate position, the aforesaid first portion departs from the aforementioned second part before they come closer to each other when the jumper returns to its stable position. Then, when the disk or ring is driven from a distinct stable position to another subsequent stable separate position, an inversion distance of the overall magnetic force is reached before an end portion of the terminal portion of the jumper or in support against the top of a tooth of the toothing, a global magnetic repulsion force being thus exerted on the jumper when passing from the top of this tooth.

Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, le mouvement horloger comprend en outre un ressort qui est agencé de manière que, avant que la distance d'inversion susmentionnée ne soit atteinte lors de l'entraînement du disque ou de l'anneau d'une position distincte stable à une autre position distincte stable suivante, ce ressort exerce une force sur le sautoir qui pousse sa partie terminale en direction de la denture de l'organe, cette force élastique étant prévue supérieure à la force magnétique globale de répulsion sur un tronçon terminal du parcours du deuxième aimant pour lequel le dispositif magnétique engendre cette force magnétique globale de répulsion.In a preferred embodiment, the watch movement further comprises a spring which is arranged such that, before the aforementioned inversion distance is reached when driving the disc or ring from a distinct position. stable at another stable next position, this spring exerts a force on the jumper which pushes its end portion towards the toothing of the member, this elastic force being provided greater than the overall magnetic force of repulsion on a terminal section of the path of the second magnet for which the magnetic device generates this global magnetic repulsion force.

Dans une variante avantageuse, le ressort est agencé de manière que, lorsque l'organe est dans l'une quelconque de ses positions distinctes stables et que le sautoir est dans une position stable correspondante, ce ressort est sensiblement dans sa position de repos de sorte qu'il n'exerce alors sensiblement aucune force.In an advantageous variant, the spring is arranged in such a way that, when the member is in any of its distinct stable positions and the jumper is in a corresponding stable position, this spring is substantially in its rest position so that that he then exercises not substantially any force.

Brève description des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

L'invention sera décrite ci-après à l'aide de dessins annexés, donnés à titre d'exemples nullement limitatifs, dans lesquels :

  • La Figure 1 montre un premier mode de réalisation d'un dispositif magnétique pour un mouvement horloger selon l'invention;
  • La Figure 2 montre partiellement un premier mode de réalisation d'un mécanisme horloger incorporant le dispositif magnétique de la Figure 1 ;
  • La Figure 3 représente graphiquement la force magnétique, intervenant dans le dispositif magnétique de la Figure 1, respectivement dans le mécanisme horloger de la Figure 2, en fonction de la distance D entre un élément à haute réluctance magnétique et un aimant mobile du dispositif magnétique;
  • La Figure 4 montre un deuxième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif magnétique pour un mécanisme horloger selon l'invention;
  • La Figure 5 montre partiellement un deuxième mode de réalisation d'un mécanisme horloger incorporant le dispositif magnétique de la Figure 4;
  • La Figure 6 montre un graphe similaire à celui de la Figure 3 pour le dispositif magnétique de la Figure 4, respectivement le mécanisme horloger de la Figure 5;
  • La Figure 7 montre partiellement un mouvement horloger selon la présente invention, muni d'un anneau des quantièmes associé à un mécanisme de positionnement de cet anneau;
  • La Figure 8 est une coupe de la Figure 7 selon la ligne de coupe VIII-VIII.
The invention will be described hereinafter with the aid of annexed drawings, given by way of non-limiting examples, in which:
  • The Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of a magnetic device for a watch movement according to the invention;
  • The Figure 2 partially shows a first embodiment of a clock mechanism incorporating the magnetic device of the Figure 1 ;
  • The Figure 3 graphically represents the magnetic force involved in the magnetic device of the Figure 1 , respectively in the watch mechanism of the Figure 2 as a function of the distance D between a high magnetic reluctance element and a movable magnet of the magnetic device;
  • The Figure 4 shows a second embodiment of a magnetic device for a watch mechanism according to the invention;
  • The Figure 5 partially shows a second embodiment of a watch mechanism incorporating the magnetic device of the Figure 4 ;
  • The Figure 6 shows a graph similar to that of the Figure 3 for the magnetic device of the Figure 4 , respectively the clock mechanism of the Figure 5 ;
  • The Figure 7 partially shows a watch movement according to the present invention, provided with a date ring associated with a positioning mechanism of this ring;
  • The Figure 8 is a section of the Figure 7 along the line of section VIII-VIII.

Description détaillée de l'inventionDetailed description of the invention

En référence aux Figures 1 à 3, on décrira ci-après un premier mode de réalisation du dispositif magnétique associé à un sautoir selon l'invention. Le dispositif magnétique 2 comprend un premier aimant 4, un élément à haute perméabilité magnétique 6 qui est solidaire du premier aimant, et un deuxième aimant 8 qui est mobile. L'élément 6 est agencé entre le premier aimant et le deuxième aimant. Il est agencé en contact ou proche du premier aimant. En particulier, l'élément 6 est collé au premier aimant comme montré à la Figure 2. Cet élément est constitué par exemples d'un acier au carbone, de carbure tungstène, de nickel, de FeSi ou FeNi, ou d'autres alliages avec du cobalt comme le Vacozet ® (CoFeNi) ou le Vacoflux ® (CoFe). L'élément 6 est caractérisé par un champ de saturation Bs et une perméabilité µ. Les aimants 4 et 8 sont par exemples en ferrite, en FeCo ou PtCo, en terres rares comme NdFeB ou SmCo. Ces aimants sont caractérisés par leur champ rémanent Br1 et Br2.With reference to Figures 1 to 3 , hereinafter will be described a first embodiment of the magnetic device associated with a jumper according to the invention. The magnetic device 2 comprises a first magnet 4, a high magnetic permeability element 6 which is integral with the first magnet, and a second magnet 8 which is movable. The element 6 is arranged between the first magnet and the second magnet. It is arranged in contact or close to the first magnet. In particular, the element 6 is glued to the first magnet as shown in FIG. Figure 2 . This element consists for example of a carbon steel, tungsten carbide, nickel, FeSi or FeNi, or other alloys with cobalt such as Vacozet ® (CoFeNi) or Vacoflux ® (CoFe). Element 6 is characterized by a saturation field Bs and a permeability μ. The magnets 4 and 8 are for example ferrite, FeCo or PtCo, rare earths such as NdFeB or SmCo. These magnets are characterized by their remanent field Br1 and Br2.

L'élément à haute perméabilité magnétique 6 présente un axe central 10 qui est sensiblement confondu avec l'axe d'aimantation du premier aimant 4 et également avec l'axe d'aimantation du deuxième aimant 8. Les sens d'aimantation respectifs des aimants 4 et 8 sont inversés. Ces aimants ont donc des polarités opposées et ils sont susceptibles de subir entre eux un mouvement relatif sur une certaine distance relative. Dans l'exemple représenté aux Figures 1 et 2, l'aimant 4 est fixe et l'aimant 8 est monté mobile de manière que le mouvement relatif entre eux présente une direction sensiblement le long de l'axe central 10. Dans une variante avantageuse représentée aux Figures 1 et 2, l'élément 6 présente des dimensions dans un plan orthogonal à l'axe central 10 qui sont supérieures à celles du premier aimant 4 et à celles du deuxième aimant 8 en projection dans ce plan orthogonal.The element with high magnetic permeability 6 has a central axis 10 which is substantially coincident with the magnetization axis of the first magnet 4 and also with the magnetization axis of the second magnet 8. The respective magnetization directions of the magnets 4 and 8 are reversed. These magnets therefore have opposite polarities and they are likely to undergo relative movement between them over a certain relative distance. In the example represented at Figures 1 and 2 the magnet 4 is fixed and the magnet 8 is movably mounted so that the relative movement between them has a direction substantially along the central axis 10. In an advantageous variant shown in FIGS. Figures 1 and 2 , the element 6 has dimensions in a plane orthogonal to the central axis 10 which are greater than those of the first magnet 4 and those of the second magnet 8 in projection in this orthogonal plane.

Grâce à l'agencement de l'élément 6 entre les deux aimants 4 et 8 avec cet élément 6 situé et maintenu proche de l'aimant 4 ou contre celui-ci, l'aimant 8 est soumis à une force globale de répulsion magnétique qui tend à l'éloigner de l'élément 6 lorsque la distance entre l'aimant 8 et l'élément 6 est supérieure à une distance d'inversion Dinv. Par contre, lorsque la distance entre l'aimant 8 et l'élément 6 est inférieure à la distance d'inversion Dinv, cet aimant 8 est soumis à une force globale d'attraction magnétique qui tend à l'approcher de l'élément 6 et, si rien ne s'y oppose, à le mettre en appui contre cet élément, puis à les maintenir dans cette position. La force magnétique globale est une fonction continue de la distance entre les composants et elle a une valeur nulle à la distance d'inversion Dinv. Ceci est un fonctionnement remarquable et surprenant du dispositif magnétique 2 qui est mis à profit dans le mouvement horloger selon l'invention. De préférence, la distance entre le premier aimant 4 et l'élément 6, solidaire de cet aimant, est inférieure ou sensiblement égale à un dixième de la longueur du premier aimant selon son axe d'aimantation, lequel est de préférence confondu avec l'axe central 10 de l'élément 6. La distance d'inversion Dinv est déterminée par la géométrie des trois pièces formant le dispositif 2 et leurs propriétés magnétiques.Thanks to the arrangement of the element 6 between the two magnets 4 and 8 with this element 6 located and kept close to the magnet 4 or against it, the magnet 8 is subjected to a global magnetic repulsion force which tends to move away from the element 6 when the distance between the magnet 8 and the element 6 is greater than an inversion distance D inv . On the other hand, when the distance between the magnet 8 and the element 6 is smaller than the inversion distance D inv , this magnet 8 is subjected to a global force of magnetic attraction which tends to approach the element 6 and, if nothing opposes it, to put it in support against that element, and then to keep them in that position. The global magnetic force is a continuous function of the distance between the components and it has a value of zero at the reversal distance D inv . This is a remarkable and surprising operation of the magnetic device 2 which is used in the watch movement according to the invention. Preferably, the distance between the first magnet 4 and the element 6, integral with this magnet, is less than or substantially equal to one-tenth of the length of the first magnet along its axis of magnetization, which is preferably merged with the central axis 10 of the element 6. The inversion distance D inv is determined by the geometry of the three parts forming the device 2 and their magnetic properties.

La Figure 2 montre partiellement un mécanisme horloger 12 selon l'invention, lequel incorpore le dispositif magnétique 2 de la Figure 1. Ce mécanisme horloger comprend une première partie 14 et une deuxième partie 18 susceptibles de subir entre elles un mouvement relatif sur une distance relative donnée le long de l'axe 10. La première partie comprend un premier support non magnétique 15, un premier aimant 4 monté fixement sur ce premier support et un élément à haute perméabilité magnétique 6 également monté fixement sur le premier support. La deuxième partie 18 comprend un deuxième support 19 et un deuxième aimant 8 monté fixement sur ce deuxième support. L'élément 6 est agencé entre le premier aimant et le deuxième aimant. Ces deux aimants sont agencés en répulsion magnétique de manière que l'aimant 8 subit, dans une première plage 26 de la distance relative susmentionnée (voir Figure 3), globalement une force de répulsion magnétique qui tend à l'éloigner de l'élément 6. Ensuite, l'élément 6 et les deux aimants sont agencés de manière que le deuxième aimant 8 subit, dans une deuxième plage 24 de la distance relative susmentionnée, globalement une force d'attraction magnétique. Cette deuxième plage correspond à des éloignements entre les première et deuxième parties, et donc à des distances D entre l'élément 6 et l'aimant 8, qui sont inférieurs aux éloignements correspondant à la première plage 26 de la distance relative.The Figure 2 partially shows a clock mechanism 12 according to the invention, which incorporates the magnetic device 2 of the Figure 1 . This clock mechanism comprises a first portion 14 and a second portion 18 capable of being mutually relative to each other over a given relative distance along the axis 10. The first part comprises a first non-magnetic support 15, a first magnet 4 fixedly mounted on the first support and a high magnetic permeability element 6 also fixedly mounted on the first support. The second portion 18 comprises a second support 19 and a second magnet 8 fixedly mounted on the second support. The element 6 is arranged between the first magnet and the second magnet. These two magnets are arranged in magnetic repulsion so that the magnet 8 undergoes, in a first range 26 of the relative distance mentioned above (see Figure 3 ), generally a magnetic repulsion force which tends to move it away from the element 6. Then, the element 6 and the two magnets are arranged so that the second magnet 8 undergoes, in a second range 24 of the relative distance aforementioned, overall a magnetic attraction force. This second range corresponds to distances between the first and second parts, and therefore at distances D between the element 6 and the magnet 8, which are smaller than the distances corresponding to the first range 26 of the relative distance.

Dans la variante représentée aux Figures 1 et 2, les premier et deuxième aimants sont cylindriques et l'élément à haute perméabilité magnétique 6 a la forme d'un disque. L'élément 6 présente un axe central 10 qui est sensiblement confondu avec les axes d'aimantation respectifs des premier et deuxième aimants. Les première et deuxième parties 15 et 19 sont agencées ici de manière que le mouvement relatif entre elles est effectué sensiblement le long de l'axe central 10. Cependant, on notera que le mécanisme horloger selon l'invention reste fonctionnel sans cette dernière condition, la direction du mouvement relatif pouvant présenter un certain angle relativement à l'axe central 10. Toutefois, dans ce cas, il est préférable que les deux aimants s'alignent sensiblement lorsque l'éloignement entre les deux parties 14 et 18 diminue, en particulier dans la deuxième plage 24 de la distance relative, ceci pour maximiser la force d'attraction magnétique entre l'aimant 8 et l'élément 6. Ensuite, la partie mobile peut subir un mouvement circulaire et former notamment une pièce pivotée ou articulée. Dans ce cas, l'axe d'aimantation de l'aimant fixe est de préférence sensiblement tangent à l'axe circulaire défini par le mouvement circulaire de l'aimant mobile 8.In the variant shown in Figures 1 and 2 the first and second magnets are cylindrical and the high magnetic permeability element 6 has the shape of a disc. The element 6 has a central axis 10 which is substantially coincident with the respective magnetization axes of the first and second magnets. The first and second parts 15 and 19 are arranged here so that the relative movement between them is substantially along the central axis 10. However, it will be noted that the clock mechanism according to the invention remains functional without the latter condition, the direction of the relative movement may have an angle relative to the central axis 10. However, in this case, it is preferable that the two magnets are substantially aligned when the distance between the two parts 14 and 18 decreases, in particular in the second range 24 of the relative distance, this to maximize the magnetic attraction force between the magnet 8 and the element 6. Then, the movable portion can undergo a circular motion and form in particular a pivoted or articulated piece. In that case, the magnetization axis of the fixed magnet is preferably substantially tangential to the circular axis defined by the circular motion of the movable magnet 8.

Les première et deuxième parties présentent respectivement deux surfaces latérales 16 et 20, la surface 16 définissant une butée pour la partie 18. Cette butée détermine une distance minimale Dmin entre l'élément 6 et l'aimant 8. La distance relative entre les première et deuxième parties sur laquelle s'effectue le mouvement relatif entre celles-ci correspond au niveau du dispositif magnétique 2 à une plage de distances D entre la distance minimale Dmin et une distance maximale Dmax entre l'élément 6 et l'aimant 8. Cette distance maximale Dmax est généralement définie par le mécanisme horloger et imposée par une butée ou un rappel élastique.The first and second parts respectively have two lateral surfaces 16 and 20, the surface 16 defining a stop for the part 18. This stop determines a minimum distance D min between the element 6 and the magnet 8. The relative distance between the first and second surfaces and second part on which the relative movement between them corresponds to the level of the magnetic device 2 at a range of distances D between the minimum distance D min and a maximum distance D max between the element 6 and the magnet 8 This maximum distance D max is generally defined by the watch mechanism and imposed by a stop or an elastic return.

Le graphe de la Figure 3 montre un exemple de courbe 22 pour la force magnétique globale, qui s'exerce entre les première et deuxième parties 14 et 18 du mécanisme horloger 12, en fonction de la distance D entre l'élément à haute perméabilité magnétique 6 et l'aimant mobile 8. La distance relative sur laquelle peut s'effectuer le mouvement relatif entre les deux parties 14 et 18 est formée de deux plages 24 et 26. On observe que, pour la plage 24, la force magnétique globale est une force d'attraction engendrée entre les deux parties, cette force d'attraction augmentant rapidement lorsque l'aimant 8 s'approche de l'élément 6 et elle présente une valeur maximale théoriquement pour une distance nulle entre eux et pratiquement, dans le mécanisme horloger 12, pour la distance minimale Dmin. La plage 24 s'étend entre cette distance minimale et une distance Dinv d'inversion du sens de la force magnétique entre les première et deuxième parties. Pour la distance d'inversion Dinv la force magnétique globale est donc égale à zéro. Au-delà de cette distance d'inversion, pour la plage 26, la force magnétique globale est une force de répulsion engendrée entre les première et deuxième parties. On notera que cette force de répulsion présente, en valeur absolue, un maximum qui est inférieur au maximum de la force d'attraction. Cependant, en fonction des dimensionnements des éléments du dispositif magnétique, il est possible d'inverser ce ratio. Ensuite, on remarquera que la force de répulsion varie peu sur une relativement grande plage de distances relatives (ici entre 0.4 mm et 1.0 mm et même au-delà), cette force de répulsion étant ainsi sensiblement constante sur cette plage de distances.The graph of the Figure 3 shows an example of curve 22 for the overall magnetic force, which is exerted between the first and second parts 14 and 18 of the watch mechanism 12, as a function of the distance D between the high magnetic permeability element 6 and the moving magnet 8. The relative distance over which the relative movement between the two parts 14 and 18 can be made is formed of two areas 24 and 26. It is observed that, for the area 24, the overall magnetic force is a force of attraction generated. between the two parts, this attractive force rapidly increasing when the magnet 8 approaches the element 6 and it has a maximum value theoretically for a distance zero between them and practically, in the clock mechanism 12, for the distance minimum D min . The range 24 extends between this minimum distance and a distance D inv inversion of the direction of the magnetic force between the first and second parts. For the inversion distance D inv, the global magnetic force is therefore equal to zero. Beyond this inversion distance, for the range 26, the overall magnetic force is a repulsive force generated between the first and second parts. It will be noted that this repulsion force has, in absolute value, a maximum which is less than the maximum of the attraction force. However, depending on the sizing of the elements of the magnetic device, it is possible to reverse this ratio. Then, it will be noted that the repulsion force varies little over a relatively large range of relative distances (here between 0.4 mm and 1.0 mm and even beyond), this repulsive force thus being substantially constant over this range of distances.

Dans une variante avantageuse, l'élément à haute perméabilité magnétique est constitué d'un verre métallique à base de fer ou cobalt.In an advantageous variant, the element with high magnetic permeability consists of a metal glass based on iron or cobalt.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation non représenté, il est prévu que la première partie soit fixe et que l'élément à haute perméabilité magnétique forme lui-même une butée pour la deuxième partie mobile dont l'aimant mobile vient en appui contre cet élément à la distance relative minimale. Dans ce cas, la surface de contact de l'élément à haute perméabilité magnétique est de préférence durcie à au moins 650 HV. Dans une variante préférée, l'aimant mobile comprend un revêtement de protection agencé sur sa surface en regard de la première partie, ce revêtement de protection venant buter contre l'élément à haute perméabilité magnétique à la distance relative minimale.In another embodiment not shown, it is provided that the first part is fixed and that the element with high magnetic permeability itself forms a stop for the second movable part whose movable magnet bears against this element. the relative minimum distance. In this case, the contact surface of the high magnetic permeability element is preferably cured to at least 650 HV. In a preferred variant, the movable magnet comprises a protective coating arranged on its surface facing the first part, this protective coating abutting against the high magnetic permeability element at the minimum relative distance.

A l'aide des Figures 4 à 6, on décrira ci-après un deuxième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif magnétique pouvant être incorporé dans un mouvement horloger selon l'invention. Ce mode de réalisation se distingue du précédent essentiellement par la forme de l'élément à haute perméabilité magnétique 36 et ensuite par les dimensions et caractéristiques magnétiques des trois éléments du dispositif magnétique 32 qui sont prévues pour diminuer les forces magnétiques globales maximales intervenant dans le mécanisme horloger 42. Le dispositif magnétique 32 comprend deux aimants cylindriques 4A et 8A et entre eux un élément à haute perméabilité magnétique 36 de forme sphérique, ces trois éléments magnétiques étant aligné sur un axe central 10. Le fonctionnement du dispositif magnétique 32, respectivement du mécanisme horloger 42 est similaire à celui du premier mode de réalisation, de sorte que ce qui a été exposé précédemment s'applique en majeure partie à ce deuxième mode de réalisation.With the help of Figures 4 to 6 a second embodiment of a magnetic device that can be incorporated into a watch movement according to the invention will be described below. This embodiment is distinguished from the previous one essentially by the shape of the element with high magnetic permeability 36 and then by the magnetic dimensions and characteristics of the three elements of the magnetic device 32 which are intended to reduce the maximum overall magnetic forces involved in the mechanism. watchmaker 42. The magnetic device 32 comprises two cylindrical magnets 4A and 8A and between them a high magnetic permeability element 36 of spherical shape, these three magnetic elements being aligned on a central axis 10. The operation of the magnetic device 32, respectively of the mechanism watchmaker 42 is similar to that of the first embodiment, so that what has been explained above applies for the most part to this second embodiment.

Le mouvement horloger comprend une base 46 (platine ou pont) sur laquelle sont agencées une première partie 44 et une deuxième partie 48 du mécanisme horloger 42. La première partie 44 comprend un support 38 dans lequel sont agencés l'élément sphérique 36 et l'aimant cylindrique 4A. Le support 38 est solidaire de la base, ce qui est indiqué schématiquement par une vis d'assemblage du support 38 à cette base. Le support 38 a une forme extérieure parallélépipédique et présente une ouverture centrale de forme globale parallélépipédique ou cylindrique. A une première extrémité de cette ouverture, du côté de l'élément sphérique, est prévue une saillie transversale 39 formant une butée pour cet élément sphérique et ainsi l'empêchant de sortir entièrement de l'ouverture tout en permettant qu'une partie de l'élément sphérique sorte du support et qu'ainsi l'aimant mobile 8A de la deuxième partie 48 (partie mobile du mécanisme décrit ici) puisse venir en contact avec l'élément sphérique. A la suite de l'élément sphérique 36 est agencé dans l'ouverture du support 38 l'aimant 4A, lequel est en contact avec l'élément sphérique. Du côté de l'aimant, l'ouverture est fermée par une paroi d'extrémité chassée dans l'ouverture. La deuxième partie 48 comprend un support 40 dans une ouverture duquel est inséré fixement l'aimant 8A. Le support 40 est agencé mobile relativement à la base 46, de sorte que la deuxième partie peut subir un déplacement linéaire selon l'axe central 10. La base peut comprendre une butée 47 qui limite le mouvement du support 40 et détermine donc, le long de l'axe central 10, une distance maximale Dmax entre l'élément 36 et l'aimant mobile 8A.The watch movement comprises a base 46 (platinum or bridge) on which are arranged a first part 44 and a second part 48 of the watch mechanism 42. The first part 44 comprises a support 38 in which the spherical element 36 and the spherical element 36 are arranged. cylindrical magnet 4A. The support 38 is secured to the base, which is indicated schematically by a screw assembly of the support 38 to this base. The support 38 has a parallelepipedal external shape and has a central opening of parallelepipedal or cylindrical overall shape. At a first end of this opening, on the side of the spherical element, is provided a transverse projection 39 forming a stop for this spherical element and thus preventing it from fully emerging from the opening while allowing a part of the spherical element sort of support and thus the movable magnet 8A of the second part 48 (movable part of the mechanism described here) can come into contact with the spherical element. Following the spherical element 36 is arranged in the opening of the support 38 the magnet 4A, which is in contact with the spherical element. On the magnet side, the opening is closed by an end wall driven into the opening. The second part 48 comprises a support 40 in an opening of which the magnet 8A is fixedly inserted. The support 40 is arranged movably relative to the base 46, so that the second part can undergo a linear displacement along the central axis 10. The base can comprise a stop 47 which limits the movement of the support 40 and therefore determines, along of the central axis 10, a maximum distance D max between the element 36 and the movable magnet 8A.

La courbe 50 de la Figure 6 représente la force magnétique globale exercée entre les première et deuxième parties 44 et 48, et donc en particulier la force exercée sur la partie mobile par la partie fixe. Les valeurs négatives de la force magnétique globale correspondent à une attraction magnétique alors que les valeurs positives correspondent à une répulsion magnétique entre les première et deuxième parties. On constate que, en valeur absolue, la force d'attraction maximale, correspondant à une distance nulle entre l'aimant 8A et l'élément 36, est environ deux fois plus grande que la force de répulsion maximale entre eux. Toutefois, en fonction du dimensionnement des trois composants du dispositif magnétique, il est possible de modifier ce ratio. Une force magnétique globale de valeur nulle est obtenue pour une distance d'inversion Dinv égale, dans l'exemple représenté, à environ 0.15 mm. On constate que la force de répulsion est premièrement limitée en intensité et qu'elle est sensiblement constante sur une plage relativement importante (entre 0.4 mm et 1.0 mm sur le graphe représenté). Ceci peut être avantageux pour la fonction de la partie mobile 48, comme c'est le cas dans la présente invention. On notera qu'il est possible de prévoir une butée, limitant le rapprochement possible entre l'aimant 8A et l'élément 36 à une distance non nulle.Curve 50 of the Figure 6 represents the overall magnetic force exerted between the first and second parts 44 and 48, and therefore in particular the force exerted on the moving part by the fixed part. The negative values of the global magnetic force correspond to a magnetic attraction while the positive values correspond to a magnetic repulsion between the first and second parts. It can be seen that, in absolute value, the maximum force of attraction, corresponding to a zero distance between the magnet 8A and the element 36 is about twice as large as the maximum repulsive force between them. However, depending on the sizing of the three components of the magnetic device, it is possible to modify this ratio. A global magnetic force of zero value is obtained for an inversion distance D inv equal, in the example shown, to about 0.15 mm. It can be seen that the repulsion force is primarily limited in intensity and that it is substantially constant over a relatively large range (between 0.4 mm and 1.0 mm in the graph shown). This may be advantageous for the function of the movable portion 48, as is the case in the present invention. Note that it is possible to provide a stop, limiting the possible approximation between the magnet 8A and the element 36 at a non-zero distance.

Les Figures 7 et 8 concernent un indicateur de quantièmes qui est maintenu dans diverses positions distinctes stables par un sautoir 54 muni d'un ressort 60 et d'un aimant 8 agencé fixement sous son bras. Par sautoir, on comprend ici généralement un levier pivotant ou un élément mobile susceptible de subir un mouvement de translation, ce levier pivotant ou cet élément mobile présentant une partie configurée de manière à coopérer avec une partie d'un organe pour pouvoir le positionner dans une pluralité de positions distinctes stables. Le ressort et l'aimant sont donc considérés ici comme des éléments complémentaires prévus pour assurer la fonction du sautoir.The Figures 7 and 8 relate to a date indicator which is maintained in various stable separate positions by a jumper 54 provided with a spring 60 and a magnet 8 fixedly arranged under his arm. By jumper, here generally comprises a pivoting lever or a movable member capable of undergoing a translation movement, the pivoting lever or the movable element having a portion configured to cooperate with a part of an organ to be able to position in a plurality of stable distinct positions. The spring and the magnet are therefore considered here as complementary elements provided to ensure the function of the jumper.

Le mécanisme horloger 52 comprend un dispositif magnétique 2 décrit précédemment (étant entendu que la courbe de la force magnétique globale de la Figure 3 est seulement donnée à titre d'exemple nullement limitatif). L'anneau des quantièmes 56 comprend une denture 58 entre les dents de laquelle s'insère une partie terminale mobile du sautoir 54 pour maintenir momentanément l'anneau des quantièmes dans une quelconque de ses positions distinctes stables. Le sautoir est monté pivotant autour d'un axe 64 sur une platine 62 d'un mouvement horloger. L'aimant 4 et l'élément ferromagnétique 6 sont agencés fixement sur la platine 62 du côté de la denture 58 relativement au bras du sautoir. L'aimant 4, l'élément ferromagnétique et la platine forment ensemble une première partie 63 du mouvement horloger alors que le sautoir et l'aimant 8 forment ensemble une deuxième partie 55 de ce mouvement horloger.The watch mechanism 52 comprises a magnetic device 2 described above (it being understood that the curve of the overall magnetic force of the Figure 3 is only given as a non-limiting example). The date ring 56 comprises a toothing 58 between the teeth of which a moving end portion of the jumper 54 is inserted to temporarily hold the date ring in any of its stable separate positions. The jumper is pivotally mounted about an axis 64 on a plate 62 of a watch movement. The magnet 4 and the element ferromagnetic 6 are fixedly arranged on the plate 62 on the side of the toothing 58 relative to the arm of the jumper. The magnet 4, the ferromagnetic element and the platinum together form a first portion 63 of the watch movement while the jumper and the magnet 8 together form a second portion 55 of this watch movement.

Le sautoir et le dispositif magnétique sont agencés, lorsque la partie terminale mobile du sautoir est insérée entre deux dents de la denture 58 et dans une position stable avec deux flancs en appui contre deux dents adjacentes, de manière que l'aimant mobile 8 est premièrement sensiblement aligné avec l'aimant fixe 4 et l'élément 6 et de manière que cet aimant mobile se trouve à proximité de l'élément 6 ou en contact avec ce dernier. Dans tous les cas, il est prévu que, pour la position stable du sautoir dans laquelle il positionne l'anneau des quantièmes dans une quelconque de ses positions d'affichage, la force magnétique globale exercée sur le sautoir est une force d'attraction qui le presse contre la denture 58. Ensuite, le sautoir 54, la denture 58 et le dispositif magnétique 2 sont agencés de manière que, lorsque l'anneau des quantièmes est entraîné en rotation et que le sautoir pivote autour de son axe 64 de sorte que l'aimant mobile 8 s'éloigne de l'élément ferromagnétique 6 en suivant un parcours circulaire, la distance Dinv d'inversion de la force magnétique globale est atteinte avant que l'extrémité de la partie terminale du sautoir ne soit en face d'une dent. Dans une variante préférée, on agencera ces éléments pour que cette distance d'inversion corresponde environ à la moitié du parcours de l'aimant mobile 8.The jumper and the magnetic device are arranged, when the mobile end portion of the jumper is inserted between two teeth of the toothing 58 and in a stable position with two flanks bearing against two adjacent teeth, so that the movable magnet 8 is firstly substantially aligned with the fixed magnet 4 and the element 6 and so that the movable magnet is in proximity to the element 6 or in contact therewith. In all cases, it is expected that for the stable position of the jumper in which it positions the date ring in any of its display positions, the overall magnetic force exerted on the jumper is a force of attraction which the press against the toothing 58. Next, the jumper 54, the toothing 58 and the magnetic device 2 are arranged in such a way that, when the date ring is rotated and the jumper pivots about its axis 64, so that the moving magnet 8 moves away from the ferromagnetic element 6 along a circular path, the inverting distance D inv of the overall magnetic force is reached before the end of the terminal part of the jumper is in front of the 'a tooth. In a preferred variant, these elements will be arranged so that this inversion distance corresponds to about half the path of the moving magnet 8.

Le ressort 60 est agencé de manière que, avant que la distance d'inversion Dinv ne soit atteinte lors d'un changement de quantième et du pivotement du sautoir qui en résulte, ce ressort exerce une force sur le sautoir qui pousse la partie terminale de celui-ci en direction de la denture 58, cette force élastique étant prévue supérieure à la force magnétique globale de répulsion. Ainsi, sur tout le tronçon terminal du parcours de l'aimant mobile 8 pour lequel le dispositif magnétique 2 engendre une force magnétique globale de répulsion, le ressort agit dans le sens contraire pour laisser la partie terminale en contact avec la denture 58 et permettre au sautoir de revenir dans une position de positionnement de l'anneau des quantièmes où le dispositif magnétique 2 agit à nouveau en attraction.The spring 60 is arranged so that, before the inversion distance D inv is reached during a change of date and the pivoting of the jumper that results, this spring exerts a force on the jumper which pushes the end portion of it in the direction of the toothing 58, this elastic force being provided greater than the overall magnetic repulsion force. Thus, over the entire terminal portion of the path of the movable magnet 8 for which the magnetic device 2 generates a global magnetic force repulsion, the spring acts in the opposite direction to leave the end portion in contact with the toothing 58 and allow the jumper to return to a position of positioning of the date ring where the magnetic device 2 acts again in attraction.

En complément du dispositif magnétique, le sautoir est associé au ressort 60 de manière à augmenter son efficacité tout en limitant l'énergie nécessaire au passage de l'affichage d'un quantième au suivant. En effet, dans la position stable du sautoir où il positionne l'anneau des quantièmes dans une position d'affichage précise, le dispositif magnétique engendre une force d'attraction magnétique importante sur le sautoir dont la partie terminale presse contre deux dents adjacentes de la denture 58. Toutefois, lors d'un changement de quantième, cette force d'attraction magnétique diminue rapidement lorsque le sautoir pivote en s'écartant du fond de la denture et ensuite, sur le tronçon terminal du parcours du sautoir au-delà de la distance d'inversion Dinv, une force globale de répulsion magnétique s'oppose à la force élastique du ressort de sorte que la force totale exercée sur le sautoir est moindre que la force élastique du ressort. Cette force totale est prévue de préférence aussi faible que possible.In addition to the magnetic device, the jumper is associated with the spring 60 so as to increase its efficiency while limiting the energy required for the passage of the display from one calendar to the next. Indeed, in the stable position of the jumper where it positions the date ring in a precise display position, the magnetic device generates a significant magnetic attraction force on the jumper whose end portion presses against two adjacent teeth of the 58. However, during a change of date, this magnetic attraction force decreases rapidly when the jumper pivots away from the bottom of the toothing and then on the terminal section of the jumper course beyond the inversion distance D inv , a global force of magnetic repulsion opposes the elastic force of the spring so that the total force exerted on the jumper is less than the elastic force of the spring. This total force is preferably provided as low as possible.

Dans une variante avantageuse, le maintien en position de la partie terminale du sautoir au fond de la denture est essentiellement obtenu par la force d'attraction magnétique, la position stable du sautoir correspondant sensiblement à la position de repos pour le ressort 60 de sorte qu'il n'exerce alors sensiblement aucune force. Dans cette variante, le rôle du ressort est donc de vaincre la force de répulsion magnétique intervenant lorsque la partie terminale du sautoir s'escamote pour laisser passer une dent, de manière à ramener ensuite le dispositif magnétique 2 dans une situation d'attraction magnétique pour positionner l'anneau des quantièmes dans une nouvelle position stable.In an advantageous variant, the holding in position of the end portion of the jumper at the bottom of the toothing is essentially obtained by the magnetic attraction force, the stable position of the jumper substantially corresponding to the rest position for the spring 60 so that he then exerts substantially no force. In this variant, the role of the spring is thus to overcome the magnetic repulsion force occurring when the end portion of the jumper retracts to let a tooth pass, so as to then return the magnetic device 2 in a magnetic attraction situation for position the date ring in a new stable position.

Dans une variante, il est prévu que l'élément ferromagnétique 6 soit solidaire du sautoir et fixé devant l'aimant 8. Ceci définit une inversion cinématique qui ne change essentiellement rien au fonctionnement du dispositif magnétique 2. En effet, la force magnétique globale conserve un comportement similaire. Ainsi, dans un mode de réalisation particulier, le mécanisme comprend un levier auquel est incorporée la première partie ou la deuxième partie du mécanisme horloger décrit précédemment.In a variant, it is provided that the ferromagnetic element 6 is integral with the jumper and fixed in front of the magnet 8. This defines an inversion kinematic that essentially changes nothing to the operation of the magnetic device 2. Indeed, the overall magnetic force maintains a similar behavior. Thus, in a particular embodiment, the mechanism comprises a lever incorporating the first part or the second part of the clock mechanism described above.

Claims (12)

  1. Timepiece movement comprising a support (62), a jumper (64) arranged to be movable on the support, a member (56) arranged to be held by the jumper in any one distinct stable position of a plurality of distinct stable positions and a magnetic device (2) associated with the jumper and including a first magnet (4) and a second magnet (8), said first and second magnets generating between them a magnetic force and being capable of undergoing a relative movement over a relative distance, the first magnet being fixedly mounted on said support and the second magnet being fixedly mounted on said jumper; characterized in that the magnetic device further includes an element of high magnetic permeability (6) which is arranged between the first magnet and the second magnet and which is integral with said first magnet or said second magnet, the magnetic device being formed by a first portion comprising the element of high magnetic permeability and the first or second magnet integral with said element, and a second portion respectively comprising the second magnet or the first magnet, the magnetic device being arranged to generate, over a first range (26) of said relative distance, an overall force of magnetic repulsion between the first portion and the second portion and, over a second range (24) of said relative distance, an overall force of magnetic attraction between the first and second portions, the second range corresponding to distances between the first and second portions that are smaller than distances corresponding to the first range of said relative distance.
  2. Timepiece movement according to claim 1, characterized in that, when said member is in any one of its distinct stable positions and when the jumper is in a corresponding stable position, said relative distance between the first and second magnets lies in said second range, such that the overall magnetic force exerted on the jumper is a force of attraction which presses said jumper against said member.
  3. Timepiece movement according to claim 2, wherein said member is a disc or a ring comprising a toothing cooperating with a movable terminal part of the jumper for the positioning thereof, characterized in that the jumper, the disc or the ring and the magnetic device are arranged such that, when the disc or the ring is driven from one distinct stable position to another subsequent distinct stable position, said first portion moves away from said second portion before said portions move closer together again when the jumper returns to its stable position;
    and in that, when the disc or the ring is driven from one distinct stable position to another subsequent distinct stable position, a distance (Dinv) of inversion of overall magnetic force is reached before an end portion of the jumper terminal part abuts against the tip of one tooth of said toothing, an overall force of magnetic repulsion thus being exerted on the jumper on crossing the tip of said tooth.
  4. Timepiece movement according to claim 3, characterized in that said inversion distance corresponds to approximately half the travel that said second magnet (8) makes in both directions when the disc or the ring is driven from one distinct stable position to another subsequent distinct stable position.
  5. Timepiece movement according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the movement further includes a spring (60) which is arranged such that, before said inversion distance (Dinv) is reached when the disc or the ring is driven from one distinct stable position to another subsequent distinct stable position, said spring exerts a force on the jumper which pushes the terminal part thereof in the direction of said toothing (58), said elastic force being arranged to be greater than said overall force of magnetic repulsion over an end section of the travel of said second magnet (8) for which said magnetic device generates said overall force of magnetic repulsion.
  6. Timepiece movement according to claim 5, characterized in that said spring is arranged such that, when said member is any one of its distinct stable positions and when the jumper is in a corresponding stable position, said spring is substantially in the rest position and therefore exerts substantially no force.
  7. Timepiece movement according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second magnets have opposite polarities along an axis of the movement defined by said relative movement.
  8. Timepiece movement according to claim 7, characterized in that said element of high magnetic permeability (6) has a central axis substantially tangent to or coincident with said axis of the movement and dimensions in a plane orthogonal to its central axis which are greater than those of the first magnet and to those of the second magnet in projection into said orthogonal plane.
  9. Timepiece movement according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance between said element of high magnetic permeability and the magnet which is integral therewith is less than or substantially equal to one tenth of the length of said magnet along its axis of magnetization.
  10. Timepiece movement according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said element of high magnetic permeability (6) is formed of an iron or cobalt based metallic glass.
  11. Timepiece movement according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said element of high magnetic permeability has a surface, called the contact surface, which is arranged to be in contact with said second portion when the first and second portions are at a minimum relative distance, said contact surface being hardened to at least 650 HV.
  12. Timepiece according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnet of said second portion has a surface with a protective coating arranged to be in contact with said first portion when the first and second portions are at a minimum relative distance.
EP16201468.2A 2015-12-02 2016-11-30 Clock movement comprising an element for positioning a movable portion of said clock movement Active EP3185082B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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EP15197624 2015-12-02

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EP3185082A1 EP3185082A1 (en) 2017-06-28
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EP16201468.2A Active EP3185082B1 (en) 2015-12-02 2016-11-30 Clock movement comprising an element for positioning a movable portion of said clock movement
EP16201470.8A Active EP3182219B1 (en) 2015-12-02 2016-11-30 Timepiece comprising a case provided with a hinged lid and a device for locking the lid

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16201470.8A Active EP3182219B1 (en) 2015-12-02 2016-11-30 Timepiece comprising a case provided with a hinged lid and a device for locking the lid

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4002017A1 (en) * 2020-11-13 2022-05-25 Comadur S.A. Anti-corrosion protection for timepiece magnets, in particular neodymium-iron-boron

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3313101A (en) 1965-10-18 1967-04-11 Shirley B Carroll Instrument case
FR2221764B1 (en) * 1973-03-14 1976-09-10 Union Horlogere Gros Volume
US4409576A (en) * 1982-02-03 1983-10-11 Polaroid Corporation Method and apparatus which change magnetic forces of a linear motor
EP2309349B1 (en) 2009-10-12 2013-07-24 Bovet Fleurier SA Case for a timepiece with multiple configurations
CN203745802U (en) * 2013-12-24 2014-07-30 陈丽蓉 Novel clock

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Title
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EP3182219B1 (en) 2018-11-28
EP3185082A1 (en) 2017-06-28
EP3182219A1 (en) 2017-06-21

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