EP3031992B1 - Thermal insulation composite and thermal insulation composite area and wall structure, comprising the thermal insulation composite or the thermal insulation composite area, and method for the preparation of wall structures - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a thermal insulation composite, in particular a plate-shaped thermal insulation composite. Furthermore, the invention relates to a thermal insulation composite area, in particular thermal insulation panel area comprising thermal insulation composite or thermal insulation panels. The invention also relates to a wall structure, comprising at least one thermal insulation composite or a composite thermal insulation compound. Finally, the invention relates to a method for the production of wall structures.

To a greater extent, buildings are retrofitted with thermal insulation. Even with new buildings, the heat insulation is given special attention for the purpose of saving energy. The facade insulation, i. The heat insulation applied to the outside of the building's exterior wall has been established for decades. However, specifications of the monument and ensemble protection as well as other ordinances or wishes of the client often do not allow such external facade insulation. In these cases, for example, there is the possibility of relying on the internal insulation of buildings, i. to change the attachment of the thermal insulation on the inside of the building exterior wall.

When performing the interior insulation, it is important for a variety of reasons to pay attention to a professional design. Basically, various systems are available for the interior insulation, such as those with and without vapor barriers or barriers, kapillarleitende insulation and composite panels with integrated insulation. Vapor-proof internal insulation has the disadvantage that it can easily be damaged in small repairs or installations and no longer fulfill their task. Furthermore, it should be noted that the moisture balance of a building exterior wall, In particular impact rain wall can be noticeably influenced by an internal insulation to the detriment. Because a building facade absorbs water in the course of a year, which causes no damage as long as the damp masonry in the summer can dry inside. After attaching a vapor-tight inner insulation this is no longer possible. Moisture accumulates behind the insulation material and the masonry becomes continuously wet. This increases the risk of mildew and the risk of frost damage. Structural damage can no longer be ruled out.

Capillary-active internal insulation does not use a vapor barrier. The above-described disadvantages occur in such internal insulation regularly not or only attenuated, depending on the quality of the inner insulation.

For capillary-active internal insulation, for example, homogeneous open-pore mineral plates are used. These include calcium silicate boards such as the commercially available product Calsitherm, mineral insulating materials which contain perlite filler, for example the product Tectem, and the aerated concrete Multipor. In this context, also on the DE 197 23 426 C1 and the DE 10 2010 005 361 A1 directed. The essential common feature of these insulation boards is that the homogeneous material must simultaneously fulfill the two functions of thermal insulation and capillary conductivity, thus it is inevitably only a compromise dar. These plates generally have a density of about 120 to 300 kg / m ³ at a Thermal conductivity (dry) from approx. 0.045 to 0.065 W / mK.

Furthermore, for capillary-active interior insulation slabs of blown cork, as in the DE 10 2007 025303 A1 described, used, which have been filled through the entire plate cavities under vacuum with modified clay. While the first material is responsible for the thermal insulation (cork), the other material (clay) is used for capillary conductivity. The bulk density of the filled cork plate is 120 to 150 kg / m ³ with a thermal conductivity (dry) between 0.04 to 0.06 W / mK. Desired are regularly better thermal insulation.

In the EP 2 447 431 A2 serves a plate of expanded polystyrene whose individual prefoamed balls are still largely round and little of the usual polyhedron shape have adopted in polystyrene plates, as responsible for the thermal insulation component. This plate is traversed by continuous and partially connected cavities, which, similar to in DE 10 2007 025 303 A1 were filled under vacuum with a lime / cement-based composition as a capillary-conductive material. An essential feature of the above-described embodiment of insulation boards is that basically two individual anisotropic frameworks, one responsible for the thermal insulation and one for the capillary conductivity, are placed inside each other. As a result, there is no preferred direction for either the heat or the capillary.

According to another embodiment, insulation boards, such as EP 86 681 B1 can be seen, also have a checkerboard-like arranged Dämmplattenabschnitte, which are connected via capillary-active cuboid webs. Insulating boards with cuboidal capillary conductive webs are also found in the DE 10 2010 044 791 A1 and DE 10 2010 044 789 A1 disclosed. The webs are made of calcium silicate, the insulation boards are vacuum insulation panels and aluminum-foamed rigid polyurethane foam.

In the WO 92/10624 An insulation board is provided with through holes, which are to be filled after attachment to the wall with Kapillarleitfähigem material. Insulating boards filled with capillary active material through holes are also in the DE 10 2007 040 938 A1 . EP 2 183 099 A1 . DE 10 2007 040 938 and DE 10 2011 050 830 A1 described. In addition, in the EP 2 183 099 A1 and the DE 10 2007 040 938 It is recommended that both the visible side, ie the side facing the interior of the capillary active insulation board after installation, as well as the condensation side, ie the wall after installation regularly the inside of a building (outside) wall facing side each with a capillary conductive coating to provide a Liquid transport to accomplish. This type of coating on both sides brings in particular when introducing larger amounts of liquid or moisture on the building exterior wall in the described capillary active insulation board, the risk of staining or the sign of capillary conductive passages or the marking of the capillary conductive joints of this capillary conductive insulation board on the visible side, for example on one on the capillary conductive coating of the insulation board applied top coat or applied to this coating paint, eg due to local liquid passage and / or by dew water accumulation, with it.

Many insulation materials made of fibers are often not or not sufficiently capillary conductive, although they have a high water vapor permeability. They also require the additional equipment with a kapillarleitfähige material, which can also be ensured by appropriately filled holes.

The previously available capillary active insulation boards have a wide variety of defects.

Insulating materials, as in the DE 197 23 426 C1 and DE 10 2010 005 361 A1 disclosed, are relatively heavy and have significantly poorer insulation properties in the dry state than the usual insulation for the outer insulation (such as EPS, PU or PF). Due to their high density and the required due to the only moderate thermal insulation higher plate thickness for a comparable energy savings and resource consumption in the above-mentioned insulation materials is high. In addition, these insulating materials are generally hardly mechanically loadable, which is reflected in the often small plate dimensions that must be applied in practice. It is not uncommon in the creation of a insulated inner wall to breakouts and breaks, especially on plate corners, which are then often filled with mortar, but which has no heat-insulating properties, thus representing a thermal bridge. Due to the manufacturing process, cracks and bubbles can not be ruled out over a large area. In these areas, the capillary is interrupted.

Insulating materials, as in the WO 92/10624 generally do not use small amounts of capillary conductive material. This gives away valuable space for the heat-insulating component. Also, the production of these insulation materials is often not trivial. In addition, the mechanical complexity is high. Due to the required vacuum, the systems can fill only small sized blocks with the capillary active material.

According to the insulation boards DE 10 2007 040 938 A1 and DE 10 2011 050 830 A1 It has been found that cooler areas, ie the areas of the openings containing capillary-active material, experience darker over time. On the inside of the wall then creates an undesirable pattern. To avoid this effect, it is therefore regularly necessary to provide an at least 5 to 10 mm thick final coating of a good heat-conducting material. According to the DE 10 2010 44 791 A1 and DE 10 2010 044 789 A1 For this purpose, recourse is had to cover plates approximately 10 mm thick.

In the DE 10 2011 109 661 A1 an insulation panel is disclosed with a functional layer, wherein the functional layer extends in a plane of the plate and forms a first edge of the insulation plate. This known has an oblique course to an orthogonal to the plate plane. Adjacent insulation boards, each with a complementary oblique edge course, should contribute to a better thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation composite formed from these insulation boards. Here, the complementary against each other adjacent, sloping edges of adjacent insulation boards may be provided with a capillary active material along the entire edge profile and in this way connect the functional layers together for the purpose of moisture transport.

It would be desirable to be able to resort to insulation or insulation boards, which are no longer subject to the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular ensure a consistently good thermal insulation. The present invention was therefore based on the object to provide insulating materials that overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular allow a building interior insulation that is structurally easy to implement and at the same time minimizes the risk of thermal bridge or completely excludes, and although without relying on a vapor barrier. It is a further object of the present invention to provide internal insulation which is inexpensive and which minimizes or eliminates the problem of condensation and / or the problem of mold growth. Furthermore, the invention was based on the object to provide insulating materials or insulating materials available, which are characterized by a good bending strength. An object of the invention was also site-specific, fast to be laid large To allow plate dimensions and to provide site-specific stability. The object of the invention was also to provide an easily grindable surface to allow the removal of bumps after sticking the insulation boards on the inside of the outer wall comfortably. Furthermore, it was an object of the invention, with the help of an internal insulation to create or maintain an independent of the season pleasant room climate. In particular, the present invention, the object of the present invention to provide insulating materials for internal insulation that form on the visible side no marks and that do not tend to form moisture stains or lines or saline efflorescence and with which at the same time the problem of condensation and the problem of Mold formation minimized or can be eliminated without having to make significant concessions in the thermal insulation properties at the same time.

The object underlying the invention is accordingly achieved by a thermal insulation composite, in particular plate-shaped Wännedämmverbund, with a first side, in particular wet or condensation side, and an opposite second side, in particular drying or interior side, comprising at least one insulation material unit and therein and at least one segment extending continuously from the first side to the second side between two adjacent insulation material units, the at least one segment ending from the first side towards the second side ending in a capillary end terminating before reaching the second side , is filled with capillary conductive material to form a capillary conductive portion of the segment, such that liquid is transferable through the capillary conductive portion by capillary conduction from the first side to the capillary lead termination.

The segment extending from the first to the second side or the segments extending from the first to the second side of the thermal insulation composite according to the invention can accordingly be subdivided into a capillary-conducting or capillary-conducting section, i. a portion which is filled with capillary conductive material and is transferred by the liquid from the first side of the thermal insulation composite to capillary line termination by capillary conduit and another portion extending from said capillary conduit termination to the second side of the thermal insulation composite and which is not capillary conductive or kapillarleitendem material is filled, so that a transport of liquid through the segment from the first to the second side takes place only by Kapillarleitungsabschluss by capillary and from this Kapillarleitungsabschluss to the second side of the thermal insulation composite and possibly also substantially not or at least not predominantly by capillary, but by diffusion. The liquid to be transported here is water or aqueous systems, as used in building walls, e.g. incurred as dew, condensation or driving rainwater.

In suitable embodiments, the distance from the Kapillarleitungsabschluss to the second side is greater than 3 mm and is in particular in the range of 5 to 15 mm. Further it can be provided that the section of the segment from the capillary line termination to the second side contains diffusion-active material, which in particular is not or predominantly capillary-conductive. While moisture transport from the first side to the capillary end of the capillary conductive portion of the segment is by capillary conduction, this wicking is continued from the capillary end toward the second side by diffusion. In this way, it is possible to prevent signs or damp spots on the interior side exit points of the.

Particularly preferred thermal insulation composites according to the invention are characterized in that the second side at least in the region of at least one segment extending from the first side to the second side, in particular in the region of all segments, partially or completely, in particular completely, with at least one first diffusion-active coating is provided and that the one or more capillary line terminations of the capillary conductive portions and the first diffusion-active coating are not in contact. In this case, the first diffusion-active coating can be capillary-conductive or non-capillary-conductive. In the latter case, the coating is preferably formed from or containing a first hydrophobic or hydrophobized coating material.

In a particularly expedient embodiment, it is provided that the thermal insulation composite according to the invention comprises at least two, in particular cuboidal or cube-shaped, Dämmmaterialeinheiten each having a length, height and width extension and with an edge profile or surface at least in sections along the length and width dimension, said adjacent Dämmmaterialeinheiten along the abutting or mutually facing edge courses are glued together with at least one, in particular by means of brushing, rolling, knife coating, casting and / or spraying, binder-containing adhesive composition to form the at least one capillary conductive portion of the segment, wherein from this Adhesive composition formed in the cured state is kapillarleitfähig and starting from the first side in the direction of the second side to the Kapillarleitungsabschluss, before Errei Chen the second side ends, extends and preferably wherein at least two adjacent adhesive layers, in particular all Adhesive layers, at least partially substantially parallel to each other.

The capillary-active adhesive layers may preferably have a thickness of e.g. 0.2 mm to 3 mm and more preferably from 0.3 mm to 1.2 mm. On the first and / or the second side of the thermal insulation composite according to the invention, in particular thermal insulation panels, take the adhesive layers in the sum in a particularly preferred embodiment, only about 0.1 to 5%, preferably 0.5 to 3% and particularly preferably 1.0 to 1.5%, the total area of the respective side surface. In this way it can be ensured that the original insulating material, i. the foam product and / or the pulp, only a few milliwatts per meter and Kelvin loses in insulation performance. A further advantage of the thermal insulation composite according to the invention is also to be seen in the fact that it is possible in one embodiment that the volume of kapillarleitfähiger adhesive layer, based on the total volume of the thermal insulation composite is not more than 1 vol .-%. Even with these small volume fractions and even at volume fractions below 1%, the effect of the invention sets. The thermal conductivity of the actual material is not or hardly appreciably affected by the adhesive layer. It is advantageous that the narrow capillary-active adhesive layers do not serve as thermal bridges. Moreover, it has proven to be very advantageous that in the use phase these capillary-conductive adhesive layers do not adhere to the surface, e.g. in the form of a dimming, and not even if only a very thin plaster is used. This also contributes significantly to the fact that the Kapillarleitungsabschlüsse the capillary conductive portions of the segments or adhesive layers spaced from the second side ends and thus are not in contact with a resting on the second side plaster layer.

With the thermal insulation composites or insulation panels according to the invention and is liquid, which is initially by capillary over the capillary conductive portions of the segments or the capillary conductive adhesive layers through the at least one insulation material unit from the first side to the Kapillarleitungsabschluss, which is spaced from the opposite second side passes , then by diffusion of the second side and in particular a first diffusion-active coating present there supplied and discharged through this diffusion-active coating wide area by means of diffusion in the direction of the interior.

A thermal insulation composite within the meaning of the present invention should also already be a thermal insulation panel, for example made of foamed plastic material, such as EPS, which is provided with at least one capillary conductive portion of at least one segment from the first side to the capillary line termination. Accordingly, the term composite is intended to express that in addition to at least one insulating material unit, at least one segment with a capillary-conductive section containing capillary-conductive material has to be present.

In the context of the present invention, a diffusion-active coating is to be understood as meaning a coating in which the moisture transport is completely or essentially completely by means of diffusion, but not by means of capillary conduction. In the case of the diffusion-active coatings of the present invention, moisture transport by means of capillary conduction thus plays no or at most an insignificant, subordinate role. Accordingly, the first (and / or second and / or third) diffusion-active coating is not or substantially non-capillary conductive.

In the context of the present invention, in the inventive thermal insulation composite for the internal insulation (ie on the inside of the building exterior wall) on the first side of the wet or condensation side and on the second side of the dry side or the interior side facing , For the purposes of the present invention, the terms capillary-conductive and capillary-active are always used synonymously here.

It can be provided that at least one Dämmmaterialeinheit, preferably at least two adjacent and particularly preferably all Dämmmaterialeinheiten of fiber materials and / or foam products, in particular foam products, are formed or comprise. Suitable fibrous materials may be selected from the group consisting of mineral wool, plastic fibers, hydrophobically finished wood fibers, especially soft wood fibers, hemp fibers, wood wool, cotton and cellulose fibers or components thereof or any mixtures thereof.

The use of foam products is preferred. Suitable foam products may be selected from the group consisting of foam glass, expanded styrene polymers, especially expanded polystyrene, expanded polypropylene, elastomeric foam, polyisocyanurate foam, polyethylene foam, phenolic foam, rigid polyurethane foam, urea-formaldehyde resin foam, hydrophobicized silica, hydrophobized aerogels, extruded styrenic polymers, especially extruded polystyrene foam, expanded Cork or any mixtures thereof.

Particularly preferred for the Wännedämmverbünde invention back to such variants in which at least one Dämmmaterialeinheit, in particular the at least two, preferably adjacent Dämmmaterialeinheiten and more preferably all Dämmmaterialeinheiten, expanded or extruded styrenic polymers, in particular expanded or extruded polystyrene include or consist of.

For example, natural, ie white expanded styrene polymers, for example polystyrene, as well as black colored styrene polymers (for example the product Neopor), as from EP 981 574 known. In addition, it is of course also possible to resort to those expanded styrene polymer products which are formed from a mixture of white, ie unpigmented, styrene polymer particles and pigment-containing, for example graphite or carbon black-containing styrene polymer particles, for the thermal insulation compounds or thermal insulation units of the present invention. Such insulation boards with a speckled appearance can be found for example in the EP 1 731 552 disclosed.

The Dämmmaterialeinheiten forming or contained herein, the heat insulation composite preferably have a cuboid, e.g. plate-shaped, or a cube-shaped basic shape.

Particularly suitable thermal insulation composites are plate-shaped and accordingly constitute a thermal insulation board, in particular comprising a first and an opposite second side.

It has proven particularly expedient to use such capillary-conductive materials for the capillary-conductive section of a segment and adhesive-containing adhesive compositions for the adhesive layer which contain as binder, in particular exclusively, mineral binders. Particularly good results also occur when the capillary-conductive material or the binder-containing adhesive composition contains no fillers. In such an embodiment, the capillary-conductive action exhibited by the segment formed from the capillary-conductive material and / or the adhesive layer formed from the adhesive composition in the cured state is particularly pronounced.

Suitable mineral binders include or consist in particular of hydrate and / or hydraulic binders and are preferably selected from the group consisting of cement, lime, gypsum, high alumina cement, water glass or any mixtures thereof.

The adhesive layers of the invention or the capillary conductive materials of the segment are characterized in the cured state in that they are wettable with water, in particular a substantially complete wettability with water is present. Particularly suitable cured capillary-active adhesive layers or capillary-conductive materials and / or the mineral binders used for this purpose preferably have a contact angle (also called contact angle or wetting angle) with water in the range of 0 ° to less than 90 °, more preferably of 0 ° or nearly 0 °. Accordingly, in one embodiment, these materials have capillary activity, as known, for example, from the calcium silicate plates known in the art. Suitable materials which may also be added to the adhesive composition (s) of the segment include, for example, activated alumina, clay minerals such as bentonites and atapulgites, zeolites, superabsorbents, rheology aids or any mixtures of these components. In a further embodiment, it is provided that the binder-containing adhesive composition and / or the capillary-conductive materials of the segment hygroscopic salts are added in order to increase the capillary-conducting effect.

A homogenization of the water transportability is in particular also by using two or more different capillary conductive materials as a component the adhesive composition or materials for the capillary conductive portion of a segment combined. In this case, such an embodiment is of particular advantage, in which the capillary-active material with the coarser pores to the outer wall and the capillary-active material with the finer pores to the interior are present within the adhesive layer of the thermal insulation composite according to the invention. Of course, the two embodiments outlined above can also be combined.

A suitable useable capillary-conductive binder-containing adhesive material or capillary conductive material for the capillary-conductive portion of a segment preferably has a bulk density in the range of 0.1 to 2.0 kg / l, and more preferably 0.5 to 1.5 kg / l. The binder-containing adhesive composition or capillary-conductive material for the capillary-conductive section advantageously contains the, preferably hydraulic and / or hydric, binders and water in a ratio such that the dry densities described above are achieved.

In the particularly preferred heat-insulating composites according to the invention, the binder-containing adhesive composition or the capillary-conductive material for the capillary-conductive section contains at least one fiber material, in particular plastic fibers, natural fibers, mineral fibers, e.g. Basalt ceramic and / or glass fibers, or any mixtures thereof. As fibers additionally or alternatively also hollow fibers and / or nanotubes come into consideration. The latter have the advantage that they can also participate in capillary transport. In addition, in the thermal insulation composite according to the invention, additionally or alternatively, also fiber mats or fabrics integrated into the adhesive layer, incorporated or placed.

If different capillary-conductive materials are to be used, the application of adhesive compositions can, for example, also take place successively.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the fibers have, for example, a length in the range from 2 to 40 mm, in particular in the range from 4 to 20 mm, and particularly preferably in the range from 8 to 15 mm. It is particularly preferred that the average length of the fibers is at most 16 mm, in particular at a maximum of 12 mm and particularly preferably at a maximum of 8 mm. Accordingly, it may be provided in one embodiment be that the capillary conductive material of the capillary conductive portion of a segment and / or the binder-containing adhesive composition at least one fiber material, in particular plastic fibers, natural fibers, mineral fiber, eg basalt, ceramic and / or glass fibers, or any mixtures thereof, preferably with an average Length of the fibers of not more than 16 mm, in particular of not more than 12 mm and particularly preferably of not more than 8 mm. The fiber material can be used to reinforce, elastify and / or reduce the shrinkage of the adhesive layers or of the capillary-conductive sections. Additionally or alternatively, fibers can also be sprinkled or inflated onto the freshly applied adhesive layer.

In a particularly suitable embodiment of the thermal insulation composite according to the invention, the capillary-conductive material for the capillary-conductive sections of the segments or the adhesive layer, i. the adhesive composition comprises at least one mineral component, e.g. Silicates such as aluminum silicates, for example phyllosilicates, fibers, for example glass fibers, preferably in an average length of a maximum of 12 mm or a maximum of 8 mm, gypsum and cement. Here cement is preferably used as the main component.

Heat-insulating composites according to the invention in which the adhesive layer in the cured state has an average thickness of not more than 1.0 mm, in particular of not more than 0.7 mm and particularly preferably of not more than 0.5 mm, have proven to be particularly advantageous. In addition, such thermal insulation composites are particularly suitable in which the adhesive layer in the cured state has a maximum thickness of 2.0 mm, in particular 1.5 mm and particularly preferably 1.0 mm. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, it has proved to be advantageous to add at least one supporting grain to the binder-containing adhesive composition. In this way, the exact adherence to a desired layer thickness succeeds particularly reliable. Also, coarse additions such as Pumice granules possible.

On the one hand, the binder-containing adhesive composition provides a capillary-conductive (adhesive) layer and, on the other hand, it ensures the bonding of the insulation material units to one another.

In an expedient embodiment of the invention, it is further provided that the average width of the Dämmmaterialeinheiten and / or the edge profiles in the range of 10 mm to 200 mm, in particular range from 20 mm to 160 mm and preferably range from 40 mm to 140 mm.

Such embodiments of the thermal insulation composite according to the invention solve the problems underlying the invention in a particularly satisfactory manner, in which the first side at least in the region of extending from the first side to the second side capillary conductive portion of at least one segment, in sections or completely, in particular completely, is provided with at least one first capillary-conductive coating of one or at least one first capillary-conductive coating material or sections or completely, in particular completely, with at least one second diffusion-active coating of a second or containing at least a second hydrophobic or hydrophobic coating material and wherein the kapillarleitfähige section at least one Segment and the first capillary conductive coating or the second diffusion-active coating in contact with each other.

Particularly preferably, the first side, in particular in the region of the adhesive layer extending from the first side to the second side, is provided, at least in sections, in particular completely, with at least one capillary-active first coating material to form a first capillary-active coating, which is at least partially capillary-actively connected with at least one adhesive layer or at least one capillary-active segment.

In this case, in particular such a design variant of a thermal insulation composite according to the invention is advantageous in which the first side is substantially over the entire area provided with the first capillary conductive coating material to form the first capillary conductive coating and / or the second side substantially over the entire surface with the first hydrophobic or hydrophobic coating material is provided under formation of the first diffusion-active coating.

It has proven to be particularly expedient in one embodiment that the first and the second hydrophobic or hydrophobized coating material are substantially identical, in particular with regard to composition and / or thickness of the application of these coating materials, and / or that the first capillary conductive coating material comprises or is formed from the binder - containing adhesive composition or the capillary conductive material of the capillary conductive portion of a segment and / or the capillary conductive material of the capillary conductive portion of the segment or The segments and the binder-containing adhesive composition are substantially the same.

As a rule, it is sufficient if the first and / or second capillary-conductive coating is only a few tenths of a millimeter thick. Already in this way, the supply and discharge of possibly accumulating water to the capillary-active adhesive strip can be significantly improved.

Particularly good results with regard to an increased capillary activity are also provided by the fact that the first capillary-conductive coating has a smaller thickness at a distance from the adhesive layer than in the region, in particular in the direction of the extension, of the adhesive layer.

A particularly expedient thermal insulation composite according to the invention is also characterized in that at least two adjacent adhesive layers, in particular all adhesive layers, extend at least in sections substantially parallel to one another.

With the thermal insulation composite according to the invention, the adhesive layers can be aligned in an advantageous manner so that they extend substantially horizontally after attachment to the building wall. An advantage of this substantially horizontal arrangement of, in particular adjacent, adhesive layers is that, e.g. to a selective moisture attack behind the insulation board, the liquid flows down because of gravity and in this case meets a capillary conductive adhesive layer. Moisture can not spread nationwide in this arrangement.

In order to even out the water transportability in each section from the inside of the outer wall to the inner space, it has proved to be advantageous to apply more binder-containing adhesive composition within the thermal insulation composites to the inner space. Accordingly, the adhesive layers can not with be made of constant thickness. Rather, such heat insulation composites according to the invention are also advantageous, in particular also with regard to increased capillary activity, in which the thickness of the adhesive layer increases from the first side to the second side, ie towards the interior side, in particular continuously.

The thermal insulation composite according to the invention preferably represents a thermal insulation panel, in particular an internal thermal insulation panel, preferably with a polygonal basic shape, in particular selected from square, rectangular, triangular basic shapes.

In a particularly expedient embodiment, it is further provided that the at least one adhesive layer, in particular all adhesive layers, of the thermal insulation composite according to the invention extend along the, in particular entire, longitudinal extent thereof.

In a likewise particularly expedient embodiment, it is provided that the thermal insulation composite according to the invention also has at least one adhesive detent layer applied to the first diffusion-active coating.

In a further particularly expedient embodiment, it is provided that the inventive thermal insulation composite also has at least one diffusion-active plaster coating, in particular top coat, preferably silicate-based, on the primer layer or on the first diffusion-active coating.

In a further particularly expedient embodiment, it is provided that the thermal insulation composite according to the invention further comprises at least one diffusion-active color coating, in particular comprising a silicate or silicate dispersion paint.

In a further particularly expedient embodiment, it is provided that the inventive thermal insulation composite furthermore has at least one reinforcing fabric present on or in the first diffusion-active coating, preferably partially or completely embedded in this coating, in particular based on glass fibers.

In a further particularly expedient embodiment, it is provided that the inventive thermal insulation composite also has at least one first capillary-conductive coating from or containing the at least one third diffusion-active coating or at least one second capillary-conductive coating, in particular in the form of an adhesive layer on the first side first capillary conductive coating material.

The first capillary-conductive coating material or the first capillary-conductive coating application which is responsible for the first capillary-conductive coating of the first side, i. the moist or condensation side of the thermal insulation composite is provided, but may not coincide with the second capillary conductive coating material or the second capillary conductive coating order for the second capillary conductive coating. First as well as second coating material or coating application can also be formed from or comprise a plurality of different, each capillary-active components. It is also possible to carry out the first and / or second capillary-conductive coating material or the first and / or second capillary-conductive coating application in two or more layers, wherein the respective layers are formed from or comprise different capillary-active materials.

For the first and second capillary conductive coating material, e.g. resort to plaster containing mineral binders such as cement, gypsum or high-alumina cement.

In an exemplary embodiment, the curing of the capillary conductive material for the capillary conductive portion of a segment and / or the first and / or second capillary conductive coating material is after a time of, preferably at most, three days at 20 ° C and a relative humidity of 90%, or preferably also above, so far advanced that the capillary conductive properties have already set and that preferably the mechanical strength is sufficient for further processing. In general, such curing has often occurred after 24 hours.

Furthermore, the first, second, and / or third diffusion-active coating may be substantially coincident in their compositions.

The hydrophobic or hydrophobic coating material of the first, second and / or third diffusion-active coating preferably comprises at least one hydrophobizing agent, in particular fatty alcohols and / or fatty acids and / or fatty acid esters and / or fatty acid salts or their derivatives or any mixtures thereof, in particular in an amount in the range of 0.05 wt .-% to 3.0 wt .-%, based on the dry mass of coating material. Suitable hydrophobizing agents include e.g. Stearates such as zinc stearate. For example, in one embodiment, the hydrophobized coating material for the first, second and third diffusion-active coatings can also be achieved by using conventional plaster known to the person skilled in the art containing mineral binders such as cement, gypsum or high-alumina cement with the previously mentioned hydrophobizing agent, for example the salt or ester a fatty acid such as stearic acid.

The object underlying the invention is further achieved by a Wärmedämmverbundareal, especially Wärmedämmplattenareal comprising at least two, in particular a plurality of inventive thermal insulation joints, in particular thermal insulation panels, each having a first and an opposite second side and an at least partially circulating, the first and the second side connecting edge profile or surface with a length and width extension, wherein adjacent thermal insulation composites, in particular thermal insulation panels, at least in sections along their edge courses or surfaces, in particular flush, are adjacent.

For example, also come into consideration those embodiments in which adjacent thermal insulation composites or plates at least partially along their edge courses or surfaces with at least one binder-containing adhesive composition, in particular flush, are glued together, and wherein the adhesive layer formed from this composition is capillary conductive in the cured state and extending at least in sections from the first side to a capillary termination terminating in front of the second side.

The object underlying the invention is also achieved by a wall structure, comprising a building wall with an outer side and an opposite inner side, in particular the outer wall of the building, and on the inside at least one according to the invention Heat insulation composite or at least one inventive thermal insulation composite area, wherein the first side of the thermal insulation composite or the composite thermal insulation composite is disposed facing the inside.

In an expedient embodiment, it is provided that the first side of the thermal insulation composite or the composite thermal insulation composite sections or completely, in particular completely, with the at least one first kapillarleitfähigen coating of or containing at least a first kapillarleitfähiges coating material or with the at least one second diffusion-active coating of a second or containing at least one second hydrophobic or hydrophobic coating material is provided. Preference is given here to the first capillary conductive coating. This can also be connected to the inside of the building wall of the wall structure according to the invention, for example as an adhesive or adhesive layer.

Particularly preferred are wall structures according to the invention, which further comprise sections or completely, in particular completely, at least a third diffusion-active coating of a third or containing at least a third hydrophobic or hydrophobic coating material, the building wall, in particular the inside, with the at least one first capillary conductive coating from one or at least connects a first capillary conductive coating material. This third diffusion-active coating material acts in this case as an adhesive for the thermal bond, with which it is attached to the building wall. Through the use of a hydrophobic or hydrophobized adhesive, the moisture balance of the wall structure according to the invention can be adjusted even better over the entire year.

It can also be provided that the thermal insulation panels or composites of the wall structure represent a foam product, in particular containing or formed of foam glass, expanded styrene polymers, in particular expanded polystyrene, expanded polypropylene, elastomer foam, Polyisocyanuratschaum, polyethylene foam, phenolic resin foam, polyurethane foam, urea-formaldehyde resin foam, hydrophobicized silica, hydrophobicized aerogels, extruded styrenic polymers, in particular extruded polystyrene foam, expanded cork or any mixtures thereof. Particular preference is given to using extruded styrene polymers, in particular extruded polystyrene foam.

The thermal insulation composites or thermal insulation panels according to the invention and the thermal insulation composite areas according to the invention are suitably used for the thermal insulation of buildings, in particular on the inside of the outer walls of buildings.

• Anbringen eines Wärmedämmverbundvorläuferprodukts, insbesondere eines plattenförmigen Wärmedämmverbundvorläuferprodukts, mit einer ersten Seite, insbesondere Feucht- bzw. Tauwasserseite, und einer gegenüberliegenden zweiten Seite, insbesondere Trocken- bzw. Innenraumseite, umfassend mindestens eine Dämmmaterialeinheit und mindestens ein Segment, das sich durchgehend von der ersten Seite bis zur zweiten Seite erstreckt, wobei das Segment beginnend von der ersten Seite in Richtung der zweiten Seite bis zu einem Kapillarleitungsabschluss, der vor Erreichen der zweiten Seite endet, unter Ausbildung eines kapillarleitfähigen Abschnitts eines Segments mit kapillarleitfähigem Material gefüllt ist, so dass Flüssigkeit, d.h. Wasser oder ein wässriges System, wie vorangehend definiert,durch den kapillarleitfähigen Abschnitt eines Segments mittels Kapillarleitung von der ersten Seite bis zu dem Kapillarleitungsabschluss transferierbar ist,
• vermittels mindestens eines kapillarleitfähigen Beschichtungsmaterials unter Ausbildung mindestens einer abschnittsweisen oder vollständigen, insbesondere vollständigen, kapillarleitfähigen Beschichtung, wobei diese Beschichtung in Kontakt mit dem/den kapillarleitfähigen Abschnitten der Segmente steht,
• an der Gebäudewand, insbesondere der Innenseite der Gebäudeaußenwand,
  oder
• Anbringen eines Wärmedämmverbundvorläuferprodukts, insbesondere eines plattenförmigen Wärmedämmverbundvorläuferprodukts, mit einer ersten Seite, insbesondere Feucht- bzw. Tauwasserseite, und einer gegenüberliegenden zweiten Seite, insbesondere Trocken- bzw. Innenraumseite, umfassend mindestens eine Dämmmaterialeinheit und mindestens ein Segment, das sich durchgehend von der ersten Seite bis zur zweiten Seite erstreckt, wobei das Segment beginnend von der ersten Seite in Richtung der zweiten Seite bis zu einem Kapillarleitungsabschluss, der vor Erreichen der zweiten Seite endet, unter Ausbildung eines kapillarleitfähigen Abschnitt eines Segments mit kapillarleitfähigem Material gefüllt ist, so dass Flüssigkeit durch den kapillarleitfähigen Abschnitt des Segments mittels Kapillarleitung von der ersten Seite bis zu dem Kapillarleitungsabschluss transferierbar ist, und mit der mindestens einen ersten kapillarleitfähigen Beschichtung aus einem oder enthaltend mindestens das erste kapillarleitfähige Beschichtungsmaterial auf der ersten Seite, die in Kontakt mit dem/den kapillarleitfähigen Abschnitten der Segmente steht, über dessen erste Seite
• vermittels mindestens eines kapillarleitfähigen Beschichtungsmaterials unter Ausbildung mindestens einer abschnittsweisen oder vollständigen, insbesondere vollständigen, kapillarleitfähigen Beschichtung oder
• vermittels des zweiten hydrophoben oder hydrophobierten Beschichtungsmaterials unter Ausbildung der zweiten diffusionsaktiven Beschichtung
• an der Gebäudewand, insbesondere der Innenseite der Gebäudeaußenwand,
  und
• Aufbringen der mindestens einen ersten diffusionsaktiven Beschichtung aus dem oder enthaltend das erste hydrophobe oder hydrophobierte Beschichtungsmaterial auf der zweiten Seite, wobei der kapillarleitfähige Abschnitt mindestens eines Segments, insbesondere im Wesentlichen sämtlicher Segmente, nicht in Kontakt steht mit der ersten diffusionsaktiven Beschichtung.

The object underlying the invention is further solved by a method for producing at least one wall structure according to the invention, comprising the steps:

• Attaching a thermal insulation composite precursor product, in particular a plate-like composite thermal insulation precursor product, with a first side, especially wet side, and an opposite second side, in particular dry or indoor side, comprising at least one Dämmmaterialeinheit and at least one segment, which is continuous from the first side extending to the second side, wherein the segment is filled starting from the first side in the direction of the second side to a Kapillarleitungsabschluss that ends before reaching the second side to form a capillary conductive portion of a segment with kapillarleitfähigem material, so that liquid, ie Water or an aqueous system, as defined above, is transferable through the capillary-conductive portion of a segment by capillary conduction from the first side to the capillary end,
• by means of at least one capillary-conductive coating material to form at least one section-wise or complete, in particular complete, capillary-conductive coating, this coating being in contact with the capillary-conductive section (s) of the segments,
• on the building wall, in particular the inside of the external building wall,
  or
• Attaching a thermal insulation composite precursor product, in particular a plate-shaped thermal insulation composite precursor product, with a first side, in particular moist or condensation side, and an opposite second side, in particular dry Interior side, comprising at least one insulation material unit and at least one segment which extends continuously from the first side to the second side, wherein the segment, starting from the first side in the direction of the second side to a Kapillarleitungsabschluss, before reaching the second side is filled with Kapillarleitfähigem material, so that liquid is transferable through the capillary conductive portion of the segment by means of capillary from the first side to the Kapillarleitungsabschluss, and with the at least one first capillary conductive coating of one or at least the first capillary conductive coating material on the first side in contact with the capillary conductive portion (s) of the segments across the first side thereof
• by means of at least one capillary-conductive coating material to form at least one section-wise or complete, in particular complete, capillary-conductive coating or
• by means of the second hydrophobic or hydrophobized coating material to form the second diffusion-active coating
• on the building wall, in particular the inside of the external building wall,
  and
• Applying the at least one first diffusion-active coating from or containing the first hydrophobic or hydrophobic coating material on the second side, wherein the capillary-conductive portion of at least one segment, in particular substantially all segments, is not in contact with the first diffusion-active coating.

The inventive method provides in a preferred embodiment, that the thermal insulation composite precursor product, in particular the plate-shaped thermal insulation composite precursor product, at least two, in particular cuboid or cube-shaped Dämmmaterialeinheiten each having a length, height and width dimension and with an edge profile or surface at least in sections along the Length and width extent, wherein adjacent Dämmmaterialeinheiten along the abutting or mutually facing edge courses with at least one, in particular by means of brushing, rolling, knife coating, pouring and / or spraying applied, binder-containing adhesive composition with the formation of the at least one capillary conductive portion in the form of an adhesive layer partially or completely glued together, wherein the adhesive layer formed from this adhesive composition in the cured state is kapillarleitfähig and starting from the first side in the direction of the second side to the Kapillarleitungsabschluss, the before reaching the second side ends, extends and preferably at least two adjacent adhesive layers, in particular all adhesive layers, at least partially extend substantially parallel to each other.

The thermal insulation composite precursor product or the plate-shaped thermal insulation composite precursor product differ substantially from the thermal insulation composite according to the invention in that it does not yet have a first diffusion-active coating made of a first hydrophobic or hydrophobicized coating material.

Finally, the invention also encompasses the use of the thermal insulation composites according to the invention, in particular thermal insulation panels, the thermal insulation composite areas according to the invention, in particular the thermal insulation panel areas, for the thermal insulation of buildings, in particular of exterior walls, particularly preferably on the inside of these exterior walls.

Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of the thermal insulation composite according to the invention will be explained in more detail by way of example.

A polystyrene particle foam block is cut with oscillating hot wires into strips, eg with the dimensions (1000 mm) x (20 to 150 mm) x (insulation thickness). Subsequently, these strips are glued together again with the capillary-active binder-containing adhesive composition. The capillary-active adhesive layers may preferably have a thickness of, for example, 0.2 mm to 3 mm and particularly preferably 0.3 mm to 1.2 mm. In this way you can, for example, again, at least approximately, the usual Baustellenmaß an insulation board of 500 mm x 1000 mm x Dämmdicke receive. The strip width, ie the width of the edge profile is according to the invention preferably 20 mm to 150 mm and particularly preferably 50 mm to 100 mm.

The insulation board is coated on one side with a capillary conductive material, for example with the material of the binder-containing adhesive composition.

In order to even out the water transportability in each section from the inside of the outer wall to the inner space, it has proved to be advantageous to apply more binder-containing adhesive composition to the inner space within the thermal insulation composites. Accordingly, the adhesive layer can also be designed with non-uniform thickness. Rather, it is advantageous if their thickness increases toward the interior side.

A homogenization of the water transportability is in particular also by combining two or more different mineral binder or kapillarleitfähige materials as part of the adhesive composition together. For example, in the adhesive composition or the cured adhesive layer cement and gypsum may be present simultaneously, optionally supplemented by lime and / or high-alumina cement. In this case, such an embodiment is of particular advantage, in which the capillary-active material or the cured adhesive layer with the coarser pores to the outer wall and the capillary active material or the cured adhesive layer with the finer pores to the interior inside at least one adhesive layer of the thermal insulation composite according to the invention. Of course, the two embodiments outlined above can also be combined.

Furthermore, also by a taper of the cross-section of the adhesive layer, preferably removed, e.g. 5 mm, starting from the interior-side plate surface, remain on the plate surface so narrow remaining adhesive strip that the problem of taking away temperature differences completely in the background. In this area near the plate surface, the transported water can already partially evaporate through the insulation board.

In order to obtain more stable thermal insulation composites, in particular thermal insulation panels, according to the invention, one can stabilize the profile of the adhesive layers by special shapes. In this way, the bending strength can be increased by a factor of 1.5 to 2, for example.

A process for the production of thermal insulation joints can take place as follows: An expanded polystyrene foam block with a volume of several cubic meters is separated in the hot-wire process into insulating material units with a first and an opposite second side. In the next step, the one-sided coating of the edge surface connecting the first and second side with the liquid binder-containing adhesive composition by means of doctoring, brushing, casting, rolling, spraying, knife coating and / or spraying. Here, the adhesive composition is to be applied in a manner such that a strip of the edge surface adjacent to the second side, i. to the visible side remains free. Consequently, the material of the adhesive composition is deposited on the edge surface only from the first side to a distance from the second side. For example, a strip 5 to 10 mm wide that extends to the second side may remain free of adhesive composition. Preferably, the adhesive composition contains fibers. Additionally or alternatively, fibers can also be sprinkled or inflated onto the freshly applied adhesive layer. In this procedure, it is advantageous that there are no procedural restrictions with respect to fiber length and / or fiber quantity. As a result, unusually high fiber concentrations are possible. The longer the fibers are, the more the shrinkage which can occur during the curing of the adhesive composition can be suppressed. In this way, it is possible effectively to prevent the formation of imperfections which interrupt the capillary line. In addition, it is also possible, instead of the fibers or in addition to insert a fabric or nonwoven and only then reassemble the freshly coated plates. In addition to the stabilizing task, the fabric or fleece can have coarse capillarity and thus round off the pore structure of the capillary-conductive adhesive layer to the top. Also suitable as fibers are hollow fibers and / or nanotubes and / or natural fibers such as cellulose fibers or cotton, or optionally also wood particles, which may also participate in capillary transport. If different capillary-conductive materials are to be used, the order can be carried out, for example, successively.

The single-sided coated panels are then rejoined into a block. The size of this block may differ from the original shape of the foamed block, allowing for low-bleed choice of various board dimensions.

After curing, preferably under high humidity, a trimming cut, e.g. by hot wire or band saw, follow. This is followed by the cutting of the desired plate thicknesses and optionally a final trimming and singulation of the plates. Depending on the model, these can then be coated on one or both sides or packaged without coating.

The first side coating material, i. the condensed water side, or binder-containing adhesive composition for the adhesive layers is preferably chosen such that it can be applied without heat or drying to e.g. hardened a Hordewagen. This allows the coated plates to be packed immediately.

As part of the completion or the attachment of the thermal insulation composite as internal insulation can be applied to form the diffusion-active coating on the second side of the thermal insulation units a hydrophobic coating. This coating is not in contact with the capillary conductive material of the adhesive layers. In this diffusion-active coating, which regularly forms the so-called flush, a reinforcing fabric is preferably incorporated. Here, adjacent fabric webs are preferably embedded overlapping in said flush. Subsequently, a so-called top coat can be applied. In this case, preference is likewise given to using a diffusion-active coating material. Subsequently, depending on the application, an additional color can be applied. This can also be applied directly to the aforementioned flush.

It is also of particular advantage in the inventive thermal insulation composite that the heat energy stored in the insulation material units can be used to evaporate the water emerging at the capillary line termination of the capillary-conductive adhesive layers in the direction of the side facing the interior of a building. That is, the water emerging from the capillary-conductive adhesive layers at the respective capillary line terminations is transported by diffusion to the diffusion-active, for example, hydrophobized layer and from there into the interior. A further advantage of the thermal insulation composite according to the invention is that on the side on which the first diffusion-active coating is present (second side or visible side) it also regularly when introducing larger amounts of liquid or moisture on the building exterior wall in the described capillary active insulation board or far less pronounced (than For example, in a kapillarleitfähig equipped insulation board in which the kapillarleitfähige segment or the kapillarleitfähige adhesive layer extending from the first to the second side) to form moisture stains comes or kapillarleitfahigen adhesive layers or segments by the Dä
mmmaterial in the direction of the second, ie visible side, not or far less pronounced on this visible side sign off. Also, it comes at these points not or far less pronounced to so-called salt efflorescence. It has proved to be particularly advantageous if such a Dämmmaterialeinheit having on the first side, ie the attachment of the building wall side facing a kapillarleitfähige coating using a diffusion-active, non-capillary conductive adhesive or comprising a hydrophobic or hydrophobic coating material in sections or over the entire surface glued to the building wall.

Figur 1:

eine schematische Querschnittsansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmverbunds.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description, are explained in the preferred embodiments of the invention by way of example with reference to a schematic drawing. Showing:

FIG. 1:

a schematic cross-sectional view of a thermal insulation composite according to the invention.

FIG. 1 shows schematically a thermal insulation composite according to the invention 1 with a building outer wall zuwendbaren first side 2 and an interior zuwendbaren second side 4. The thermal insulation composite 1 is composed of a plurality of thermal insulation units 6, the respective edge surfaces 8 face each other. Between these edge surfaces 8, a capillary-conductive adhesive layer 10 is provided for connecting the thermal insulation units 6. This extends from the first side 2 to a Kapillarleitungsabschluss 12, which is spaced from the second side 4. On the first side 2 there is a capillary-conductive coating 14, which is in contact with the adhesive layers 10. On the other hand, the diffusion-active coating 16 present on the second side 4 is not in contact with the capillary-conductive adhesive layer 10. Its capillary line termination 12 is spaced from this coating 16, so that the transport of moisture from this capillary line termination 12 to the coating 16 by means of diffusion and not by means of diffusion Capillary line takes place. Of course For example, the free portion 18, which no longer has capillary conductive material, may be filled with a diffusion active material (not shown) or may remain free.

Claims (15)

1. A thermal insulation composite (1), in particular a board-like thermal insulation composite (1), with a first side (2), in particular a damp or condensation side, and an opposite second side (4), in particular a dry or interior side, comprising at least one insulating material unit and, in the latter and/or between two adjacent insulating material units, at least one segment, which extends continuously from the first side (2) to the second side, characterised in that the at least one segment is filled with capillary-conductive material beginning from the first side (2) in the direction of the second side up to a capillary conduction end (12), which ends before reaching the second side, forming a capillary-conductive section of the segment, so that liquid can be transferred through the capillary-conductive section by means of capillary conduction from the first side (2) to the capillary conduction end (12).
2. The thermal insulation composite (1) according to Claim 1, characterised in that the distance from the capillary conduction end to the second side is greater than 3 mm, in particular in the range of 5 to 15 mm, and/or in that the section of the segment from the capillary conduction end to the second side contains diffusion-active material, which in particular is not capillary-conductive or is not primarily capillary-conductive.
3. The thermal insulation composite (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the second side, at least in the area of the at least one segment extending from the first side (2) to the second side, in particular in the area of all segments, is provided partly or fully, in particular fully, with at least one first diffusion-active coating (16), and in that the capillary conduction end or ends of the capillary-conductive sections and the first diffusion-active coating are not in contact with one another.
4. The thermal insulation composite (1) according to Claim 3, characterised in that the first diffusion-active coating is capillary-conductive or is not capillary-conductive, in particular is formed by or contains a first hydrophobic or hydrophobed coating material.
5. The thermal insulation composite (1) according to any of the preceding claims, comprising at least two, in particular cuboid or dice-like, insulating material units with a length, height and width dimension respectively and with an edge contour or surface at least partly along the length and width dimension, wherein adjacent insulating material units are adhered to one another along the adjoining or facing edge contours by at least one adhesive composition containing bonding agent which is applied in particular by painting, rolling, squeegeeing, pouring and/or spraying, forming the capillary-conductive section of at least one segment, wherein the adhesive layer formed by said adhesive composition is capillary-conductive in the hardened state and beginning from the first side (2) extends in the direction of the second side up to the capillary conduction end, which ends before reaching the second side, and wherein preferably at least two adjacent adhesive layers (10), in particular all adhesive layers, are essentially at least partly parallel to one another.
6. The thermal insulation composite (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one insulating material unit, preferably at least two adjacent and particularly preferably all of the insulating material units are made from or comprise fibre materials and/or foam products, in particular foamed styrene polymers, for example expanded or extruded polystyrene.
7. The thermal insulation composite (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the first side (2) is provided at least in the area of the at least one segment extending from the first side (2) to the second side, partly or fully, in particular fully, with at least one first capillary-conductive coating made from or containing at least one first capillary-conductive coating material or partly or fully, in particular fully, with at least one second diffusion-active coating from a second coating material or containing at least one second hydrophobic or hydrophobed coating material and wherein the capillary-conductive section of at least one segment and the first capillary-conductive coating or the second diffusion-active coating are in contact with one another.
8. The thermal insulation composite (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised by at least one bonding agent layer applied onto the first diffusion-active coating and/or by at least one diffusion-active plaster coating, in particular a finishing plaster coating, preferably with a silicate base, on the binding agent layer or on the first diffusion-active coating, and/or by at least one diffusion-active colour layer, in particular comprising a silicate or silicate dispersion colour, and/or by at least one reinforcement fabric provided on or in the first diffusion-active coating, preferably embedded partly or fully into said coating, in particular with a fibreglass base.
9. The thermal insulation composite (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised by at least one third diffusion-active coating made from a third or containing at least one third hydrophobic or hydrophobed coating material on the at least one first capillary-conductive coating provided on the first side (2) made from or containing the first capillary-conductive coating material or by at least one second capillary-conductive coating (14), in particular in the form of an adhesive layer, on the at least one first capillary-conductive coating provided on the first side (2) made from or containing the first capillary-conductive coating material.
10. The thermal insulation composite (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the hydrophobic or hydrophobed coating material of the first, second and/or third diffusion-active coating comprises at least one hydrophobing agent, in particular fatty alcohols or fatty acids or fatty acid esters or fatty acid salts or derivatives thereof or any mixtures of the latter, in particular in an amount in the range of 0.05 wt.% to 3.0 wt.%, relative to the dry mass of coating material.
11. A thermal insulation composite area, in particular a thermal insulation board area, comprising at least two, in particular a plurality of thermal insulation composites, in particular thermal insulation boards, according to any of Claims 1 to 10, each with a first side and an opposite second side and an at least partly peripheral, edge contour or surface connecting the first side (2) and the second side with a length and width dimension, wherein adjacent thermal insulation composites, in particular thermal insulation boards, are adjacent at least partly along their edge contours or surfaces, in particular are flush with one another.
12. A wall structure, comprising a building wall with an external side and an opposite internal side, in particular an external building wall, and, on the inside, at least one thermal insulation composite (1) according to any of Claims 1 to 10 or at least one thermal insulation composite area according to Claim 11, wherein the first side (2) of the thermal insulation composite or the thermal insulation composite area is arranged facing the inner side.
13. The wall structure according to Claim 12, characterised in that the first side (2) of the thermal insulation composite or the thermal insulation composite area is provided partly or fully, in particular fully, with the at least one first capillary-conductive coating made from or containing at least one first capillary-conductive coating material or with the at least one second diffusion-active coating made from a second coating material or containing at least one second hydrophobic or hydrophobed coating material, preferably by joining to the internal side of the building wall.
14. A method for producing at least one wall structure according to Claim 12 or 13, comprising the steps:

    attaching on the building wall, in particular the inner side of the external building wall, a thermal insulation composite precursor product, in particular a board-like thermal insulation composite precursor product, with a first side (2), in particular a damp or condensation side, and an opposite second side, in particular a dry or interior side, comprising at least one insulating material unit and at least one segment, which extends continuously from the first side (2) to the second side, wherein the segment is filled with a capillary-conductive material beginning from the first side (2) in the direction of the second side up to a capillary conduction end, which ends before reaching the second side, forming a capillary-conductive section of the segment, so that liquid can be transferred through the capillary-conductive section by means of capillary conduction from the first side (2) to the capillary conduction end,

    by means of at least one capillary-conductive coating material forming at least one partly or fully, in particular fully, capillary-conductive coating, wherein said coating is in contact with the capillary-conductive section(s),
    or

    attaching a thermal insulation composite precursor product, in particular a board-like thermal insulation composite precursor product, with a first side (2), in particular a damp or condensation side, and an opposite second side,

    in particular dry or interior side, comprising at least one insulating material unit and at least one segment, which extends continuously from the first side (2) to the second side, wherein the segment is filled with capillary-conductive material beginning from the first side (2) in the direction of the second side up to a capillary conduction end, which ends before reaching the second side, forming a capillary-conductive section of the segment, so that liquid can be transferred through the capillary-conductive section by means of capillary conduction from the first side (2) to the capillary conduction end, and with the at least one first capillary-conductive coating made of or containing at least the first capillary-conductive coating material on the first side (2), which is in contact with the capillary-conductive section(s) of the segments, via its first side (2) by means of at least one capillary-conductive coating material forming at least one partly or fully, in particular fully, capillary-conductive coating or by means of the second hydrophobic or hydrophobed coating material forming the second diffusion-active coating on the building wall, in particular the inner side of the external building wall,
    and

    applying the at least one first diffusion-active coating made from or containing the first hydrophobic or hydrophobed coating material on the second side, wherein the capillary-conductive section of the segment(s), in particular all segments, is not in contact with the first diffusion-active coating.
15. The method according to Claim 14, characterised in that the thermal insulation composite precursor product, in particular the board-like thermal insulation composite precursor product, comprises at least two, in particular cuboid or dice-like, insulating material units each with a length, height and width dimension and with an edge contour or surface at least partly along the length or width dimension, wherein adjacent insulating material units along adjoining or facing edge contours are adhered to one another by at least one adhesive composition containing bonding agent which is applied in particular by means of painting, rolling, squeegeeing, pouring and/or spraying, forming the capillary-conductive section(s) in the form of an adhesive layer, wherein the adhesive layer formed by said adhesive composition is capillary-conductive in the hardened state and beginning from the first side (2) in the direction of the second side (4) extends up to the capillary conduction end, which ends before reaching the second side, and wherein preferably at least two adjacent adhesive layers, in particular all adhesive layers, are essentially at least partly parallel to one another.

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