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EP2903755B1 - Apparatus and method for classifying polydisperse materials - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for classifying polydisperse materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2903755B1
EP2903755B1 EP13763032.3A EP13763032A EP2903755B1 EP 2903755 B1 EP2903755 B1 EP 2903755B1 EP 13763032 A EP13763032 A EP 13763032A EP 2903755 B1 EP2903755 B1 EP 2903755B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
separating
conveying surface
separating element
feed material
openings
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Application number
EP13763032.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2903755A1 (en
Inventor
Helfried GSCHAIDER
Franz DUNST
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Binder and Co AG
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Binder and Co AG
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Publication of EP2903755A1 publication Critical patent/EP2903755A1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/28Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
    • B07B1/34Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens jigging or moving to-and-fro perpendicularly or approximately perpendiculary to the plane of the screen
    • B07B1/343Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens jigging or moving to-and-fro perpendicularly or approximately perpendiculary to the plane of the screen with mechanical drive elements other than electromagnets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/48Stretching devices for screens
    • B07B1/485Devices for alternately stretching and sagging screening surfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/14Details or accessories
    • B07B13/16Feed or discharge arrangements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/08Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B9/00Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the separation of polydispersed feed into at least one fine material and at least one coarse material, wherein feed material on a openings having conveying surface of at least one separating element is applied and the feed material on the conveying surface while moving the same for the purpose of redeployment and loosening of the Material to be conveyed is conveyed in a conveying direction, wherein at the same time a portion of the feed material is conveyed through the openings on one of the conveying surface opposite side of the at least one separating element, wherein the separating element constructive individual separating elements are alternately compressed and stretched, and wherein the resulting fines and on the Conveying surface remaining coarse material are each transported independently, according to the preamble of claim 1 and an apparatus for performing the method with a frame, and at least ns a separating element arranged therein, which divides the frame into a Sieboberteil and a Siebunterteil and the at least one separating element has a conveying surface which is provided with openings
  • broken minerals are stones that are not naturally formed, but stones that were artificially crushed, for example, in a quarry.
  • surfaces of broken minerals are not rounded, but have edges and fracture surfaces. For the industrial processing of broken minerals, it is necessary to classify them into different particle size classes.
  • rock flour crushed sand, grit, gravel and scrap.
  • the defloration is done by sighting or sieving.
  • the use of visual systems is characterized by comparatively high energy requirements.
  • the screen-type deflaking requires correspondingly large screen surfaces.
  • the properties of the crushed sand have a high influence on the quality of the deflagration.
  • a very significant influence is attributable to the moisture content. Too high moisture content means that a sighting can no longer be carried out, since a corresponding discharge of the fine material by means of air in the cross flow is no longer possible.
  • the described problem has been described with reference to the deflagration of crushed sand, it is fundamentally independent of the grain size and, in particular, can also occur with other grain sizes or other feed material in a similar manner.
  • the invention is therefore not limited to a problem occurring only in the deflagration of crushing sand but basically to problems that exist in the separation of polydisperse feedstock in fines and coarse material.
  • the FR 1 177 873 A shows a device for dedusting of tablets by means of a Rüttelsiebs, wherein a created by means of compressed air injection air-dust mixture is sucked through a suction system.
  • the DE 10 2007 021004 B3 shows a screening machine for the separation of sieve-capable goods with two vibrating screening decks, wherein for the dedusting of fines a Querstromsichter is integrated in the screening machine.
  • this object is achieved by a method according to claim 1, wherein for the separation of polydisperse feed into at least one fines and at least one coarse material, feed on openings having conveying surface of at least one separating element is applied and the feed material on the conveying surface while moving the same purpose Um istung and loosening of the conveyed material is conveyed in a conveying direction, wherein at the same time a part of the feed material is conveyed through the openings on one of the conveying surface opposite side of the at least one separating element and the fines thus obtained and the coarse material remaining on the conveying surface are each transported independently, wherein conveying a portion of the feed material through the apertures is accomplished by creating a pressure differential along the longitudinal axes of the apertures.
  • the generation of the negative pressure improves the already known gravity classification due to the conveyance of the feed material along the conveying surface while it is being moved, and makes the process less susceptible to feed with a high moisture content.
  • crushed sands with relatively high moisture content the supported by the generated negative pressure screening has proved superior to conventional screenings without negative pressure, since the size of the openings despite relatively high moisture content of the feed material with constant selectivity yet against feed with less moisture content must not be increased.
  • the method according to the invention is less energy-intensive under the same boundary conditions than, for example, conventional vision systems.
  • the extraction of the mixture from the region below the at least one separating element facilitates the arrangement of further separating devices, as will be described in more detail below.
  • the movement of the conveying surface for switching and loosening of the applied feed material at least at times has a directional component which is parallel to the longitudinal axes of the openings.
  • the separating element constructing individual separating elements are alternately compressed or expanded.
  • This process which is already known per se from pure screening technology, in combination with the use of a negative pressure according to the invention, gives particularly good separation results and, in particular, also enables high-quality deflaking of crushed sands.
  • the average stratification of the feed material on the conveying surface during the movement of the conveying surface is such that, on the one hand, there is no excessive turbulence in the upper sieve part Size in relation to the cross-section of the openings are basically conveyed through this, are thrown too far from the conveying surface to be promoted due to the negative pressure generated by the openings and on the other hand, no too low loosening of the feed material, which would lead to due their size in relation to the cross section of the openings are basically prevented by these grains conveyed to part of larger grains at the passage through the openings, so that a total of a longer process time or larger separation surfaces are required.
  • the at least one separating element undergoes, at least in sections, an acceleration between 250 m / s 2 and 600 m / s 2 due to the upsetting and stretching.
  • the fine material resulting from the separation is passed into a further separation device, preferably a gas cyclone.
  • the fines can be separated and further processed in a cost-effective and procedurally simple manner from the process air required for the production of the reduced pressure in this way.
  • a device for carrying out the method just described, with a frame, and at least one separating element disposed therein, which divides the frame into a Sieboberteil and a Siebunterteil and at least one separating element has a conveying surface , which is provided with openings which connect the Sieboberteil with the Siebunterteil.
  • a lower pressure prevails in the lower part of the sieve than in the upper part of the sieve.
  • the lower part of the sieve is connected to a suction device, for example a suction fan.
  • a suction device for example a suction fan.
  • a pressure difference between 100 and 250 Pa, preferably between 150 and 200 Pa is.
  • a vibration drive is provided on the frame, with which the frame is set into vibration.
  • the conveying surface or sections thereof in the context of the oscillation different movement direction components.
  • the vibration can for example be adjusted so that the conveying surface only in one direction moved at right angles to the longitudinal axes of the openings or so that the movement of the conveying surface takes place in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axes of the openings.
  • an attached to the frame additional oscillating system is provided and the at least one separating element attached on the one hand to the frame and on the other hand on the additional oscillating system to stretch and compress the at least one separating element.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the conveying surface inclined in the operating state of the device relative to the horizontal, preferably inclined at an angle 10 ° to 20 ° to the horizontal runs.
  • Fig.1 and 2 show a separating device according to the invention with a support 20 on springs 20 coupled to oscillate frame 7, and a arranged therein
  • the Sieboberteil 8 can be provided with a cover (not shown) or designed to be open at the top. In the Sieboberteil 8 opens a feed nozzle 18, via which feed material 1 can be introduced into the separator.
  • the separating element 6 itself can be made in one piece or in several pieces.
  • the separating element 6 comprises a plurality of substantially identically constructed individual separating elements 6a, as is apparent Figure 6 and 7 it can be seen that together form the separating element 6.
  • the surface of the integrally or multiply constructed separation element 6 forms a conveying surface 5, on which the feed material 1 is applied.
  • the conveying surface 5 or the separating element 6 have openings 4, via which, depending on the cross section of the openings 4, a portion of the feed material 1 is conveyed into the lower sieve part 9.
  • the separating device is preferably provided in the region of the upper sieve 8 with an oscillating drive 13 in the form of an imbalance drive, comprising a motor 22, a shaft 23 and imbalances 24, which can cause the frame 7 to vibrate, whereby the applied to the conveying surface 5.
  • Feed material 1 is conveyed over the conveying surface 5 and thereby partially falls through the openings 4 due to gravity.
  • the promotion is supported by a relative to the horizontal inclined, preferably inclined by an angle between 10 and 20 °, course of the conveying surface. 5
  • That part of the feed material 1, which is conveyed through the openings 4 in the Siebunterteil 9 is referred to for the purposes of the present invention as fines 2, that part which remains in the Sieboberteil 8, as coarse material 3. While the coarse material 3 via a on Sieboberteil 8 at the end of the conveying surface 5 arranged dispensing nozzle 19 is fed to a further processing, the fines 2 is discharged via a subsequent directly to the Siebunterteil 9 collecting hopper 21, wherein Siebunterteil 9 and collecting hopper 21 may also be integrally formed.
  • a pressure difference along the longitudinal axes 15 of the openings 4 is formed, wherein the pressure in the region of the lower part 9 is lower than in the region of the Sieboberteils 8 to assist in the transport of a portion of the feed material 1 through the openings 4 and thus to improve the selectivity compared to conventional genus same separators.
  • a suction device 10 is used, which is connected to the Siebunterteil 9 and the is suitable to form a pressure difference between 100 and 250 Pa, preferably between 150 and 200 Pa, measured between the conveying surface 5 and that of the conveying surface 5 opposite side 12 of the separating element. 6
  • a further separating device for example a gas cyclone 11, via which the fines 2 can be separated and fed to a disposal or further processing.
  • a further separating device for example a gas cyclone 11
  • other separating devices such as filters.
  • the use of a further separating device 11, in addition to the separating element 6, in combination with the production according to the invention of a negative pressure leads to outstanding results in terms of selectivity, while reducing the susceptibility of the blockage of the openings 4 in wet feed.
  • Fig.1 and Figure 3 show different possible arrangements of gas cyclones 11.
  • FIG. 4 and Figure 5 show an alternative embodiment of the invention according to the invention with reference to a Spannwellensiebmaschine.
  • Sieboberteil 8 and Siebunterteil 9 form a first oscillating system.
  • An additional oscillating system 14 is. via elastic elements 27, for example, sliding rubber blocks, coupled to the first oscillating system.
  • the separating elements 6a are fastened on the one hand to the first and on the other hand to the additional oscillating system 14, so that the separating elements 6a, which are pulled up along the frame frame 7 at their lateral end regions in the present embodiment, so that a separating element 6a seen in the conveying direction is a substantially U- has shaped cross-section, in addition to the oscillating motion caused by the oscillating drive 13 also compress and stretch.
  • Such a type of screening machines is basically known.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Description

GEBIET DER ERFINDUNGFIELD OF THE INVENTION

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Auftrennung von polydispersem Aufgabegut in zumindest ein Feingut und zumindest ein Grobgut, bei welchem Aufgabegut auf eine Öffnungen aufweisende Förderfläche zumindest eines Trennelementes aufgebracht wird und das Aufgabegut über die Förderfläche bei gleichzeitiger Bewegung derselben zwecks Umschichtung und Auflockerung des Fördergutes in eine Förderrichtung befördert wird, wobei gleichzeitig ein Teil des Aufgabegutes durch die Öffnungen auf eine der Förderfläche gegenüberliegende Seite des zumindest einen Trennelementes befördert wird, wobei das Trennelement aufbauende Einzeltrennelemente abwechselnd gestaucht und gedehnt werden, und wobei das so erhaltene Feingut sowie das auf der Förderfläche verbleibende Grobgut jeweils unabhängig voneinander weitertransportiert werden, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens mit einem Rahmengestell, sowie mindestens einem darin angeordneten Trennelement, welches das Rahmengestell in einen Sieboberteil und einen Siebunterteil teilt und das mindestens eine Trennelement eine Förderfläche aufweist, welche mit Öffnungen versehen ist, die den Sieboberteil mit dem Siebunterteil verbinden, wobei am Rahmengestell ein Schwingantrieb vorgesehen ist, mit welchem das Rahmengestell in Schwingungen versetzbar ist, und wobei ein am Rahmengestell befestigtes Zusatzschwingsystem vorgesehen ist und das mindestens eine Trennelement einerseits am Rahmengestell und andererseits am Zusatzschwingsystem befestigt ist, um das mindestens eine Trennelement zu dehnen und stauchen, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 6.The present invention relates to a process for the separation of polydispersed feed into at least one fine material and at least one coarse material, wherein feed material on a openings having conveying surface of at least one separating element is applied and the feed material on the conveying surface while moving the same for the purpose of redeployment and loosening of the Material to be conveyed is conveyed in a conveying direction, wherein at the same time a portion of the feed material is conveyed through the openings on one of the conveying surface opposite side of the at least one separating element, wherein the separating element constructive individual separating elements are alternately compressed and stretched, and wherein the resulting fines and on the Conveying surface remaining coarse material are each transported independently, according to the preamble of claim 1 and an apparatus for performing the method with a frame, and at least ns a separating element arranged therein, which divides the frame into a Sieboberteil and a Siebunterteil and the at least one separating element has a conveying surface which is provided with openings which connect the Sieboberteil with the Siebunterteil, wherein the frame frame is provided a vibrating drive, with which the Frame is set into vibration, and wherein an attached to the frame additional vibration system is provided and the at least one separating element is fixed on the one hand to the frame and on the other hand on the additional vibration system to stretch and compress the at least one separating element, according to the preamble of claim.

STAND DER TECHNIKSTATE OF THE ART

Die Qualitätsansprüche an gebrochene Mineralstoffe wachsen ständig und erfordern immer genauere Prüfungen und Kontrollen. Produzenten stehen deshalb ständig vor der Aufgabe, den Pröduktions- und Aufbereitungsprozess in Gesteinsaufbereitungsanlagen zu optimieren, um den Anteil an Wertprodukten und die Qualität dieser Produkte zu maximieren und gleichzeitig den Anteil an eventuell anfallenden Abfallprodukten zu verringern bzw. auch diese weiterzuverarbeiten.The quality requirements for broken minerals are constantly growing and require more and more precise tests and controls. Producers are therefore constantly faced with the task of optimizing the production and preparation process in rock treatment plants, in order to maximize the proportion of value-added products and the quality of these products, while at the same time reducing or further processing the proportion of waste products that may be produced.

Im Gegensatz zu Bruchstein natürlicher Herkunft, handelt es sich bei gebrochenen Mineralstoffen um Steine, die nicht natürlich entstanden sind, sondern um Steine, die künstlich zerkleinert wurden, beispielweise in einem Steinbruch. Im Unterschied zu den natürlich vorkommenden ungebrochenen Gesteinskörnern Geröll und Kies sind Oberflächen von gebrochenen Mineralstoffen nicht abgerundet, sondern weisen Kanten und Bruchflächen auf.
Für die industrielle Weiterverarbeitung der gebrochenen Mineralstoffe ist es erforderlich, diese in verschiedene Korngrößenklassen zu klassieren.
In contrast to quarry stone of natural origin, broken minerals are stones that are not naturally formed, but stones that were artificially crushed, for example, in a quarry. In contrast to the naturally occurring unbroken granules gravel and gravel, surfaces of broken minerals are not rounded, but have edges and fracture surfaces.
For the industrial processing of broken minerals, it is necessary to classify them into different particle size classes.

In Abhängigkeit von der Korngröße unterscheidet man beispielsweise Gesteinsmehl, Brechsand, Splitt, Schotter und Schrotten.Depending on the grain size, a distinction is made, for example, rock flour, crushed sand, grit, gravel and scrap.

Im Bereich des Brechsandes (Korngrößen beispielsweise zwischen 0 und 4 bzw. 5mm) ist es oft erforderlich, den Fülleranteil im Brechsand, das ist in der Regel jener Materialanteil mit einer Korngröße < 0,09 mm oft auch < 0,063 mm, zu reduzieren und den Brechsand (Grobgut) dadurch qualitativ hochwertiger zu machen. In der Fachsprache wird dieser Vorgang als Entfüllerung bezeichnet.In the area of the crushing sand (grain sizes, for example, between 0 and 4 or 5 mm), it is often necessary to reduce the proportion of filler in the crushing sand, which is usually that proportion of material with a particle size <0.09 mm, often <0.063 mm, and This makes crushed sand (coarse material) of higher quality. In technical terms, this process is referred to as defloration.

Üblicherweise erfolgt die Entfüllerung durch Sichtung oder siebtechnisch. Der Einsatz von Sichtanlagen ist durch vergleichsweise hohen Energiebedarf gekennzeichnet. Die siebtechnische Entfüllerung erfordert, je nach Aufgabenstellung, entsprechend große Siebflächen. In beiden Fällen haben die Eigenschaften des Brechsandes hohen Einfluss auf die Qualität der Entfüllerung. Ein sehr wesentlicher Einfluss ist dem Feuchtegehalt zuzuschreiben. Zu hohe Feuchtegehalte führen dazu, dass eine Sichtung gar nicht mehr durchgeführt werden kann, da ein entsprechender Austrag des Feingutes mittels Luft im Querstrom nicht mehr möglich ist. Bei der siebtechnischen Entfüllerung bedingt ein zu hoher Feuchtegehalt des Brechsandes unnötig große Öffnungen in der Siebfläche, was wiederum zu einer unscharfen Trennung des Brechsandes und damit zu erhöhten Sandverlusten führt.Usually, the defloration is done by sighting or sieving. The use of visual systems is characterized by comparatively high energy requirements. Depending on the task, the screen-type deflaking requires correspondingly large screen surfaces. In both cases, the properties of the crushed sand have a high influence on the quality of the deflagration. A very significant influence is attributable to the moisture content. Too high moisture content means that a sighting can no longer be carried out, since a corresponding discharge of the fine material by means of air in the cross flow is no longer possible. In the case of screen-type deflaking, an excessively high moisture content of the crushed sand causes unnecessarily large openings in the screen surface, which in turn leads to a blurred separation of the crushing sand and thus to increased sand losses.

Obwohl die beschriebene Problematik anhand der Entfüllerung von Brechsand beschrieben wurde, stellt sie sich grundsätzlich unabhängig von der Korngröße dar und kann insbesondere auch bei anderen Korngrößen oder anderem Aufgabegut auf ähnliche Art und Weise auftreten. Die Erfindung beschränkt sich daher nicht auf eine lediglich bei der Entfüllerung von Brechsand auftretende Problematik sondern grundsätzlich auf Probleme, die bei der Trennung von polydispersem Aufgabegut in Feingut und Grobgut bestehen.Although the described problem has been described with reference to the deflagration of crushed sand, it is fundamentally independent of the grain size and, in particular, can also occur with other grain sizes or other feed material in a similar manner. The invention is therefore not limited to a problem occurring only in the deflagration of crushing sand but basically to problems that exist in the separation of polydisperse feedstock in fines and coarse material.

Die FR 1 177 873 A zeigt eine Vorrichtung zur Entstaubung von Tabletten mittels eines Rüttelsiebs, wobei ein mittels Drucklufteinblasung entstandenes Luft-Staub-Gemisch über eine Absauganlage abgesaugt wird.The FR 1 177 873 A shows a device for dedusting of tablets by means of a Rüttelsiebs, wherein a created by means of compressed air injection air-dust mixture is sucked through a suction system.

In der US 5 122 262 A und der US 3 719 276 A ist jeweils eine Siebvorrichtung gezeigt, in welcher ein Aufgabegut über ein Vibrationssieb gefördert wird, wobei mit Unterdruck gearbeitet wird.In the US 5 122 262 A and the US 3 719 276 A In each case, a screening device is shown, in which a feed material is conveyed via a vibrating screen, working with negative pressure.

Die DE 10 2007 021004 B3 zeigt eine Siebmaschine zur Trennung von siebfähigen Gütern mit zwei vibrierenden Siebdecks, wobei zur Entstaubung von Feingut ein Querstromsichter in der Siebmaschine integriert ist.The DE 10 2007 021004 B3 shows a screening machine for the separation of sieve-capable goods with two vibrating screening decks, wherein for the dedusting of fines a Querstromsichter is integrated in the screening machine.

Nach dem Stand der Technik sind auch die EP 1 228 814 A2 und die EP 06 779 448 A1 bekannt, die jeweils eine Spanwellensiebmaschine offenbaren, bei der einzelne Siebmatten durch deine angeregte Schwingung abwechselnd gestaucht und gedehnt werden.According to the prior art are also the EP 1 228 814 A2 and the EP 06 779 448 A1 Known, each revealing a Spanwellensiebmaschine in which individual sieve mats are alternately compressed and stretched by your excited vibration.

Es ist daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, die Nachteile des Stands der Technik zu überwinden und ein Verfahren zur Auftrennung von Aufgabegut, vorzugsweise Brechsande, in zumindest Feingut und zumindest Grobgut zur Verfügung zu stellen, welches auch bei höherem Feuchtegehalt des Aufgabegutes dennoch eine scharfe Trennung in Feingut und Grobgut ermöglicht.It is therefore the object of the present invention to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a method for separating feedstock, preferably crushed sands, in at least fines and at least coarse material, which still provides a sharp separation even with a higher moisture content of the feedstock in fines and coarse material.

Es ist eine weitere Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur Verfügung zu stellen.It is a further object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for carrying out a method according to the invention.

DARSTELLUNG DER ERFINDUNGPRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 gelöst, bei welchem zur Auftrennung von polydispersem Aufgabegut in zumindest ein Feingut und zumindest ein Grobgut, Aufgabegut auf eine Öffnungen aufweisende Förderfläche zumindest eines Trennelementes aufgebracht wird und das Aufgabegut über die Förderfläche bei gleichzeitiger Bewegung derselben zwecks Umschichtung und Auflockerung des Fördergutes in eine Förderrichtung befördert wird, wobei gleichzeitig ein Teil des Aufgabegutes durch die Öffnungen auf eine der Förderfläche gegenüberliegende Seite des zumindest einen Trennelementes befördert wird und das so erhaltene Feingut sowie das auf der Förderfläche verbleibende Grobgut jeweils unabhängig voneinander weitertransportiert werden, wobei das Befördern eines Teils des Aufgabegutes durch die Öffnungen durch Erzeugung einer Druckdifferenz entlang der Längsachsen der Öffnungen erfolgt.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method according to claim 1, wherein for the separation of polydisperse feed into at least one fines and at least one coarse material, feed on openings having conveying surface of at least one separating element is applied and the feed material on the conveying surface while moving the same purpose Umschichtung and loosening of the conveyed material is conveyed in a conveying direction, wherein at the same time a part of the feed material is conveyed through the openings on one of the conveying surface opposite side of the at least one separating element and the fines thus obtained and the coarse material remaining on the conveying surface are each transported independently, wherein conveying a portion of the feed material through the apertures is accomplished by creating a pressure differential along the longitudinal axes of the apertures.

Welche Korngrößen das Feingut bilden und welche das Grobgut hängt unter Anderem von der Größe der Öffnungen ab und ist durch Variation derselben auch einstellbar.Which grain sizes form the fines and which coarse material depends, inter alia, on the size of the openings and can also be adjusted by varying them.

Durch die Erzeugung des Unterdrucks wird die bereits bekannte, durch die Beförderung des Aufgabegutes entlang der Förderfläche bei gleichzeitiger Bewegung derselben bewirkte Klassierung aufgrund der Schwerkraft verbessert und das Verfahren unempfindlicher gegen Aufgabegut mit hohem Feuchtegehalt. Insbesondere bei Brechsanden mit relativ hohem Feuchtegehalt hat sich die durch den erzeugten Unterdruck unterstützte Siebung als gegenüber herkömmlichen Siebungen ohne Unterdruck überlegen erwiesen, da die Größe der Öffnungen trotz relativ hohem Feuchtegehalt des Aufgabegutes bei gleichbleibender Trennschärfe dennoch gegenüber Aufgabegut mit weniger Feuchtegehalt nicht vergrößert werden muss. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist darüberhinaus unter gleichen Randbedingungen weniger energieintensiv als beispielsweise herkömmliche Sichtanlagen.The generation of the negative pressure improves the already known gravity classification due to the conveyance of the feed material along the conveying surface while it is being moved, and makes the process less susceptible to feed with a high moisture content. In particular, crushed sands with relatively high moisture content, the supported by the generated negative pressure screening has proved superior to conventional screenings without negative pressure, since the size of the openings despite relatively high moisture content of the feed material with constant selectivity yet against feed with less moisture content must not be increased. Moreover, the method according to the invention is less energy-intensive under the same boundary conditions than, for example, conventional vision systems.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, die Druckdifferenz durch Absaugung eines Gemisches aus Luft und Feingut aus dem Bereich unterhalb des mindestens einen Trennelementes (Siebunterteil) zu erzeugen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided to generate the pressure difference by suction of a mixture of air and fine material from the area below the at least one separating element (lower part of the screen).

Darüberhinaus erleichtert das Absaugen des Gemisches aus dem Bereich unterhalb des zumindest einen Trennelementes das Anordnen von weiteren Trennvorrichtungen, wie weiter unten noch näher beschrieben werden wird.Moreover, the extraction of the mixture from the region below the at least one separating element facilitates the arrangement of further separating devices, as will be described in more detail below.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass die Bewegung der Förderfläche zur Umschichtung und Auflockerung des aufgebrachten Aufgabegutes zumindest zeitweise eine Richtungskomponente aufweist, die parallel zu den Längsachsen der Öffnungen ist. Dadurch ergibt sich im Zusammenhang mit der oben beschriebenen Unterstützung der Siebung durch den erzeugten Unterdruck ein besonders günstiger Effekt, da, je nach Intensität der Bewegung der Förderfläche in Richtung der Längsachsen der Öffnungen, sich Körner des Aufgabegutes zumindest kurzfristig sehr locker geschichtet sind und die kleineren, leichteren Körner dadurch besser aufgrund der Druckdifferenz durch die Öffnungen befördert werden können.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the movement of the conveying surface for switching and loosening of the applied feed material at least at times has a directional component which is parallel to the longitudinal axes of the openings. This results in connection with the above-described support of the screening by the negative pressure generated a particularly favorable effect, since, depending on the intensity of the movement of the conveying surface in the direction of the longitudinal axes of the openings, grains of the feed material are at least in the short term very loose layered and the smaller , lighter grains can be transported better due to the pressure difference through the openings.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, däss das Trennelement aufbauende Einzeltrennelemente abwechselnd gestaucht bzw. gedehnt werden. Dieses an sich aus der reinen Siebtechnik bereits bekannte Verfahren liefert in Kombination mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Einsatz eines Unterdrucks besonders gute Trennergebnisse und ermöglicht insbesondere auch eine qualitativ hochwertige Entfüllerung bei Brechsanden.According to the invention, it is provided that the separating element constructing individual separating elements are alternately compressed or expanded. This process, which is already known per se from pure screening technology, in combination with the use of a negative pressure according to the invention, gives particularly good separation results and, in particular, also enables high-quality deflaking of crushed sands.

Im Zusammenhang mit dem Dehnen und Stauchen des mindestens einen Trennelementes ist zu beachten, die durchschnittliche Schichtung des Aufgabegutes auf der Förderfläche während der Bewegung der Förderfläche so zu gestalten, dass es einerseits zu keiner übermäßigen Verwirbelung im Sieboberteil kommt, wodurch jene Körner, die aufgrund ihrer Größe im Verhältnis zum Querschnitt der Öffnungen grundsätzlich durch diese beförderbar sind, zu weit von der Förderfläche geschleudert werden, um aufgrund des erzeugten Unterdrucks durch die Öffnungen befördert zu werden und andererseits zu keiner zu geringen Auflockerung des Aufgabegutes kommt, was dazu führen würde, die aufgrund ihrer Größe im Verhältnis zum Querschnitt der Öffnungen grundsätzlich durch diese beförderbaren Körner zu Teil von größeren Körnern am Durchtritt durch die Öffnungen gehindert werden, so dass insgesamt eine längere Verfahrensdauer bzw. größere Trennflächen erforderlich sind. Erfindungsgemäß ist es daher vorgesehen, dass das zumindest eine Trennelement aufgrund des Stauchens und Dehnens zumindest abschnittsweise eine Beschleunigung zwischen 250m/s2 und 600m/s2 erfährt.In connection with the stretching and compression of the at least one separating element, it should be noted that the average stratification of the feed material on the conveying surface during the movement of the conveying surface is such that, on the one hand, there is no excessive turbulence in the upper sieve part Size in relation to the cross-section of the openings are basically conveyed through this, are thrown too far from the conveying surface to be promoted due to the negative pressure generated by the openings and on the other hand, no too low loosening of the feed material, which would lead to due their size in relation to the cross section of the openings are basically prevented by these grains conveyed to part of larger grains at the passage through the openings, so that a total of a longer process time or larger separation surfaces are required. According to the invention, it is therefore provided that the at least one separating element undergoes, at least in sections, an acceleration between 250 m / s 2 and 600 m / s 2 due to the upsetting and stretching.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass sich das durch die Trennung ergebende Feingut in eine weitere Trennvorrichtung, vorzugsweise einen Gaszyklon geleitet wird. Das Feingut kann auf diese Art und Weise kostengünstig und verfahrenstechnisch einfach von der für die Herstellung des Unterdrucks benötigten Prozessluft getrennt und weiterverarbeitet werden.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the fine material resulting from the separation is passed into a further separation device, preferably a gas cyclone. The fines can be separated and further processed in a cost-effective and procedurally simple manner from the process air required for the production of the reduced pressure in this way.

Die eingangs beschriebene Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß auch durch eine Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6 zur Durchführung des soeben beschrieben Verfahrens gelöst, mit einem Rahmengestell, sowie mindestens einem darin angeordneten Trennelement , welches das Rahmengestell in einen Sieboberteil und einen Siebunterteil teilt und das mindestens eine Trennelement eine Förderfläche aufweist, welche mit Öffnungen versehen ist, die den Sieboberteil mit dem Siebunterteil verbinden. Erfindungsgemäß ist es vorgesehen, dass im Siebunterteil ein geringerer Druck als im Sieboberteil vorherrscht. Dadurch entsteht eine Druckdifferenz entlang der Längsachsen der Öffnungen, wobei im Bereich der Förderfläche in der Öffnung ein größerer Druck herrscht als im Bereich der der Förderfläche gegenüberliegenden Seite des mindestens einen Trennelementes, so dass Körner alleine durch diese Druckdifferenz durch die Öffnungen vom Sieboberteil in den Siebunterteil befördert werden.The object described above is also achieved by a device according to claim 6 for carrying out the method just described, with a frame, and at least one separating element disposed therein, which divides the frame into a Sieboberteil and a Siebunterteil and at least one separating element has a conveying surface , which is provided with openings which connect the Sieboberteil with the Siebunterteil. According to the invention, it is provided that a lower pressure prevails in the lower part of the sieve than in the upper part of the sieve. This results in a pressure difference along the longitudinal axes of the openings, wherein in the region of the conveying surface in the opening, a greater pressure prevails than in the region of the conveying surface opposite side of the at least one separating element, so that grains alone by this pressure difference through the openings from the Sieboberteil in the Siebunterteil to get promoted.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante ist es vorgesehen, dass der Siebunterteil mit einer Absaugvorrichtung, beispielsweise einem Sauggebläse in Verbindung steht. Die daraus sich ergebenden Vorteile wurden bereits weiter oben beschrieben. Insbesondere ergibt sich damit der Vorteil, dass zwischen Siebunterteil und Absaugvorrichtung gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung weitere Trennvorrichtungen, wie beispielsweise ein Gaszyklon, anordenbar sein können und der dadurch entstehende Druckverlust durch entsprechende Dimensionierung bzw. durch entsprechenden Betrieb der Absaugvorrichtung gezielt und exakt ausgeglichen werden kann.In a particularly preferred embodiment variant, it is provided that the lower part of the sieve is connected to a suction device, for example a suction fan. The resulting benefits have already been described above. In particular, this results in the advantage that between the lower part of the sieve and suction device according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, further separation devices, such as a gas cyclone, can be arranged and the resulting pressure loss can be compensated specifically and precisely by appropriate dimensioning or by appropriate operation of the suction device can.

Als besonders gute Trennergebnisse liefernd ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass zwischen Sieboberteil und Siebunterteil, jeweils gemessen an der Förderfläche des mindestens einen Trennelementes und an der der Förderfläche gegenüberliegenden Seite des mindestens einen Trennelementes eine Druckdifferenz zwischen 100 und 250 Pa, vorzugsweise zwischen 150 und 200 Pa ausgebildet ist. Insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit der Entfüllerung von Brechsand ergibt sich damit eine Trennung in Fein- und Grobgut mit entsprechender Trennschärfe, bei relativ kleiner Trennfläche.Providing particularly good separation results according to the invention is provided that formed between Sieboberteil and Siebunterteil, each measured on the conveying surface of the at least one separating element and on the opposite side of the conveying surface of at least one separating element, a pressure difference between 100 and 250 Pa, preferably between 150 and 200 Pa is. In particular, in connection with the deflagration of crushed sand thus results in a separation into fine and coarse material with a corresponding selectivity, with a relatively small separation surface.

Zur Erzeugung der Bewegung der Förderfläche zwecks Umschichtung und Auflockerung des auf die Förderfläche aufgebrachten Aufgabegutes ist laut der Erfindung ein Schwingantrieb am Rahmengestell vorgesehen, mit welchem das Rahmengestell in Schwingungen versetzbar ist. Je nach Art und Weise der erzeugten Schwingung weist die Förderfläche bzw. Abschnitte davon, im Rahmen der Schwingung unterschiedliche Bewegungsrichtungskomponenten auf. Die Schwingung kann beispielsweise so eingestellt werden, dass sich die Förderfläche lediglich in einer Richtung rechtwinkelig auf die Längsachsen der Öffnungen bewegt oder aber so, dass die Bewegung der Förderfläche auch in einer Richtung parallel zu den Längsachsen der Öffnungen erfolgt.To generate the movement of the conveying surface for the purpose of redeployment and loosening of the applied to the conveying surface feed material according to the invention, a vibration drive is provided on the frame, with which the frame is set into vibration. Depending on the manner of the vibration generated, the conveying surface or sections thereof, in the context of the oscillation different movement direction components. The vibration can for example be adjusted so that the conveying surface only in one direction moved at right angles to the longitudinal axes of the openings or so that the movement of the conveying surface takes place in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axes of the openings.

Weiterhin ist ein am Rahmengestell befestigtes Zusatzschwingsystem vorgesehen und das mindestens eine Trennelement einerseits am Rahmengestell und andererseits am Zusatzschwingsystem befestigt, um das mindestens eine Trennelement zu dehnen und stauchen. In Kombination mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Einsatz des erfindungsgemäßen Unterdrucks ergibt sich dadurch eine besonders hohe Trennschärfe.Furthermore, an attached to the frame additional oscillating system is provided and the at least one separating element attached on the one hand to the frame and on the other hand on the additional oscillating system to stretch and compress the at least one separating element. In combination with the inventive use of the vacuum according to the invention, this results in a particularly high selectivity.

Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Förderfläche im Betriebszustand der Vorrichtung gegenüber der Horizontalen geneigt, vorzugsweise um einen Winkel 10°bis 20° zur Horizontalen geneigt, verläuft.A further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the conveying surface inclined in the operating state of the device relative to the horizontal, preferably inclined at an angle 10 ° to 20 ° to the horizontal runs.

KURZE BESCHREIBUNG DER FIGURENBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Im Anschluss erfolgt nun eine detaillierte Beschreibung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sowie des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Dabei zeigt

Fig.1
eine schematische Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Trennvorrichtung
Fig.2
eine Schnittansicht gemäß Linie AA aus Fig.1
Fig.3
eine schematische Seitenansicht einer 1. alternativen Ausführungsvariante einer erfindungsgemäßen Trennvorrichtung
Fig.4
eine schematische Seitenansicht einer 2. alternativen Ausführungsvariante einer erfindungsgemäßen Trennvorrichtung
Fig.5
eine Schnittansicht gemäß Linie BB aus Fig.4
Fig.6
eine Detailansicht eines Einzeltrennelementes
Fig.7
eine Förderfläche aufgebaut aus mehreren miteinander verbundenen Trennelementen
Following is now a detailed description of a device according to the invention and the method according to the invention. It shows
Fig.1
a schematic side view of a separation device according to the invention
Fig.2
a sectional view along line AA Fig.1
Figure 3
a schematic side view of a first alternative embodiment of a separating device according to the invention
Figure 4
a schematic side view of a second alternative embodiment of a separation device according to the invention
Figure 5
a sectional view along line BB Figure 4
Figure 6
a detailed view of a single separating element
Figure 7
a conveying surface constructed of a plurality of interconnected separating elements

WEGE ZUR AUSFÜHRUNG DER ERFINDUNGWAYS FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Fig.1 und 2 zeigen eine erfindungsgemäße Trennvorrichtung mit einem an Auflagern 20 über Federn 25 schwingfähig gekoppelten Rahmengestell 7, sowie einem darin angeordneten Fig.1 and 2 show a separating device according to the invention with a support 20 on springs 20 coupled to oscillate frame 7, and a arranged therein

Trennelement 6, welches das Rahmengestell 7 in einen Sieboberteil 8 und einen Siebunterteil 9 teilt. Der Sieboberteil 8 kann dabei mit einer Abdeckung (nicht gezeichnet) versehen oder aber nach oben offen ausgebildet sein. In den Sieboberteil 8 mündet ein Aufgabestutzen 18, über welches Aufgabegut 1 in die Trennvorrichtung eingebracht werden kann.Separating element 6, which divides the frame 7 in a Sieboberteil 8 and a Siebunterteil 9. The Sieboberteil 8 can be provided with a cover (not shown) or designed to be open at the top. In the Sieboberteil 8 opens a feed nozzle 18, via which feed material 1 can be introduced into the separator.

Das Trennelement 6 selbst kann einstückig gefertigt sein oder aber mehrstückig. In letzterem Fall umfasst das Trennelement 6 mehrere im Wesentlichen gleich aufgebaute Einzeltrennelemente 6a, wie es aus Fig.6 und 7 ersichtlich ist, die gemeinsam das Trennelement 6 aufbauen. Die Oberfläche des einstückig oder mehrstückig aufgebauten Trennelementes 6 bildet eine Förderfläche 5 aus, auf welche des Aufgabegut 1 aufgebracht wird. Die Förderfläche 5 bzw. das Trennelement 6 weisen Öffnungen 4 auf, über welche, abhängig vom Querschnitt der Öffnungen 4, ein Teil des Aufgabegutes 1 in den Siebunterteil 9 befördert wird.The separating element 6 itself can be made in one piece or in several pieces. In the latter case, the separating element 6 comprises a plurality of substantially identically constructed individual separating elements 6a, as is apparent Figure 6 and 7 it can be seen that together form the separating element 6. The surface of the integrally or multiply constructed separation element 6 forms a conveying surface 5, on which the feed material 1 is applied. The conveying surface 5 or the separating element 6 have openings 4, via which, depending on the cross section of the openings 4, a portion of the feed material 1 is conveyed into the lower sieve part 9.

Die Trennvorrichtung ist vorzugsweise im Bereich des Sieboberteils 8 mit einem Schwingantrieb 13 in Form eines Unwuchtantriebs, umfassend einen Motor 22, eine Welle 23 sowie Unwuchten 24, versehen, welcher das Rahmengestell 7 in Schwingung versetzen kann, wodurch das auf die Förderfläche 5 aufgebrachte. Aufgabegut 1 über die Förderfläche 5 befördert wird und dabei aufgrund der Schwerkraft teilweise durch die Öffnungen 4 fällt. Unterstützt wird die Förderung durch einen gegenüber der Horizontalen geneigten, vorzugsweise um einen Winkel zwischen 10 und 20° geneigten, Verlauf der Förderfläche 5.The separating device is preferably provided in the region of the upper sieve 8 with an oscillating drive 13 in the form of an imbalance drive, comprising a motor 22, a shaft 23 and imbalances 24, which can cause the frame 7 to vibrate, whereby the applied to the conveying surface 5. Feed material 1 is conveyed over the conveying surface 5 and thereby partially falls through the openings 4 due to gravity. The promotion is supported by a relative to the horizontal inclined, preferably inclined by an angle between 10 and 20 °, course of the conveying surface. 5

Jener Teil des Aufgabegutes 1, der durch die Öffnungen 4 in den Siebunterteil 9 befördert wird, wird für die Zwecke der vorliegenden Erfindung als Feingut 2 bezeichnet, jener Teil, der im Sieboberteil 8 verbleibt, als Grobgut 3. Während das Grobgut 3 über einen am Sieboberteil 8 am Ende der Förderfläche 5 angeordneten Abgabestutzen 19 einer Weiterverarbeitung zugeführt wird, wird das Feingut 2 über einen unmittelbar an den Siebunterteil 9 anschließenden Sammeltrichter 21 ausgetragen, wobei Siebunterteil 9 und Sammeltrichter 21 auch einstückig ausgebildet sein können.That part of the feed material 1, which is conveyed through the openings 4 in the Siebunterteil 9 is referred to for the purposes of the present invention as fines 2, that part which remains in the Sieboberteil 8, as coarse material 3. While the coarse material 3 via a on Sieboberteil 8 at the end of the conveying surface 5 arranged dispensing nozzle 19 is fed to a further processing, the fines 2 is discharged via a subsequent directly to the Siebunterteil 9 collecting hopper 21, wherein Siebunterteil 9 and collecting hopper 21 may also be integrally formed.

Erfindungsgemäß ist es vorgesehen, dass eine Druckdifferenz entlang der Längsachsen 15 der Öffnungen 4 ausgebildet ist, wobei der Druck im Bereich des Siebunterteils 9 geringer als im Bereich des Sieboberteils 8 ist, um die Beförderung eines Teils des Aufgabegutes 1 durch die Öffnungen 4 zu unterstützen und damit die Trennschärfe gegenüber herkömmlichen gattungsgleichen Trennvorrichtungen zu verbessern.According to the invention, it is provided that a pressure difference along the longitudinal axes 15 of the openings 4 is formed, wherein the pressure in the region of the lower part 9 is lower than in the region of the Sieboberteils 8 to assist in the transport of a portion of the feed material 1 through the openings 4 and thus to improve the selectivity compared to conventional genus same separators.

Zur Herstellung der Druckdifferenz kommt im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel eine Absaugvorrichtung 10 zum Einsatz, die mit dem Siebunterteil 9 verbunden ist und die dazu geeignet ist, eine Druckdifferenz zwischen 100 und 250 Pa, vorzugsweise zwischen 150 und 200 Pa auszubilden und zwar gemessen zwischen der Förderfläche 5 und jener der Förderfläche 5 gegenüberliegenden Seite 12 des Trennelementes 6.To produce the pressure difference in the present embodiment, a suction device 10 is used, which is connected to the Siebunterteil 9 and the is suitable to form a pressure difference between 100 and 250 Pa, preferably between 150 and 200 Pa, measured between the conveying surface 5 and that of the conveying surface 5 opposite side 12 of the separating element. 6

Zwischen Absaugvorrichtung 10 und Siebunterteil 9 bzw. Sammeltrichter 21 ist es in einer besonders bevorzugten Variante der Erfindung vorgesehen, eine weitere Trennvorrichtung anzuordnen, beispielsweise einen Gaszyklon 11, über welchen das Feingut 2 abgeschieden und einer Entsorgung oder Weiterverarbeitung zugeführt werden kann. Es ist grundsätzlich auch denkbar, andere Trennvorrichtungen zwischenzuordnen, wie beispielsweise Filter. Der Einsatz einer weiteren Trennvorrichtung 11, neben dem Trennelement 6, in Kombination mit der erfindungsgemäßen Herstellung eines Unterdrucks führt zu herausragenden Ergebnissen, was die Trennschärfe betrifft, bei gleichzeitiger Verringerung der Anfälligkeit der Verstopfung der Öffnungen 4 bei feuchtem Aufgabegut.Between the suction device 10 and the lower part of the sieve 9 or collecting hopper 21, it is provided in a particularly preferred variant of the invention to arrange a further separating device, for example a gas cyclone 11, via which the fines 2 can be separated and fed to a disposal or further processing. In principle, it is also conceivable to interpose other separating devices, such as filters. The use of a further separating device 11, in addition to the separating element 6, in combination with the production according to the invention of a negative pressure leads to outstanding results in terms of selectivity, while reducing the susceptibility of the blockage of the openings 4 in wet feed.

Fig.1 und Fig.3 zeigen unterschiedliche mögliche Anordnungen von Gaszyklonen 11. Fig.1 and Figure 3 show different possible arrangements of gas cyclones 11.

Fig.4 und Fig.5 zeigen eine alternative erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung anhand einer Spannwellensiebmaschine. Sieboberteil 8 und Siebunterteil 9 bilden dabei ein erstes Schwingsystem aus. Ein Zusatzschwingsystem 14 ist. über elastische Elemente 27, beispielsweise Schubgummiblöcke, mit dem ersten Schwingsystem gekoppelt. Die Trennelemente 6a sind jeweils einerseits am ersten und andererseits am Zusatzschwingsystem 14 befestigt, so dass sich die Trennelemente 6a, die im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel an ihren seitlichen Endbereichen entlang des Rahmengestells 7 hochgezogen sind, so dass ein Trennelement 6a in Förderrichtung gesehen einen im wesentlichen U-förmigen Querschnitt besitzt, zusätzlich zur der durch den Schwingantrieb 13 verursachten oszillierenden Bewegung auch stauchen und dehnen. Eine solche Art von Siebmaschinen ist grundsätzlich bekannt. Figure 4 and Figure 5 show an alternative embodiment of the invention according to the invention with reference to a Spannwellensiebmaschine. Sieboberteil 8 and Siebunterteil 9 form a first oscillating system. An additional oscillating system 14 is. via elastic elements 27, for example, sliding rubber blocks, coupled to the first oscillating system. The separating elements 6a are fastened on the one hand to the first and on the other hand to the additional oscillating system 14, so that the separating elements 6a, which are pulled up along the frame frame 7 at their lateral end regions in the present embodiment, so that a separating element 6a seen in the conveying direction is a substantially U- has shaped cross-section, in addition to the oscillating motion caused by the oscillating drive 13 also compress and stretch. Such a type of screening machines is basically known.

BEZUGSZEICHENLISTELIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

  • 1. Aufgabegut1. Feed
  • 2. Feingut2. fine material
  • 3. Grobgut3. Grobgut
  • 4. Öffnungen4. openings
  • 5. Förderfläche5. conveying surface
  • 6. Trennelement6. separating element
  • 6a. Einzeltrennelement6a. Single separating element
  • 7. Rahmengestell7. Framework
  • 8. Sieboberteil8. Screen top
  • 9. Siebunterteil9. sieve bottom
  • 10. Absaugvorrichtung10. Suction device
  • 11. Gaszyklon11. Gas cyclone
  • 12. der Förderfläche 5 gegenüberliegende Seite des Trennelementes12. the conveying surface 5 opposite side of the separating element
  • 13. Schwingantrieb13. Oscillation drive
  • 14. Zusatzschwingsystem14. Additional vibration system
  • 15. Längsachse der Öffnungen15. Longitudinal axis of the openings
  • 17. Förderrichtung17. Transport direction
  • 18. Aufgabestutzen18. Feed nozzle
  • 19. Abgabestutzen19. dispensing nozzle
  • 20. Auflager20. supports
  • 21. Sammeltrichter21th collection funnel
  • 22. Motor22nd engine
  • 23. Welle23rd wave
  • 24. Unwucht24. Imbalance
  • 25. Federn25. springs
  • 26. elastische Elemente26. elastic elements

Claims (9)

  1. A method for separating polydisperse feed material (1) into at least one fine material (2) and at least one coarse material (3), in which feed material (1) is applied to a conveying surface (5) of at least one separating element (6), said conveying surface having openings (4), and the feed material (1) is conveyed in a conveying direction (17) on the conveying surface (5) during simultaneous movement of the same for the purpose of redistributing and loosening the feed material (1), wherein a portion of the feed material (1) is simultaneously conveyed through the openings (4) onto a side (12) of the at least one separating element (6) opposite the conveying surface (5), wherein individual separating elements (6a) forming the separating element (6) are compressed and expanded in an alternating fashion, and wherein the fine material (2) obtained in this way and the coarse material (3) remaining on the conveying surface (5) are each transported onwards separately from each other, characterized in that the conveying of a portion of the feed material (1) through the openings (4) is supported by generation of a pressure difference along the longitudinal axes (15) of the openings (4), wherein the pressure difference, which is respectively measured on the conveying surface (5) of the at least one separating element (6) and on the side (12) of the at least one separating element (6) opposite the conveying surface (5), is preferably between 100 Pa and 250 Pa, preferably between 150 Pa and 200 Pa.
  2. A method for separating feed material according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure difference is produced through suction of a mixture of air and fine material (2) from the region beneath the at least one separating element (6).
  3. A method for separating feed material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the movement of the conveying surface (5) for redistributing and loosening the applied feed material (1) at least temporarily comprises a directional component which is parallel to the longitudinal axes (15) of the openings (4).
  4. A method according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the individual separating elements (6a) are subjected at least in sections to an acceleration of between 250 m/s2 and 600 m/s2 as a result of the compression and expansion.
  5. A method for separating feed material according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fine material (2) is guided to a further separating apparatus, preferably a gas cyclone (11) or a filter.
  6. A separating apparatus for carrying out a method according to one of the claims 1 to 5, comprising a frame structure (7), and at least one separating element (6) which is arranged therein, which divides the frame structure (7) into an upper screen part (8) and a bottom screen part (9), and the at least one separating element (6) comprises a conveying surface (5) which is provided with openings (4) that connect the upper screen part (8) to the bottom screen part (9), wherein an oscillating drive (13) is provided on the frame structure (7) with which the frame structure (7) can be made to oscillate, and wherein an additional oscillating system (14) is provided which is fastened to the frame structure (7), and the at least one separating element (6) is fastened to the frame structure (7) on the one hand and to the additional oscillating system (14) on the other hand in order to expand and compress the at least one separating element (6), characterized in that a lower pressure prevails in the bottom screen part (9) than in the upper screen part (8), and a pressure difference between 100 Pa and 250 Pa, preferably between 150 Pa and 200 Pa, is formed between the upper screen part (8) and the bottom screen part (9), which pressure difference is respectively measured on the conveying surface (5) of the at least one separating element (6) and on the side (12) of the at least one separating element (6) opposite the conveying surface (5).
  7. A separating apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the bottom screen part (9) is connected to a suction apparatus (10).
  8. A separating apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that a further separating apparatus, preferably a gas cyclone (11), is arranged between the suction apparatus (10) and the bottom screen part (9).
  9. A separating apparatus according to one of the claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the conveying surface (5), in the operating state of the apparatus, extends in an inclined manner in relation to the horizontal, preferably at an angle of 10° to 20° in relation to the horizontal.
EP13763032.3A 2012-10-02 2013-09-12 Apparatus and method for classifying polydisperse materials Active EP2903755B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT3902012 2012-10-02
PCT/EP2013/068923 WO2014053295A1 (en) 2012-10-02 2013-09-12 Device and method for sizing polydisperse feedstock

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EP2903755A1 EP2903755A1 (en) 2015-08-12
EP2903755B1 true EP2903755B1 (en) 2016-07-20

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