EP2997328A2 - Vorrichtung zur nivellierung von schüttungen und baustoffen - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zur nivellierung von schüttungen und baustoffenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2997328A2 EP2997328A2 EP14738351.7A EP14738351A EP2997328A2 EP 2997328 A2 EP2997328 A2 EP 2997328A2 EP 14738351 A EP14738351 A EP 14738351A EP 2997328 A2 EP2997328 A2 EP 2997328A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- height
- stem
- actuator
- abziehleiste
- reference plane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 210000001624 hip Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F21/00—Implements for finishing work on buildings
- E04F21/20—Implements for finishing work on buildings for laying flooring
- E04F21/24—Implements for finishing work on buildings for laying flooring of masses made in situ, e.g. smoothing tools
- E04F21/241—Elongated smoothing blades or plates, e.g. screed apparatus
- E04F21/244—Elongated smoothing blades or plates, e.g. screed apparatus with means to adjust the working angle of the leveling blade or plate
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
- E04G21/10—Devices for levelling, e.g. templates or boards
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for leveling of fillings and building materials.
- Such a device is often referred to as a leveling device and serves to smooth a surface in such a way that a flat, as exactly horizontal surface is formed. This is done in practice long, straight slats which are pulled over the floor. Therefore, these leveling devices are also referred to as pullers. In order to create an exactly horizontal surface by this removal, various devices and methods are used.
- Building materials in the form of beds are used, for example, for the thermal insulation of floors in house construction. Another application is the insulation of a swimming pool down.
- a well-insulating, lightweight material in the form of small pieces is often mixed with cement or other hardening material (binder) and applied or applied in the space or surface to be insulated. Dry fillings are also used (without cement or binder) for dry screed systems.
- Lightweight plastics such as foam or polystyrene are particularly suitable as insulating materials of the bed, but also organic or mineral insulating materials in particulate form are conceivable, such as e.g. Expanded glass or swelling stone body.
- the main field of application of the subject invention is the leveling of "Styroporbeton” or comparable developments such as Thermotec® of Thermotecmaschines GmbH.
- the invention can of course generally for the production of flat / horizontal surfaces of loose materials (insulation materials, sand, gravel. ..) or of viscous self-hardening suspensions (lightweight concrete, concrete screed ). So far, such activities are often done with simple rulers or
- DE 29922048 shows a device for level installation of dry fillings.
- a support is mounted on a bottom plate at the bottom of the room (preferably in the middle). This is vertically aligned manually manually.
- the tools used are a laser target plate for scanning the meter crack and a rotary laser, which is set to the meter crack.
- a ruler is manually height adjustable. The ruler is designed in two parts and can be manually adjusted in length during removal to reach all corners of the room. At the front end of the ruler is a bubble level to control the horizontal alignment of the ruler and correct it manually if necessary.
- the disadvantage is that before removing a support must be mounted in the room and the device must be aligned manually. What needs to be repeated in each room, or in a large room must be repeated several times, when the size of the room exceeds the reach (full length) of the ruler.
- Another disadvantage is that the device must be removed after completion of leveling again. As a result, the space at which the support was mounted remains free of bulk material and must be manually filled and smoothed.
- DE 10 2006 058 246 AI shows an improved in some aspects device for leveling bulk material.
- a support is also mounted in the room, preferably on the floor with tension to the ceiling, but also an assembly on the wall is considered, which indeed results in a restriction of the work area has, but no gap remains where the device otherwise am
- the support is manually aligned with the aid of measuring devices and adjusting devices.
- Attached to the post is a bipartite, torsion-resistant arm that can be swiveled around the device.
- a peeling sword is rotatably supported by a vertical downwardly extending stem.
- a height adjustment device is provided in order to keep constant during the removal of the height at which the withdrawal element is located. This is achieved by measuring the height and automatic height correction by an electrically operated spindle which adjusts the position of the stem relative to the arm.
- the object underlying the invention is to provide a device with which it is possible to produce a precisely horizontal surface in a simple manner after the application of a bed of light material.
- the leveling work should be able to be performed by a person with significantly less effort and physical exertion compared to known manual methods, without having to carry out complex and time-consuming assembly or surveying work.
- the peeling element consists of an elongated peel strip and a variable in its length stem is designed as a telescopic rod.
- This telescopic rod is preferably connected at its lower end via a hinge with the peel strip.
- This joint is adjusted via an actuator or more actuators in such a way that the Abziehmann is always exactly aligned horizontally.
- the necessary data is obtained from these actuators by suitable sensors which detect the spatial orientation of the wiper strip.
- a control loop is formed, in which the signal of the sensors serves as a manipulated variable for the actuators.
- the telescopic pole There is another sensor on the telescopic pole that is capable of detecting the altitude at which it is located.
- This sensor serves to control or regulate an actuator, which determines the length of the telescopic rod.
- the goal is to keep the honing strip at a constant height. So if the stem is held higher by the user, the height at which the sensor is located at the upper end of the telescopic rod changes.
- the information of the sensor is used to change the length of the telescopic rod by the actuator in the telescopic rod. So if the stem is held higher, the length of the telescopic pole is extended by the actuator to the same extent. As a result, the Abziehmann always remains at the same height.
- the subject leveling device offers several advantages over the prior art.
- a support element including carrying vest is additionally used for holding the Abziehelements.
- the support element may preferably be a parallel-static articulated arm.
- Such support elements in conjunction with a carrying vest are known in the art and are used in film cameras to allow a smooth camera guide.
- This device with camera with support arm and vest is also known as Steadycam.
- the structure of such a system is known for example from US 5360196 (A).
- the use of this support device in conjunction with a leveling device is new and offers the following advantages.
- sensors for inertial navigation can be used.
- IMU inertial measurement units
- three orthogonally arranged acceleration sensors also referred to as translation sensors
- three orthogonally arranged yaw rate sensors also referred to as gyroscopic sensors
- rotation rate sensors and optical gyroscope ring laser gyro or fiber optic gyroscope
- MEMS micro-electro-mechanical systems
- the senor on the stripper may consist of one or more electronic inclinometers, e.g. electronic spirit levels.
- electronic inclinometers e.g. electronic spirit levels.
- the same or similar inertial sensors as in the sensor at the top of the stem can be used.
- Inertialsensor in the Abziehelf, which serves to control / regulation of both actuators, ie for the actuator to change the angular position between stem and Abziehelf and for the actuator for changing the length of the stem.
- Absolute measurement values are available and relative to the vertical position setting. If absolute measurement data are to be recorded for the vertical position as well, then another measuring system must be used instead of the inertial sensor.
- Such measurement systems may be, for example, optical using one or more light sources such as light emitting diodes, laser diodes, lasers or rotary lasers, and one or more photosensitive sensors (e.g., photodiode, photodetector).
- light sources such as light emitting diodes, laser diodes, lasers or rotary lasers
- photosensitive sensors e.g., photodiode, photodetector
- run time measurements e.g., by ultrasound or light beam
- a transmitter / receiver arrangement at the top of the stem e.g. Measuring the time to the ceiling of a room by a transmitter / receiver arrangement at the top of the stem and detecting the deviation from the vertical of the stem by an arranged in this electronic spirit level.
- such an implementation works only in rooms with a horizontal, level ceiling.
- the light source is arranged on the handle or on the stripper and the sensor or sensors for detecting the spatial position of the light source are arranged in space.
- the light source can be arranged in the room and the light-sensitive sensor on the stem or the Abziehelf the Abziehelements be arranged.
- Fig. 1 Shows the preferred embodiment of the peeling element according to the invention.
- Fig. 2 shows the principle according to which the peeling takes place.
- Fig. 3 shows the preferred embodiment of the peeling element according to the invention with the use of a support device and representation of a possible sensor principle.
- Fig. 4 Shows the principle of the articulated connection between the stem and peel and the actuation of the actuators.
- FIG. 5 shows a second preferred variant of the stripping element according to the invention.
- the subject invention is characterized firstly by the fact that the spatial orientation of the peel strip 1 is detected. More specifically, it is sufficient that its horizontal orientation and the height h on which it is located with respect to a reference plane are detected by sensors. Second, by having one or more actuators 5, which serve to control and / or regulate the horizontal orientation and the height h of the puller strip 1.
- Fig. 2 shows the peel strip 1 in a first and a second position.
- the spatial position and orientation of the puller strip 1 can be detected in a reference / world coordinate system (x, y, z) and / or in a relative coordinate system ( ⁇ ' , ⁇ ' , ⁇ ' ) or (x '' , ' '). rz '' ).
- the xy plane of the world coordinate system is usually oriented horizontally and the z axis vertically.
- the xy plane can be real, eg. the floor or the ceiling of a room can be given by means (eg projection by a rotating laser 6.2.1) or purely virtual.
- the plane x ' -y ' is formed by the underside of the peel strip 1, that is, the surface which rests on the ground during leveling. During leveling, the plane x ' -y ' always aligns parallel to the xy plane.
- the xy plane also serves as the horizontal reference plane for controlling the height h of the pull bar 1. Therefore, it is sufficient to set a reference plane before leveling. Since this is usually aligned horizontally, It is sufficient to detect the inclination of the plane x ' -y ' and to control it so that it is zero, that is, the plane x ' -y ' is also horizontal.
- the height difference between this plane and the plane x ' -y ' is measured and kept constant by the control / regulation. If the height h is to be detected relatively, eg by an inertial sensor, then the xy plane can be specified virtually. This can be done by keeping the peel strip at the desired height and referencing the plane x ' -y ' so present as reference plane xy. During leveling, the height difference between the two levels is kept at zero.
- Fig. 1 shows a possible implementation of the peeling element is shown.
- the peel strip 1 and the stem 3 are connected to each other via a joint 2, which has at least 2 degrees of freedom.
- it may be formed as a ball joint or as two successively arranged at an angle of 90 ° to each other pivot joints.
- This makes it possible to change the horizontal orientation of the peel strip 1, regardless of the vertical orientation of the handle 3, or keep it constant horizontally.
- the stem 3 is made variable in its length.
- the stem 3 is designed as a telescopic tube, wherein the lower part of the stem 3 has a smaller diameter and in the upper part of the stem 3, which has a larger diameter, is added.
- a linear drive which moves the lower part of the stem 3 from the upper part of the stem 3 out or into it.
- the upper part of the stem must be kept.
- the support must oppose to the movement of the upper part of the stem 3 a force (counterforce) which is higher than the force which is applied to move the Abziehelf 1 together with the lower part of the stem 3 vertically to the leveling surface. Holding the upper part of the stem 3 may be done by one person, or preferably by one
- Fig. 3 shows the advantageous holding the Abziehelements on a support device.
- the support device consists of a support arm 8 and a harness 9.
- the harness serves to transmit the weight of the Abziehelements and the support arm 8 to the body of a person.
- the harness 9 may be attached in the form of a vest on the upper body, or in the hip or thigh area.
- the support arm 8 is formed in the example of FIG. 3 as a parallel-static articulated arm. In the middle vertically pivotable part of the articulated arm, a spring is mounted, whose bias corresponds to the weight of the Abziehelements. The spring force thus counteracts the weight.
- the pull-off element can be operated by the person to whom the carrying harness 9 is fastened, with the arms, without having to hold the pull-off element.
- the support arm 8 is connected to the harness 9 via a hinge with the harness 9.
- the axis of rotation of the joint is vertical, so that the Abziehelement can pivot relative to the person in the horizontal plane.
- Another hinge is located at the front end of the support arm 8, where the connecting element 7 engages in this.
- the axis of rotation is again vertically aligned, so that the Abziehelement is pivotable about this axis in the horizontal plane. If this hinge is close to the stem 3, or the stem 3 passes through the hinge through the Abziehelement can be quasi or exactly rotated about the vertical axis of the stem 3. The same is achieved if on the side of the connecting element 7, in which the stem 3 is received, a rotary joint with a vertical axis of rotation is present.
- the puller can also be carried by a robot.
- a support arm 8 is preferably mounted on a controllable mobile robot platform. Since the peeling element according to the invention including actuators and sensors can be made very easily, preferably below 5 kg, more preferably below 3 kg, a lighter, smaller robot can be used, which can be used in the interior of buildings.
- FIG. 3 shows a sensor principle in which a rotational laser 6.2.1 mounted in the room is used.
- the rotary laser 6.2.1 is preferably carried out horizontally self-leveling.
- the method steps for performing the leveling in this case are as follows:
- the peel bar can be kept to the desired height h and the height difference to the x-y level can be set as the reference value.
- an absolute value for the height difference can be specified.
- the height difference should be exactly 100cm.
- the Abziehmann 1 is held by the actuators 5 in the horizontal and by the actuator 4, the height difference of the Abziehmann 1 to the reference plane, which is spanned by the rotating laser, constant held.
- the actuators 5 are controlled or processed by processing the data / signals of the sensor or 6.1.
- the actuator 4 is controlled or processed by processing the data / signals of the sensor or 6.2.
- sensors 6.1 for example, two at an angle of 90 ° to each other arranged electronic spirit levels, or an inertial measuring unit can be used.
- an optical receiver is used, which is able to determine the height difference to the plane defined by the rotation laser 6.2.1 reference plane xy.
- Fig. 4 the principle is shown as the Abziehmann 1 is held in the horizontal when a joint 2 between Abziehmann 1 and 3 stem is present.
- the joint 2 is formed in this case by two hinges, each of these hinges is adjustable with a motor.
- the motor can be designed as a direct drive, servo or stepper motor. It is important that a highly dynamic drive is used to perform high-frequency, smallest correction movements.
- the signal of the sensors 6.1 is processed.
- these are electronic spirit levels.
- One of these spirit levels is arranged in the direction of the x-axis, the other in the direction of the y-axis (not shown, runs perpendicular to the paper plane).
- the motor which is arranged in the direction of the x-axis, detects a deviation from the horizontal
- the motor whose axis of rotation runs in the y-direction
- the spirit level which is arranged in the direction of the y-axis, detects a deviation from the horizontal
- the motor whose axis of rotation runs in the x-direction
- other sensors 6.1 can be used to detect these deviations.
- the sensor 6.2 for the height detection is mounted in this case in the pull bar 1.
- This may be an inertial sensor, or an optical or acoustic receiver of the in the Location is to determine its position relative to a reference system.
- the actuator 4 is controlled to keep the height h of the stripper 1 constant.
- the actuator 4 can be designed as a linear drive, linear motor, rack drive, toothed belt drive or the like. Important is in turn a high dynamics of the drive.
- Fig. 5 shows another concept of the subject invention.
- a support device support arm on a vest, a robot or on a mounted support
- the stem 3 is not connected via a hinge 2 with the peeling element 1, but fixedly attached at an angle of 90 ° to this.
- the connecting element 7 is articulated. In the example, this articulated connection is formed by a joint 7.1 and a joint 7.2.
- Analog to the joint 2 which could change the orientation of the puller strip 1 with respect to the horizontal or kept constant, can be changed by the joints 7.1 and 7.2, the orientation of the stem 3 with respect to the vertical or kept constant.
- the joints 7.1 and 7.2 can in turn be designed as a ball joint.
- the joints 7.1 and 7.2 are automatically adjustable by suitable actuators.
- a variant is shown in addition, in which the handle 3 is not designed as a telescopic rod.
- the actuator 4 is here part of the connecting element 7 and serves to the stem 3 relative to the connecting element 7 to move up and down. It is also conceivable that the actuator 4 engages the support arm 8. With respect to the height then the connecting element 7 is rigidly connected to the stem 3. The change in height of the peel strip 1 is then carried out by changing the position of the connecting element 7 relative to the support arm 8, by adjusting the height of the support arm 8 itself or by changing the height of the support arm 8 with respect to the harness 9.
- the sensor 6.1 is mounted in the example of FIG. 5 on the connecting element 7, while the sensor 6.2 is attached to the stem.
- the sensor 6.1 is in this case rod-shaped and protrudes from the end of the stem 3 vertically upwards. On its vertical lateral surface, photodetectors are arranged so that they detect incident light of the rotary laser 6.2.1 from all directions and over the entire length range of the rod.
- a simple sensor arrangement can be achieved if the rod is formed as a dimensionally stable optical waveguide which has a fluorescent layer and thus converts incident light into long-wave light and passes it on to its ends, wherein a photodetector is attached to one or both ends. If the rotating laser 6.2.1 is mounted above the head height of the person operating and also the staff projects beyond the person, it is achieved that the person does not inadvertently interrupt the beam path from the rotation laser 6.2.1 to the sensor 6.2 while the space is being traversed.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manipulator (AREA)
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATA50320/2013A AT514294B1 (de) | 2013-05-14 | 2013-05-14 | Vorrichtung zur Nivellierung von Schüttungen und Baustoffen |
PCT/AT2014/050116 WO2014183144A2 (de) | 2013-05-14 | 2014-05-13 | Vorrichtung zur nivellierung von schüttungen und baustoffen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2997328A2 true EP2997328A2 (de) | 2016-03-23 |
EP2997328B1 EP2997328B1 (de) | 2017-10-04 |
Family
ID=51176007
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14738351.7A Active EP2997328B1 (de) | 2013-05-14 | 2014-05-13 | Vorrichtung zur nivellierung von schüttungen und baustoffen |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2997328B1 (de) |
AT (1) | AT514294B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2014183144A2 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113338581A (zh) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-09-03 | 上海工程技术大学 | 一种抹墙机及抹墙方法 |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108286426B (zh) * | 2017-12-18 | 2023-10-27 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种水平斜孔测斜平台 |
DE102018120299A1 (de) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-02-27 | Alexej Artamonow | Vorrichtung zum Nivellieren von Gussmassen wie Fließestrich, Pumpbeton oder dergleichen sowie Messeinrichtung mit einer derartigen Vorrichtung |
CN109235896B (zh) * | 2018-09-19 | 2020-12-04 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | 一种发泡混凝土收面、找坡多功能工具及施工方法 |
CN110439238A (zh) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-12 | 广东博智林机器人有限公司 | 具有调平结构的物料铺设机器人 |
CN113882635B (zh) * | 2020-07-01 | 2022-09-16 | 广东博智林机器人有限公司 | 流质体铺设装置、地砖铺贴机器人、铺浆方法 |
CN112922297B (zh) * | 2021-01-25 | 2022-11-04 | 德州职业技术学院 | 一种地坪漆自移动涂刷设备 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5360196A (en) | 1992-09-15 | 1994-11-01 | Garrett W. Brown | Adjustable, iso-elastic support apparatus |
US7399139B2 (en) * | 1998-10-27 | 2008-07-15 | Somero Enterprises, Inc. | Apparatus and method for three-dimensional contouring |
DE29922048U1 (de) | 1999-12-15 | 2000-03-02 | Behr, Herbert, 08248 Klingenthal | Vorrichtung zum Einbau von Trockenschüttungen für Trocken- Estrich- Systeme |
EP1375751A1 (de) * | 2002-06-22 | 2004-01-02 | Wagner + Betontechnik AG | Einrichtung zur Herstellung einer planen Fläche aus schüttfähigem Baustoff |
US6758631B2 (en) * | 2002-10-09 | 2004-07-06 | Frankeny, Ii Albert D. | Portable screed guidance system |
WO2007116044A1 (de) * | 2006-04-10 | 2007-10-18 | Innenausbau Müller GmbH | Gerät und verfahren zum nivellieren von trockenschüttung |
DE102006058246A1 (de) | 2006-04-10 | 2007-10-18 | Innenausbau Müller GmbH | Gerät und Verfahren zum Nivellieren von Trockenschüttung |
US8322946B2 (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2012-12-04 | Lindley Joseph W | Automatically adjustable rolling screed |
-
2013
- 2013-05-14 AT ATA50320/2013A patent/AT514294B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2014
- 2014-05-13 EP EP14738351.7A patent/EP2997328B1/de active Active
- 2014-05-13 WO PCT/AT2014/050116 patent/WO2014183144A2/de active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2014183144A2 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113338581A (zh) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-09-03 | 上海工程技术大学 | 一种抹墙机及抹墙方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AT514294B1 (de) | 2015-08-15 |
WO2014183144A3 (de) | 2015-02-19 |
AT514294A1 (de) | 2014-11-15 |
WO2014183144A2 (de) | 2014-11-20 |
EP2997328B1 (de) | 2017-10-04 |
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