EP2711476A1 - Method for producing a system construction element for timber constructions - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves inserting multiple connecting elements (10) into connecting areas (2) of a round timber (1). The connecting areas after insertion of the connecting elements are enclosed by a clamp or sleeve (16). The round timber is cut at both ends extending transversely to a central plane passing through a longitudinal axis of the connecting areas. A recess for form-fitting connection at the ends of the round timber, is formed above the connecting areas of the connecting elements. The connecting elements are form-fitted into the recess of the round timber. Independent claims are included for the following: (1) a connecting element; and (2) a tool for making a recess in a connecting region of a wooden structure.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a system component for timber structures, in particular from a debarked and dried round timber in grown form, a connecting element for producing such a system component, and a tool for producing a recess in a connection region of a system component.

The construction of structures such as towers, e.g. for wind turbines, observation and observation platforms, halls and bridges, possibly other large structures, such as roller coasters or the like, from system components is advantageous because it is cheaper and more flexible compared to a custom or individual production of such structures. Such a component system includes as system components, for example, rod-shaped elements of one or less predetermined lengths and connecting elements of one or less predetermined shapes with which the rod-shaped elements can be connected. Both the rod-shaped elements and the connecting elements are produced in large numbers, i. provided inexpensively and in particular the simplest system consisting of rod-shaped elements of the same length and connecting elements of the same shape storage is simple and inexpensive. Nevertheless, a variety of different structures can be easily manufactured with this component system. In addition, structures made from system components can be rapidly disassembled and modified, and if necessary, the individual system components can be reused for other structures.

In currently known component systems, for example according to the DE 281686 the rod-shaped elements are straight wooden beams with regular square cross-section, which have connection areas at their ends. In the production of such known rod-shaped elements only straight pieces of wood are used, ie cut from logs with unusually straight growth or from thick logs, but in the second case incurred large amounts of wood waste.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method which is suitable for the production of generic system components with regard to the usable Logs is less restricted. It is also intended to provide a connection element for producing such a system component, and a tool for producing a recess in a connection region of a system component.

This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1, a connecting element according to claim 8 and a tool according to claim 10.

By the invention round timber can be used, which is curved or curved grown, so that one is less limited in the usable logs, less wood waste is produced, and fewer processing steps are required.

The system components produced according to the invention are completely equivalent in their technical functionality to straight system components. However, thinner and curved logs may be used so that more parts of a tree are suitable for making such system components and saving costs. The system components of the invention give the structures a natural appearance, which is advantageous for high stands, viewing platforms, pylons for wind turbines, etc., which fit well into the landscape.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.

According to the invention, the roundwood is cut perpendicularly to a (centrally) longitudinal axis extending centrally through both connection regions to form end-side connecting regions to other components provided with force-transmitting connection elements, that in each connection region a recess for the positive reception of one end over the Round wood protruding connecting element is made, and the connecting element is inserted into the recess and secured on / in round timber. The recess is preferably made approximately centrally in the connection area, but can also be provided on the circumference of the roundwood.

To prepare for the process according to the invention, a naturally grown Wood stem with varying geometric shape can be measured by an optical and / or mechanical method by machine to calculate the position of the longitudinal axis through the two connection areas.

This can for example be done so that the log is divided into a number of imaginary slices. In each slice, the centroid of the respective slice is determined, then a line is formed by connecting the determined centroids. This line is used to determine the longitudinal axis of the system component by statistical methods known to those skilled in the art, with the boundary condition that the absolute value of the stresses of the system component should be minimal.

Subsequently, the log can be stored in this longitudinal axis and further processed. Of course, the storage of the log does not necessarily take place along the longitudinal axis, although this is advantageous.

In order to produce a first preferred embodiment of the system component according to the invention, the roundwood is cut at both ends transversely to an axis running centrally through both connecting regions, which may be, for example, the mentioned longitudinal axis. Subsequently, in each connection region, an inner recess for positive reception of an end in the longitudinal axis on the round wood protruding connecting element is produced, after which then the connecting element inserted into the recess and on or can be secured in round wood.

For the internal recess, a slot lying in the axis, for example the longitudinal axis, is first cut diametrically into the end of the roundwood. Subsequently, preferably at least one groove open in the slot, but in particular on both sides of the slot, cut two to four parallel grooves in the wood.

It is preferably provided that the slot is cut by means of a chain saw.

Particularly preferably, it is provided in the invention that the grooves arranged on both sides of the slot are pushed by means of a broaching tool. Pushing broaching tools are mainly used for the production of recesses in metallic workpieces. However, it has surprisingly been found that arise when using such a broaching tool in the wood grooves whose dimensional stability and design is better than in conventional methods for woodworking, such as sawing, milling, drilling, etc.

The connection region can be enclosed after insertion of the connecting element by at least one clamp, sleeve or the like.

A suitable for the processing of the ends of the round timber processing machine has a loading unit on which the roundwood is lifted by crane gripper. There, the length of the stem is determined by means of a laser and a support clamping device is brought into the correct position. Now the round wood is transferred to the support clamping device and fixed by this.

After precise measurement of the round timber in its grown form, processing units are correctly positioned and the round timber cut to length. Subsequently, the slot is made at both ends. Each slot acts as a guide for the broach, by means of which now the grooves are made on both sides of the slot at both ends of the trunk. Subsequently, the connecting elements are inserted and fixed in the connection areas. At the end of this production process, the processing units return to their original position and the processed round wood can be ejected as a finished system component.

As a recess on the circumference of the round wood, two mutually opposite, parallel steps can be cut, after which at least one groove is then cut into the wood in each step. It is preferably provided that in each connection area, a cylindrical pin is worked out with respect to the longitudinal axis, which is provided on the periphery with circumferential grooves. Such, on the circumference grooved pin in the connection area can be milled, for example, rotating.

Protection is also desired for fasteners for producing a system component from a round timber in grown form. In a first embodiment, the connecting element has an end over the round timber projecting plate with at least one rib on one side. Depending on such a plate can be used and fixed for example in the two above-mentioned gradations on the circumference. A preferred embodiment for use in an inner recess, ie in the aforementioned diametrical slot with two-sided grooves, provides that two to four mutually parallel ribs are provided on each side of the plate. The plate can be inserted into the continuous slot from the side, with each rib engaging in a groove.

In a third embodiment, the connecting element for enclosing the cylindrical pin on two half-shells, which are clamped together. The half-shells can be provided for better power transmission with inner ribs which engage in the circumferential grooves.

In a further embodiment, the connecting element may comprise a combination in which the half-shells are used connected to the diametrical plate.

Protection is also desired for a tool for producing a recess in a connection region of a system component, wherein a support plate which has one to four mutually parallel toothed racks on each side is provided. The teeth of the toothed racks are increasing in height over the joint length of the tool.

Further advantages and details of the invention will become apparent from the figures and the associated description of the figures. Showing:

The FIG. 1 shows the connection area 2 of a round timber 1, wherein a longitudinal axis 3 is shown by dashed lines. Visible is a arranged in the connection area 2 recess 4 for the positive reception of a in FIG. 1 not shown connecting element 10th

The recess 4 has a, in this embodiment, in the longitudinal axis 3 lying slot 5, which is provided here with two grooves 6.

The FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a connecting element 10 with a plate 11, on which a contact part 15 and ribs 12 are formed. In the inserted into the round timber 1 state of the connecting element 10, the ribs 12 are in the grooves 6, the plate 11 is disposed in the slot 5 and the contact part 15 comes to lie frontally on the round timber 1, so that the projecting part 13 projects beyond the round timber 1 , This projecting part 13 is provided with a hole 14 which on the one hand serves to receive a bolt, a screw or the like for connection to a terminal portion of a second system component, a node element, etc., and on the other hand permits manipulation by a work implement or the like.

An inventive broach 20 for producing the recess 4 is in FIG. 3 shown.

The tool 20 has a support plate 21 which has toothed strips 22 on each side, wherein a tool with two parallel toothed racks 22 drawn with solid lines and a reaming tool is indicated by dashed lines with a third rack. The teeth 23 are made for woodworking. At one end, the support plate 20 is provided with a plurality of grooves 24 in order to achieve in this area a kind of toothing with a minimum height.

The FIG. 4 shows a side view to FIG. 3 ,

The FIG. 5 shows a detailed view of one of the toothed racks 22, wherein it can be seen that the individual teeth 23 are formed with different heights, resulting in the illustrated stages 25, and pass into the grooves 24.

FIG. 6 shows a round timber 1 with inserted connecting element 10, wherein additionally arranged on the round timber 1 cuffs or clamps 16 can be seen.

The FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of FIG. 6 ,

In FIG. 8 is a schematic oblique view of a processing unit 30, by means of which the broaching tool 20 can be guided through the slot 5 at the end of the round timber 1. Each processing unit 30 has a lower and an upper guide plate 32 on both sides of a receiving space 31 of the connection region 2 of the round timber 1 on. After the fixation and the lengthening of the round timber 1, the slot 5 located in the longitudinal axis 3 is produced at each end, which runs perpendicularly in each case. The guide plates 32 each have slots 33, 34 and 35, wherein the slots 33, the slots 5 in the longitudinal axis 3 of the round timber 1, the slots 34, the grooves 6 and the slots 35 the system parts 15 (FIGS. Fig. 2 ) correspond.

FIG. 9 shows a processing plant having two displaceable processing units 30. These are pushed after the placement of the round timber 1 on the ends, and finally the broaching tool 20 is pushed through the connection portion 2 of the round timber 1 down or pushed so that the grooves 6 arise. The slots 33 to 35 in the guide plates 32 of the exact guidance of the tool 20. The processing system can be arranged rotated by 90 °, ie that the guide plates 32 are aligned vertically and the thrust direction of the broaching tool 20 is horizontal.

The 10 to 12 show a second embodiment in which the recesses 4 are formed for the connecting elements 10 by a circumferential graduation of each end of the round timber 1, for example, by a cylindrical pin is worked out in the connection area 2, which is coaxial with the longitudinal axis 3 and has circumferential grooves 8. The connecting element 10 for this embodiment comprises two half-shells 41 with inner ribs 42, an end plate 43 serving as an abutment part and with longitudinal flanges 44 which are braced against each other. As FIGS. 10 and 12 In addition, the described internal connection elements can be used, which have the centrally protruding part 13 with the hole 14, but it may also be sufficient to use only the two half-shells 41 when the upstanding from the end plates 43 webs are made larger and the function of the part 13 ( Fig. 2 ) take.

The FIGS. 13 to 17 schematically show preferred application examples for the system components according to the invention. It puts Fig. 13 a tower for a wind turbine, Fig. 14 an observation tower or the like, Fig. 15 a bridge, Fig. 16 a supporting structure for a hall, and Fig. 17 a support structure for a section of a roller coaster.

Claims (10)

A method for producing a system component for timber structures, in particular from a barked and dried roundwood (1) in grown form, characterized in that the round timber (1) at both ends to form end, provided with force-transmitting connecting elements connecting areas (2) to other components is cut transversely to a longitudinal axis (3) extending centrally through both connection regions (2), that a recess (4) is produced in each connection region (2) for positive reception of a connecting element (10) protruding beyond the roundwood (1), and the connecting element (10) is inserted into the recess (4) and secured on / in the round timber (1). A method according to claim 1, characterized in that first in the longitudinal axis (3) lying slot (5) cut into the end of the round timber (1) and then cut at least one in the slot (5) open groove (6) in the wood becomes. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that on both sides of the slot (5) two to four parallel grooves (6) are cut. A method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the slot (5) is cut by means of a chain saw. A method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that each groove (6) by means of a broaching tool (20) is pushed. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the connection region (2) after insertion of the connecting element (10) by at least one clamp, sleeve, or the like (16) is enclosed. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that a circumferential recess on the circumference of the round timber (1) is produced, and at least one circumferential groove (8) is cut into the wood. Connecting element for producing a system component for timber structures from a round timber (1) in grown form, characterized by a flat plate (11) or half-shell (41) on which at least one side of at least one rib (12, 42) is provided. Connecting element according to claim 8, characterized in that two to four mutually parallel ribs (12) are provided on each side of a flat plate (11). Tool for producing a recess in a connection region of a system component for timber structures, in particular of a round timber (1) in grown form, characterized by a support plate (21) having on each side one to four parallel toothed racks (22).

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