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EP2663166B1 - Wireless switching of an energising circuit of a central apparatus such as a timer, remote-control switch or dimmer - Google Patents

Wireless switching of an energising circuit of a central apparatus such as a timer, remote-control switch or dimmer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2663166B1
EP2663166B1 EP13305587.1A EP13305587A EP2663166B1 EP 2663166 B1 EP2663166 B1 EP 2663166B1 EP 13305587 A EP13305587 A EP 13305587A EP 2663166 B1 EP2663166 B1 EP 2663166B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrical
switching means
excitation circuit
switch
control device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13305587.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2663166A1 (en
Inventor
Olivier Frommweiler
Vincent Woelffel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hager Controls SAS
Original Assignee
Hager Controls SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hager Controls SAS filed Critical Hager Controls SAS
Publication of EP2663166A1 publication Critical patent/EP2663166A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2663166B1 publication Critical patent/EP2663166B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/175—Controlling the light source by remote control
    • H05B47/185—Controlling the light source by remote control via power line carrier transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/175—Controlling the light source by remote control
    • H05B47/19—Controlling the light source by remote control via wireless transmission

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of equipment for electrical installation and relates to a particular control device, a particular electrical installation, and a use of such a device for such an installation.
  • an electrical excitation circuit comprising all the control devices, which can be push buttons, motion detectors as in EP 1 860 924 , remotes, and on the other hand, an operating circuit, including all electrical consumers ordered, which are often luminaires.
  • the excitation circuit generally controls a central unit which itself controls the state of the operating circuit: electricity flow or not, cyclic ratio of a dimmer.
  • this central unit then has for example a contact that should be closed to close the operating circuit and turn on the consumers. Closing the excitation circuit then impacts the state of this contact, for example through an electromagnetic actuator whose coil is in series in the excitation circuit.
  • the central unit is a timer
  • closing the excitation circuit will cause the contact to close for a predefined time, usually set by a potentiometer or rotary knob, but which may also, for example, be determined by the number of impulse on the push button, as in FR 2,428,909 .
  • the central unit can also be such that each closing of the excitation circuit switches the contact, as with a remote control switch.
  • the closing of the excitation circuit can also impact the state of a dimmer that includes the central apparatus and which is mounted in series in the operating circuit.
  • Each closure of the excitation circuit can therefore change the cyclic ratio of the dimmer during the entire duration of closure, and thus increase it to its maximum, then reduce it again. Releasing the push button then has the effect of memorizing the duty cycle that the long-duration support has conducted. A subsequent pulse of short duration will then have the effect of lighting the luminaires with the memorized duty cycle.
  • the document WO2009 / 027962 relates to a system comprising a switch which is mounted directly in a power circuit (operating circuit) in which there is a load such as an incandescent bulb and which is controlled by a controller from a signal without thread.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome a part and preferably all these drawbacks and aims in particular to facilitate the extension and the installation of an installation of the aforementioned type with two electric circuits, in particular by means of a simple control device. install.
  • the invention also relates to such a device for controlling such an installation according to the invention.
  • the invention also relates to a use of such a control device for forming such an electrical installation.
  • the invention therefore firstly relates to a control device 1, able to control a central unit 26 by closing an electric excitation circuit 20 comprising push buttons 21 in parallel of which said control device 1 can be wired, said central apparatus 26, type timer, dimmer or remote switch, controlling in turn an operating circuit 18 comprising electrical consumers 19.
  • push button means an electrical appliance, type switch, which, by default, is electrically open and on which it is necessary to act so that it is electrically closed.
  • the electrical consumers 19 of the electrical operating circuit 18 are generally luminaires, which must be started according to the bias of the electrical excitation circuit 20.
  • the closed or open state of the electrical excitation circuit 20 is converted by a central apparatus 26 into a state of the electrical operating circuit 18.
  • the central unit 26 forms a control means of the operating circuit 18, and is itself controlled by the excitation circuit 20. It is conventionally mounted in a central electrical panel.
  • closing the electrical excitation circuit 20, by pressing one of the pushbuttons 21, has the effect of electrically closing, for a predefined period, the electrical operating circuit 18 and therefore to put on the lights.
  • the luminaires then turn off themselves after this predefined lighting period.
  • a compatible central apparatus 26 is then a conventional timer.
  • the central unit 26 is a remote control.
  • each closing of the excitation circuit 20 has the effect of changing the closed or open state of the operating electrical circuit 18. If the operating circuit 18 is on and the luminaires are running, the pressing a push button 21 will cause extinction. Conversely, pressing a push button 21 causes ignition.
  • the central apparatus 26 is a dimmer.
  • the duty cycle changes as long as the push button is kept closed. The luminaires thus light up more and more powerful, then less and less. When the pushbutton is released, the luminaires stay on with the final duty cycle. At the next start-up, the last duty cycle will be used again to switch on the luminaires and possibly start the duty cycle again in the event of a long press.
  • control device 1 is, for example, able to control the open or closed state of an electrical contact mounted in a timer or remote control, or able to modify the cyclic ratio of a dimmer.
  • the electrical excitation circuit 20 generally comprises a battery of push buttons 21, as shown by the figures 9 or 10 , mounted between the central unit 26 and either the phase 29 or the neutral 30, depending on the type of mounting. Since these pushbuttons 21 are connected in parallel, they allow each of them to close the electrical excitation circuit 20 and thus, via the central apparatus 26, to modify the state of the electrical operating circuit 18. in operation, extinction or dimming of the power of luminaires in particular.
  • control device 1 is intended to be electrically mounted as the push buttons 21 of the electrical excitation circuit 20, and performs essentially the same function, namely to temporarily close said electrical excitation circuit 20 .
  • control device 1 comprises an electric switching means 3 for closing the electrical excitation circuit 20, equipped with a wireless signal receiver 4 to be wirelessly controllable, and having electrical poles 6 for its power supply and for mounting it in the electric excitation circuit 20 in parallel push buttons 21.
  • the switching means 3 can therefore be controlled wirelessly, thanks to the receiver 4.
  • This receiver 4 can therefore receive information by radio signal, but possibly also be able to transmit such a radio signal.
  • the receiver 4 is also able to wirelessly transmit a signal, and thus forms a transmitter-receiver component, the latter can therefore form a wireless communication means, able to receive as to emit a wireless signal.
  • control device 1 comprises, in the switching module 3, a controlled electrical switch 5 and a processing unit 7, for example a microprocessor, and its operation therefore requires a power supply. .
  • the switching means 3 thus derives the electrical energy necessary for its operation directly from the electric excitation circuit 20, thanks to its electric poles 6 connected to it.
  • the electrical excitation circuit 20 consisting essentially of two conductors between which are connected the push buttons 21, one of the conductors corresponding to a line connected to the central unit 26 and the other conductor corresponding to the phase 29 or the neutral 30, just connect an electrical pole 6 to each of these two conductors.
  • the on state or not of the control device 1, depending on the open or closed state of the switching means 3, therefore impacts the open or closed state of the electrical excitation circuit 20 and therefore, via the central apparatus 26, the state of the electrical operating circuit 18.
  • the switching means 3 can therefore electrically connect its two electric poles 6 and close the electrical excitation circuit 20. Its on or off state can therefore be controlled via a wireless communication.
  • a pushbutton 21 may be mounted in the excitation circuit 20 so that the latter supplies it with electricity, in particular if the pushbutton 21 has a light source.
  • the excitation circuit 20 is electrically closed, it remains considered open for the central unit 26, since the latter is only solicited if a minimum current flows in the circuit d
  • the current flowing in the excitation circuit 20 to power a light push button 21 is far too small for it to be considered that said circuit is effectively closed.
  • a current greater than a threshold must circulate there. If the excitation circuit 20 is crossed by a current below this threshold, it remains considered open.
  • the circuit excitation 20 is considered closed only if it is actually crossed by a sufficiently high current to trigger the central unit 26.
  • the central unit 26 may in fact comprise an electromagnetic actuator comprising a coil, which will be put into operation. movement only if the current is above a threshold.
  • the switching means 3 comprises, on the one hand, for closing the electrical excitation circuit 20, a controlled electrical switch 5, such as a relay or at least one semiconductor, and, on the other hand, a processing unit 7 able to communicate with the receiver 4 and to control the electrical switch 5 on the basis of a closing command received by said receiver 4.
  • the state of the electrical switch 5 is controlled by the processing unit 7, itself receiving wireless orders through the Receiver 4.
  • the control device 1 therefore allows the same function as a conventional push button, the electrical switching function being remote and connected wirelessly to the actuating function.
  • the processing unit 7 and the receiver 4 can of course be made in the form of a single component integrating the reception and processing functions or at least two connected components.
  • the switching means 3 is intended to be installed by requipage on an existing pushbutton 21, mounted in the same housing 22.
  • the switching means 3 is in the form of a module sized to be accommodated, in a housing 22 for surface or recessed mounting of an electric switchgear type apparatus 23, between said apparatus 23 and said housing 22, preferably in the bottom of the housing 22, the switching means 3 and the apparatus 23 being able to be transplanted one on the other, especially at the level of the electric poles 6.
  • the switching means 3 wirelessly controllable, directly by passing over one of the push buttons 21 existing in the electrical excitation circuit. It is sufficient to electrically connect its electrical poles 6 to the terminals of the apparatus 23.
  • the housing 22 of the apparatus 23 is thus reused, and the switching means 3 is placed in said housing 22, connected in the electrical excitation circuit 20 in parallel with the other pushbuttons 21 through a transplant on the apparatus 23 of one of them.
  • the apparatus 23 of a push button 21 conventionally comprises terminals for a possible subculture, the switching means 3 can be directly connected to these terminals.
  • the switching means 3 can also be mounted in a junction box, in which other cables are circulated.
  • the switching means 3 is in the form of electrical equipment to be fixed directly to a housing 22 for a surface or recessed mounting.
  • the switching means 3 is directly in the form of an apparatus intended to be mounted in a housing 22 of projecting or recessed installation, and therefore has in particular fixing elements, claws type, screwing or other to cooperate with such a housing 22. It is then possible to install the control device 1 not by transplanting an existing push button 21 of the electrical excitation circuit 20, but directly as a substitute for a push button 21
  • the switching means 3 are thus mounted in the housing 22, and, as will be mentioned below, a control means 2 can be placed at a distance to send commands to the switching means 3. .
  • This electrical equipment can also incorporate a conventional switching function of a push button, operated locally, at the switching means 3 itself.
  • the means of switching 3 further comprises an external operating lever 24 acting on the electrical switch 5.
  • control device 1 comprises an electrical switch 5, closing, according to its position, the excitation circuit 20, and can be controlled, on the one hand, by the lever 24, or remotely, from a remote control means 2, which will be further described below, and which can send a closing command to the switching means 3 via the receiver 4.
  • Such equipment may have a one-piece structure, thus integrating the switching means 3 and the lever 24 also acting on the electrical switch 5, in particular via the processing unit 7.
  • This monobloc structure then has means for fixing to a box for surface or recessed mounting.
  • such an apparatus may consist essentially of two modules cooperating with each other, namely, on the one hand, a power module, comprising inter alia the electrical switch 5, the terminals for the poles 6 and fixing means to the mounting box, and, secondly, mounted, preferably by plugging, on the power module, an application module, comprising in particular the lever 24 and the processing unit 7 and the receiver 4. Control information flows between the two modules. It is thus possible to use different application modules, comprising for example a plurality of joysticks 24, a capacitive touch zone, or other control functions or even display, and keep the same power module.
  • the switching means 3 is in the form of a module mounted in a closed shell intended to be placed projecting on a wall, outside the electrical panel, and then wired to a central unit. 26 which is there, using two conductors leading to the hull.
  • a module can be fully closed and only connection cables to the board can be get out. Then simply fix this module to the wall and wire it to the electrical panel. It may possibly be partially removable to access cable connection terminals.
  • the switching means 3 takes the form of a modular device for mounting in an electrical panel, and preferably thus has a standard rail fastening, and has a width compatible with other devices of the same type.
  • the switching means 3 may thus be in an autonomous modular apparatus, distinct from the central apparatus 26 and intended for mounting in the vicinity of the latter, preferably adjacent to it.
  • the switching means 3 draws electrical energy from the electrical excitation circuit 20 from the electric poles 6 and through a first power supply 9 that it comprises, connected to said poles 6 and generating a DC voltage adapted to the processing unit 7 or also to the receiver 4.
  • This first power supply 9 is connected in parallel with the electrical switch 5, and therefore provides a supply as long as it is open, thanks to the existing potential difference between the poles 6, possibly downstream of a depolarizer 14.
  • This first power supply 9 is therefore used in particular to power the processing unit 7 and the receiver 4, and therefore produces, from the potential difference between the poles 6, and therefore in the electrical excitation circuit 20, a DC voltage adapted to said milking unit 7 or even to said receiver 4, preferably about 3 volts.
  • the first power supply 9 is such that the current it circulates in the excitation circuit 20 is not sufficient for the central unit 26 to consider that it is closed. In this case, a current of milliampere order is preferred. In the opposite case, the presence of the first power supply 9 could be considered as the closing of one of the push buttons 21 of the excitation circuit, and thus cause the start of the operating circuit 18 through the central unit 26.
  • the first power supply 9 can be in the form of a one-piece element, to be connected in parallel with the electrical switch 5 and producing the required electrical energy, or can be achieved by mounting electrical components.
  • the figures 6 and 7 show possible montages.
  • the first power supply 9 comprises, connected in series, a diode non-return 25, a power reserve 11, such as a capacitor or capacitor, a DC converter 12 and a filter 13, in particular also a voltage converter 10 mounted upstream.
  • the non-return diode 25 prevents the energy reserve 11 from emptying through the electrical switch 5 when it is closed. It therefore contributes to ensuring that during short closings of the electrical switch 5, the first power supply 9 remains capable of supplying the processing unit 7 and the receiver 4, thanks to the energy reserve 11.
  • the switching means 3 is electrically mounted in parallel with the other push buttons 21 in the excitation circuit 20, the latter supplying it with the energy required for the processing unit 7 and the receiver 4.
  • the control device 1 When one of the push buttons 21 of the excitation circuit 20 is closed, it runs thus the control device 1, which is then no longer electrically powered.
  • This temporary power failure can be compensated by the energy reserve 11 if its own capacity allows it, but, after the latter has completely emptied for the proper functioning of the switching means 3, it may, on the one hand , to completely deny the receiver 4 and the treatment unit 7 of electricity, with a problem of resetting said unit at restart, and, secondly, to leave the control device 1 inoperative for a certain time after the return of the current once the push button 21 released, including the time to recharge the energy reserve 11 and restart the treatment unit 7.
  • This fallback mode preferably consists, on the one hand, in placing the processing unit 7, in the form of a microprocessor, in a mode in which its consumption is reduced, for example by reducing its frequency of calculation, and on the other hand, to cut the reception function of the receiver 4 so as to place it in a standby or standby mode.
  • the switching means 3 further comprises means for detecting a possible absence of voltage between the electric poles 6, directly connected to said electrical poles 6, downstream of the depolarizer 14 or to the terminals of the electrical switch 5, able to place the processing unit 7, or even the receiver 4, in a power saving mode as soon as a lack of voltage is detected between the electric poles 6, in particular when pressing one of the push buttons 21.
  • This means of detecting a possible short circuit thus acts on the processing unit 7, or even on the receiver 4.
  • the closing of the electrical switch 5 is not interpreted as a short circuit by the short circuit detection means. This can be done by ensuring that said short circuit detection means takes into account the opening or closing instruction of the electrical switch 5 or taking into account the duration of the short circuit.
  • the central unit 26 When the central unit 26 is a dimmer, its duty cycle is changed as the electrical excitation circuit 20 is closed.
  • the cyclic ratio of the dimmer thus changes as long as the electric excitation circuit 20 is closed: if the user maintains a push button 21 in a closed state, the duty cycle gradually increases and then gradually decreases and so on, until the opening of the electrical excitation circuit 20.
  • the electrical switch 5 forming, in its closed state, a bypass of the first power supply 9, the latter will no longer be capable of supplying the energy necessary for the operation of the switching means 3, in particular of the processing unit 7 and or the receiver 4, and the control device 1 will not be functional since a priori unable to receive instructions and treat them.
  • the switching means 3 draws electrical energy from the electrical excitation circuit 20 from the electrical poles 6 and through a second power supply 15 which it comprises, placed downstream of the electrical switch 5 and generating power. electricity adapted to the processing unit 7 when said switch 5 is closed.
  • the second power supply 15 is connected downstream of the electrical switch 5, it is only when it is closed that it will supply energy, and it thus acts well in a manner complementary to the first power supply 9.
  • a power reserve 11 of greater capacity could however be difficult to compatible with uses requiring a small footprint.
  • the second power supply 15 comprises, downstream of the electrical switch 5, a potential booster 16, such as a Zener diode, and in particular also a voltage step-down 17.
  • the potential booster 16, coupled to the voltage step down 17 supply power to the processing unit 7 and the receiver 4.
  • the processing unit 7 takes the form of a microprocessor controlling the state of the electric switch 5 on the basis of the signal received by the receiver 4, the switching means 3 further comprising means of settings 8, by means of which the switching means 3 can be parameterized.
  • the presence of adjustment means 8, illustrated in particular to the figure 4 and the realization of the processing unit 7 in microprocessor form are of course independent.
  • the switching means 3 further comprises a depolarizer 14, rectifying the alternating voltage existing between the two electric poles 6, mounted upstream or downstream of the electrical switch 5, preferably a depolarizer 14 mounted upstream. the first power supply 9 and the second power supply 15, or even upstream of the electrical switch 5.
  • depolarizer 14 converts the sinusoidal voltage between two poles 6 into a voltage that does not change sign, and therefore mono alternation, which avoids any polarity reference to the pole 6 of the switching means 3 to which the conductors must be connected.
  • the characteristics of the current that the electrical switch 5 must switch impacting its own design, the placement of the depolarizer 14, either upstream or downstream of said switch conditions the type of component to be used.
  • the assembly of the figure 2 shows a depolarizer 14 mounted downstream of the electrical switch 5.
  • control device 1 further comprises at least one control means 2 for wirelessly transmitting an instruction to the switching means 3, for example a remote control, a transmitter electrical equipment, such as a push button or a presence detector.
  • the order issued by the control means 2 is therefore sent to the receiver 4, then will be transmitted to the processing unit 7, which can then control the state of the electrical switch 5, which, through the central unit 26, condition the state of the electrical operating circuit 18.
  • the means Control 2 can for example essentially consist of a controller and a wireless transmitter, sending a signal to each manipulation of the controller.
  • the figures 9 and 10 each illustrate an installation according to the invention, respectively with a mounting commonly known as “three son” or an assembly commonly called “four son".
  • the central apparatus 26, to be sensitive to the closed or open state of the electrical excitation circuit 20, comprises for example an electromagnetic actuator, provided with an electric coil connected in series in the electrical excitation circuit 20, said coil being capable, as soon as it is traversed by a current, to modify the state of the electrical operating circuit 18, that is to say by closing a contact for an on / off operation in a function timer, by switching a contact for a remote control function, or by changing the duty cycle for a dimmer function.
  • the central unit 26 can of course have an electronic operation, sensitive to the current flowing in the electric excitation circuit 20.
  • the electrical excitation circuit 20 thus comprises a set of push-buttons 21.
  • a first of their terminals is connected to the central apparatus 26, generally to the coil, another terminal being connected to the phase 29, distributed by a circuit-breaker 28. as at figure 10 , or at neutral 30, as at figure 9 .
  • the electrical operating circuit 18 is, in turn, connected, on the one hand, to another terminal of the central apparatus 26 and the neutral 30, the central unit 26 being of course connected to the phase line 29 and at the neutral line 30 of the circuit breaker 28.
  • this installation 27 further comprises at least one control device 1 as described above, the switching means 3 of which is electrically mounted in parallel with the push buttons 21 so as to draw from the electric circuit. excitation 20 the electrical energy necessary for its operation.
  • the control device 1 is electrically mounted in the installation 27 like the other push buttons 21, in parallel, in the electric excitation circuit 20.
  • the control device 1 according to the invention differs from the other pushbuttons 21 in that the electrical switching and the control of said switching are two functions geographically distant from each other, and therefore placed in different places, able to communicate wirelessly, thanks to a transmitter that includes the control means 2 and a receiver 4 that includes switching means 3, the latter being physically installed near the existing wired conductors.
  • the switching means 3 is thus wired in the electrical excitation circuit 20 like the other push buttons 21, and its poles 6 are therefore, for one, connected to the central apparatus 26, and for the other, in neutral 30, as in the figure 9 , or in phase 29, as in the figure 10 .
  • the switching means 3 of the at least one control device 1 is electrically mounted in transplanting a push button 21. This subculture is such that it is not necessary to carry out a wiring very long between the switching means 3 and the push button 21 to which it is transplanted.
  • control device 1 as described above to achieve an electrical installation as described above.
  • control device 1 is particularly versatile, since it can be used in any electrical installation, at the level of the excitation circuit 20, to the extent that the latter can provide him with a minimum of electrical energy to operate.
  • the control device 1 described above can therefore be used independently of the technology used for the central unit 26, whether electronic or electrotechnical, which avoids any compatibility problem. It suffices for the central apparatus 26 to be sensitive to the complete closing of the excitation circuit 20 and to the circulation of a sufficient current in this circuit, following this closure.
  • Another advantage is that it is quite possible to place, at different locations of an existing installation, a plurality of control devices 1 as described, which will each have the same operation. Thus, for example, it is quite possible to place such a control device 1 in the basement of a building, while another will be placed in one of the upper floors. This therefore makes it possible to position each RF reception means close to the desired location for the maneuver, and not to be hindered by any disturbances in the transmission of the wireless signal from a transmitter too far away.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Description

La présente invention relève du domaine des équipements pour installation électrique et a pour objet un dispositif de commande particulier, une installation électrique particulière, ainsi qu'une utilisation d'un tel dispositif pour une telle installation.The present invention relates to the field of equipment for electrical installation and relates to a particular control device, a particular electrical installation, and a use of such a device for such an installation.

Dans certaines installations électriques, il est nécessaire de pouvoir commander simultanément plusieurs consommateurs à partir de l'un quelconque d'un ensemble de dispositifs de commande. Cela est particulièrement le cas pour des éclairages de cage d'escalier dans un immeuble, par exemple. Dans une telle installation, les consommateurs sont généralement des luminaires, branchés en parallèle, et les dispositifs de commande sont des boutons poussoirs, placés aux différents étages et reliés en parallèle. Une telle installation a donc deux circuits, à savoir, d'une part, un circuit électrique d'excitation, comprenant l'ensemble des dispositifs de commande, pouvant être des boutons poussoirs, des détecteurs de mouvements comme dans EP 1 860 924 , des télécommandes, et, d'autre part, un circuit d'exploitation, comprenant l'ensemble des consommateurs électriques commandés, qui sont souvent des luminaires.In some electrical installations, it is necessary to be able to simultaneously control several consumers from any one of a plurality of control devices. This is particularly the case for staircase lighting in a building, for example. In such an installation, the consumers are generally luminaires, connected in parallel, and the control devices are pushbuttons, placed at different levels and connected in parallel. Such an installation therefore has two circuits, namely, on the one hand, an electrical excitation circuit, comprising all the control devices, which can be push buttons, motion detectors as in EP 1 860 924 , remotes, and on the other hand, an operating circuit, including all electrical consumers ordered, which are often luminaires.

Le circuit d'excitation pilote généralement un appareil central contrôlant lui-même l'état du circuit d'exploitation : circulation ou non d'électricité, rapport cyclique d'un gradateur.The excitation circuit generally controls a central unit which itself controls the state of the operating circuit: electricity flow or not, cyclic ratio of a dimmer.

Dans un cas simple, cet appareil central comporte alors par exemple un contact qu'il convient de fermer pour fermer le circuit d'exploitation et mettre en marche les consommateurs. Fermer le circuit d'excitation impacte alors l'état de ce contact, par exemple à travers un actionneur électromagnétique dont la bobine est en série dans le circuit d'excitation.In a simple case, this central unit then has for example a contact that should be closed to close the operating circuit and turn on the consumers. Closing the excitation circuit then impacts the state of this contact, for example through an electromagnetic actuator whose coil is in series in the excitation circuit.

Si l'appareil central est une minuterie, la fermeture du circuit d'excitation entraînera la fermeture du contact pendant un temps prédéfini, généralement réglé par un potentiomètre ou bouton rotatif, mais qui peut aussi, par exemple, être déterminé par le nombre d'impulsion sur le bouton poussoir, comme dans FR 2 428 909 . L'appareil central peut aussi être tel que chaque fermeture du circuit d'excitation commute le contact, comme avec un télérupteur. La fermeture du circuit d'excitation peut aussi impacter l'état d'un gradateur que comprend l'appareil central et qui est monté en série dans le circuit d'exploitation. Chaque fermeture du circuit d'excitation peut donc modifier le rapport cyclique du gradateur pendant toute la durée de fermeture, et ainsi l'augmenter jusqu'à son maximum, puis le diminuer à nouveau. Relâcher le bouton poussoir a ensuite pour effet de mémoriser le rapport cyclique auquel a conduit l'appui de longue durée. Une impulsion ultérieure, de courte durée, aura ensuite pour effet d'allumer les luminaires avec le rapport cyclique mémorisé.If the central unit is a timer, closing the excitation circuit will cause the contact to close for a predefined time, usually set by a potentiometer or rotary knob, but which may also, for example, be determined by the number of impulse on the push button, as in FR 2,428,909 . The central unit can also be such that each closing of the excitation circuit switches the contact, as with a remote control switch. The closing of the excitation circuit can also impact the state of a dimmer that includes the central apparatus and which is mounted in series in the operating circuit. Each closure of the excitation circuit can therefore change the cyclic ratio of the dimmer during the entire duration of closure, and thus increase it to its maximum, then reduce it again. Releasing the push button then has the effect of memorizing the duty cycle that the long-duration support has conducted. A subsequent pulse of short duration will then have the effect of lighting the luminaires with the memorized duty cycle.

Il existe classiquement deux façons de réaliser le câblage d'une telle installation, à savoir un câblage dit « trois fils » ou un câblage dit « quatre fils », ce dernier étant souvent utilisé pour les installations avec télérupteur ou gradateur. Dans tous les cas, et en particulier dans un contexte de rénovation ou d'extension d'une telle installation électrique, il peut être souhaitable de rajouter un dispositif de commande dans le circuit d'excitation, par exemple un bouton poussoir supplémentaire pour une pièce nouvellement aménagée dans le bâtiment, ou un détecteur de présence pour automatiser le déclenchement à partir d'une nouvelle zone de passage extérieure au bâtiment.There are conventionally two ways of wiring such an installation, namely a so-called "three-wire" wiring or a so-called "four-wire" wiring, the latter often being used for installations with remote control or dimmer. In all cases, and in particular in a context of renovation or extension of such an electrical installation, it may be desirable to add a control device in the excitation circuit, for example an additional push button for a part newly built in the building, or a presence detector to automate the triggering from a new area of passage outside the building.

La réalisation d'une telle extension est très peu commode dans la pratique, car, que le câblage soit en trois ou quatre fils, il est nécessaire de tirer des câbles jusqu'à l'emplacement souhaité du nouveau dispositif de commande, ce qui doit être réalisé par des goulottes ou des saignées et amène donc à un aménagement peu esthétique ou lourd à réaliser.The realization of such an extension is very inconvenient in practice, because, whether the wiring is in three or four son, it is necessary to pull cables to the desired location of the new control device, which must be realized by chutes or bleeds and leads to an unattractive or heavy layout to achieve.

Le document WO2009/027962 a pour objet un système comprenant un interrupteur qui est monté directement dans un circuit de puissance (circuit d'exploitation) dans lequel se trouve une charge telle qu'une ampoule à incandescence et qui est commandé par un contrôleur à partir d'un signal sans fil.The document WO2009 / 027962 relates to a system comprising a switch which is mounted directly in a power circuit (operating circuit) in which there is a load such as an incandescent bulb and which is controlled by a controller from a signal without thread.

Toutefois, un tel système, qui est uniquement monté directement dans un circuit d'exploitation, n'est pas prévu, ni configuré, pour être monté dans une installation à deux circuits électriques du type susvisée.However, such a system, which is only mounted directly in an operating circuit, is not provided or configured to be mounted in a two-circuit installation of the aforementioned type.

La présente invention a pour but de pallier une partie et préférentiellement tous ces inconvénients et vise notamment à faciliter l'extension et la mise en place d'une installation du type susvisée à deux circuits électriques, en particulier grâce à un dispositif de commande simple à installer.The object of the present invention is to overcome a part and preferably all these drawbacks and aims in particular to facilitate the extension and the installation of an installation of the aforementioned type with two electric circuits, in particular by means of a simple control device. install.

A cet effet, l'invention a tout d'abord pour objet une installation électrique comprenant :

  • un circuit électrique d'exploitation comprenant des consommateurs électriques, tels que des luminaires,
  • un circuit électrique d'excitation, comprenant des boutons poussoir montés en parallèle ;
  • un appareil central, piloté par le circuit électrique d'excitation et pilotant le circuit électrique d'exploitation, du type minuterie, télérupteur, gradateur, et se caractérise en ce que :
    • elle comprend, en outre, au moins un dispositif de commande qui est apte à piloter l'appareil central en fermant le circuit électrique d'excitation, ce dernier comprenant des boutons poussoirs en parallèle desquels ledit dispositif de commande est câblé,
    • ledit appareil central, type minuterie, gradateur ou télérupteur, contrôlant à son tour le circuit d'exploitation comprenant des consommateurs électriques, en ce que
    • le dispositif de commande comprend un moyen de commutation électrique pour fermer le circuit électrique d'excitation, est muni d'un récepteur de signal sans fil pour être pilotable sans fil, et présente des pôles électriques pour son alimentation électrique et pour le monter dans le circuit électrique d'excitation en parallèle des boutons poussoir, en ce que
    • le moyen de commutation est monté électriquement en parallèle des boutons poussoir de sorte à puiser du circuit électrique d'excitation l'énergie électrique nécessaire à son fonctionnement, et en ce que
    • le moyen de commutation comprend, d'une part, pour fermer le circuit électrique d'excitation, un commutateur électrique piloté, tel qu'un relais ou au moins un semi-conducteur, et, d'autre part, une unité de traitement apte à communiquer avec le récepteur et à piloter le commutateur électrique sur la base d'un ordre de fermeture reçu par ledit récepteur, ledit moyen de commutation tirant de l'énergie électrique du circuit électrique d'excitation à partir des pôles électriques et à travers une première alimentation électrique qu'il comprend, connectée auxdits pôles et générant une tension continue adaptée à l'unité de traitement, cette première alimentation électrique servant en particulier à alimenter l'unité de traitement ainsi que le récepteur.
For this purpose, the invention firstly relates to an electrical installation comprising:
  • an electrical operating circuit comprising electrical consumers, such as luminaires,
  • an electrical excitation circuit comprising pushbuttons mounted in parallel;
  • a central apparatus, controlled by the electrical excitation circuit and controlling the electric operating circuit, of the timer type, remote control, dimmer, and is characterized in that:
    • it further comprises at least one control device which is able to control the central unit by closing the electric excitation circuit, the latter comprising push buttons in parallel of which said control device is wired,
    • said central apparatus, such as a timer, dimmer or remote switch, in turn controlling the operating circuit comprising electrical consumers, in that
    • the control device comprises an electrical switching means for closing the electrical excitation circuit, is provided with a wireless signal receiver to be controllable wirelessly, and has electrical poles for its power supply and for mounting it in the electrical excitation circuit in parallel push buttons, in that
    • the switching means is electrically connected in parallel push buttons so as to draw from the electrical excitation circuit the electrical energy necessary for its operation, and in that
    • the switching means comprises, on the one hand, for closing the electrical excitation circuit, a controlled electrical switch, such as a relay or at least one semiconductor, and, on the other hand, a suitable processing unit. communicating with the receiver and controlling the electrical switch on the basis of a closing command received by said receiver, said switching means pulling electrical energy from the electrical excitation circuit from the electrical poles and through a first power supply it comprises, connected to said poles and generating a DC voltage adapted to the processing unit, this first power supply serving in particular to supply the processing unit and the receiver.

L'invention a également pour objet un tel dispositif de commande d'une telle installation selon l'invention.The invention also relates to such a device for controlling such an installation according to the invention.

L'invention a aussi pour objet une utilisation d'un tel dispositif de commande pour former une telle installation électrique.The invention also relates to a use of such a control device for forming such an electrical installation.

L'invention sera mieux comprise, grâce à la description ci-après, qui se rapporte à des modes de réalisation préférés, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, et expliqués avec référence aux dessins schématiques annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 montre une représentation schématique d'un dispositif de commande;
  • les figures 2 et 3 montrent un même dispositif de commande, avec un dépolariseur monté en aval ou en amont du commutateur ;
  • la figure 4 schématise un dispositif de commande avec, entre autres, deux alimentations ;
  • dans la figure 5, la deuxième alimentation est développée ;
  • les figures 6 et 7 sont des réalisations possibles de la première alimentation ;
  • la figure 8 illustre un montage d'un dispositif de commande particulier ;
  • la figure 9 montre une installation selon l'invention, avec un dispositif de commande selon l'invention, monté en un schéma de câblage communément appelé « trois fils » ;
  • la figure 10 montre une installation selon l'invention, avec un dispositif de commande selon l'invention, monté en un schéma de câblage communément appelé « quatre fils ».
The invention will be better understood, thanks to the following description, which refers to preferred embodiments, given by way of non-limiting examples, and explained with reference to the appended diagrammatic drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a control device;
  • the figures 2 and 3 show the same control device, with a depolarizer mounted downstream or upstream of the switch;
  • the figure 4 schematizes a control device with, inter alia, two power supplies;
  • in the figure 5 the second diet is developed;
  • the figures 6 and 7 are possible realizations of the first diet;
  • the figure 8 illustrates a mounting of a particular control device;
  • the figure 9 shows an installation according to the invention, with a control device according to the invention, mounted in a wiring diagram commonly called "three son";
  • the figure 10 shows an installation according to the invention, with a control device according to the invention, mounted in a wiring diagram commonly called "four son".

L'invention a donc tout d'abord pour objet un dispositif de commande 1, apte à piloter un appareil central 26 en fermant un circuit électrique d'excitation 20 comprenant des boutons poussoirs 21 en parallèle desquels ledit dispositif de commande 1 peut être câblé, ledit appareil central 26, type minuterie, gradateur ou télérupteur, contrôlant à son tour un circuit d'exploitation 18 comprenant des consommateurs électriques 19. Par bouton poussoir, on entend un appareil électrique, type interrupteur, qui, par défaut, est électriquement ouvert et sur lequel il faut agir pour qu'il soit électriquement fermé.The invention therefore firstly relates to a control device 1, able to control a central unit 26 by closing an electric excitation circuit 20 comprising push buttons 21 in parallel of which said control device 1 can be wired, said central apparatus 26, type timer, dimmer or remote switch, controlling in turn an operating circuit 18 comprising electrical consumers 19. By push button means an electrical appliance, type switch, which, by default, is electrically open and on which it is necessary to act so that it is electrically closed.

Les consommateurs électriques 19 du circuit électrique d'exploitation 18 sont généralement des luminaires, qu'il convient de mettre en marche en fonction de la sollicitation du circuit électrique d'excitation 20. L'état fermé ou ouvert du circuit électrique d'excitation 20 est transformé par un appareil central 26 en un état du circuit électrique d'exploitation 18. L'appareil central 26 forme un moyen de commande du circuit d'exploitation 18, et est lui-même commandé par le circuit d'excitation 20. Il est classiquement monté dans un tableau électrique central.The electrical consumers 19 of the electrical operating circuit 18 are generally luminaires, which must be started according to the bias of the electrical excitation circuit 20. The closed or open state of the electrical excitation circuit 20 is converted by a central apparatus 26 into a state of the electrical operating circuit 18. The central unit 26 forms a control means of the operating circuit 18, and is itself controlled by the excitation circuit 20. It is conventionally mounted in a central electrical panel.

Dans une première application avec minuterie, fermer le circuit électrique d'excitation 20, en appuyant sur l'un des boutons poussoirs 21, a pour effet de fermer électriquement, pendant une durée prédéfinie, le circuit électrique d'exploitation 18 et donc de mettre en marche les luminaires. Les luminaires s'éteignent ensuite d'eux mêmes après cette durée d'éclairage prédéfinie. Un appareil central 26 compatible est alors une minuterie classique.In a first application with timer, closing the electrical excitation circuit 20, by pressing one of the pushbuttons 21, has the effect of electrically closing, for a predefined period, the electrical operating circuit 18 and therefore to put on the lights. The luminaires then turn off themselves after this predefined lighting period. A compatible central apparatus 26 is then a conventional timer.

Dans une deuxième application, l'appareil central 26 est un télérupteur. Dans ce cas, chaque fermeture du circuit d'excitation 20 a pour effet de changer l'état fermé ou ouvert du circuit électrique d'exploitation 18. Si le circuit d'exploitation 18 est passant et que les luminaires sont en marche, l'appui sur un bouton poussoir 21 en provoquera l'extinction. A l'inverse, l'appui sur un bouton poussoir 21 en provoque l'allumage.In a second application, the central unit 26 is a remote control. In this case, each closing of the excitation circuit 20 has the effect of changing the closed or open state of the operating electrical circuit 18. If the operating circuit 18 is on and the luminaires are running, the pressing a push button 21 will cause extinction. Conversely, pressing a push button 21 causes ignition.

Dans une troisième application, l'appareil central 26 est un gradateur. Dans ce cas, comme il a déjà été évoqué plus haut, le rapport cyclique change tant que le bouton poussoir est maintenu fermé. Les luminaires éclairent donc de façon de plus en plus puissante, puis de moins en moins. Lorsque le bouton poussoir est relâché, les luminaires restent allumés avec le rapport cyclique final. Lors de la mise en marche suivante, le dernier rapport cyclique sera réutilisé pour allumer les luminaires et commencer éventuellement à nouveau le cycle de variation du rapport cyclique en cas d'appui prolongé.In a third application, the central apparatus 26 is a dimmer. In this case, as already mentioned above, the duty cycle changes as long as the push button is kept closed. The luminaires thus light up more and more powerful, then less and less. When the pushbutton is released, the luminaires stay on with the final duty cycle. At the next start-up, the last duty cycle will be used again to switch on the luminaires and possibly start the duty cycle again in the event of a long press.

Comme il est monté dans le circuit électrique d'excitation 20, le dispositif de commande 1 est donc, par exemple, apte à contrôler l'état ouvert ou fermé d'un contact électrique monté dans une minuterie ou télérupteur, ou encore apte à modifier le rapport cyclique d'un gradateur.As it is mounted in the electrical excitation circuit 20, the control device 1 is, for example, able to control the open or closed state of an electrical contact mounted in a timer or remote control, or able to modify the cyclic ratio of a dimmer.

Le circuit électrique d'excitation 20 comprend généralement une batterie de boutons poussoirs 21, comme le montrent les figures 9 ou 10, montés entre l'appareil central 26 et, soit la phase 29, soit le neutre 30, suivant le type de montage. Comme ces boutons poussoirs 21 sont montés en parallèle, ils permettent chacun de fermer le circuit électrique d'excitation 20 et donc, par l'intermédiaire de l'appareil central 26, de modifier l'état du circuit électrique d'exploitation 18 : mise en marche, extinction ou gradation de la puissance de luminaires notamment.The electrical excitation circuit 20 generally comprises a battery of push buttons 21, as shown by the figures 9 or 10 , mounted between the central unit 26 and either the phase 29 or the neutral 30, depending on the type of mounting. Since these pushbuttons 21 are connected in parallel, they allow each of them to close the electrical excitation circuit 20 and thus, via the central apparatus 26, to modify the state of the electrical operating circuit 18. in operation, extinction or dimming of the power of luminaires in particular.

Comme il sera encore décrit plus loin, le dispositif de commande 1 est destiné à être monté électriquement comme les boutons poussoirs 21 du circuit électrique d'excitation 20, et remplit essentiellement la même fonction, à savoir fermer temporairement ledit circuit électrique d'excitation 20.As will be further described below, the control device 1 is intended to be electrically mounted as the push buttons 21 of the electrical excitation circuit 20, and performs essentially the same function, namely to temporarily close said electrical excitation circuit 20 .

Selon la figure 1, le dispositif de commande 1 comprend un moyen de commutation 3 électrique pour fermer le circuit électrique d'excitation 20,
muni d'un récepteur 4 de signal sans fil pour être pilotable sans fil, et
présentant des pôles électriques 6 pour son alimentation électrique et pour le monter dans le circuit électrique d'excitation 20 en parallèle des boutons poussoir 21.According to figure 1 the control device 1 comprises an electric switching means 3 for closing the electrical excitation circuit 20,
equipped with a wireless signal receiver 4 to be wirelessly controllable, and
having electrical poles 6 for its power supply and for mounting it in the electric excitation circuit 20 in parallel push buttons 21.

Le moyen de commutation 3 est donc pilotable sans fil, grâce au récepteur 4. Ce récepteur 4 peut donc recevoir une information par signal radio, mais éventuellement aussi être capable d'émettre un tel signal radio. Ainsi, éventuellement, dans la pratique, le récepteur 4 est aussi apte à émettre sans fil un signal, et forme ainsi un composant émetteur-récepteur, ce dernier pouvant donc former un moyen de communication sans fil, apte tant à recevoir qu'à émettre un signal sans fil.The switching means 3 can therefore be controlled wirelessly, thanks to the receiver 4. This receiver 4 can therefore receive information by radio signal, but possibly also be able to transmit such a radio signal. Thus, possibly, in practice, the receiver 4 is also able to wirelessly transmit a signal, and thus forms a transmitter-receiver component, the latter can therefore form a wireless communication means, able to receive as to emit a wireless signal.

Comme il sera encore décrit plus loin, le dispositif de commande 1 comprend, dans le module de commutation 3, un commutateur électrique 5 piloté, ainsi qu'une unité de traitement 7, par exemple un microprocesseur, et son fonctionnement nécessite donc une alimentation électrique. Le moyen de commutation 3 tire donc l'énergie électrique nécessaire à son fonctionnement directement du circuit électrique d'excitation 20, grâce à ses pôles électriques 6 qui y sont connectés.As will be described further below, the control device 1 comprises, in the switching module 3, a controlled electrical switch 5 and a processing unit 7, for example a microprocessor, and its operation therefore requires a power supply. . The switching means 3 thus derives the electrical energy necessary for its operation directly from the electric excitation circuit 20, thanks to its electric poles 6 connected to it.

Grâce à ces pôles électriques 6, il peut être branché de la même façon que les autres boutons poussoirs 21, et en parallèle à eux. Le circuit électrique d'excitation 20 consistant essentiellement en deux conducteurs entre lesquels sont liés les boutons poussoirs 21, l'un des conducteurs correspondant à une ligne relié à l'appareil central 26 et l'autre conducteur correspondant à la phase 29 ou au neutre 30, il suffit de relier un pôle électrique 6 à chacun de ces deux conducteurs. L'état passant ou non du dispositif de commande 1, dépendant de l'état ouvert ou fermé du moyen de commutation 3, impacte donc l'état ouvert ou fermé du circuit électrique d'excitation 20 et donc, par l'intermédiaire de l'appareil central 26, l'état du circuit électrique d'exploitation 18.Thanks to these electric poles 6, it can be connected in the same way as the other push buttons 21, and in parallel to them. The electrical excitation circuit 20 consisting essentially of two conductors between which are connected the push buttons 21, one of the conductors corresponding to a line connected to the central unit 26 and the other conductor corresponding to the phase 29 or the neutral 30, just connect an electrical pole 6 to each of these two conductors. The on state or not of the control device 1, depending on the open or closed state of the switching means 3, therefore impacts the open or closed state of the electrical excitation circuit 20 and therefore, via the central apparatus 26, the state of the electrical operating circuit 18.

Le moyen de commutation 3 peut donc relier électriquement ses deux pôles électriques 6 et fermer le circuit électrique d'excitation 20. Son état passant ou non passant peut donc être piloté par le biais d'une communication sans fil.The switching means 3 can therefore electrically connect its two electric poles 6 and close the electrical excitation circuit 20. Its on or off state can therefore be controlled via a wireless communication.

Il convient encore de remarquer que, dans certains montage, un bouton poussoir 21 peut être monté dans le circuit d'excitation 20 de sorte que ce dernier l'alimente électriquement, en particulier si le bouton poussoir 21 a une source lumineuse. Bien que, en toute rigueur, dans une telle situation, le circuit d'excitation 20 soit électriquement fermé, il reste considéré ouvert pour l'appareil central 26, puisque ce dernier n'est sollicité que si un courant minimum circule dans le circuit d'excitation 20. Le courant circulant dans le circuit d'excitation 20 pour alimenter un bouton poussoir 21 lumineux est bien trop faible pour qu'il puisse être considéré que ledit circuit est effectivement fermé. Pour solliciter l'appareil central 26 par une fermeture du circuit d'excitation 20, un courant supérieur à un seuil doit y circuler. Si le circuit d'excitation 20 est traversé par un courant inférieur à ce seuil, il reste considéré comme ouvert. Ici, le circuit d'excitation 20 n'est considéré fermé que s'il est effectivement traversé par un courant suffisamment élevé pour déclencher l'appareil central 26. L'appareil central 26 peut en effet comprendre un actionneur électromagnétique comprenant une bobine, lequel se sera mis en mouvement que si le courant est au-dessus d'un seuil.It should also be noted that, in some embodiments, a pushbutton 21 may be mounted in the excitation circuit 20 so that the latter supplies it with electricity, in particular if the pushbutton 21 has a light source. Although, strictly speaking, in such a situation, the excitation circuit 20 is electrically closed, it remains considered open for the central unit 26, since the latter is only solicited if a minimum current flows in the circuit d The current flowing in the excitation circuit 20 to power a light push button 21 is far too small for it to be considered that said circuit is effectively closed. To solicit the central unit 26 by a closing of the excitation circuit 20, a current greater than a threshold must circulate there. If the excitation circuit 20 is crossed by a current below this threshold, it remains considered open. Here, the circuit excitation 20 is considered closed only if it is actually crossed by a sufficiently high current to trigger the central unit 26. The central unit 26 may in fact comprise an electromagnetic actuator comprising a coil, which will be put into operation. movement only if the current is above a threshold.

Ainsi, le moyen de commutation 3 comprend, d'une part, pour fermer le circuit électrique d'excitation 20, un commutateur électrique 5 piloté, tel qu'un relais ou au moins un semi-conducteur, et, d'autre part, une unité de traitement 7 apte à communiquer avec le récepteur 4 et à piloter le commutateur électrique 5 sur la base d'un ordre de fermeture reçu par ledit récepteur 4. Le commutateur électrique 5, lorsqu'il est fermé, relie donc directement deux pôles électriques 6, fermant le circuit électrique d'excitation 20 au même titre qu'un des boutons poussoirs 21. L'état du commutateur électrique 5 est piloté par l'unité de traitement 7, elle-même recevant sans fil des ordres à travers le récepteur 4. Le dispositif de commande 1 permet donc la même fonction qu'un bouton poussoir classique, la fonction de commutation électrique étant déportée et reliée sans fil à la fonction d'actionnement.Thus, the switching means 3 comprises, on the one hand, for closing the electrical excitation circuit 20, a controlled electrical switch 5, such as a relay or at least one semiconductor, and, on the other hand, a processing unit 7 able to communicate with the receiver 4 and to control the electrical switch 5 on the basis of a closing command received by said receiver 4. The electrical switch 5, when closed, therefore directly connects two poles 6, closing the electrical excitation circuit 20 as one of the push buttons 21. The state of the electrical switch 5 is controlled by the processing unit 7, itself receiving wireless orders through the Receiver 4. The control device 1 therefore allows the same function as a conventional push button, the electrical switching function being remote and connected wirelessly to the actuating function.

L'unité de traitement 7 et le récepteur 4 peuvent bien entendu être réalisés sous la forme d'un seul composant intégrant les fonctions réception et traitement ou d'au moins deux composants reliés.The processing unit 7 and the receiver 4 can of course be made in the form of a single component integrating the reception and processing functions or at least two connected components.

Dans une première forme de réalisation, comme illustré par la figure 8, le moyen de commutation 3 est destiné à être installé par requipage sur un bouton poussoir 21 existant, monté dans le même boîtier 22. Ainsi, le moyen de commutation 3 est sous la forme d'un module dimensionné pour être accueilli, dans un boîtier 22 pour montage en saillie ou encastré d'un appareillage 23 électrique du type bouton poussoir, entre ledit appareillage 23 et ledit boîtier 22, préférentiellement dans le fond du boîtier 22, le moyen de commutation 3 et l'appareillage 23 pouvant être repiqué l'un sur l'autre, en particulier au niveau des pôles électriques 6.In a first embodiment, as illustrated by the figure 8 , the switching means 3 is intended to be installed by requipage on an existing pushbutton 21, mounted in the same housing 22. Thus, the switching means 3 is in the form of a module sized to be accommodated, in a housing 22 for surface or recessed mounting of an electric switchgear type apparatus 23, between said apparatus 23 and said housing 22, preferably in the bottom of the housing 22, the switching means 3 and the apparatus 23 being able to be transplanted one on the other, especially at the level of the electric poles 6.

Il est alors possible de monter le moyen de commutation 3, pilotable sans fil, directement par repiquage sur un des boutons poussoirs 21 existant dans le circuit électrique d'excitation. Il suffit de relier électriquement ses pôles électriques 6 aux bornes de l'appareillage 23. Afin de masquer autant que possible le dispositif de commande 1, le boîtier 22 de l'appareillage 23 est donc réutilisé, et le moyen de commutation 3 est placé dans ledit boîtier 22, branché dans le circuit électrique d'excitation 20 en parallèle des autres boutons poussoirs 21 grâce à un repiquage sur l'appareillage 23 de l'un d'eux. L'appareillage 23 d'un bouton poussoir 21 comprend classiquement des bornes pour un repiquage éventuel, le moyen de commutation 3 pourra donc être directement relié à ces bornes. Afin de pouvoir placer le moyen de commutation 3 en repiquage sur un appareillage 23 dont toutes les bornes de connexion et de repiquage sont déjà utilisées, il peut être pertinent de faire déboucher les pôles électriques 6 au niveau de plus d'une borne chacun, ce qui permettra de relier le moyen de commutation 3 directement aux conducteurs initialement connectés à un bouton poussoir 21, puis de relier ce dernier par repiquage à partir du moyen de commutation 3.It is then possible to mount the switching means 3, wirelessly controllable, directly by passing over one of the push buttons 21 existing in the electrical excitation circuit. It is sufficient to electrically connect its electrical poles 6 to the terminals of the apparatus 23. In order to mask the control device 1 as far as possible, the housing 22 of the apparatus 23 is thus reused, and the switching means 3 is placed in said housing 22, connected in the electrical excitation circuit 20 in parallel with the other pushbuttons 21 through a transplant on the apparatus 23 of one of them. The apparatus 23 of a push button 21 conventionally comprises terminals for a possible subculture, the switching means 3 can be directly connected to these terminals. In order to be able to place the switching means 3 in transiting on an apparatus 23, all of which connection and transfer terminals are already used, it may be relevant to open the electrical poles 6 at more than one terminal each; which will make it possible to connect the switching means 3 directly to the conductors initially connected to a push button 21, and then to connect the latter by subconnection from the switching means 3.

Ce branchement revient donc à placer dans le circuit électrique d'excitation 20, un nouveau moyen de contrôle, sous la forme du dispositif de commande 1, par repiquage direct sur un bouton poussoir 21 existant.This connection therefore amounts to placing in the electrical excitation circuit 20, a new control means, in the form of the control device 1, by directly passing on an existing push button 21.

Pour cette forme de réalisation, il est particulièrement avantageux, pour réduire l'encombrement, de réaliser le moyen de commutation 5 sous forme d'au moins un semi conducteur.For this embodiment, it is particularly advantageous, to reduce the bulk, to produce the switching means 5 in the form of at least one semiconductor.

Dans une telle forme de réalisation, le moyen de commutation 3 peut aussi être monté dans une boîte de dérivation, dans laquelle d'autres câbles sont amenés à circuler.In such an embodiment, the switching means 3 can also be mounted in a junction box, in which other cables are circulated.

Dans une deuxième forme de réalisation, le moyen de commutation 3 est sous la forme d'un appareillage électrique à fixer directement à un boîtier 22 pour un montage en saillie ou encastré. Ainsi, dans ces réalisations, le moyen de commutation 3 est directement sous la forme d'un appareillage destiné à être monté dans un boîtier 22 d'installation en saillie ou encastré, et présente donc notamment des éléments de fixation, du type griffes, vissage ou autre pour coopérer avec un tel boîtier 22. Il est alors possible d'installer le dispositif de commande 1 non pas par repiquage sur un bouton poussoir 21 existant du circuit électrique d'excitation 20, mais directement en substitution d'un bouton poussoir 21 initialement monté dans un boîtier 22. Le moyen de commutation 3 vient donc se monter dans le boîtier 22, et, comme il sera encore évoqué plus loin, un moyen de contrôle 2 peut être placé à distance pour envoyer des ordres au moyen de commutation 3.In a second embodiment, the switching means 3 is in the form of electrical equipment to be fixed directly to a housing 22 for a surface or recessed mounting. Thus, in these embodiments, the switching means 3 is directly in the form of an apparatus intended to be mounted in a housing 22 of projecting or recessed installation, and therefore has in particular fixing elements, claws type, screwing or other to cooperate with such a housing 22. It is then possible to install the control device 1 not by transplanting an existing push button 21 of the electrical excitation circuit 20, but directly as a substitute for a push button 21 The switching means 3 are thus mounted in the housing 22, and, as will be mentioned below, a control means 2 can be placed at a distance to send commands to the switching means 3. .

Cet appareillage électrique peut aussi intégrer une fonction de commutation classique d'un bouton poussoir, actionnée localement, au niveau du moyen de commutation 3 lui-même. Ainsi, le moyen de commutation 3 comprend, en outre, une manette 24 d'actionnement extérieur, agissant sur le commutateur électrique 5.This electrical equipment can also incorporate a conventional switching function of a push button, operated locally, at the switching means 3 itself. Thus, the means of switching 3 further comprises an external operating lever 24 acting on the electrical switch 5.

L'intégration, dans un seul et même appareillage électrique, d'une fonction d'actionnement à distance, via une communication sans fil, et d'une fonction d'actionnement local, avec une manette 24 que comprend ledit appareillage peut être telle que chacune d'elle agit sur le même commutateur électrique 5, la manette 24 d'actionnement manuel par un utilisateur, d'une part, et la réception d'un ordre par le récepteur 4, d'autre part, étant alors apte à commuter le commutateur électrique 5. Ainsi, le dispositif de commande 1 comprend un commutateur électrique 5, fermant, selon sa position, le circuit d'excitation 20, et pouvant être commandé, d'une part, par la manette 24, ou à distance, à partir d'un moyen de contrôle 2 déporté, qui sera encore décrit plus loin, et qui peut envoyer un ordre de fermeture au moyen de commutation 3, via le récepteur 4.The integration, in a single electrical equipment, of a function of remote actuation, via a wireless communication, and a local actuation function, with a handle 24 that includes said apparatus can be such that each of them acts on the same electrical switch 5, the lever 24 for manual operation by a user, on the one hand, and the reception of an order by the receiver 4, on the other hand, then being able to switch the electrical switch 5. Thus, the control device 1 comprises an electrical switch 5, closing, according to its position, the excitation circuit 20, and can be controlled, on the one hand, by the lever 24, or remotely, from a remote control means 2, which will be further described below, and which can send a closing command to the switching means 3 via the receiver 4.

Un tel appareillage peut avoir une structure monobloc, intégrant donc le moyen de commutation 3 ainsi que la manette 24 agissant elle aussi sur le commutateur électrique 5, notamment via l'unité de traitement 7. Cette structure monobloc a alors des moyens de fixation à une boîte pour montage saillie ou encastré.Such equipment may have a one-piece structure, thus integrating the switching means 3 and the lever 24 also acting on the electrical switch 5, in particular via the processing unit 7. This monobloc structure then has means for fixing to a box for surface or recessed mounting.

Alternativement, un tel appareillage peut être essentiellement constitué de deux modules coopérant l'un avec l'autre, à savoir, d'une part, un module de puissance, comprenant entre autres le commutateur électrique 5, les bornes pour les pôles 6 et des moyens de fixation à la boîte de montage, et, d'autre part, monté, préférentiellement par enfichage, sur le module de puissance, un module d'application, comprenant en particulier la manette 24 ainsi que l'unité de traitement 7 et le récepteur 4. Des informations de contrôle circulent donc entre les deux modules. Il est ainsi possible d'utiliser différents modules d'application, comprenant par exemple une pluralité de manettes 24, une zone tactile capacitive, ou d'autres fonctions de contrôle voire d'affichage, et conserver le même module de puissance.Alternatively, such an apparatus may consist essentially of two modules cooperating with each other, namely, on the one hand, a power module, comprising inter alia the electrical switch 5, the terminals for the poles 6 and fixing means to the mounting box, and, secondly, mounted, preferably by plugging, on the power module, an application module, comprising in particular the lever 24 and the processing unit 7 and the receiver 4. Control information flows between the two modules. It is thus possible to use different application modules, comprising for example a plurality of joysticks 24, a capacitive touch zone, or other control functions or even display, and keep the same power module.

Dans une troisième forme de réalisation, le moyen de commutation 3 se présente sous la forme d'un module monté dans une coque fermée destinée à être posé en saillie sur un mur, à l'extérieur du tableau électrique, puis câblé à un appareil central 26 qui s'y trouve, et ce à l'aide de deux conducteurs débouchant de ladite coque. Un tel module peut être entièrement fermé et seuls des câbles de connexion au tableau peuvent en sortir. Il suffit alors de fixer ce module au mur et de la câbler au tableau électrique. Il peut éventuellement être partiellement démontable pour accéder à des bornes de connexion des câbles.In a third embodiment, the switching means 3 is in the form of a module mounted in a closed shell intended to be placed projecting on a wall, outside the electrical panel, and then wired to a central unit. 26 which is there, using two conductors leading to the hull. Such a module can be fully closed and only connection cables to the board can be get out. Then simply fix this module to the wall and wire it to the electrical panel. It may possibly be partially removable to access cable connection terminals.

Dans une quatrième forme de réalisation, le moyen de commutation 3 prend la forme d'un appareil modulaire pour montage dans un tableau électrique, et préférentiellement présente ainsi un accrochage sur rail standard, et a une largeur compatible avec les autres appareils du même type. Le moyen de commutation 3 peut ainsi être dans un appareil modulaire autonome, distinct de l'appareil central 26 et destiné à un montage à proximité de ce dernier, préférentiellement de façon adjacente.In a fourth embodiment, the switching means 3 takes the form of a modular device for mounting in an electrical panel, and preferably thus has a standard rail fastening, and has a width compatible with other devices of the same type. The switching means 3 may thus be in an autonomous modular apparatus, distinct from the central apparatus 26 and intended for mounting in the vicinity of the latter, preferably adjacent to it.

Selon une caractéristique additionnelle possible, le moyen de commutation 3 tire de l'énergie électrique du circuit électrique d'excitation 20 à partir des pôles électriques 6 et à travers une première alimentation électrique 9 qu'il comprend, connectée auxdits pôles 6 et générant une tension continue adaptée à l'unité de traitement 7 voire aussi au récepteur 4. Cette première alimentation électrique 9 se trouve connectée en parallèle du commutateur électrique 5, et fournit donc une alimentation tant que ce dernier est ouvert, grâce à la différence de potentiel existant entre les pôles 6, éventuellement en aval d'un dépolariseur 14. Cette première alimentation électrique 9 sert donc en particulier à alimenter l'unité de traitement 7 ainsi que le récepteur 4, et produit donc, à partir de la différence de potentiels existant entre les pôles 6, et donc dans le circuit électrique d'excitation 20, une tension continue adaptée à ladite unité de traitement 7 voire aussi audit récepteur 4, préférentiellement d'environ 3 volts. La première alimentation 9 est telle que le courant qu'elle fait circuler dans le circuit d'excitation 20 n'est pas suffisant pour que l'appareil central 26 considère que celui-ci est fermé. En l'occurrence, un courant de l'ordre du milliampère est privilégié. Dans le cas contraire, la présence de la première alimentation 9 pourrait être considérée comme la fermeture d'un des boutons poussoirs 21 du circuit d'excitation, et provoquer donc la mise en marche du circuit d'exploitation 18 à travers l'appareil central 26.According to an additional possible characteristic, the switching means 3 draws electrical energy from the electrical excitation circuit 20 from the electric poles 6 and through a first power supply 9 that it comprises, connected to said poles 6 and generating a DC voltage adapted to the processing unit 7 or also to the receiver 4. This first power supply 9 is connected in parallel with the electrical switch 5, and therefore provides a supply as long as it is open, thanks to the existing potential difference between the poles 6, possibly downstream of a depolarizer 14. This first power supply 9 is therefore used in particular to power the processing unit 7 and the receiver 4, and therefore produces, from the potential difference between the poles 6, and therefore in the electrical excitation circuit 20, a DC voltage adapted to said milking unit 7 or even to said receiver 4, preferably about 3 volts. The first power supply 9 is such that the current it circulates in the excitation circuit 20 is not sufficient for the central unit 26 to consider that it is closed. In this case, a current of milliampere order is preferred. In the opposite case, the presence of the first power supply 9 could be considered as the closing of one of the push buttons 21 of the excitation circuit, and thus cause the start of the operating circuit 18 through the central unit 26.

La première alimentation électrique 9 peut être sous la forme d'un élément monobloc, à connecter en parallèle du commutateur électrique 5 et produisant l'énergie électrique requise, ou peut être réalisée par un montage de composants électriques. Les figures 6 et 7 montrent des montages possibles. Ainsi, dans des modes de réalisation possibles, la première alimentation électrique 9 comprend, montés en série, une diode anti-retour 25, une réserve d'énergie 11, telle qu'une capacité ou condensateur, un convertisseur continu 12 et un filtre 13, notamment aussi un abaisseur de tension 10 monté en amont. La diode anti-retour 25 permet d'éviter que la réserve d'énergie 11 ne se vide à travers le commutateur électrique 5 lorsque celui-ci est fermé. Elle contribue donc à garantir que lors de courtes fermetures du commutateur électrique 5, la première alimentation électrique 9 reste capable d'alimenter l'unité de traitement 7 et le récepteur 4, grâce à la réserve d'énergie 11.The first power supply 9 can be in the form of a one-piece element, to be connected in parallel with the electrical switch 5 and producing the required electrical energy, or can be achieved by mounting electrical components. The figures 6 and 7 show possible montages. Thus, in possible embodiments, the first power supply 9 comprises, connected in series, a diode non-return 25, a power reserve 11, such as a capacitor or capacitor, a DC converter 12 and a filter 13, in particular also a voltage converter 10 mounted upstream. The non-return diode 25 prevents the energy reserve 11 from emptying through the electrical switch 5 when it is closed. It therefore contributes to ensuring that during short closings of the electrical switch 5, the first power supply 9 remains capable of supplying the processing unit 7 and the receiver 4, thanks to the energy reserve 11.

Le moyen de commutation 3 est monté électriquement en parallèle des autres boutons poussoirs 21 dans le circuit d'excitation 20, ce dernier lui apportant l'énergie nécessaire à l'unité de traitement 7 et au récepteur 4. Lorsqu'un des boutons poussoirs 21 du circuit d'excitation 20 est fermé, il court circuite donc le dispositif de commande 1, qui n'est alors plus alimenté électriquement. Ce défaut temporaire d'alimentation peut être compensé par la réserve d'énergie 11 si sa propre capacité le permet, mais, après que cette dernière se soit entièrement vidée pour le bon fonctionnement du moyen de commutation 3, il risque, d'une part, de priver totalement le récepteur 4 et l'unité de traitement 7 d'électricité, avec une problématique de réinitialisation de ladite unité au redémarrage, et, d'autre part, de laisser le dispositif de commande 1 inopérant pendant un certain temps après le retour du courant une fois le bouton poussoir 21 relâché, le temps notamment de recharger la réserve d'énergie 11 et de remettre en marche l'unité de traitement 7.The switching means 3 is electrically mounted in parallel with the other push buttons 21 in the excitation circuit 20, the latter supplying it with the energy required for the processing unit 7 and the receiver 4. When one of the push buttons 21 of the excitation circuit 20 is closed, it runs thus the control device 1, which is then no longer electrically powered. This temporary power failure can be compensated by the energy reserve 11 if its own capacity allows it, but, after the latter has completely emptied for the proper functioning of the switching means 3, it may, on the one hand , to completely deny the receiver 4 and the treatment unit 7 of electricity, with a problem of resetting said unit at restart, and, secondly, to leave the control device 1 inoperative for a certain time after the return of the current once the push button 21 released, including the time to recharge the energy reserve 11 and restart the treatment unit 7.

Afin de résoudre ce problème, il est particulièrement pertinent d'envisager un mode de repli du moyen de commutation 3, dans lequel il consomme beaucoup moins d'énergie, ce mode de repli étant utilisé dès lors que le moyen de commutation 3 est court-circuité par l'appui sur un autre bouton poussoir 21. Ce mode de repli consiste préférentiellement, d'une part, à placer l'unité de traitement 7, sous forme de microprocesseur, dans un mode dans lequel sa consommation est réduite, par exemple en réduisant sa fréquence de calcul, et, d'autre part, à couper la fonction réception du récepteur 4 de sorte à le placer dans un mode de veille ou standby. Ainsi, selon une caractéristique additionnelle possible, le moyen de commutation 3 comprend, en outre, un moyen de détection d'une éventuelle absence de tension entre les pôles électriques 6, connecté directement auxdits pôles électriques 6, en aval du dépolariseur 14 ou encore aux bornes du commutateur électrique 5, apte à placer l'unité de traitement 7, voire aussi le récepteur 4, dans un mode économe en énergie dès qu'une absence de tension est détectée entre les pôles électriques 6, en particulier lors d'un appui sur un des boutons poussoir 21. Ce moyen de détection d'un éventuel court-circuit agit donc sur l'unité de traitement 7, voire aussi sur le récepteur 4. Bien entendu, la fermeture du commutateur électrique 5 n'est pas interprétée comme un court circuit par le moyen de détection de court circuit. Cela peut être réalisé en assurant que ledit moyen de détection de court circuit tienne compte de l'instruction d'ouverture ou de fermeture du commutateur électrique 5 ou en tenant compte de la durée du court circuit.In order to solve this problem, it is particularly pertinent to envisage a mode of switching back of the switching means 3, in which it consumes a lot less energy, this fallback mode being used when the switching means 3 is short-circuited. This fallback mode preferably consists, on the one hand, in placing the processing unit 7, in the form of a microprocessor, in a mode in which its consumption is reduced, for example by reducing its frequency of calculation, and on the other hand, to cut the reception function of the receiver 4 so as to place it in a standby or standby mode. Thus, according to an additional possible characteristic, the switching means 3 further comprises means for detecting a possible absence of voltage between the electric poles 6, directly connected to said electrical poles 6, downstream of the depolarizer 14 or to the terminals of the electrical switch 5, able to place the processing unit 7, or even the receiver 4, in a power saving mode as soon as a lack of voltage is detected between the electric poles 6, in particular when pressing one of the push buttons 21. This means of detecting a possible short circuit thus acts on the processing unit 7, or even on the receiver 4. Of course, the closing of the electrical switch 5 is not interpreted as a short circuit by the short circuit detection means. This can be done by ensuring that said short circuit detection means takes into account the opening or closing instruction of the electrical switch 5 or taking into account the duration of the short circuit.

Lorsque l'appareil central 26 est un gradateur, son rapport cyclique est modifié tant que le circuit électrique d'excitation 20 est fermé. Le rapport cyclique du gradateur change donc tant que le circuit électrique d'excitation 20 est fermé : si l'utilisateur maintient un bouton poussoir 21 dans un état fermé, le rapport cyclique augmente progressivement puis diminue progressivement et ainsi de suite, jusqu'à l'ouverture du circuit électrique d'excitation 20.When the central unit 26 is a dimmer, its duty cycle is changed as the electrical excitation circuit 20 is closed. The cyclic ratio of the dimmer thus changes as long as the electric excitation circuit 20 is closed: if the user maintains a push button 21 in a closed state, the duty cycle gradually increases and then gradually decreases and so on, until the opening of the electrical excitation circuit 20.

Le commutateur électrique 5 formant, dans son état fermé, une dérivation de la première alimentation électrique 9, cette dernière ne sera plus capable de fournir l'énergie nécessaire au fonctionnement du moyen de commutation 3, en particulier de l'unité de traitement 7 et/ou du récepteur 4, et le dispositif de commande 1 ne sera plus fonctionnel puisqu'a priori incapable de recevoir des instructions et de les traiter. Pour résoudre ce problème et selon la caractéristique illustrée à la figure 4, le moyen de commutation 3 tire de l'énergie électrique du circuit électrique d'excitation 20 à partir des pôles électriques 6 et à travers une deuxième alimentation électrique 15 qu'il comprend, placée en aval du commutateur électrique 5 et générant de l'électricité adaptée à l'unité de traitement 7 dès lors que ledit commutateur 5 est fermé. Comme la deuxième alimentation électrique 15 est connectée en aval du commutateur électrique 5, ce n'est que lorsqu'il est fermé qu'elle fournira de l'énergie, et elle agit donc bien de façon complémentaire à la première alimentation électrique 9. Il pourrait alternativement être envisagé d'utiliser une réserve d'énergie 11 de plus grande capacité, ce qui pourrait toutefois être difficilement compatible avec des utilisations nécessitant un faible encombrement.The electrical switch 5 forming, in its closed state, a bypass of the first power supply 9, the latter will no longer be capable of supplying the energy necessary for the operation of the switching means 3, in particular of the processing unit 7 and or the receiver 4, and the control device 1 will not be functional since a priori unable to receive instructions and treat them. To solve this problem and according to the feature illustrated in the figure 4 the switching means 3 draws electrical energy from the electrical excitation circuit 20 from the electrical poles 6 and through a second power supply 15 which it comprises, placed downstream of the electrical switch 5 and generating power. electricity adapted to the processing unit 7 when said switch 5 is closed. As the second power supply 15 is connected downstream of the electrical switch 5, it is only when it is closed that it will supply energy, and it thus acts well in a manner complementary to the first power supply 9. alternatively could be envisaged to use a power reserve 11 of greater capacity, which could however be difficult to compatible with uses requiring a small footprint.

La figure 5 détaille une réalisation particulière de la deuxième alimentation électrique 15. Ainsi, selon une caractéristique additionnelle possible, la deuxième alimentation électrique 15 comprend, en aval du commutateur électrique 5, un élévateur de potentiel 16, tel qu'une diode de Zener, et notamment aussi un abaisseur de tension 17. L'élévateur de potentiel 16, couplé à l'abaisseur de tension 17 fournissent l'alimentation à l'unité de traitement 7 et au récepteur 4.The figure 5 details a particular embodiment of the second power supply 15. Thus, according to an additional characteristic possible, the second power supply 15 comprises, downstream of the electrical switch 5, a potential booster 16, such as a Zener diode, and in particular also a voltage step-down 17. The potential booster 16, coupled to the voltage step down 17 supply power to the processing unit 7 and the receiver 4.

Selon une caractéristique additionnelle possible, l'unité de traitement 7 prend la forme d'un microprocesseur commandant l'état du commutateur électrique 5 sur la base du signal reçu par le récepteur 4, le moyen de commutation 3 comprenant, en outre, des moyens de réglages 8, grâce auxquels le moyen de commutation 3 peut être paramétré. La présence de moyens de réglages 8, illustrés en particulier à la figure 4, et la réalisation de l'unité de traitement 7 sous forme de microprocesseur sont bien entendu indépendantes.According to a possible additional characteristic, the processing unit 7 takes the form of a microprocessor controlling the state of the electric switch 5 on the basis of the signal received by the receiver 4, the switching means 3 further comprising means of settings 8, by means of which the switching means 3 can be parameterized. The presence of adjustment means 8, illustrated in particular to the figure 4 and the realization of the processing unit 7 in microprocessor form are of course independent.

Selon une caractéristique additionnelle possible, le moyen de commutation 3 comprend, en outre, un dépolariseur 14, redressant la tension alternative existant entre les deux pôles électriques 6, monté en amont ou en aval du commutateur électrique 5, préférentiellement un dépolariseur 14 monté en amont de la première alimentation électrique 9 et de la deuxième alimentation électrique 15, voire aussi en amont du commutateur électrique 5. Un tel dépolariseur 14 permet de transformer la tension sinusoïdale entre deux pôles 6 en une tension qui ne change pas de signe, et donc mono alternance, ce qui permet d'éviter toute consigne de polarité quant au pôle 6 du moyen de commutation 3 auquel les conducteurs doivent être reliés. Les caractéristiques du courant que le commutateur électrique 5 doit commuter impactant sa propre conception, le placement du dépolariseur 14, soit en amont soit en aval dudit commutateur conditionne le type de composant qui doit être utilisé. Ainsi, en plaçant le dépolariseur 14 en amont du commutateur électrique 5, comme dans les figures 3 à 5, ce dernier doit uniquement être apte à commuter des tensions continues, ce qui limite le coût de ce commutateur. Le montage de la figure 2 montre un dépolariseur 14 monté en aval du commutateur électrique 5.According to an additional possible characteristic, the switching means 3 further comprises a depolarizer 14, rectifying the alternating voltage existing between the two electric poles 6, mounted upstream or downstream of the electrical switch 5, preferably a depolarizer 14 mounted upstream. the first power supply 9 and the second power supply 15, or even upstream of the electrical switch 5. Such depolarizer 14 converts the sinusoidal voltage between two poles 6 into a voltage that does not change sign, and therefore mono alternation, which avoids any polarity reference to the pole 6 of the switching means 3 to which the conductors must be connected. The characteristics of the current that the electrical switch 5 must switch impacting its own design, the placement of the depolarizer 14, either upstream or downstream of said switch conditions the type of component to be used. Thus, by placing the depolarizer 14 upstream of the electrical switch 5, as in the Figures 3 to 5 , it must only be able to switch DC voltages, which limits the cost of this switch. The assembly of the figure 2 shows a depolarizer 14 mounted downstream of the electrical switch 5.

Enfin, selon une autre caractéristique additionnelle possible, le dispositif de commande 1 comprend, en outre, au moins un moyen de contrôle 2 pour émettre sans fil un ordre à destination du moyen de commutation 3, par exemple une télécommande, un appareillage électrique émetteur, tel qu'un bouton poussoir ou encore un détecteur de présence. L'ordre émis par le moyen de contrôle 2 est donc envoyé à destination du récepteur 4, puis sera transmis à l'unité de traitement 7, qui pourra ensuite piloter l'état du commutateur électrique 5, qui, à travers l'appareil central 26, conditionnera l'état du circuit électrique d'exploitation 18. Le moyen de contrôle 2 peut par exemple essentiellement consister en une manette et un émetteur sans fil, envoyant un signal à chaque manipulation de la manette.Finally, according to another possible additional feature, the control device 1 further comprises at least one control means 2 for wirelessly transmitting an instruction to the switching means 3, for example a remote control, a transmitter electrical equipment, such as a push button or a presence detector. The order issued by the control means 2 is therefore sent to the receiver 4, then will be transmitted to the processing unit 7, which can then control the state of the electrical switch 5, which, through the central unit 26, condition the state of the electrical operating circuit 18. The means Control 2 can for example essentially consist of a controller and a wireless transmitter, sending a signal to each manipulation of the controller.

L'invention a aussi pour objet une installation électrique 27 comprenant

  • un circuit électrique d'exploitation 18 comprenant des consommateurs électriques 19, tels que des luminaires,
  • un circuit électrique d'excitation 20, comprenant des boutons poussoir 21 montés en parallèle ;
  • un appareil central 26, piloté par le circuit électrique d'excitation 20 et pilotant le circuit électrique d'exploitation 18, du type minuterie, télérupteur, gradateur.
The invention also relates to an electrical installation 27 comprising
  • an electrical operating circuit 18 comprising electrical consumers 19, such as luminaires,
  • an electrical excitation circuit 20 comprising push buttons 21 connected in parallel;
  • a central apparatus 26, controlled by the electrical excitation circuit 20 and driving the electrical operating circuit 18, of the timer type, remote control, dimmer.

Les figures 9 et 10 illustrent chacune une installation selon l'invention, respectivement avec un montage communément appelé « trois fils » ou un montage communément appelé « quatre fils ». L'appareil central 26, pour être sensible à l'état fermé ou ouvert du circuit électrique d'excitation 20, comprend par exemple un actionneur électromagnétique, muni d'une bobine électrique montée en série dans le circuit électrique d'excitation 20, ladite bobine étant capable, dès lors qu'elle est traversée par un courant, de modifier l'état du circuit électrique d'exploitation 18, c'est-à-dire en fermant un contact pour une mise en marche tout ou rien dans une fonction de minuterie, en commutant un contact pour une fonction de télérupteur, ou en modifiant le rapport cyclique pour une fonction de gradateur. L'appareil central 26 peut bien entendu avoir un fonctionnement électronique, sensible au courant circulant dans le circuit électrique d'excitation 20.The figures 9 and 10 each illustrate an installation according to the invention, respectively with a mounting commonly known as "three son" or an assembly commonly called "four son". The central apparatus 26, to be sensitive to the closed or open state of the electrical excitation circuit 20, comprises for example an electromagnetic actuator, provided with an electric coil connected in series in the electrical excitation circuit 20, said coil being capable, as soon as it is traversed by a current, to modify the state of the electrical operating circuit 18, that is to say by closing a contact for an on / off operation in a function timer, by switching a contact for a remote control function, or by changing the duty cycle for a dimmer function. The central unit 26 can of course have an electronic operation, sensitive to the current flowing in the electric excitation circuit 20.

Le circuit électrique d'excitation 20 comprend ainsi un ensemble de boutons poussoirs 21. Une première de leurs bornes est reliée à l'appareil central 26, généralement à la bobine, une autre borne étant reliée à la phase 29, distribuée par un disjoncteur 28, comme à la figure 10, ou au neutre 30, comme à la figure 9. Le circuit électrique d'exploitation 18 est, quant à lui, connecté, d'une part, à une autre borne de l'appareil central 26 et au neutre 30, l'appareil central 26 étant bien entendu connecté à la ligne de phase 29 et à la ligne de neutre 30 du disjoncteur 28.The electrical excitation circuit 20 thus comprises a set of push-buttons 21. A first of their terminals is connected to the central apparatus 26, generally to the coil, another terminal being connected to the phase 29, distributed by a circuit-breaker 28. as at figure 10 , or at neutral 30, as at figure 9 . The electrical operating circuit 18 is, in turn, connected, on the one hand, to another terminal of the central apparatus 26 and the neutral 30, the central unit 26 being of course connected to the phase line 29 and at the neutral line 30 of the circuit breaker 28.

Selon l'invention, cette installation 27 comprend, en outre, au moins un dispositif de commande 1 tel que décrit ci-dessus, dont le moyen de commutation 3 est monté électriquement en parallèle des boutons poussoir 21 de sorte à puiser du circuit électrique d'excitation 20 l'énergie électrique nécessaire à son fonctionnement.According to the invention, this installation 27 further comprises at least one control device 1 as described above, the switching means 3 of which is electrically mounted in parallel with the push buttons 21 so as to draw from the electric circuit. excitation 20 the electrical energy necessary for its operation.

Comme le montrent les figures 9 et 10, le dispositif de commande 1 est monté électriquement dans l'installation 27 comme les autres boutons poussoirs 21, en parallèle, dans le circuit électrique d'excitation 20. Toutefois, le dispositif de commande 1 selon l'invention se différencie des autres boutons poussoirs 21 par le fait que la commutation électrique et la commande de ladite commutation sont deux fonctions géographiquement distantes l'une de l'autre, et donc placées à des endroits différents, pouvant communiquer sans fil, grâce à un émetteur que comprend le moyen de contrôle 2 et un récepteur 4 que comprend le moyen de commutation 3, ce dernier étant physiquement installé à proximité des conducteurs filaires existants.As shown by figures 9 and 10 , the control device 1 is electrically mounted in the installation 27 like the other push buttons 21, in parallel, in the electric excitation circuit 20. However, the control device 1 according to the invention differs from the other pushbuttons 21 in that the electrical switching and the control of said switching are two functions geographically distant from each other, and therefore placed in different places, able to communicate wirelessly, thanks to a transmitter that includes the control means 2 and a receiver 4 that includes switching means 3, the latter being physically installed near the existing wired conductors.

Le moyen de commutation 3 est donc câblé dans le circuit électrique d'excitation 20 comme les autres boutons poussoirs 21, et ses pôles 6 sont donc, pour l'un, relié à l'appareil central 26, et, pour l'autre, au neutre 30, comme dans la figure 9, ou à la phase 29, comme dans la figure 10. En outre, selon une caractéristique additionnelle possible, le moyen de commutation 3 du au moins un dispositif de commande 1 est monté électriquement en repiquage d'un bouton poussoir 21. Ce repiquage est tel qu'il n'est pas nécessaire de réaliser un câblage très long entre le moyen de commutation 3 et le bouton poussoir 21 auquel il est repiqué. Il n'est donc pas nécessaire d'intervenir sur le câblage déjà existant, mais uniquement d'installer, par repiquage, le moyen de commutation 3 au niveau d'un des boutons poussoirs 21 existant, voire au niveau de l'appareil central 26 si cela est possible, et seul le moyen de contrôle 2 peut être déporté. Comme il communique sans fil avec le moyen de commutation 3, il n'est pas nécessaire de modifier le câblage existant pour rajouter le dispositif de commande 1 selon l'invention.The switching means 3 is thus wired in the electrical excitation circuit 20 like the other push buttons 21, and its poles 6 are therefore, for one, connected to the central apparatus 26, and for the other, in neutral 30, as in the figure 9 , or in phase 29, as in the figure 10 . In addition, according to an additional possible feature, the switching means 3 of the at least one control device 1 is electrically mounted in transplanting a push button 21. This subculture is such that it is not necessary to carry out a wiring very long between the switching means 3 and the push button 21 to which it is transplanted. It is therefore not necessary to intervene on the existing wiring, but only to install, by transplanting, the switching means 3 at one of the existing push buttons 21, or even at the central unit 26 if this is possible, and only the control means 2 can be deported. Since it communicates wirelessly with the switching means 3, it is not necessary to modify the existing wiring to add the control device 1 according to the invention.

Enfin, l'invention a aussi pour objet l'utilisation particulière d'un dispositif de commande 1 tel que décrit ci-dessus pour réaliser une installation électrique tel que décrite ci-dessus.Finally, the invention also relates to the particular use of a control device 1 as described above to achieve an electrical installation as described above.

Un des avantages découlant de la description technique ci-dessus est, entre autres, que le dispositif de commande 1 selon l'invention est particulièrement versatile, puisqu'il peut être utilisé dans toute installation électrique, au niveau du circuit d'excitation 20, dans la mesure où ce dernier peut lui fournir un minimum d'énergie électrique pour fonctionner. Le dispositif de commande 1 décrit ci-dessus peut donc être utilisé indépendamment de la technologie utilisée pour l'appareil central 26, qu'elle soit électronique ou électrotechnique, ce qui évite tout problème de compatibilité. Il suffit en effet que l'appareil central 26 soit sensible à la fermeture complète du circuit d'excitation 20 et à la circulation d'un courant suffisant dans ce circuit, suite à cette fermeture.One of the advantages deriving from the above technical description is, inter alia, that the control device 1 according to the invention is particularly versatile, since it can be used in any electrical installation, at the level of the excitation circuit 20, to the extent that the latter can provide him with a minimum of electrical energy to operate. The control device 1 described above can therefore be used independently of the technology used for the central unit 26, whether electronic or electrotechnical, which avoids any compatibility problem. It suffices for the central apparatus 26 to be sensitive to the complete closing of the excitation circuit 20 and to the circulation of a sufficient current in this circuit, following this closure.

Un autre avantage est qu'il est tout à fait envisageable de placer, à différents endroits d'une installation existante, une pluralité de dispositifs de commande 1 tels que décrits, qui auront chacun le même fonctionnement. Ainsi, à titre d'exemple, il est tout à fait possible de placer un tel dispositif de commande 1 au sous-sol d'un bâtiment, alors qu'un autre sera placé dans un des étages supérieurs. Cela permet donc de positionner chaque moyen de réception RF à proximité de l'endroit souhaité pour la manoeuvre, et de ne pas être gêné par les éventuelles perturbations de la transmission du signal sans fil depuis un émetteur trop éloigné.Another advantage is that it is quite possible to place, at different locations of an existing installation, a plurality of control devices 1 as described, which will each have the same operation. Thus, for example, it is quite possible to place such a control device 1 in the basement of a building, while another will be placed in one of the upper floors. This therefore makes it possible to position each RF reception means close to the desired location for the maneuver, and not to be hindered by any disturbances in the transmission of the wireless signal from a transmitter too far away.

Claims (15)

  1. Electrical installation (27) comprising
    - an electrical operating circuit (18) comprising electrical consumers (19), such as luminars,
    - an electrical excitation circuit (20), comprising push buttons (21) mounted in parallel;
    - a central apparatus (26), capable of being driven by the electrical excitation circuit (20) and capable of driving the electrical operating circuit (18), of timer, remote-control switch, dimmer type,
    the electrical installation (2) further comprising at least one control device (1) which is capable of driving the central apparatus (26) by closing the electrical excitation circuit (20), the latter comprising push buttons (21) with which said control device (1) is wired in parallel,
    said central apparatus (26), of timer, dimmer or remote-control switch type, is capable of controlling in turn the operating circuit (18) comprising electrical consumers (19),
    the control device (1) comprising an electrical switching means (3) for closing the electrical excitation circuit (20) and having electrical poles (6) for its electrical power supply and for mounting it in the electrical excitation circuit (20) in parallel with the push buttons (21),
    the switching means (3) being mounted electrically in parallel with the push buttons (21) so as to draw from the electrical excitation circuit (20) the electrical energy necessary to its operation,
    the switching means (3) comprising, on the one hand, for closing the electrical excitation circuit (20), a controlled electrical switch (5), such as a relay or at least one semiconductor, and, on the other hand, a processing unit (7), the switching means (3) capable of drawing electrical energy from the electrical excitation circuit (20) from the electrical poles (6) and through a first electrical power supply (9) that it comprises, connected to said poles (6) and capable of generating a direct voltage suited to the processing unit (7), this first electrical power supply (9) serving in particular to power the processing unit (7) and the receiver (4), characterized in that the control device (1) is provided with a wireless signal receiver (4) to be able to be driven wirelessly, in that the processing unit (7) is capable of communicating with the receiver (4) and of driving the electrical switch (5) on the basis of a close command received by said receiver (4)
    and in that the switching means (3) is capable of drawing electrical energy from the electrical excitation circuit (20) from the electrical poles (6) and through a second electrical power supply (15) that it comprises, placed downstream of the electrical switch (5) and capable of generating electricity suited to the processing unit (7) when said switch (5) is closed.
  2. Electrical installation (2) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the switching means (3) is in the form of a module dimensioned to be accommodated, in a housing (22) for surface- or flush-mounting of an electrical equipment item (23) of push button type, between said equipment item (23) and said housing (22), preferentially in the bottom of the housing (22), the switching means (3) and the equipment item (23) being able to be connected to one another, in particular at the electrical poles (6).
  3. Electrical installation (2) according to either one of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the switching means (3) is in the form of an electrical equipment item to be fixed directly to a housing (22) for a surface- or flush-mounting, and in that the switching means (3) further comprises an external actuation lever (24), acting on the electrical switch (5) .
  4. Electrical installation (2) according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the switching means (3) takes the form of a module mounted in a closed shell intended to be surface-mounted on a wall, outside of the electrical switchboard, then wired to a central apparatus (26) which is located therein, this being done using two conductors emerging from said shell.
  5. Electrical installation (2) according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the switching means (3) takes the form of a modular apparatus for mounting in an electrical switchboard.
  6. Electrical installation (2) according to Claim 5, characterized in that the first electrical power supply (9) comprises, mounted in series, a non-return diode (25), an energy reserve (11), such as a capacitor or condenser, a DC convertor (12) and a filter (13), in particular also a step-down transformer (10) mounted upstream.
  7. Electrical installation (2) according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the switching means (3) further comprises a means for detecting any absence of voltage between the electrical poles (6), connected directly to said electrical poles (6), or downstream of the depolarizer (14) or even to the terminals of the electrical switch (5), capable of placing the processing unit (7), even also the receiver (4), in an energy-saving mode when an absence of voltage is detected between the electrical poles (6), in particular when one of the push buttons (21) is pressed.
  8. Electrical installation (2) according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the second electrical power supply (15) comprises, downstream of the electrical switch (5), a step-up transformer (16).
  9. Electrical installation (2) according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the receiver (4) is also capable of wirelessly transmitting a signal, and thus forms a transceiver component.
  10. Electrical installation (2) according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the processing unit (7) takes the form of a microprocessor controlling the state of the electrical switch (5) on the basis of the signal received by the receiver (4), the switching means (3) further comprising setting means (8), by which the switching means (3) can be parameterized.
  11. Electrical installation (2) according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the switching means (3) further comprises a depolarizer (14), rectifying the alternating voltage existing between the two electrical poles (6), mounted upstream or downstream of the electrical switch (5).
  12. Electrical installation (2) according to any one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the control device (1) further comprises at least one monitoring means (2) for wirelessly transmitting a command to the switching means (3).
  13. Electrical installation (27) according to any one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the switching means (3) of the at least one control device (1) is electrically mounted connected to a monostable push button (21).
  14. Control device (1) for an electrical installation (27) according to any one of Claims 1 to 13, said control device (1) being capable of driving the central apparatus (26) of the electrical installation (27) by closing the electrical excitation circuit (20) of the electrical installation (27), said control device (1) being capable of being wired in parallel with the push buttons (21) of the electrical installation (27),
    the control device (1) comprising an electrical switching means (3) for closing the electrical excitation circuit (20) and having electrical poles (6) for its electrical power supply and for mounting it in the electrical excitation circuit (20) in parallel with the bush buttons (21),
    the switching means (3) being capable of being mounted electrically in parallel with the push buttons (21) so as to draw from the electrical excitation circuit (20) the electrical energy necessary to its operation,
    the switching means (3) comprising, on the one hand, for closing the electrical excitation circuit (20), a controlled electrical switch (5), such as a relay or at least one semiconductor, and, on the other hand, a processing unit (7), the switching means (3) being capable of drawing electrical energy from the electrical excitation circuit (20) from the electrical poles (6) and through a first electrical power supply (9) that it comprises, connected to said poles (6) and capable of generating a direct voltage suited to the processing unit (7), this first electrical power supply (9) serving in particular to power the processing unit (7) and the receiver (4), characterized in that the control device (1) is provided with a wireless signal receiver (4) to be able to be driven wirelessly, in that the processing unit (7) is capable of communicating with the receiver (4) and of driving the electrical switch (5) on the basis of a close command received by said receiver (4)
    and in that the switching means (3) is capable of drawing electrical energy from the electrical excitation circuit (20) from the electrical poles (6) and through a second electrical power supply (15) that it comprises, placed downstream of the electrical switch (5) and capable of generating electricity suited to the processing unit (7) when said switch (5) is closed.
  15. Use of a control device (1) according to Claim 14 to form an electrical installation (27) according to any one of Claims 1 to 13.
EP13305587.1A 2012-05-10 2013-05-03 Wireless switching of an energising circuit of a central apparatus such as a timer, remote-control switch or dimmer Active EP2663166B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1254248A FR2990574B1 (en) 2012-05-10 2012-05-10 WIRELESS SWITCHING OF AN EXCITATION CIRCUIT FOR A CENTRAL DEVICE OF THE TIMER TYPE, TELUATOR OR DIMMER

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2663166A1 EP2663166A1 (en) 2013-11-13
EP2663166B1 true EP2663166B1 (en) 2019-03-06

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13305587.1A Active EP2663166B1 (en) 2012-05-10 2013-05-03 Wireless switching of an energising circuit of a central apparatus such as a timer, remote-control switch or dimmer

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2663166B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2990574B1 (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2826282A1 (en) 1978-06-15 1979-12-20 Siemens Ag STAIR LIGHT TIMER
EP1860924B1 (en) 2006-05-22 2016-04-27 Hager Controls SAS Motion sensor switch associated with a timer
WO2009027962A2 (en) * 2007-09-02 2009-03-05 Orziv - Design And Development Remote controlled electrical switch retrofit system
US20100277306A1 (en) * 2009-05-01 2010-11-04 Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. Wireless occupancy sensing with accessible location power switching
DE102010044965B4 (en) * 2010-09-10 2014-10-09 Christoph Auer Circuit device for the electrical supply of consumers

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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Publication number Publication date
FR2990574B1 (en) 2015-11-20
EP2663166A1 (en) 2013-11-13
FR2990574A1 (en) 2013-11-15

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