EP2534437A2

EP2534437A2 - Device for internally cleaning pipes

Info

Publication number: EP2534437A2
Application number: EP10807438A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Karl-Heinz Grüter; Falk Jaresch
Original assignee: Jarin GmbH
Current assignee: GRUETER, KARL-HEINZ; JARESCH, FALK
Priority date: 2010-02-12
Filing date: 2010-12-21
Publication date: 2012-12-19
Also published as: WO2011098112A3; WO2011098112A2; US20130152966A1

Abstract

According to the invention, guns and similar devices for cleaning cooling pipes are jammed in the pipes during the cleaning operation.

Description

Device for internal cleaning of pipes

The invention relates to a device for internal cleaning of

Heat exchanger tubes, in particular of cooling tubes industrial cooler.

Such coolers occur, for example, in power generators or chemical plants. In power generation plants, the heat exchangers are used in particular as so-called capacitors. He serves there to liquefy the exhaust steam. This allows a closed

Coolant circuit.

Contemporary capacitors in power generation plants exist as water-cooled surface capacitors. They have tube bundles. Through the cooling tubes of Abdampfkondensatoren cold cooling water is guided. The exhaust steam condenses on the outer surface of the cooling tubes. The number of cooling tubes in a condenser can be large. A number of 20,000 cooling tubes is not uncommon for the power plant capacitors. Depending on the design, heating of the cooling water in the cooling tubes should take place at 8 to 10 degrees Celsius.

The cooling water is usually taken from the environment.

In order to limit contamination of the capacitors, the

Cooling water cleaned before it flows into the cooling tubes.

Cooling of the vapor creates a negative pressure in the condenser, which is regularly referred to as a vacuum, although in the strict sense it is not a vacuum. This negative pressure is of great importance for the efficiency of the steam-powered power plant. The efficiency becomes one

1

CONFIRMATION COPY largely determined by the pressure difference between the pressure (in the flow direction of the steam) in front of the steam turbine and the pressure behind the steam turbine. Since the cooling of the steam from the heat transfer in the

Depends on cooling tubes, there is also a dependence of the negative pressure on the heat transfer. At the same time it should be noted that the heat transfer of the cooling tubes is reduced by contamination of the cooling tube inner surface. The contamination of the cooling tube inner surface is conventional

Capacitors inevitably despite filtering the cooling water. Therefore, there is always a need for cleaning on conventional capacitors.

Depending on the medium to be cooled or heated, which is passed through the cooling tubes, deposits are formed in the cooling tubes despite the filtering. This is true even with water. The main constituent of the deposits from the water is lime, unless the water has been previously descaled. But there are also significant deposits of manganese, iron and silica on cooling pipes made of steel, stainless steel, titanium or brass.

Cooling tubes made of copper are also popular.

Copper has significant corrosion problems. Upon contact with oxygen, copper oxides form. Oxygen is found in the cooling water, as well as in the steam.

The deposits usually lead to a deterioration of the heat transfer of the cooling tubes. As a result, the cooling performance decreases.

However, deposits can be called corrosion or fouling. Therefore, a cleaning of the cooling pipes is not only useful for improving the heat transfer. If the corrosion is ignored, it forms porous

Deposits, which can increase the corrosion so that can be spoken of pitting. There are various cleaning devices for internal cleaning of the cooling tubes known, with which the heat transfer is to be improved again and with which the cooling capacity to be raised again. Such devices are described, for example, in: DE 69812512T2, EP698423A, US2170997, US2418509, US2734208, US4281432, DE69507221T2,

US5153963, SU1414-482-A, US5305488, DE69200433T2, US 1598771,

DE69812151 1T2, US3604041, EP1391680, US6085376, US5966768,

US5960505, US5528790, US5305488, US48991,115, US4643248, US4413370, US4178649, US4069534, US3939519, US2734208, US2170997, US1612842, US1218005, USP523596S.

In these documents, scratches are disclosed, which are pushed one or more through the cooling tubes.

The scratches have different shapes. Recurring is the shape of resilient hook, the hooks are connected at one end to the scratch and slide with the other, hook-shaped end on the inner wall of the cooling tube. The sharper the hooks, the better

Cleaning effect. In part, the hooks at the contact ends are called blades.

The scratches can be in different shapes and forms

can also be combined with brushes.

In addition, the hooks at their end, with which they touch the inner surface of the cooling tube, adapted to this surface, that is, curved.

There are also scratches that are wholly or partially designed as brushes, as well as scratches, the first tear rips in the deposits in order to remove one after the rest better

The scratches are preferably moved with pressurized water through the cooling tubes. For this purpose, the scratches are formed piston-like at one end. Piston-like, because there is no defined piston clearance. Rather, it must be considered that the deposits have different thickness. The

piston-like end must adapt to that. This is usually done with sealing lips at the end of the scratch. The sealing lips can with low

Be spaced around the circumference. The ones connected with the distances

Permeability to the pressurized water may be beneficial to the scrapings previously scraped off by the hooks / cutting forward from the in

Rinse cleaning cooling tube.

For the application of pressurized water, it is known to use devices with a tubular end in the

Cooling tubes / heat exchanger tubes protrude. These devices are also referred to as pistols. The guns have a front nozzle, with which the guns are pressed by hand into the opening of a cooling tube. At the same time pressed with a dome-shaped sealing part of the gun against the radiator plate in which the cooling tubes are held.

At a water pressure of up to 20bar, depending on the pressure of the water, a force is required to seal the gun tightly, depending on the area where the pressure develops, which is easily a substantial part of the pressure

Body weight of a cleaning man can match or even go far beyond.

Even if a gun is tilted in a cooling tube, and thus facilitates holding the gun remains a tremendous physical

Effort for a cleaning man.

In addition, the physical effort increases as the posture becomes more difficult for the operator. From the difficulties A picture emerges when one realizes that the freedom of movement in front of the cooling tubes can sometimes be very small, for example only 500mm and / or also requires an attitude of the pistol at head height and even overhead.

In practice, the operators have to pause again and again.

The object of the invention has been found to simplify and facilitate the handling of the device referred to as a gun for the cleaning personnel.

According to the invention, this is achieved in that in the

Cooling tubes / heat exchanger tube protruding gun end or in the

Cooling tubes / heat exchanger tubes protruding part of which is provided with a spreading mechanism. By spreading the projecting into the cooling tube gun end the gun can be clamped and fixed there, so that the

Cleaning personnel is fully or partially relieved of the pressure described. With complete discharge can of a complete

Self-clamping or self-locking to be spoken against loosening.

The spreading mechanism can have different shapes.

An advantageous embodiment provides for the use of elastic, annular on the projecting into the cooling tube end material before. By

Compressing creates a thickening, with which the gun in the

Cooling tube is clamped and fixed. The elastic material may be rubber or compliant plastic such as elastomers. The elastic material can be used in the form of conventional O-rings. It is possible to arrange several rings in the axial direction one behind the other. Other profiles can also be used. Especially advantageous are profiles that show an elongated cross-section in a running in the axial direction section. Such cross sections may, for example, have straight and / or round and angular surfaces. Rectangular cross sections and oval cross sections are included.

Preferably find exactly rectangular cross-sections application.

Such molds, like other molds, can be produced economically with a corresponding number of pieces. For small quantities, the molds can be cut from solid material with sufficient strength of the rubber or elastomer. A sufficient strength can be clarified by one or a few tests. For example, sufficient strength is provided by rubber and elastomer, which are used for commercially available hose lines according to DIN 7341-1. For example, the shapes according to the invention may be formed by a tube section. In this case, hoses with a wall thickness of at least 1 mm, preferably of at least 1.5 mm and even more preferably of at least 2 mm and most preferably of at least 2.5 mm are favorable.

Such hoses made of rubber and elastomers are commercially available, even with a fiber reinforcement. This extends the possible service life and increases the usability.

The commercial hoses own

Nominal diameters (Irm diameter) / wall thicknesses / outer diameter in mm of 10 / 3.5 / 17; 03/13/19; 16 / 3,5 / 23; 04/19/27; 25 / 4,5 / 34; 32/5/42; 38 / 6.5 / 51; 45 / 7,5 / 60; 50 / 7.5 / 65

These include, for example, commercially available cooling tubes with nominal diameters in mm of 15; 20; 25; 32; 40; 50; 65 opposite.

After pollution, although reduces the opening width of the cooling tubes. Nevertheless, it can be assumed that the nominal diameter, because before

Position a gun in the cooling tubes first, the scratches in the

Cooling tubes must be pressed and thereby the cooling tubes on a for the Positioning required length will be exempted from the narrowing deposit. As a result, for example, hose sections with the following outer diameters can be directly or indirectly machined

Use the outer jacket for the spreading according to the invention in the tube opening:

Hose outside diameter Pipe nominal width

17 15

19 20

23 20

27 25;

34 32;

42 40

51 50;

65 65:

When selecting the starting material for the described production of hose sections and a sufficient play of movement for the insertion of the gun must be considered in the pipeline. The movement can theoretically be small. Preferably, however, at least one

Movement (here synonymous with a difference to

Inner diameter / nominal diameter of the pipe) of at least 0.5 mm,

preferably at least 1 mm and more preferably at least 1.5 mm and most preferably at least 2 mm.

The tube sections are bulged in the radial direction against the tube inner wall. This happens, for example, by axial compression. Thus, the faces of the tube sections are gently pressurized when compressed, are at the end faces of the

Hose sections preferably provided with a metal cap. The Metal cap can be made of thin sheet, for example, with a thickness of less than or equal to 0.6mm, preferably less than or equal to 0.4mm and even more preferably less than or equal to 0.3mm.

The metal cap preferably covers at least 50%, more preferably at least 70%, and most preferably at least 90% of the associated one

Face of the hose section from.

It is also advantageous if the metal cap comprises the hose section at the associated end with an edge of at least 2 mm, more preferably of at least 4 mm and most preferably of at least 6 mm in the axial direction.

The annular elastic, expandable materials with the above

elongated cross-sections described have no appreciable tendency to roll even under extreme water pressures occurring here.

Deformation of the resilient material may be effected by means of a power piston which presses the resilient material against, for example, a flange / flange fixed to the gun against a flange / flange fixed on the gun, or the elastic material between two flanges movable on the gun. Squeezing strokes or one

Widening of the annular material caused from the inside. Everyone

Stop / flange forms a pressure surface and can be formed by already existing or additional parts.

It is advantageous to provide a movable sleeve with a stop to provide a movable stop or to form the stop by the movable sleeve. The sleeve can at the same time completely or partially Form nozzle and / or form all or part of the water pipe of the gun to the nozzle.

Alternatively, the sleeve may be arranged in whole or in part on the nozzle displaceable and / or be arranged in whole or in part displaceably on the water pipe of the gun.

Preferably, the following execution is provided: the piston in one

Arranged cylinder. The pressure water supply is flanged in the direction of movement of the piston in front of the piston to the cylinder. The piston rod is hollow and serves as a water supply to the nozzle of the gun. The nozzle sits at the end of the piston rod protruding out of the cylinder. The piston rod penetrates the end wall of the cylinder. On the outside sit on the piston rod a movable sleeve. Between sleeve and nozzle are a plurality of axially successively arranged O-rings

intended. The nozzle, the O-rings and the sleeve have one

Outer diameter, which is so much smaller than the inner diameter of the cooling pipes to be cleaned, as a maximum with a pollution of the

Pipe inner surface is to be expected.

A load of the piston with pressurized water causes a movement of the piston and the piston a train on the piston rod, so that the train also acts on the nozzle and the nozzle moves against the O-rings, while the sleeve rests against the end face of the cylinder and can not escape, so that the O-rings deform under magnification of the diameter and press against the pipe inner wall.

In the embodiment variant with the expansion is for expanding the elastic, annular material, for example, a conical or a different inclined extending mandrel suitable, which may also have a sleeve shape and in the central opening of the elastic and preferably in the axial Direction fixed elastic material acts. The expanding mandrel can in turn be weaved with a piston or other mechanism. It also motors can be used. The motors may be pressurized water driven motors or pneumatic driven motors. The control of the motors can be carried out in the same way via the drive medium or via intermediate valves as in the other variants of the invention.

Optionally, the motor is replaced with water or another medium, e.g. operated with compressed air.

When using water, it can be pressurized water that is generated by the same pump that also supplies the water to move the scratches or to flush the cooling tubes.

When using the same water for the movement of the scratches and the operation of the piston valves in the line to the nozzle and in the line to the piston are advantageous, which allow a pressure adjustment. By adjusting the pressure in the nozzle and in the piston, the cleaning operation and the locking of the gun in the cooling tube can be optimized. A good attitude can already be found with a few adjustments.

After knowing a good attitude can also be a lasting

Pressure distribution between nozzle and piston application find.

The use of a valve in the gun is indeed of conventional

Pistols known, including the adjustability of the valve and the on-off function of the valve. Not known, however, is the diversion of

Pressurized water for the piston and the activation of another valve.

Preferably, the diversion of pressurized water for the piston takes place before the valve for regulating the pressure water for the nozzle. As a result, the Regardless of the position of the gun in the cooling tube, be sure that the pressurized water supply to the nozzle is started, interrupted, continued or stopped.

If the valve in the gun lead to the piston can simultaneously assume an on or off position, and if this valve as well as the valve can be locked in the supply line to the nozzle in the desired position, thereby opening up other advantages.

It can be several pistols operated by a cleaning person at the same time. This multiplies the performance of this cleaning person.

It is favorable if the valves are at the same time provided with a pressure limiter. The pressure limiter allows the gun to react automatically when a blockage occurs. Then the pressure limiter on a

Pressure increase respond and bring the valve in the off position, in which the pressure water supply to the nozzle is interrupted. After that, the scratches can be tried by pulsating pressure and / or with a

Pressure increase by valve actuation or valve adjustment to eliminate before the scratch is shaken otherwise or even a cumbersome

Backward movement of the scratch is initiated.

Similarly, the pressure limiter can respond to a pressure drop when a scratch has fallen out of the cooling tube after the cleaning end. With such a pressure drop, the valve in the supply line to the nozzle is also triggered and the pressurized water supply interrupted.

The shaking loose of the scratch can be done with two guns according to the invention, if the valves on both pistols, a valve position

is provided, in which the pressurized water supply is interrupted and in the Water supply to the nozzle is released. Then the second gun can be used on the cooling tube inlet and alternately with the gun on

Cooling tube input can be actuated so that the stuck scratches alternately from the one side and the other side can be acted upon with pressurized water. According to the invention, when the pressure is applied to the one side, a ventilation of the line to the nozzle on the other side is provided.

Optionally, the valve actuation can be electrically / electronically controlled. With a chip, various functions of the valves can be controlled.

The controller can respond to specific operating pressures in front of and behind the valve.

The controller can effect the necessary pressure changes for a shaking operation.

The controller may also respond to the particular operating pressure discussed above, which occurs when the scratches have traversed a cooling tube and exited the cooling tube. Then the controller can respond faster and safer than the operator and set the gun to Off, so that a pressure loss is avoided. This is important when of one

Cleaning person handling several pistols at the same time.

The controller may also include a safety shutdown, which will be effective when a gun has not yet found a sufficient seat in a pipe. Then the gun with a high-pressure jet could pose a danger to the cleaners.

The controller may also visually and / or acoustically and / or by vibration indicate each operating condition. The optical displays can be formed by light-emitting diodes. The vibration through magnets, the acoustic through miniaturized speakers. In addition, with the help of Pressure sensors are measured each operating pressure and processed with the controller. Furthermore, the controller can be linked to displacement sensors. This can be used, among other things, to shut down the gun if the gun does not reach the correct position in a cooling tube.

Commercially available chips are capable of providing the necessary programs

take. The power consumption of these chips is so low that a

Button cell is sufficient. The control can be encapsulated in the gun, staying or apparent. The power source in the form of the button cell or other form is preferably interchangeable and moisture proof in the gun. The moisture protection is by appropriate

Reached sealing rings.

All guns can be supplied with pressurized water by the same pump. Conveniently, a pump system with a pressure vessel arranged between the pump and pistols. As a result, the equalize

Pressure conditions even with irregular demand for pressurized water.

In the variant of the invention, is provided for the operation of the piston compressed air, in addition to the specific nozzle for the pressure water supply to the gun still a compressed air supply to the piston of the gun is provided. The compressed air is generated by a compressor. An advantage is a

Compressed air tank between compressor and guns. This equalizes the pressure conditions and facilitates the connection of different guns.

A further variant of the invention provides that, instead of pistons and rings in the front region, with which the gun projects into a cooling tube, provided an inflatable or inflatable bellows. The bellows simplify the construction effort of the guns. The bellows can like the piston with pressurized water or compressed air are applied and controlled.

Optionally, the guns according to the invention with the expandable region on the input side sit so far in the cooling tubes, that there is a distance from the input-side plate, in which the Kuhlrohr are held together. Optionally, the seat of the guns according to the invention in the cooling tubes is also chosen so that the spreadable range extends beyond the input-side plate of the radiator. The result is a relief of the cooling tube from the spreading pressure, because the spreading pressure is absorbed to a substantial extent by the input-side plate.

With the water pistols according to the invention, the cooling pipes are accessible even in the narrowest space. For example, the pistols can be positioned with a rod or with long tongs. With the rod or extended pliers, the guns can also be operated from some distance.

Furthermore, the invention is based on the recognition that the introduction of scratches considerable trouble.

The scratches are in front of the gun in each case to be cleaned

Pipeline introduced. In this case, the resistance must be overcome, put the deposits in the cooling tube to introduce the scratches. It is common to hit the scratches in the cooling pipes with a mallet. This too is extremely exhausting, because you usually have to work within a tight space. The cleaning person involved in hammering the scratches can not arbitrarily pick out. According to the invention, a substantial relief of the work is achieved by means of a pneumatic chisel or with the aid of a hydraulically operated chisel hammer or with the aid of an electric hammer. Commercially available hammers can be used for this purpose.

As explained above, pressurized water is available due to the described cleaning with scratches and pressurized water. Therefore, there is no need for another source of pressurized water for the hammer. To adapt to the

Operation of the hammer allowable pressure are optional

Provided pressure relief valves.

Compressed air is usually available in large operating systems. Alternatively, compressed air can be easily generated with a portable compressor.

The same applies to electricity for driving an electric hammer. The current is optionally generated by a generator.

On the selected commercial chisel hammer whose chisel is replaced with a special tool for driving in the scratches or converted into a special tool.

The conversion of the chisel takes place in pointed chisels in that a sleeve or a rod is made with a blind hole. The inner diameter of the sleeve and the diameter of the blind hole are adapted to the Spitzmeißeldurchmesser so that they can be mounted on conventional pointed chisels.

Instead of the pointed chisel, other commercially available chisels can be used. These include in particular flat chisel, the at the

Cutting edge are processed so that they fit into a blind hole described above or the pipe opening described above. The conventional bits are hardened or tempered, so that machining is difficult is. Nevertheless, other editing options are available. These include, for example, grinding and spark erosion.

The attachment of the sleeve or rod on the pointed chisel or other machined to this, commercial chisels can be done by bolts.

The sleeve or rod can also be shrunk onto the corresponding bit end.

Preferably, however, the sleeve or rod is glued to the corresponding bit end. For this purpose, various adhesives are suitable. To the

suitable adhesives include, for example, cyanoacrylate adhesives as they are used for screw locking. The cyanoacrylate adhesives are chemically curing adhesives. There are also physically setting adhesives. The right glue can be selected with just a few application attempts.

By combining a sleeve or rod with a conventional chisel, an advantageous tool combination is created, which firstly fulfills the desired function, namely the impressions of the scratches in the tubes, and secondly fulfills the desired function, namely the trouble-free and secure tool imple in the chisel hammer. The second feature is by using the tool holder in the chisel hammer

won corresponding chisel parts.

It is also advantageous if the sleeves or rods are adapted to the scratch side of the shape of the corresponding scratch end. Most scratches are profiled on the contact surface where the scratches are traditionally in

Cooling tubes are beaten. The profiling has different reasons. The invention takes advantage of the profiling to guide the scratches when introduced into the cooling tubes and to prevent tilting. Tilted scratches can easily get stuck. Eliminating such errors causes extreme workload. In addition, the scratches may be unusable after removal of such error.

Also, regardless of the sticking is from the tilting the risk of damage to the scratches. Damaged scratches no longer have the same cleaning effect as undamaged scratches.

Another advantage can be obtained by the

tool according to the invention is given at the projecting end of the chisel hammer a length which is at least equal to the minimum length with which the gun must penetrate into the cooling tubes to drive in the form described above, the scratches through the cooling tubes.

So far, it has been found that the minimum length is not complied with the conventional hammering the scratches.

Optionally, the minimum length is maintained in that the sleeve or rod is given a collar, which with the chisel hammer to rest on

Cooling tube can be brought. The front end of the sleeve or rod in front of the collar then defines the extent to which the scratches have been driven into the tube.

Preferably, the collar is located on the hammer-side sleeve end or rod end.

That a tool according to the invention is able to drive different scratches, which are intended for the same cooling tubes, in these cooling tubes, is in the expectation. In addition, it is already an advantage that the same tool is also suitable for driving scratches in at least one other cooling tube with a larger or smaller nominal size.

It is advantageous if the sleeve or rod at the end, which for

Penetration into the cooling tubes is determined, the smallest occurring Scratch diameter is adjusted so that all other scratches can be driven with the tool according to the invention in the existing cooling tubes.

The invention has also recognized that after the exit of the scratches considerable effort is waiting for the cleaning staff. At the outlet of the cooling pipes, the dissolved deposits and the well-worn scratches accumulate in a heap. The scratches must be separated from the deposits for the following reasons:

because of the subsequent disposal of the deposits

because of the reuse of the scratches

- to clarify whether a scratch from a cooling pipe has not leaked and may even be stuck there.

Depending on the size of the cooler, the amount of deposits accumulated during a cleaning process can be much more than 1 tonne in weight.

In the context of disposal, there is always the question of whether a residue is sorted by type.

The scratches must be painstakingly picked out of the deposits. The wipers wade deeply through deposition and must be raked with his hands in the deposits. At the same time, the search is limited by the cramped spatial conditions at the outlet of the cooling tubes

Many times more difficult.

The tight constrictions at the outlet of the cooling tubes arise from the design of the radiator. The cooling tubes form namely a tube bundle, wherein the various cooling tubes are held upstream and downstream in common plates. The inflowing cooling water must be on the

distribute different cooling pipes. This happens in a low-volume chamber upstream of the cooling tubes. The effluent cooling water is either bundled and discharged in a line or the cooling water is subjected to further cooling in a downstream further cooler. In the case is between the two

Chambers provided a small-volume intermediate chamber or transfer chamber. This chamber has not only structural reasons. An advantage of this chamber and the merging of the cooling water and the subsequent redistribution of the cooling water to the cooling pipes of the downstream cooler include an advantageous mixture of the cooling water.

Also, if no further cooler is downstream, can be found on

Radiator outlet a chamber. Their task is then collecting the effluent cooling water and its derivative.

The upstream chamber of a cooler and the outflow chamber are usually accessible only through small manholes.

According to the invention, a simplification of the cleaning work and a relief is achieved in that the emerging from the cooling tubes together with water and deposits scratches are sieved from the mixture. It is ideal if the extraction can be done before the mixture collects on the bottom of the chamber.

It may be advantageous to make a screening in different heights.

As far as the cooling tubes terminate at a relatively short distance from the container bottom, it may be necessary, the screening in the small distance

make.

According to the invention is optionally provided to screen off the scratches. In this case, the screen can be put together from various stable elements that can be mounted through each manhole in the chamber. at the assembly is preferably left a distance down so that the discharged from the cooling tubes deposits can fall through the sieve. It is also advantageous if between the container wall of the cooler and the sieve a device is provided, with which the fallen down deposits can be removed.

These are for example conveyors that are moved back and forth over the container bottom. The reciprocating motion can be generated, for example, with a rod to which flaps are hinged so that the flaps collapse in one direction of travel and allow the material to lie down and fold out in the other direction of motion and take the material with it.

In a conventional drain at the bottom of the chamber, it is advantageous if the device, starting from the sequence in the one circumferential direction has a different conveying direction than in the other circumferential direction. This is then used to convey from each circumferential direction to the process can. That is, the hinges of the flaps are arranged so that they fold during a movement, which is directed away from the drain, and unfold during a movement, which is directed towards the drain out.

With a round container, the rod can be provided with the same rounding as the container. Then the rod can perform the reciprocating motion in the circumferential direction despite the rounding.

The cleaning of the intermediate chamber of deposits can be supplemented by a slot-shaped drain, which extends as far as possible over the whole or a substantial part of the axial length of the intermediate chamber. If the container of the cooler does not have sufficient drainage, the deposits to be disposed of may even be required up to the manhole, when the device is shunted in the region of the side wall of the container.

The sieve is preferably made of wire mesh on which the from the

Cooling pipes discharged deposits can not find a substantial hold and fall through.

The screen preferably has a mesh size which is smaller than the diameter of the scratches to be collected, preferably less than 0.7 times, more preferably less than 0.5 times the diameter of the scratches to be collected. This is to prevent jamming or settling of the scratches in the sieve.

On the other hand, the mesh size should be as large as possible to one

Falling out of the discharged from the cooling pipes deposits

sure.

The drive of the device can be done by means of conventional Hubmotore. For example, chain drives, spindle drives,

Rack drives as well as crank gear and eccentric gear.

The motors can be driven hydraulically, with compressed air or electrically. Pressurized water is available because of the above-described cleaning with scratches and pressurized water. An adjustment permissible pressures can be done with pressure relief valves.

In the case of large operating systems, compressed air is usually also available, which can optionally be used for the drive. Alternatively, compressed air can be generated with a portable compressor.

The same applies to electricity that can optionally be generated with a portable generator. Preferably, the screening is done with a highly flexible net that can be easily felt through the manholes. The mesh preferably has the same mesh size as the sieve.

The net can be mounted in different ways. Mounting aids can be magnetic strips and / or other mechanical clamps or hooks.

Optionally, the net is also laid out on the tank bottom and raised at intervals to collect the well-worn scratches from the net before the accumulation of deposits on the net is too large to be able to raise the net by hand.

The interim cleaning of the intermediate chamber or the one

Subjacent cooling tube bundle chamber under the sieve or under the network can be omitted in whole or in part, if the chamber volume is increased under the sieve or net, especially if the drain is funnel-shaped expanded. Preferably, a funnel opening is provided which extends at least over 50% of the axial length, even more preferably at least over 70% and most preferably over at least 90% of the axial length. Preferably, the funnel circumferentially extends over a circumferential angle of at least 10 degrees, even more preferably over at least 20 degrees, and most preferably over at least 30 degrees, based on a circumferential angle of 360 degrees for the entire circumference.

The structural measures for the design of the intermediate chamber or the chamber downstream of a cooler are easier to implement in new construction measures than in the case of modification measures.

With an enlargement of the chamber under the sieve / net, the sieve / net can remain at least during the entire cleaning process, if the volume of the chamber under the sieve / net is big enough to all take up discharged deposits. The sieve / net can even be placed permanently in the chamber as it falls through the sieve / net

Deposits from the device described above and / or by the action of the funnel described are sufficiently discharged from the chamber.

In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown.

The cleaning device according to the invention only roughly reminds us of conventional water pistols for cleaning cooling tubes.

In the drawing, a cooling pipe 15 is shown in dashed lines. The cooling tube 15 belongs to a plurality of identical cooling tubes, which are arranged together in a cooler. In this case, the right end in the view of the cooling tube 15 is held with the same ends of the other cooling tubes in a plate, not shown, of the radiator.

The cooling tube 15 is shown shortened in the view.

The left end in the view of the cooling tube 15 is held with the same ends of the other cooling tubes in another plate.

In the exemplary embodiment, the cooling tubes are traversed by water inside and flows around the outside of flue gases of a combustion, not shown. The flue gases emit a significant part of their heat through the cooling pipes to the water.

During the cooling operation, deposits occur in the cooling tubes, which necessitate internal cleaning of the cooling tubes.

For internal cleaning, scratches, not shown, are pressed into the right-hand end of the cooling tube 15, as shown in DE 69507221T2. The scratches are pressed with pressurized water through the cooling tube 15 until the scratches on the left end of the cooling tube 15 from the cooling tube 15th

fall out.

The pressurized water is self-clamping with a in the cooling tube 15

Device in the cooling tube 15 gedmckt. To the self-clamping device includes a cylindrical housing 16 with a pressurized water connection 12, and with a tube 17 which has a Eintrittsöffhung 18 for the pressurized water and extends into the cooling tube 15 to a conical nozzle 9. The nozzle 9 has a larger outer diameter than the tube 17. There is a screw connection of the nozzle 9 is provided with the tube 17, which allows a replacement of the nozzle 9. The replacement is required to change the device

Adjust cooling tubes that have a smaller or larger inner diameter. The parts to be replaced also include O-rings 5 and

Paßhülsen 10 and 19. These parts are also seated on the tube 17. With the Paßhülsen the position of the O-rings and their distance from the housing 16 is fixed. In cooling pipes with low strength, the O-rings 5 can be laid in the region of the input-side plate in which the cooling tubes are held. This plate then absorbs a substantial part of the forces from the clamping of the device in the cooling tube 15.

The tube 17 at the same time forms a piston rod for a displaceably arranged in the cylindrical housing 16 piston 20. The piston 20 in turn has an O-ring which seals the gap between the piston 20 and housing 16.

The housing 16 is closed at the left in the view of the end 3 or with a lid 4. In addition, the piston 20 protrudes with a pin 1 1 through the lid 4 therethrough. To the device according to the invention still includes a control block with a switch 13 and an actuating lever 2, which is hinged to the switch 13 and is supported in the operating state on the pin 1 1.

For a cleaning operation, the device with the nozzle 9 is pushed into the cooling tube 15 until the housing 16 abuts the plate, in which the cooling tube 15 is held on the input side.

Subsequently, the operating lever 2 is brought into the illustrated position, in which a non-illustrated valve is opened and pressurized water flows into the housing 16. In this case, the pressurized water fills the housing interior and penetrates the pressurized water through the opening 18 in the form of a tube piston rod, which directs the pressurized water to the nozzle 9. There, the pressurized water exits from the nozzle 9 into the cooling tube 15.

As soon as a pressure builds up, there is a piston movement in the view to the right towards the lid 4. In this case, the piston rod is moved and the O-rings 5 are compressed between the sleeves 10 and 19. The can deform only due to their arrangement between the sleeves and on the piston rod outside. This causes a spreading of the

Device and a self-clamping of the device in the cooling tube.

Due to the self-clamping, the device according to the invention no longer has to be held by the cleaning staff during operation. This not only relieves the cleaning staff of the heavy physical work. This is especially true for hard to reach cooling tubes.

It also opens up the possibility of parallel operation of several

Devices by a single cleaning person.

In addition, you can work with water pressures that were previously uncontrollable when cleaning the cooling tubes. This applies, for example, for pressures greater than or equal to 30 bar.

In Fig. 2 and 3 shows an elastic rubber ring 31 with a central

Fiber reinforcement. The rubber ring was created by cutting to length a water hose. The rubber ring is instead of the O-rings of Fig. 1, 4 to 6

intended. The rubber ring 31 is seated at the same place on the piston rod designed as a sleeve. From the piston rod, the outer jacket is indicated by dashed lines 33.

The rubber ring 31 has a metal cap 32 at each end.

The sheet metal caps 32 distribute the pressure during axial compression of the

Rubber ring 31 evenly on the end faces of the rubber ring.

Fig. 3 shows the deformation of the rubber ring 31 to the axial

Compression. It can be seen that the rubber ring both bulges outwards and bulges inward. Due to the bulge outward creates a contact pressure on the dashed lines shown inner wall of the cooling tube 30. This causes the desired locking of the gun in the cooling tube.

Fig. 7 shows the situation when inserting a scraper in a cooling tube 139, which is held with other cooling tubes in a plate 140.

In the cooling tube 139 a scratch is to be introduced, of which a

Plastic lips 137 and a mandrel 138 are shown. The plastic lips 137 are formed by a cross-sectionally W-shaped material whose outer edge is slotted on the circumference several times, so that the edge can fold when the scratch is pressed into the cooling tube 139. The plastic lips 137 slide on the cooling tube inner wall. The plastic lips 137 are riveted in the middle of the mandrel 38.

The mandrel 138 carries in a manner not shown various metallic

Tools for cleaning the inner wall of deposits.

In the exemplary embodiment, the scratch by means of a sleeve 134 in the

Cooling tube 139 pressed. The sleeve 134 has a head 136 which is the

Corresponding end of the scratch is adjusted and helps in the centering of the scratch when the scratch penetrates into the cooling tube 139.

The sleeve 134 includes the working end of a pointed chisel 133.

In this case, a cyanoacrylate adhesive 135 is provided between the pointed bit 133 and sleeve 134. The adhesive 135 carries in Ausfüihrungsbeispiel the

Product name locktite and is known as a security against loosening screws.

The pointed chisel 133 sits with its other end in the tool holder 131 of a pneumatic hammer 130. The tool holder engages with a key, not shown, in a groove 132 of the tool end. Of the

Pneumatic hammer 130 pushes the scratch into the cooling tube without significant operator effort.

When the scratch is pressed in, the deposits on the tube end in the cooling tube are removed.

The impressions is completed as soon as the bar 141 of the sleeve 134 reaches the end of the cooling tube 139. In the position it is ensured that the pistol described for Fig. 1 is found there for imports into the pipe end sufficient support for the above-described clamping.

The pneumatic hammer is in the embodiment, a small hammer of 1, 4 kg weight with the name Yokota BRH 6. The mounting hole on the hammer for the chisel has a standard diameter of 10.2mm. The tool according to the invention has hammer side the same dimensions as the otherwise provided chisel. That is, like a 10-piece chisel shaft.

The sleeve 134 in the exemplary embodiment has an outer diameter of 14 mm and thus smaller than the nominal diameter 15 (including occurring

Tolerances) is, so that the sleeve is suitable for most existing cooling tubes.

The collar 141 is, however, determined in diameter larger than the nominal diameter of the cooling tubes, for which the tool

Figures 8 and 9 show a chamber connecting two coolers.

FIG. 8 shows a section of the chamber which connects a downstream cooler with a downstream cooler. The rear radiator has cooling tubes 239 surrounded by a jacket 242 and held together in a plate 231.

Cooling tubes 238, a jacket 237 and a plate 233 are illustrated by the cooler in the direction of flow. Sheath and plate 237 and 233 have the same function as sheath and plate 242 and 231.

Between the two plates 231 and 232, a further jacket 234 is arranged, which are connected by means of flanges 230 and 232 with the projecting edges of the plates 233 and 231. The jacket 234 forms an intermediate chamber or transition chamber between the two coolers.

In operation, cooling water is forced through the lines 238 of the front radiator. At the same time in an unillustrated form Abdampf by the

Cavity pressed, which consists within the shell 237 and the cooling tubes arranged therein. The cooling tubes absorb a portion of the heat containing the exhaust steam and pass the heat to the cooling water flowing through the cooling tubes 238. The exhaust steam accumulates from the operation of a steam operation of a steam turbine with which a generator is driven, which generates electricity.

The exiting from the front radiator in the intermediate chamber cooling water is mixed in the chamber and pressed in a new distribution in the cooling tubes 39 of the downstream cooler.

In the exemplary embodiment takes place at regular intervals, a cleaning of the radiator shown. With intervals, the number of operating hours is meant, in other exemplary embodiments, a cleaning is carried out only after finding a decreasing negative pressure in the cavity of a radiator. Here, the decreasing negative pressure is accompanied by

Regarded deposits in the cooling tubes, which hinder the heat transfer and reduce the efficiency of the radiator.

For cleaning, the cooler is taken out of service. This is usually synonymous with a business interruption of the power plant. The

Interruption can be avoided, however, if the power plant still has a reserve cooling line, can be switched to the.

When decommissioning the cooler not only the steam supply, but also the cooling water supply is switched off. The existing in the coolers cooling water is drained. This is done by drain openings at the lowest of the intermediate chamber. The drain opening is formed by a nozzle 236 and a flange 235. The flange 235 is intended for connection to suitable conduits or hoses.

After draining the cooling water, the cleaning of the cooling tubes 238 described above for FIG. 8 starts from deposits therein. During cleaning, the scratches exit the cooling tubes 238 at a considerable speed. The same applies to the cleaning water. Water and scratches bounce against the opposite plate 231 and fall more or less depressurized down.

The water flows to the drain after contact with the jacket 234.

It also entrains deposits.

The scratches and debris accumulate on a coarse mesh below in the intermediate chamber. Of the network, the contour 240 is shown in dashed lines in Fig. 8.

In FIG. 8, other contours 240 of the network that are still to be considered are shown in dashed lines.

The network is held by magnetic strips 241 and 243 in the illustrated position in the exemplary embodiment.

As soon as a substantial layer of deposits has formed on the network from the cooling tubes, the cleaning process in the exemplary embodiment is interrupted in order to take up the network and free it from the scratches collected therein. Subsequently, in the exemplary embodiment, the deposits lying in the intermediate chamber are pushed into the drain opening. In this case, a slider can be used.

In the exemplary embodiment, the pushing is by a water flush

supported.

In other embodiments, the intermediate chamber is cleaned alone with a water rinse.

After cleaning the intermediate chamber, the net is back in the

Clamped intermediate chamber and the cleaning of the cooling tubes with scratches and continued with water.

Claims

Claims 1.

Internal cleaning of heat exchanger tubes,

scratches or the like by means of pressurized water through the

Heat exchanger tubes are pressed and

wherein the scratches are first introduced into the heat exchanger tubes and then a nozzle is positioned in the heat exchanger tubes, from which the scratches are exposed to the pressurized water,

wherein the nozzle is provided with a water supply line,

wherein a valve and / or a pump for controlling the flow of water is provided

and wherein a spreading mechanism for clamping the device in the heat exchanger tube is provided on the device part projecting into the heat exchanger tube.

Second

Internal cleaning of heat exchanger tubes,

scratches or the like by means of pressurized water through the

Heat exchanger tubes are pressed and

wherein the nozzle is provided with a water supply line, wherein a valve and / or a pump is provided for controlling the inflow of water,

characterized by the use of a pneumatic hammer or a hydraulic hammer or an electric hammer for knocking the scratches into the heat exchanger tubes.

Third

Internal cleaning of heat exchanger tubes,

scratches or the like by means of pressurized water through the

Heat exchanger tubes are pressed and

wherein the nozzle is provided with a water supply line,

wherein a valve and / or a pump is provided for controlling the flow of water,

characterized by the use of a screen or mesh to separate the scratches emerging from the heat exchanger tubes from the scrubbing mud.

4th

Device according to claim 1,

characterized by the use of elastically deformable material as a spreading mechanism.

5th

Device according to claim 4,

characterized by the use of elastic rings with round and / or straight cross-sectional areas and / or corners in the Cross-sectional areas, in particular with an oblong cross section in an axial section.

6th

Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized by a solid cross section or a hollow cross section.

7th

Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized by O-rings, or rings with an oval or rectangular cross-section.

8th.

Device according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized by an elastic material made of rubber or elastomers.

9th

Device according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized by

fiber reinforced elastic material

10th

Device according to one of claims 4 to 9, characterized by a hose section.

1 1.

Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized by a wall thickness of the tube portion of at least 1mm, preferably of at least 1.5mm, more preferably of at least 2mm and most preferably of at least 2.5mm.

12th

Apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, characterized by the use of hoses according to DIN 7341 1 as starting material for the

Tube sections.

13th

Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized by tube starting material with the following outer diameter for tubes with the following Irmendurchmesser / Rohröfmung

Hose outer diameter Pipe opening

17 15

19 20

23 20

27 25:

34 32:

42 40:

51 50:

65 65:

14th

Device according to one of claims 4 to 13, characterized by a clearance between the insertable into the cooling tubes device part and the

Inner tube diameter which is at least 0.5 mm, preferably at least 1 mm, more preferably at least 1.5 mm, and most preferably

at least 2mm.

15th Apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the tube sections can be arched up in the radial direction against the tube inner wall.

16th

Apparatus according to claim 15, characterized by an axial

Compression to the radial bulge.

17th

Device according to one of claims 12 to 16, characterized by machined lateral surfaces of the tube sections.

18th

Device according to one of claims 10 to 17, characterized by sheet metal caps on the end faces of the tube sections.

19th

Apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that the sheet metal caps cover at least 50%, preferably at least 70% and most preferably at least 90% of the associated end face of the hose section.

20th

Device according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the sheet-metal caps comprise the tube sections with an edge of at least 2 mm, preferably at least 4 mm and most preferably at least 6 mm in the axial direction.

21st Device according to one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that the sheet has a thickness of less than or equal to 0.6 mm, preferably less than or equal to 0.4 mm and most preferably less than / equal to 0.3 mm.

22nd

Device according to one of claims 4 to 21, characterized by a power piston for the deformation of the elastic material

23rd

Device according to one of claims 4 to 22, characterized by a motor V erformungsantrieb

24th

Device according to one of claims 4 to 23, characterized by the arrangement of the elastic material between two pressure surfaces, of which at least one of the surfaces is movable, so that the elastic material can undergo a compression by compression.

25th

Device according to one of claims 22 to 24, characterized by the use of a displaceable mandrel for expanding the elastic material.

26th

Device according to one of claims 4 to 25, characterized by

Arrangement of an inflatable or inflatable bellows on the in the

Cooling tube projecting device part.

27th Device according to one of claims 4 to 26, characterized by the use of the same pressurized water for the piston actuation or the same pressurized water for the motor deformation drive or the like

Pressurized water for the inflatable bellows as well as for the cleaning of the

Heat exchanger tube.

28th

Apparatus according to claim 26 or 27, characterized by the use of separate pressurized water for the piston actuation or separate pressurized water for the motor deformation drive or separate pressurized water for the inflatable bellows opposite to the pressure water provided for the cleaning of the heat exchanger tube.

29th

Apparatus according to claim 4 to 28, characterized by a common source of pressurized water for the cleaning water and the clamping pressure water serving, but the arrangement of independently operable valves before the water inlet into the heat exchanger tube and before the piston or the

Deformation drive or before the inflatable bellows.

30th

Device according to one of claims 4 to 26, characterized by the use of compressed air for the piston actuation or the motor deformation drive or the inflatable bellows.

31st

Device according to one of claims 4 to 30, characterized by the use of valves with a pressure limiter and a Switch connection of the pressure limiter with the shut-off for the pressurized water supply.

32nd

Device according to one of claims 4 to 31, characterized by a Rüttelschaltung.

33rd

Device according to one of claims 4 to 32, characterized by

Replacement parts on the projecting into the cooling tubes part of the device for adaptation to different inner diameter.

34th

Apparatus according to claim 31, characterized by a replaceable nozzle, in which in the heat exchanger tube projecting device part,

in particular with a screw connection

35th

Device according to one of claims 4 to 34, characterized by sleeves for adjusting the distance of the elastic material from the entrance of the heat exchanger tube.

36th

Apparatus according to claim 35, characterized in that at least one sleeve with the annular elastic material on the in the

Heat exchanger tube protruding device part are arranged.

37th

Apparatus according to claim 34, characterized by interchangeable sleeves.

38th

Device according to one of claims 4 to 37, characterized in that the piston has a tubular piston rod, which at the same time completely or partially forms the water supply line to the nozzle.

39th

Device according to one of claims 4 to 38, characterized by a piston housing with a pressurized water connection on the housing jacket in the region of the wholly or partially formed as a water supply to the nozzle

Piston rod and through an opening in the piston rod, which connects the pressurized water housing interior with the pipe interior of the piston rod.

40th

Device according to one of claims 4 to 39, characterized by a device designed as a gun for the water supply, in particular by a gun with a plurality of switches and / or valves.

41st

Device according to one of claims 4 to 39, characterized by

Pressure sensors on the water-supplying device.

42nd

Device according to one of claims 4 to 41, characterized by

Displacement sensors on the water-supplying device for the position measurement of the water-supplying device in the Wälrmetauscherrohr.

43rd Device according to one of Claims 4 to 43, characterized by a control in which the various sensors and switches of the

water supplying device

linked together.

44th

Apparatus according to claim 41, characterized in that the controller responds to the pressure drop as the scratches exit and shuts off the gun.

45th

Device according to one of claims 41 to 44, characterized in that the controller responds to lack of pressure build-up in case of insufficient seating in the cooling tube and shuts off the gun.

46th

Device according to one of claims 41 to 45, characterized by a pressure changeover circuit of the controller for a loose shaking stuck scratches.

47th

Cleaning according to claim 2, characterized by the use of

Tools adapted to one end of the bit receptacle of the hammer and adapted to the other end of the corresponding end of the scraper.

48th

Cleaning according to claim 2 or 47, characterized by the use of a tool which is provided at a distance from the scratch-side end with a collar, wherein the distance is at least equal to the minimum dimension for the insertion of the scratches.

49th

Cleaning according to one of claims 2, 47, 48, characterized by

Using a hammer with a mount for a 10's

Tool shank and with a collar diameter which is larger than the nominal size of the largest cooling tube, for which the tool is intended.

50th

Cleaning according to one of claims 2 and 47 to 49, characterized by the use of a commercial chisel, the scratch side is surrounded by a sleeve or sitting in the blind hole of a rod.

51st

Cleaning according to claim 50, characterized by a gluing of the bit with the sleeve or the rod.

52nd

Cleaning according to claim 50 or 51, characterized by the use of a sleeve or rod with an external diameter smaller than the nominal diameter 15 mm of a cooling tube.

53rd

Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by the use of a sieve or net which can be mounted before the internal cleaning and then dismantled,

54th Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by the permanent mounting of a screen or net and discharging the falling through the sieve or net deposits from the part of the chamber.

55th

Device according to one of claims 3,53,54, characterized by a sieve of wires.

56th

Device according to one of claims 3 and 53 to 55, characterized

characterized in that the sieve or net has a mesh size which is smaller than the diameter of the scratches, preferably less than 0.7 times the diameter of the scratches, even more preferably less than 0.5 times the diameter of the scratches.

57th

Device according to one of claims 3 and 53 to 56, characterized

characterized in that the sieve is composed of several elements.

58th

Device according to one of claims 3 and 53 to 57, characterized

characterized in that under the sieve or net a conveyor

is provided, the conveying direction is directed against the provided there drain.

59th

Device according to one of claims 3 and 53 to 58, characterized by at least one longitudinally movable rod with movable flaps, which collapse counter to the conveying direction during a bar movement and fold out during a movement in the conveying direction

60th

Device according to one of claims 3 and 53 to 59, characterized by a clamping of the net or hook for the suspension of the net.

61st

Apparatus according to claims 3 and 53 to 60, characterized by

Magnetic strips for fastening the net.

62nd

Device according to one of claims 4 and 53 to 61, characterized by a funnel-shaped drain at the bottom of the chamber.

63rd

Apparatus according to claim 62, characterized in that the funnel extends in the axial direction of the chamber at least over 50% of the chamber length, preferably over at least 70% of the chamber length and most preferably over at least 90% of the chamber length.

64th

Apparatus according to claim 62 or 63, characterized in that the funnel extends in the circumferential direction of the chamber over a circumferential angle of at least 10 degrees, preferably at least 20 degrees and most preferably at least 30 degrees, with respect to a

Total volume diaper of 360 degrees.