EP2522819B1 - Fixing of a bearing axial disc in a turbo engine with magnetic bearings by means of a shrink disc connection - Google Patents
Fixing of a bearing axial disc in a turbo engine with magnetic bearings by means of a shrink disc connection Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2522819B1 EP2522819B1 EP12165487.5A EP12165487A EP2522819B1 EP 2522819 B1 EP2522819 B1 EP 2522819B1 EP 12165487 A EP12165487 A EP 12165487A EP 2522819 B1 EP2522819 B1 EP 2522819B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ring element
- ring
- shaft
- stator
- axial
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title description 11
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- ORQBXQOJMQIAOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nobelium Chemical compound [No] ORQBXQOJMQIAOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002889 diamagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
- F01D25/166—Sliding contact bearing
- F01D25/168—Sliding contact bearing for axial load mainly
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
- F01D5/06—Rotors for more than one axial stage, e.g. of drum or multiple disc type; Details thereof, e.g. shafts, shaft connections
- F01D5/066—Connecting means for joining rotor-discs or rotor-elements together, e.g. by a central bolt, by clamps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/06—Arrangements of bearings; Lubricating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
- F04D29/046—Bearings
- F04D29/048—Bearings magnetic; electromagnetic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/056—Bearings
- F04D29/058—Bearings magnetic; electromagnetic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
- F16C32/0468—Details of the magnetic circuit of moving parts of the magnetic circuit, e.g. of the rotor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0474—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement
- F16C32/0476—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement with active support of one degree of freedom, e.g. axial magnetic bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/50—Bearings
- F05D2240/51—Magnetic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/50—Bearings
- F05D2240/51—Magnetic
- F05D2240/515—Electromagnetic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2226/00—Joining parts; Fastening; Assembling or mounting parts
- F16C2226/10—Force connections, e.g. clamping
- F16C2226/16—Force connections, e.g. clamping by wedge action, e.g. by tapered or conical parts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
- F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
- F16D1/08—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key
- F16D1/09—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with radial clamping due to axial loading of at least one pair of conical surfaces
- F16D1/093—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with radial clamping due to axial loading of at least one pair of conical surfaces using one or more elastic segmented conical rings forming at least one of the conical surfaces, the rings being expanded or contracted to effect clamping
- F16D1/095—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with radial clamping due to axial loading of at least one pair of conical surfaces using one or more elastic segmented conical rings forming at least one of the conical surfaces, the rings being expanded or contracted to effect clamping with clamping effected by ring contraction only
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a turbomachine and a method for producing a press connection between a first ring element and a shaft of a turbomachine.
- Various press connections are well known.
- the DE 2847910 B1 a similar device for fastening a hub with a hub shoulder on a shaft.
- the clamping force which is necessary for fastening the hub with a hub shoulder on the shaft, is achieved by axially displacing or screwing two compression rings, which in turn are mounted on two further compression rings.
- rotor blades are arranged on a rotatable shaft, against which a flow medium flows.
- the shaft of a turbo machine is rotatably supported by axial and radial bearings in a bearing housing of the turbo machine.
- Magnetic bearings can be designed as passive magnetic bearings.
- diamagnetic materials are used in passive magnetic bearings.
- the bearing force is generated by adjustable electromagnets. The electromagnets can be controlled to generate a desired magnetic force that holds the shaft in a predetermined radial and / or axial position.
- the shaft has an axial bearing disk which can be rotated in a predetermined manner between two stator elements which are fastened to the bearing housing Position is held.
- the axial bearing disk is usually formed integrally when the shaft is manufactured. For example, the axial bearing disk is turned out of the base body of the shaft by turning or milling.
- the axial bearing washer directly onto the shaft.
- shrinking the principle of thermal expansion of both elements, the shaft and the axial bearing washer, is used.
- the axial bearing disk When assembling the axial bearing disk, it is heated, for example, and pushed onto the shaft in the heated state. After the axial bearing disk has cooled down, it shrinks so that a press fit of the axial bearing disk is created on the shaft.
- stator elements of an active magnetic bearing have coils to generate the electromagnetic forces. In order to disrupt the electromagnetic flow as little as possible, the stator elements should not have any axial partial areas. The stator elements then each form a closed stator ring. When the shaft is in the assembled state, the axial bearing washer is located between two such stator rings.
- stator rings If one of the stator rings has to be dismantled, for example due to a defect, it is inevitable to pull the axial bearing disk off the shaft in order to reach and replace the defective stator ring. If the axial bearing washer is molded in one piece with the shaft, the entire shaft must be removed. If the axial bearing disk is shrunk onto the shaft, it may be sufficient to dismantle the axial bearing disk, and it is very difficult to loosen the press fit of the shrunk-on axial bearing disk.
- the object is achieved with a turbo machine and with a method for producing a press connection between a first ring element and a shaft of a turbo machine according to the independent claims.
- a fluid energy machine is referred to as a fluid-flow machine, in which the energy transfer between the fluid and the machine takes place through a flow according to the laws of fluid dynamics.
- the energy is transferred to rotating rotor blades, which are arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on the rotatable shaft.
- the turbo machine is a compressor, the rotatable shaft is driven and the rotor blades compress the fluid flowing through the rotor blades.
- the turbomachine is a turbine, an energy-rich fluid flows against the rotor blades and drives them and thus the rotatable shaft.
- a turbo machine can, for example, be a turbo compressor, be a gas turbine, a steam turbine, a jet engine or another turbine or a compressor of axial or radial design.
- the shaft of the turbo machine is mounted rotatably with respect to the housing, in particular a bearing housing, of the turbo machine.
- the shaft of the turbo machine has the axis of rotation.
- a direction parallel to the axis of rotation is defined as the axial direction of the shaft.
- a direction which runs through the center point of the shaft and is oriented perpendicular to the axis of rotation is referred to as the radial direction of the shaft and the turbomachine.
- the term “element” is understood to mean components which can be fastened to the shaft of the turbomachine in a rotationally fixed manner.
- the element can be, for example, a rotor blade, a rotor blade carrier, a bearing ring or a bearing washer.
- the element has the through opening through which the shaft can be pushed until the element reaches its predetermined position on the shaft in the axial direction.
- the first ring element is, for example, a clamping ring or a clamping ring.
- the ring element designed as a clamping ring, can for example have a gap in the circumferential direction in order to reduce its inner diameter and thus have an open ring-shaped profile shape with two free ends along the circumferential direction.
- the first ring element can be a closed ring, wherein the first ring element can be designed to be deformable, for example elastically deformable, in order to reduce its diameter when the radial clamping force is exerted.
- the second ring element is formed with an inner diameter so that the second ring element over the first ring element can be pushed and can be attached to the outer surface of the first ring element.
- the first outer surface of the first ring element tapers between the first end and the axially opposite end.
- a surface profile is described along a first direction, which runs parallel to the axis of rotation, which does not run parallel to the axis of rotation along the first direction.
- the first outer surface has, for example, a first distance from the axis of rotation.
- the first outer surface has, for example, a second distance from the axis of rotation. If the first outer surface tapers conically along the first direction, the first distance between the first outer surface and the axis of rotation is greater than the second distance.
- the first ring element has a wedge-shaped profile.
- a line which runs in the axial direction along the first outer surface has an angle greater than 0 ° degrees and less than 90 ° degrees to the axis of rotation.
- the tapered inner surface of the second ring element is described.
- the second inner surface of the second ring element tapers to complement the first outer surface.
- a line which runs along the second inner surface from one axial end to an opposite axial end of the second ring element has the same angle to the axis of rotation as the line which runs on the first outer surface from an axial first end of the first ring element extends along the first direction to the opposite second end of the first ring element.
- the first ring element and the second ring element form a shrink disk connection. If the second outer ring element is pushed onto the first inner ring element counter to the first direction, the first ring element is braced and the second ring element due to their mutually complementary conical contact surfaces (first outer surface and second inner surface). The second ring element can be pushed onto the first ring element generally along an axial direction.
- the applied axial clamping force generates a radial clamping force via the conically tapering contact surfaces of the first ring element and the second ring element. This radial clamping force causes a reduction in the inner diameter of the first ring element. This creates the press connection between the first ring element and the shaft.
- the axial clamping force is reduced and the second ring element is separated from the first ring element. Because of the conically complementary contact surfaces of the first ring element and the second ring element, easy detachment of the first ring element and the second ring element is possible.
- the press connection by means of the first ring element and the second ring element can be carried out repeatably.
- the element can, for example, rest against an axial end of the first ring element and thus be fixed, so that if the press connection exists between the first ring element and the shaft, an axial displacement of the element beyond the first ring element is prevented. Furthermore, the element can be arranged with a fastening region between the first inner surface and a shaft surface of the shaft, so that when the press connection exists, the fastening region is clamped between the first ring element and the shaft. This also fixes the element on the shaft.
- the element is detachably fixed in a simple manner on the rotatable shaft of the turbomachine. Due to the fact that the shrink disk connection can be easily released by reducing or canceling the axial clamping force and releasing the second Ring element from the first ring element, the element can be quickly detached from the shaft, so that components of the turbomachine which are difficult to reach and which are covered by the element are accessible. Complicated dismantling of the entire shaft is not necessary. Furthermore, the components covered by the element do not have to be formed in several parts in order, for example, to be detachable without dismantling the element.
- the element is a bearing washer.
- the bearing disk can be mounted, for example, between two ball bearings which are fastened to a housing of the turbomachine. Axial and radial mounting of the shaft are possible, for example, by means of the bearing washer.
- the turbomachine has a magnetic bearing.
- the turbomachine has a first stator ring for generating an electromagnetic bearing force.
- the first stator ring has a first opening which is larger than the shaft, so that the shaft is arranged without contact with the first stator ring.
- the first stator ring is arranged such that a constant axial distance or a constant radial distance from the bearing disk can be maintained by means of the electromagnetic bearing force.
- the stator ring is attached, for example, to the housing of the turbomachine.
- the turbomachine has a second stator ring for generating a further electromagnetic bearing force.
- the second stator ring has a second opening which is larger than the shaft, so that the shaft is free of contact with the second stator ring is arranged.
- the second stator ring is arranged such that the bearing disk lies between the first stator ring and the second stator ring and that another constant axial distance or another constant radial distance between the second stator ring and the bearing disk can be maintained by means of the further electromagnetic bearing force.
- the first stator ring and the second stator ring each have coils which are arranged in the circumferential direction of the shaft.
- the first stator ring and / or the second stator ring can generate a constant electromagnetic force over the entire circumference around the shaft and thus keep a radial or axial distance between the respective stator ring and the bearing washer constant. This enables contactless mounting of the bearing washer and thus of the shaft.
- stator ring which is arranged axially further inside the turbo machine is often blocked in the axial direction by the bearing washer, it is difficult to remove this blocked stator ring with conventional fastening methods of the bearing washer on the shaft.
- the entire shaft has to be dismantled or the stator ring has to be designed in two parts, i.e. with one division.
- Such a division of the stator rings disturbs the electromagnetic field, so that the electromagnetic bearing force is disturbed.
- the present simpler fastening of the element or the bearing washer by means of the shrink disk connection, which is formed by the first and second ring element the first and second ring element can be released in a simple manner and thus the bearing washer can also be easily removed so that the locked stator ring is accessible.
- the first ring element rests (directly) with the first inner surface on a surface of the shaft.
- the press connection thus takes place exclusively between the first ring element and the shaft.
- no pressing force is exerted on the element itself. If the element is in contact with the first ring element, the above-described embodiment can prevent the element from slipping in the axial direction and thus fix the element on the shaft.
- the element has a fastening section.
- the fastening section is arranged between the first inner surface of the first ring element and the shaft, so that by moving the second ring element relative to the first ring element, the first ring element experiences a radial tensioning force and thus creates a press connection between the first ring element, the fastening section and the shaft will.
- the fastening section forms, for example, a flange-shaped extension in the axial direction of the element.
- the fastening section can thus, for example, be tubular, wherein the inside diameter of the fastening section can correspond to the outside diameter of the shaft at the predetermined position.
- the fastening section also has a radially outer surface on which the first inner surface of the first ring element rests. When the radial clamping force is exerted on the second ring element, its diameter is reduced, so that the radial clamping force is also transmitted to the fastening section.
- the fastening section is set up in such a way that when the radial clamping force is exerted, its inside diameter is also reduced, so that the press connection with the shaft can be produced.
- the fastening section is designed in such a way that when the radial clamping force is exerted, it is deformable (in particular elastically deformable) so that the press connection can be produced.
- the fastening section can also have a gap in the circumferential direction have in order to produce a better deformability of the fastening portion.
- the turbomachine also has a (releasable) tensioning element for axially displacing the second ring element relative to the first ring element.
- the tensioning element can be arranged in such a way that, against the first direction, an axial tensioning force for tensioning the second ring element on the first ring element can be set in order to produce a releasable press connection between the first ring element and the shaft.
- the clamping element can, for example, have a detachable clamping jaw or a detachable screw.
- a screw connection can be created between the second ring element and the element. If the screw is tightened, the second ring element pushes in the direction of the element, in particular against the first direction, so that the second element is clamped onto the first ring element and the radial clamping force is generated as a result. The size of the radial clamping force can be adjusted via the torque of the screw by means of the screw. Furthermore, a screw connection enables the press connection to be released easily.
- the turbomachine also has a further first ring element and a further second ring element.
- the further first ring element is formed with a further first inner surface in the radial direction and a further first outer surface in the radial direction.
- the further second ring element is formed with a further second inner surface in the radial direction.
- the further first ring element is arranged with the further first inner surface on the shaft and the element is fixed at a predetermined position on the shaft by means of the further first ring element.
- the further second ring element is arranged with the second inner surface in contact with the further first outer surface of the further first ring element.
- the element is arranged between the first ring element and the second ring element on the one hand and the further first ring element and the second ring element on the other hand on the shaft.
- the further first outer surface tapers conically from a first axial end of the further first outer surface to a second axially opposite axial end of the further first outer surface and the further second inner surface tapers complementarily to the further first outer surface, that by means of displacement of the further second ring element, relative to the further first ring element, the further first ring element experiences a further radial tensioning force, so that a press connection can be produced between the further first ring element and the shaft.
- the further first ring element and the further second ring element can have the same features and the same structure as the first ring element and the second ring element.
- the conically running surfaces of the first and second ring elements are opposite to the conical courses of the surfaces of the further first ring elements and further second ring elements.
- the first ring element rests against a first axial end of the element and the further first ring element rests against an opposite end of the element, so that an axial displacement of the element due to the two first ring elements is prevented.
- a turbo machine is created in which the (axial) bearing washer of magnetically mounted (for example turbo-machine) shafts is fastened to the shaft by means of the shrink disk connection described above, consisting of the first ring element and the second ring element to achieve a simple assembly and disassembly of the bearing washer.
- the (axial) bearing washer of magnetically mounted (for example turbo-machine) shafts is fastened to the shaft by means of the shrink disk connection described above, consisting of the first ring element and the second ring element to achieve a simple assembly and disassembly of the bearing washer.
- the figure shows a schematic representation of part of a turbomachine, in which an element is fixed by means of a shrink disk connection on the shaft, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- the figure shows a turbomachine 100, which has a housing or a bearing housing 113, in particular an axial bearing housing, and a shaft 101 rotatably mounted therein about an axis of rotation 106. Furthermore, the turbomachine 100 has an element 102 with a through opening, the shaft 101 protruding through the through opening and the element 102 being arranged at a predetermined position on the shaft 101.
- the element 102 is, for example, a bearing washer.
- the turbomachine 100 also has a first ring element 121 and a second ring element 122.
- the first ring element 121 is formed with a first inner surface in the radial direction 105 and a first outer surface in the radial direction 105.
- the second ring element 122 is formed with a second inner surface in the radial direction 105.
- the first ring element 121 is fastened to the shaft 101 with the first inner surface.
- the first ring element 121 is designed such that the element 102 can be fixed in a predetermined position on the shaft 101 by means of the first ring element 121. In FIG. 1, the first ring element 121 is designed in such a way that the element 102 cannot, for example, exert any axial or radial movement with respect to the first ring element 121.
- the second ring element 122 is arranged with the second inner surface in contact with the first outer surface of the first ring element 121.
- the first outer surface tapers conically along a first direction 109, which runs parallel to the axis of rotation 106, and the second inner surface tapers along the first direction 109 and complementary to the first outer surface in such a way that by moving or tensioning the second ring element 122 against the first direction 109 on the ring element 121, the first ring element 121 experiences a radial tensioning force.
- the inner diameter of the first ring element 121 is reduced, so that a press connection can be produced between the first ring element 121 and the shaft 101.
- the element 102, the first ring element 121, the second ring element 122 and the element 102 are shown in a sectional plane (see hatched areas).
- the conical courses of the first outer surface and the second inner surface are shown in the section plane.
- the first outer surface and the second inner surface due to their complementary conical shape tapered training a wedge shape in the cross-sectional plane.
- the second inner surface is complementary to the first outer surface in such a way that there is a contact surface between the second inner surface and the first outer surface.
- a line which runs within the cross-sectional plane and which runs on the first outer surface and on the second inner surface is at an angle to the axis of rotation and is therefore not parallel to the axis of rotation.
- the element 102 over the first ring element 121 is prevented because the first ring element 121 (with its outer diameter) is larger than an inner diameter of the element 102.
- the element On the axial end of the element opposite in the axial direction and opposite to the first direction 109 102, the element may be in contact with a shaft shoulder 110. This prevents the element 102 from being displaced further counter to the first direction 109.
- a further first ring element 124 and a further second ring element 125 can be arranged in order to prevent the element 102 from being displaced counter to the first direction 109.
- the further first ring element 124 and the further second ring element 125 can correspondingly have the features and configurations of the first ring element 121 and the second ring element 122.
- the further first outer surface of the further first ring element 124 and the further second inner surface of the further second ring element 125 tapered opposite to the first ring element 122 and the second ring element 122.
- the element 102 can have a fastening section 107 and a further fastening section 108.
- the fastening sections 107, 108 are each arranged between the shaft 101 and the respective first ring element 121, 124.
- the fastening sections 107, 108 have an extension of the element 102 that is tubular in the axial direction.
- the turbomachine 100 has one or more releasable tensioning elements 123.
- the releasable clamping element 123 is a screw.
- the second ring element 122 and the element 101 each have a bore in the axial direction.
- the screw as a releasable tensioning element 123 can be screwed between the second ring element 122 and the element 102 in such a way that an axial tensioning force is generated by screwing in the screw, so that the second ring element 122 is pushed onto the first ring element 121 against the first direction 109, so that the radial clamping force is generated.
- the further second ring element 125 can furthermore have a bore (in particular a threaded bore), the bores in the second ring element 122, the element 102 and the further second ring element 125 being formed coaxially.
- a screw can thus act as a tensioning element 123 for the second ring element 122, the element 101 and the further second ring element 125 connect and exert an axial clamping force on the second ring element 122 and the further second ring element 125 by means of screwing.
- the screw pulls the second ring element 122 and the further second ring element 125 together axially, so that the radial clamping force of the first ring element 121 and the further radial clamping force of the further first ring element 124 are generated at the same time.
- the press connection can thus be quickly established in a simple manner. By loosening the screw, the press connection produced can be loosened in a simple manner, so that the element 102 can be dismantled quickly.
- the figure also shows a first stator ring 103 and a second stator ring 104.
- the element 102 which is designed as a bearing disk in FIG. 1
- the stator rings 103, 104 generate an electromagnetic field which keep the axial distance between the element 102 and the respective stator ring 103, 104 constant, so that contactless mounting is made possible.
- the stator rings 103, 104 can be attached to the bearing housing 113, which is formed with a bearing housing upper part 111 and a bearing housing lower part 112 on the turbine.
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Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Strömungsmaschine und ein Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Pressverbindung zwischen einem ersten Ringelement und einer Welle einer Strömungsmaschine. Verschiedene Pressverbindungen sind allgemein bekannt. So zeigt beispielsweise die
In Strömungsmaschinen, wie beispielsweise in einem Turboverdichter oder in einer Turbine, werden auf einer drehbaren Welle Rotorblätter angeordnet, welche von einem Strömungsmedium angeströmt werden. Die Welle einer Strömungsmaschine wird mit Axial- und Radiallagern in einem Lagergehäuse der Strömungsmaschine drehbar gelagert.In flow machines, such as in a turbo compressor or in a turbine, rotor blades are arranged on a rotatable shaft, against which a flow medium flows. The shaft of a turbo machine is rotatably supported by axial and radial bearings in a bearing housing of the turbo machine.
Zur Lagerung der Welle in dem Lagergehäuse werden in herkömmlichen Lagern beispielsweise Gleitlager eingesetzt. Ferner werden Magnetlager eingesetzt, mit welchen eine reibungslose drehbare Lagerung der Welle möglich ist. Aufgrund von Magnetkräften wird die Welle dabei in einer vorbestimmten axialen und/oder radialen Position drehbar gelagert. Magnetlager können als passive Magnetlager ausgebildet werden. Bei passiven Magnetlagern werden beispielsweise diamagnetische Materialien verwendet. Bei aktiven Magnetlagern wird die Lagerkraft durch einstellbare Elektromagneten erzeugt. Die Elektromagneten können gesteuert werden, um eine gewünschte Magnetkraft zu erzeugen, die die Welle in einer vorbestimmten radialen und/oder axialen Position halten.To support the shaft in the bearing housing, plain bearings, for example, are used in conventional bearings. Furthermore, magnetic bearings are used, with which a smooth rotatable mounting of the shaft is possible. Due to magnetic forces, the shaft is rotatably mounted in a predetermined axial and / or radial position. Magnetic bearings can be designed as passive magnetic bearings. For example, diamagnetic materials are used in passive magnetic bearings. With active magnetic bearings, the bearing force is generated by adjustable electromagnets. The electromagnets can be controlled to generate a desired magnetic force that holds the shaft in a predetermined radial and / or axial position.
Bei aktiven Magnetlagern weist die Welle eine Axiallagerscheibe auf, welche zwischen zwei Statorelementen, welche an dem Lagergehäuse befestigt sind, drehbar in einer vorbestimmten Position gehalten wird. Die Axiallagerscheibe wird üblicherweise integral bereits bei Herstellung der Welle ausgebildet. So wird beispielsweise die Axiallagerscheibe mittels Drehens oder Fräsens aus dem Grundkörper der Welle gedreht.In the case of active magnetic bearings, the shaft has an axial bearing disk which can be rotated in a predetermined manner between two stator elements which are fastened to the bearing housing Position is held. The axial bearing disk is usually formed integrally when the shaft is manufactured. For example, the axial bearing disk is turned out of the base body of the shaft by turning or milling.
Alternativ hierzu ist es möglich, die Axiallagerscheibe direkt auf die Welle aufzuschrumpfen. Beim Aufschrumpfen wird das Prinzip der Wärmeausdehnung beider Elemente, der Welle und der Axiallagerscheibe, genutzt. Bei Montage der Axiallagerscheibe wird diese beispielsweise erwärmt und in dem erwärmten Zustand auf die Welle aufgeschoben. Nach Abkühlen der Axiallagerscheibe schrumpft diese zusammen, so dass ein Presssitz der Axiallagerscheibe auf der Welle erzeugt wird.Alternatively, it is possible to shrink the axial bearing washer directly onto the shaft. When shrinking, the principle of thermal expansion of both elements, the shaft and the axial bearing washer, is used. When assembling the axial bearing disk, it is heated, for example, and pushed onto the shaft in the heated state. After the axial bearing disk has cooled down, it shrinks so that a press fit of the axial bearing disk is created on the shaft.
Die Statorelemente eines aktiven Magnetlagers weisen Spulen auf, um die elektromagnetischen Kräfte zu erzeugen. Um den elektromagnetischen Fluss möglichst wenig zu stören, sollen die Statorelemente möglichst keine axialen Teilflächen aufweisen. Die Statorelemente bilden dann jeweils einen geschlossenen Statorring. Zwischen zwei solcher Statorringe befindet sich im montierten Zustand der Welle die Axiallagerscheibe.The stator elements of an active magnetic bearing have coils to generate the electromagnetic forces. In order to disrupt the electromagnetic flow as little as possible, the stator elements should not have any axial partial areas. The stator elements then each form a closed stator ring. When the shaft is in the assembled state, the axial bearing washer is located between two such stator rings.
Falls einer der Statorringe, beispielsweise aufgrund eines Defekts, demontiert werden muss, ist es zwangsläufig notwendig, die Axiallagerscheibe von der Welle abzuziehen, um den defekten Statorring zu erreichen und auszutauschen. Wird die Axiallagerscheibe einstückig mit der Welle geformt, muss die gesamte Welle ausgebaut werden. Wird die Axiallagerscheibe auf die Welle aufgeschrumpft, kann es genügen die Axiallagerscheibe zu demontieren, wobei es sehr aufwendig ist, den Presssitz der aufgeschrumpften Axiallagerscheibe zu lösen.If one of the stator rings has to be dismantled, for example due to a defect, it is inevitable to pull the axial bearing disk off the shaft in order to reach and replace the defective stator ring. If the axial bearing washer is molded in one piece with the shaft, the entire shaft must be removed. If the axial bearing disk is shrunk onto the shaft, it may be sufficient to dismantle the axial bearing disk, and it is very difficult to loosen the press fit of the shrunk-on axial bearing disk.
Es ist eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine einfache und lösbare Befestigungsmöglichkeit eines mit einer Welle drehbar befestigten Elements für eine Strömungsmaschine bereitzustellen.It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple and releasable possibility of fastening one with a shaft provide rotatably mounted element for a turbo machine.
Die Aufgabe wird mit einer Strömungsmaschine und mit einem Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Pressverbindung zwischen einem ersten Ringelement und einer Welle einer Strömungsmaschine gemäß den unabhängigen Ansprüchen gelöst.The object is achieved with a turbo machine and with a method for producing a press connection between a first ring element and a shaft of a turbo machine according to the independent claims.
Gemäß eines ersten Aspekts der vorliegenden Erfindung wird eine Strömungsmaschine mit den Merkmalen gemäß Anspruch 1 beschrieben.According to a first aspect of the present invention, a turbo machine having the features according to claim 1 is described.
Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung wird ein Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Pressverbindung zwischen einem ersten Ringelement und einer Welle einer Strömungsmaschine mit den Merkmalen gemäß Anspruch 8 beschrieben.According to a further aspect of the present invention, a method for producing a press connection between a first ring element and a shaft of a turbo machine having the features according to claim 8 is described.
Als Strömungsmaschine wird im Rahmen der vorliegenden Anmeldung eine Fluidenergiemaschine bezeichnet, bei der die Energieübertragung zwischen Fluid und Maschine durch eine Strömung nach den Gesetzen der Fluiddynamik erfolgt. Die Energieübertragung erfolgt an rotierenden Rotorblättern, welche drehfest auf der drehbaren Welle angeordnet sind. Ist die Strömungsmaschine ein Verdichter, so wird die drehbare Welle angetrieben und die Rotorblätter verdichten das an den Rotorblättern durchströmende Fluid. Ist die Strömungsmaschine eine Turbine, so strömt ein energiereiches Fluid gegen die Rotorblätter und treibt diese und somit die drehbare Welle an. Eine Strömungsmaschine kann beispielsweise ein Turboverdichter, eine Gasturbine, eine Dampfturbine, ein Strahltriebwerk oder eine andere Turbine oder ein Verdichter in axialer oder radialer Bauart sein.In the context of the present application, a fluid energy machine is referred to as a fluid-flow machine, in which the energy transfer between the fluid and the machine takes place through a flow according to the laws of fluid dynamics. The energy is transferred to rotating rotor blades, which are arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on the rotatable shaft. If the turbo machine is a compressor, the rotatable shaft is driven and the rotor blades compress the fluid flowing through the rotor blades. If the turbomachine is a turbine, an energy-rich fluid flows against the rotor blades and drives them and thus the rotatable shaft. A turbo machine can, for example, be a turbo compressor, be a gas turbine, a steam turbine, a jet engine or another turbine or a compressor of axial or radial design.
Die Welle der Strömungsmaschine ist drehbar bezüglich des Gehäuses, insbesondere eines Lagergehäuses, der Strömungsmaschine gelagert. Die Welle der Strömungsmaschine weist die Drehachse auf. Eine Richtung parallel zu der Drehachse wird als Axialrichtung der Welle definiert. Eine Richtung, welche durch den Mittelpunkt der Welle verläuft und senkrecht zu der Drehachse ausgerichtet ist, wird als Radialrichtung der Welle und der Strömungsmaschine bezeichnet.The shaft of the turbo machine is mounted rotatably with respect to the housing, in particular a bearing housing, of the turbo machine. The shaft of the turbo machine has the axis of rotation. A direction parallel to the axis of rotation is defined as the axial direction of the shaft. A direction which runs through the center point of the shaft and is oriented perpendicular to the axis of rotation is referred to as the radial direction of the shaft and the turbomachine.
Unter dem Begriff "Element" werden im Rahmen dieser Anmeldung Bauteile verstanden, welche drehfest mit der Welle der Strömungsmaschine befestigbar sind. Das Element kann beispielsweise ein Rotorblatt, ein Rotorblattträger, ein Lagerring oder eine Lagerscheibe sein. Das Element weist die Durchgangsöffnung auf, durch welche die Welle hindurchgeschoben werden kann, bis das Element seine vorbestimmte Position auf der Welle in Axialrichtung erreicht.In the context of this application, the term “element” is understood to mean components which can be fastened to the shaft of the turbomachine in a rotationally fixed manner. The element can be, for example, a rotor blade, a rotor blade carrier, a bearing ring or a bearing washer. The element has the through opening through which the shaft can be pushed until the element reaches its predetermined position on the shaft in the axial direction.
Das erste Ringelement ist beispielsweise ein Spannring bzw. ein Klemmring. Durch Ausübung einer radialen Spannkraft verkleinert das erste Ringelement seinen inneren Durchmesser, so dass die Pressverbindung zwischen dem Ringelement und der Welle erzeugbar ist. Das Ringelement, als Klemmring ausgeführt, kann zum Verringern seines inneren Durchmessers beispielsweise einen Spalt in Umfangsrichtung aufweisen und somit eine offene ringförmige Profilform mit zwei freien Enden entlang der Umfangsrichtung aufweisen. Ferner kann das erste Ringelement ein geschlossener Ring sein, wobei das erste Ringelement verformbar, zum Beispiel elastisch verformbar, ausgebildet sein kann, um seinen Durchmesser bei Ausübung der radialen Spannkraft zu reduzieren.The first ring element is, for example, a clamping ring or a clamping ring. By exerting a radial clamping force, the first ring element reduces its inner diameter, so that the press connection between the ring element and the shaft can be produced. The ring element, designed as a clamping ring, can for example have a gap in the circumferential direction in order to reduce its inner diameter and thus have an open ring-shaped profile shape with two free ends along the circumferential direction. Furthermore, the first ring element can be a closed ring, wherein the first ring element can be designed to be deformable, for example elastically deformable, in order to reduce its diameter when the radial clamping force is exerted.
Das zweite Ringelement ist mit einem inneren Durchmesser ausgebildet, so dass das zweite Ringelement über das erste Ringelement geschoben werden kann und anliegend auf der äußeren Fläche des ersten Ringelements befestigt werden kann.The second ring element is formed with an inner diameter so that the second ring element over the first ring element can be pushed and can be attached to the outer surface of the first ring element.
Die erste äußere Fläche des ersten Ringelements verläuft zwischen dem ersten Ende und dem axial gegenüberliegenden Ende konisch zu. Dabei wird entlang einer ersten Richtung, welche parallel zu der Drehachse verläuft, ein Oberflächenverlauf beschrieben, welcher entlang der ersten Richtung nicht parallel zu der Drehachse verläuft. An dem ersten axialen Ende des ersten Ringelements weist die erste äußere Fläche beispielsweise einen ersten Abstand zu der Drehachse auf. An dem dem ersten axialen Ende gegenüberliegenden zweiten Ende des ersten Ringelements weist die erste äußere Fläche beispielsweise einen zweiten Abstand zur Drehachse auf. Läuft die erste äußere Fläche entlang der ersten Richtung konisch zu, so ist der erste Abstand der ersten äußeren Fläche zu der Drehachse größer als der zweite Abstand. Mit anderen Worten weist das erste Ringelement ein keilförmiges Profil auf. Anders ausgedrückt weist eine Linie, welche in Axialrichtung entlang der ersten äußeren Fläche verläuft, einen Winkel größer als 0° Grad und kleiner als 90° Grad zu der Drehachse auf.The first outer surface of the first ring element tapers between the first end and the axially opposite end. In this case, a surface profile is described along a first direction, which runs parallel to the axis of rotation, which does not run parallel to the axis of rotation along the first direction. At the first axial end of the first ring element, the first outer surface has, for example, a first distance from the axis of rotation. At the second end of the first ring element opposite the first axial end, the first outer surface has, for example, a second distance from the axis of rotation. If the first outer surface tapers conically along the first direction, the first distance between the first outer surface and the axis of rotation is greater than the second distance. In other words, the first ring element has a wedge-shaped profile. In other words, a line which runs in the axial direction along the first outer surface has an angle greater than 0 ° degrees and less than 90 ° degrees to the axis of rotation.
Entsprechend der ersten äußeren Fläche wird die konisch zulaufende innere Fläche des zweiten Ringelements beschrieben. Die zweite innere Fläche des zweiten Ringelements verläuft komplementär zu der ersten äußeren Fläche konisch zu. Mit anderen Worten weist eine Linie, welche entlang der zweiten inneren Fläche von einem axialen Ende zu einem gegenüberliegenden axialen Ende des zweiten Ringelements verläuft, denselben Winkel zur Drehachse auf wie die Linie, welche auf der ersten äußeren Fläche von einem axialen ersten Ende des ersten Ringelements entlang der ersten Richtung zu dem gegenüberliegenden zweiten Ende des ersten Ringelements verläuft.Corresponding to the first outer surface, the tapered inner surface of the second ring element is described. The second inner surface of the second ring element tapers to complement the first outer surface. In other words, a line which runs along the second inner surface from one axial end to an opposite axial end of the second ring element has the same angle to the axis of rotation as the line which runs on the first outer surface from an axial first end of the first ring element extends along the first direction to the opposite second end of the first ring element.
Das erste Ringelement und das zweite Ringelement bilden eine Schrumpfscheibenverbindung aus. Wird das zweite äußere Ringelement auf das erste innere Ringelement entgegen der ersten Richtung aufgeschoben, so verspannen sich das erste Ringelement und das zweite Ringelement aufgrund ihrer komplementär zueinander konisch ausgebildeten Berührflächen (erste äußere Fläche und zweite innere Fläche). Das zweite Ringelement kann allgemein entlang einer axialen Richtung auf das erste Ringelement aufgeschoben werden. Durch die aufgebrachte axiale Spannkraft wird über die konisch zulaufenden Berührflächen des ersten Ringelements und des zweiten Ringelements eine radiale Spannkraft erzeugt. Diese radiale Spannkraft verursacht eine Verkleinerung des inneren Durchmessers des ersten Ringelements. Dadurch wird die Pressverbindung zwischen dem ersten Ringelement und der Welle erzeugt.The first ring element and the second ring element form a shrink disk connection. If the second outer ring element is pushed onto the first inner ring element counter to the first direction, the first ring element is braced and the second ring element due to their mutually complementary conical contact surfaces (first outer surface and second inner surface). The second ring element can be pushed onto the first ring element generally along an axial direction. The applied axial clamping force generates a radial clamping force via the conically tapering contact surfaces of the first ring element and the second ring element. This radial clamping force causes a reduction in the inner diameter of the first ring element. This creates the press connection between the first ring element and the shaft.
Zum Lösen der Pressverbindung wird die axiale Spannkraft reduziert und das zweite Ringelement von dem ersten Ringelement getrennt. Aufgrund der konisch komplementär ausgebildeten Berührflächen des ersten Ringelements und des zweiten Ringelements ist ein leichtes Lösen des ersten Ringelements und des zweiten Ringelements möglich. Die Pressverbindung mittels des ersten Ringelements und des zweiten Ringelements kann wiederholbar ausgeführt werden.To release the press connection, the axial clamping force is reduced and the second ring element is separated from the first ring element. Because of the conically complementary contact surfaces of the first ring element and the second ring element, easy detachment of the first ring element and the second ring element is possible. The press connection by means of the first ring element and the second ring element can be carried out repeatably.
Das Element kann beispielsweise an einem axialen Ende des ersten Ringelements anliegen und somit fixiert werden, so dass bei Bestehen der Pressverbindung zwischen dem ersten Ringelement und der Welle ein axiales Verschieben des Elements über das erste Ringelement hinaus verhindert wird. Ferner kann das Element mit einem Befestigungsbereich zwischen der ersten inneren Fläche und einer Wellenoberfläche der Welle angeordnet sein, so dass bei Bestehen der Pressverbindung der Befestigungsbereich zwischen dem ersten Ringelement und der Welle eingespannt ist. Damit wird ebenfalls eine Fixierung des Elements auf der Welle erzielt.The element can, for example, rest against an axial end of the first ring element and thus be fixed, so that if the press connection exists between the first ring element and the shaft, an axial displacement of the element beyond the first ring element is prevented. Furthermore, the element can be arranged with a fastening region between the first inner surface and a shaft surface of the shaft, so that when the press connection exists, the fastening region is clamped between the first ring element and the shaft. This also fixes the element on the shaft.
Mit der oben beschriebenen Schrumpfscheibenverbindung wird das Element in einfacher Art und Weise auf der drehbaren Welle der Strömungsmaschine lösbar fixiert. Aufgrund der einfachen Lösbarkeit der Schrumpfscheibenverbindung durch Reduzieren bzw. Aufheben der axialen Spannkraft und Lösen des zweiten Ringelements von dem ersten Ringelement kann schnell das Element von der Welle gelöst werden, so dass nur schwer erreichbare Bauteile der Strömungsmaschine, welche durch das Element verdeckt werden, zugänglich sind. Ein kompliziertes Demontieren der gesamten Welle ist nicht notwendig. Ferner müssen die von dem Element verdeckten Bauteile nicht mehrteilig ausgebildet sein, um z.B. auch ohne Demontage des Elements lösbar zu sein.With the shrink disk connection described above, the element is detachably fixed in a simple manner on the rotatable shaft of the turbomachine. Due to the fact that the shrink disk connection can be easily released by reducing or canceling the axial clamping force and releasing the second Ring element from the first ring element, the element can be quickly detached from the shaft, so that components of the turbomachine which are difficult to reach and which are covered by the element are accessible. Complicated dismantling of the entire shaft is not necessary. Furthermore, the components covered by the element do not have to be formed in several parts in order, for example, to be detachable without dismantling the element.
Insbesondere ist das Element gemäß einer weiteren beispielhaften Ausführungsform eine Lagerscheibe. Die Lagerscheibe kann beispielsweise zwischen zwei Kugellagern, welche an einem Gehäuse der Strömungsmaschine befestigt sind, gelagert werden. Mittels der Lagerscheibe sind beispielsweise eine axiale und eine radiale Lagerung der Welle möglich.In particular, according to a further exemplary embodiment, the element is a bearing washer. The bearing disk can be mounted, for example, between two ball bearings which are fastened to a housing of the turbomachine. Axial and radial mounting of the shaft are possible, for example, by means of the bearing washer.
Gemäß einer weiteren beispielhaften Ausführungsform weist die Strömungsmaschine eine Magnetlagerung auf. Insbesondere weist die Strömungsmaschine hierbei einen ersten Statorring zum Erzeugen einer elektromagnetischen Lagerkraft auf. Der erste Statorring weist eine erste Öffnung auf, welche größer als die Welle ist, so dass die Welle kontaktfrei zu dem ersten Statorring angeordnet ist. Der erste Statorring ist derart angeordnet, dass mittels der elektromagnetischen Lagerkraft ein konstanter axialer Abstand oder ein konstanter radialer Abstand zu der Lagerscheibe haltbar ist. Der Statorring ist beispielsweise an dem Gehäuse der Strömungsmaschine befestigt. Mittels der elektromagnetischen Lagerkraft des Statorrings wird ein vorbestimmter Abstand zwischen dem Statorring und der Lagerscheibe konstant gehalten, wobei dennoch die Lagerscheibe mit der Welle rotierbar gegenüber dem ersten Statorring ist.According to a further exemplary embodiment, the turbomachine has a magnetic bearing. In particular, the turbomachine has a first stator ring for generating an electromagnetic bearing force. The first stator ring has a first opening which is larger than the shaft, so that the shaft is arranged without contact with the first stator ring. The first stator ring is arranged such that a constant axial distance or a constant radial distance from the bearing disk can be maintained by means of the electromagnetic bearing force. The stator ring is attached, for example, to the housing of the turbomachine. By means of the electromagnetic bearing force of the stator ring, a predetermined distance between the stator ring and the bearing disk is kept constant, the bearing disk with the shaft nevertheless being rotatable with respect to the first stator ring.
Gemäß einer weiteren beispielhaften Ausführungsform weist die Strömungsmaschine einen zweiten Statorring zum Erzeugen einer weiteren elektromagnetischen Lagerkraft auf. Der zweite Statorring weist eine zweite Öffnung auf, welche größer als die Welle ist, so dass die Welle kontaktfrei zu dem zweiten Statorring angeordnet ist. Der zweite Statorring ist derart angeordnet, dass die Lagerscheibe zwischen dem ersten Statorring und dem zweiten Statorring liegt und dass ein weiterer konstanter axialer Abstand oder ein weiterer konstanter radialer Abstand zwischen dem zweiten Statorring und der Lagerscheibe mittels der weiteren elektromagnetischen Lagerkraft haltbar ist.According to a further exemplary embodiment, the turbomachine has a second stator ring for generating a further electromagnetic bearing force. The second stator ring has a second opening which is larger than the shaft, so that the shaft is free of contact with the second stator ring is arranged. The second stator ring is arranged such that the bearing disk lies between the first stator ring and the second stator ring and that another constant axial distance or another constant radial distance between the second stator ring and the bearing disk can be maintained by means of the further electromagnetic bearing force.
Der erste Statorring und der zweite Statorring weisen jeweils Spulen auf, welche in Umfangsrichtung der Welle angeordnet sind. Somit kann der erste Statorring und/oder der zweite Statorring eine konstante elektromagnetische Kraft über den gesamten Umfang um die Welle erzeugen und somit einen radialen oder axialen Abstand zwischen dem jeweiligen Statorring und der Lagerscheibe konstant halten. Somit wird eine berührungslose Lagerung der Lagerscheibe und somit der Welle ermöglicht.The first stator ring and the second stator ring each have coils which are arranged in the circumferential direction of the shaft. Thus, the first stator ring and / or the second stator ring can generate a constant electromagnetic force over the entire circumference around the shaft and thus keep a radial or axial distance between the respective stator ring and the bearing washer constant. This enables contactless mounting of the bearing washer and thus of the shaft.
Da oftmals derjenige Statorring, welcher axial weiter innerhalb in der Strömungsmaschine angeordnet ist, durch die Lagerscheibe in Axialrichtung versperrt wird, ist es mit üblichen Befestigungsmethoden der Lagerscheibe auf der Welle nur schwer, diesen versperrten Statorring auszubauen. Oftmals muss die gesamte Welle ausgebaut werden oder der Statorring zweiteilig, das heißt mit einer Teilung, ausgeführt werden. Eine solche Teilung der Statorringe stört allerdings das elektromagnetische Feld, so dass die elektromagnetische Lagerkraft gestört wird. Mittels der vorliegenden einfacheren Befestigung des Elements bzw. der Lagerscheibe mittels der Schrumpfscheibenverbindung, welche durch das erste und zweite Ringelement ausgebildet wird, kann in einfacher Art und Weise das erste und zweite Ringelement gelöst werden und somit ebenfalls die Lagerscheibe einfach entfernt werden, so dass der versperrte Statorring zugänglich ist.Since the stator ring which is arranged axially further inside the turbo machine is often blocked in the axial direction by the bearing washer, it is difficult to remove this blocked stator ring with conventional fastening methods of the bearing washer on the shaft. Often the entire shaft has to be dismantled or the stator ring has to be designed in two parts, i.e. with one division. Such a division of the stator rings, however, disturbs the electromagnetic field, so that the electromagnetic bearing force is disturbed. By means of the present simpler fastening of the element or the bearing washer by means of the shrink disk connection, which is formed by the first and second ring element, the first and second ring element can be released in a simple manner and thus the bearing washer can also be easily removed so that the locked stator ring is accessible.
Gemäß einer weiteren beispielhaften Ausführungsform liegt das erste Ringelement mit der ersten inneren Fläche an einer Oberfläche der Welle (unmittelbar) an. Die Pressverbindung erfolgt somit ausschließlich zwischen dem ersten Ringelement und der Welle. Somit wird keine Presskraft auf das Element selbst ausgeübt. Liegt das Element an dem ersten Ringelement an, so kann mittels des oben beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiels ein Verrutschen des Elements in Axialrichtung verhindert werden und somit eine Fixierung des Elements auf der Welle umgesetzt werden.According to a further exemplary embodiment, the first ring element rests (directly) with the first inner surface on a surface of the shaft. The press connection thus takes place exclusively between the first ring element and the shaft. Thus, no pressing force is exerted on the element itself. If the element is in contact with the first ring element, the above-described embodiment can prevent the element from slipping in the axial direction and thus fix the element on the shaft.
Gemäß einer weiteren beispielhaften Ausführungsform weist das Element einen Befestigungsabschnitt auf. Der Befestigungsabschnitt ist zwischen der ersten inneren Fläche des ersten Ringelements und der Welle angeordnet, so dass mittels Verschiebens des zweiten Ringelements relativ zu dem ersten Ringelement das erste Ringelement eine radiale Spannkraft erfährt und damit eine Pressverbindung zwischen dem ersten Ringelement, dem Befestigungsabschnitt und der Welle erzeugt wird.According to a further exemplary embodiment, the element has a fastening section. The fastening section is arranged between the first inner surface of the first ring element and the shaft, so that by moving the second ring element relative to the first ring element, the first ring element experiences a radial tensioning force and thus creates a press connection between the first ring element, the fastening section and the shaft will.
Der Befestigungsabschnitt bildet beispielsweise einen flanschförmigen Fortsatz in axialer Richtung des Elements aus. Der Befestigungsabschnitt kann somit beispielsweise röhrenförmig ausgebildet sein, wobei der Innendurchmesser des Befestigungsabschnitts dem Außendurchmesser der Welle an der vorbestimmten Position entsprechen kann. Der Befestigungsabschnitt weist ferner eine radial äußere Fläche auf, auf welcher die erste innere Fläche des ersten Ringelements aufliegt. Unter Ausübung der radialen Spannkraft auf das zweite Ringelement verringert sich dessen Durchmesser, so dass ebenfalls die radiale Spannkraft auf den Befestigungsabschnitt übertragen wird. Der Befestigungsabschnitt ist derart eingerichtet, dass bei Ausüben der radialen Spannkraft ebenfalls sein Innendurchmesser reduziert wird, so dass die Pressverbindung mit der Welle erzeugbar ist. Der Befestigungsabschnitt ist derart ausgebildet, dass bei Ausübung der radialen Spannkraft dieser verformbar (insbesondere elastisch verformbar) ist, so dass die Pressverbindung erzeugbar ist. Der Befestigungsabschnitt kann ferner einen Spalt in Umfangsrichtung aufweisen, um eine bessere Verformbarkeit des Befestigungsabschnitts zu erzeugen.The fastening section forms, for example, a flange-shaped extension in the axial direction of the element. The fastening section can thus, for example, be tubular, wherein the inside diameter of the fastening section can correspond to the outside diameter of the shaft at the predetermined position. The fastening section also has a radially outer surface on which the first inner surface of the first ring element rests. When the radial clamping force is exerted on the second ring element, its diameter is reduced, so that the radial clamping force is also transmitted to the fastening section. The fastening section is set up in such a way that when the radial clamping force is exerted, its inside diameter is also reduced, so that the press connection with the shaft can be produced. The fastening section is designed in such a way that when the radial clamping force is exerted, it is deformable (in particular elastically deformable) so that the press connection can be produced. The fastening section can also have a gap in the circumferential direction have in order to produce a better deformability of the fastening portion.
Erfindungsgemäß weist die Strömungsmaschine ferner ein (lösbares) Spannelement zum axialen Verschieben des zweiten Ringelements relativ zu dem ersten Ringelement. Das Spannelement kann derart angeordnet sein, dass entgegen der ersten Richtung eine axiale Spannkraft zum Spannen des zweiten Ringelements auf das erste Ringelement einstellbar ist, um eine lösbare Pressverbindung zwischen dem ersten Ringelement und der Welle zu erzeugen.According to the invention, the turbomachine also has a (releasable) tensioning element for axially displacing the second ring element relative to the first ring element. The tensioning element can be arranged in such a way that, against the first direction, an axial tensioning force for tensioning the second ring element on the first ring element can be set in order to produce a releasable press connection between the first ring element and the shaft.
Das Spannelement kann beispielsweise eine lösbare Spannbacke oder eine lösbare Schraube aufweisen. Beispielsweise kann eine Schraubverbindung zwischen dem zweiten Ringelement und dem Element geschaffen werden. Wird die Schraube angezogen, so schiebt sich das zweite Ringelement in Richtung des Elements insbesondere entgegen der ersten Richtung, so dass das zweite Element auf das erste Ringelement gespannt wird und dadurch die radiale Spannkraft erzeugt wird. Mittels der Schraube kann die Größe der radialen Spannkraft über das Drehmoment der Schraube eingestellt werden. Ferner ermöglicht eine Schraubverbindung ein einfaches Lösen der Pressverbindung.The clamping element can, for example, have a detachable clamping jaw or a detachable screw. For example, a screw connection can be created between the second ring element and the element. If the screw is tightened, the second ring element pushes in the direction of the element, in particular against the first direction, so that the second element is clamped onto the first ring element and the radial clamping force is generated as a result. The size of the radial clamping force can be adjusted via the torque of the screw by means of the screw. Furthermore, a screw connection enables the press connection to be released easily.
Gemäß einer weiteren beispielhaften Ausführungsform weist die Strömungsmaschine ferner ein weiteres erstes Ringelement und ein weiteres zweites Ringelement auf. Das weitere erste Ringelement ist mit einer weiteren ersten in Radialrichtung inneren Fläche und einer weiteren ersten in Radialrichtung äußeren Fläche ausgebildet. Das weitere zweite Ringelement ist mit einer weiteren zweiten in Radialrichtung inneren Fläche ausgebildet. Das weitere erste Ringelement ist mit der weiteren ersten inneren Fläche auf der Welle angeordnet und das Element mittels des weiteren ersten Ringelements an einer vorbestimmten Position auf der Welle fixiert. Das weitere zweite Ringelement ist mit der zweiten inneren Fläche anliegend auf der weiteren ersten äußeren Fläche des weiteren ersten Ringelements angeordnet.According to a further exemplary embodiment, the turbomachine also has a further first ring element and a further second ring element. The further first ring element is formed with a further first inner surface in the radial direction and a further first outer surface in the radial direction. The further second ring element is formed with a further second inner surface in the radial direction. The further first ring element is arranged with the further first inner surface on the shaft and the element is fixed at a predetermined position on the shaft by means of the further first ring element. The further second ring element is arranged with the second inner surface in contact with the further first outer surface of the further first ring element.
Das Element ist zwischen dem ersten Ringelement und dem zweiten Ringelement einerseits und dem weiteren ersten Ringelement und dem zweiten Ringelement andererseits auf der Welle angeordnet.The element is arranged between the first ring element and the second ring element on the one hand and the further first ring element and the second ring element on the other hand on the shaft.
Die weitere erste äußere Fläche läuft von einem ersten axialen Ende der weiteren ersten äußeren Fläche zu einem zweiten axial gegenüberliegenden axialen Ende der weiteren ersten äußeren Fläche konisch zu und die weitere zweite innere Fläche läuft komplementär zu der weiteren ersten äußeren Fläche konisch zu, dass mittels Verschiebens des weiteren zweiten Ringelements relativ zu dem weiteren ersten Ringelement das weitere erste Ringelement eine weitere radiale Spannkraft erfährt, so dass eine Pressverbindung zwischen dem weiteren ersten Ringelement und der Welle erzeugbar ist.The further first outer surface tapers conically from a first axial end of the further first outer surface to a second axially opposite axial end of the further first outer surface and the further second inner surface tapers complementarily to the further first outer surface, that by means of displacement of the further second ring element, relative to the further first ring element, the further first ring element experiences a further radial tensioning force, so that a press connection can be produced between the further first ring element and the shaft.
Das weitere erste Ringelement und das weitere zweite Ringelement können dieselben Merkmale und denselben Aufbau wie das erste Ringelement und das zweite Ringelement aufweisen. Insbesondere sind die konisch verlaufenden Flächen der ersten und zweiten Ringelemente entgegengesetzt zu den konischen Verläufen der Flächen der weiteren ersten Ringelemente und weiteren zweiten Ringelemente. Das erste Ringelement liegt an einem ersten axialen Ende des Elements an und das weitere erste Ringelement liegt an einem gegenüberliegenden Ende des Elements an, so dass eine axiale Verschiebung des Elements aufgrund der beiden ersten Ringelemente unterbunden wird.The further first ring element and the further second ring element can have the same features and the same structure as the first ring element and the second ring element. In particular, the conically running surfaces of the first and second ring elements are opposite to the conical courses of the surfaces of the further first ring elements and further second ring elements. The first ring element rests against a first axial end of the element and the further first ring element rests against an opposite end of the element, so that an axial displacement of the element due to the two first ring elements is prevented.
Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung wird eine Strömungsmaschine geschaffen, bei welcher die (Axial-) Lagerscheibe von magnetisch gelagerten (zum Beispiel Turbomaschinen-) Wellen mittels der oben beschriebenen Schrumpfscheibenverbindung, bestehend aus dem ersten Ringelement und dem zweiten Ringelement, auf der Welle befestigt wird, um eine einfache Montage- und Demontagemöglichkeit der Lagerscheibe zu erzielen.With the present invention, a turbo machine is created in which the (axial) bearing washer of magnetically mounted (for example turbo-machine) shafts is fastened to the shaft by means of the shrink disk connection described above, consisting of the first ring element and the second ring element to achieve a simple assembly and disassembly of the bearing washer.
Es wird darauf hingewiesen, dass die hier beschriebenen Ausführungsformen lediglich eine beschränkte Auswahl an möglichen Ausführungsvarianten der Erfindung darstellen. So ist es möglich, die Merkmale einzelner Ausführungsformen in geeigneter Weise miteinander zu kombinieren, so dass für den Fachmann mit den hier expliziten Ausführungsvarianten eine Vielzahl von verschiedenen Ausführungsformen als offensichtlich offenbart anzusehen sind.It is pointed out that the embodiments described here represent only a limited selection of possible embodiment variants of the invention. It is thus possible to combine the features of individual embodiments with one another in a suitable manner, so that for a person skilled in the art, with the embodiment variants explicitly shown here, a large number of different embodiments are to be seen as obviously disclosed.
Im Folgenden werden zur weiteren Erläuterung und zum besseren Verständnis der vorliegenden Erfindung Ausführungsbeispiele unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügte Figur näher beschrieben.In the following, for further explanation and for a better understanding of the present invention, exemplary embodiments are described in more detail with reference to the accompanying figure.
Die Figur zeigt eine schematische Darstellung eines Teils einer Strömungsmaschine, bei welcher ein Element mittels einer Schrumpfscheibenverbindung auf der Welle, gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung, fixiert ist.The figure shows a schematic representation of part of a turbomachine, in which an element is fixed by means of a shrink disk connection on the shaft, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Gleiche oder ähnliche Komponenten sind in der Figur mit gleichen Bezugsziffern versehen. Die Darstellung in der Figur ist schematisch und nicht maßstäblich.Identical or similar components are provided with the same reference numbers in the figure. The representation in the figure is schematic and not to scale.
Die Figur zeigt eine Strömungsmaschine 100, welche ein Gehäuse bzw. ein Lagergehäuse 113, insbesondere ein Axiallagergehäuse, und eine darin drehbar um eine Drehachse 106 gelagerten Welle 101 aufweist. Ferner weist die Strömungsmaschine 100 ein Element 102 mit einer Durchgangsöffnung auf, wobei die Welle 101 durch die Durchgangsöffnung hindurchragt und das Element 102 an einer vorbestimmten Position auf der Welle 101 angeordnet ist. In Fig. 1 ist das Element 102 beispielsweise eine Lagerscheibe.The figure shows a
Ferner weist die Strömungsmaschine 100 ein erstes Ringelement 121 und ein zweites Ringelement 122 auf. Das erste Ringelement 121 ist mit einer ersten in Radialrichtung 105 inneren Fläche und einer ersten in Radialrichtung 105 äußeren Fläche ausgebildet. Das zweite Ringelement 122 ist mit einer zweiten in Radialrichtung 105 inneren Fläche ausgebildet. Das erste Ringelement 121 ist mit der ersten inneren Fläche auf der Welle 101 befestigt. Das erste Ringelement 121 ist derart ausgebildet, dass das Element 102 mittels des ersten Ringelements 121 in einer vorbestimmten Position auf der Welle 101 fixierbar ist. In Fig. 1 ist das erste Ringelement 121 derart ausgebildet, dass das Element 102 beispielsweise keine axiale und radiale Bewegung gegenüber dem ersten Ringelement 121 ausüben kann.The
Das zweite Ringelement 122 ist mit der zweiten inneren Fläche anliegend auf der ersten äußeren Fläche des ersten Ringelements 121 angeordnet. Die erste äußere Fläche läuft entlang einer ersten Richtung 109, welche parallel zu der Drehachse 106 verläuft, konisch zu und die zweite innere Fläche verläuft entlang der ersten Richtung 109 und komplementär zu der ersten äußeren Fläche konisch derart zu, dass mittels Verschiebens bzw. Spannens des zweiten Ringelements 122 entgegen der ersten Richtung 109 auf das Ringelement 121 das erste Ringelement 121 eine radiale Spannkraft erfährt.The
Aufgrund der radialen Spannkraft verkleinert sich der innere Durchmesser des ersten Ringelements 121, so dass eine Pressverbindung zwischen dem ersten Ringelement 121 und der Welle 101 erzeugbar ist.Due to the radial clamping force, the inner diameter of the
In der Figur ist das Element 102, das erste Ringelement 121, das zweite Ringelement 122 und das Element 102 in einer Schnittebene dargestellt (siehe schraffierte Bereiche). In der Schnittebene werden die konischen Verläufe der ersten äußeren Fläche und der zweiten inneren Fläche dargestellt. Wie in der Figur ersichtlich, weist die erste äußere Fläche und die zweite innere Fläche aufgrund ihrer komplementär konisch zulaufenden Ausbildung eine Keilform in der Querschnittsebene auf. Die zweite innere Fläche verläuft dabei derart komplementär zu der ersten äußeren Fläche konisch zu, dass eine Berührfläche zwischen der zweiten inneren Fläche und der ersten äußeren Fläche vorliegt.In the figure, the
Eine Linie, welche innerhalb der Querschnittsebene verläuft und welche auf der ersten äußeren Fläche und auf der zweiten inneren Fläche verläuft, weist einen Winkel zu der Drehachse auf und ist daher nicht parallel zur Drehachse.A line which runs within the cross-sectional plane and which runs on the first outer surface and on the second inner surface is at an angle to the axis of rotation and is therefore not parallel to the axis of rotation.
Wird nun das zweite Ringelement 122 entgegen der ersten Richtung 109 in axialer Richtung verschoben, so erzeugt dieses Aufschieben aufgrund der konischen Berührflächen des ersten und des zweiten Ringelements 121, 122 eine radiale Spannkraft, welche zumindest eine Komponente in Radialrichtung 105 aufweist. Somit wird die Pressverbindung zwischen dem ersten Ringelement 121 und der Welle 101 erzeugt.If the
Ein Verschieben des Elements 102 über das erste Ringelement 121 wird verhindert, da das erste Ringelement 121 (mit seinem äußeren Durchmesser) größer ausgebildet ist als ein innerer Durchmesser des Elements 102. Auf dem in Axialrichtung und entgegen der ersten Richtung 109 gegenüberliegenden axialen Ende des Elements 102 kann das Element in Kontakt mit einem Wellenabsatz 110 sein. Damit ist ein weiteres Verschieben des Elements 102 entgegen der ersten Richtung 109 unterbunden.Moving the
Zusätzlich oder alternativ zu dem Wellenabsatz 110 kann ein weiteres erstes Ringelement 124 und ein weiteres zweites Ringelement 125 angeordnet sein, um ein Verschieben des Elements 102 entgegen der ersten Richtung 109 zu verhindern. Das weitere erste Ringelement 124 und das weitere zweite Ringelement 125 können entsprechend die Merkmale und die Ausbildungen des ersten Ringelements 121 und des zweiten Ringelements 122 aufweisen. Zur besseren Montage kann dabei die weitere erste äußere Fläche des weiteren ersten Ringelements 124 und die weitere zweite innere Fläche des weiteren zweiten Ringelements 125 entgegengesetzt zu dem ersten Ringelement 122 und dem zweiten Ringelement 122 konisch zulaufen. Somit muss zum Spannen des weiteren zweiten Ringelements 125 dieses entlang der ersten Richtung 109 auf das weitere erste Ringelement 124 aufgeschoben werden, damit das weitere erste Ringelement 124 eine weitere radiale Spannkraft erfährt.In addition or as an alternative to the
Wie in der Figur dargestellt, kann das Element 102 einen Befestigungsabschnitt 107 und einen weiteren Befestigungsabschnitt 108 aufweisen. Die Befestigungsabschnitte 107, 108 sind jeweils zwischen der Welle 101 und dem jeweiligen ersten Ringelement 121, 124 angeordnet. Die Befestigungsabschnitte 107, 108 weisen einen in Axialrichtung röhrenförmig gebildeten Fortsatz des Elements 102 auf. Mittels Ausübens der jeweiligen radialen Spannkraft auf das jeweilige erste Ringelement 121, 124 wird eine Pressverbindung zwischen dem jeweiligen ersten Ringelement 121, den jeweiligen Befestigungsabschnitten 107, 108 und der Welle 101 erzeugt.As shown in the figure, the
Erfindungsgemäss weist die Strömungsmaschine 100 ein oder mehrere lösbare Spannelemente 123 auf. Das lösbare Spannelement 123 ist eine Schraube. Das zweite Ringelement 122 und das Element 101 weisen jeweils eine Bohrung in Axialrichtung auf. Die Schraube als lösbares Spannelement 123 kann zwischen dem zweiten Ringelement 122 und dem Element 102 derart verschraubt werden, dass mittels Einschraubens der Schraube eine axiale Spannkraft erzeugt wird, so dass das zweite Ringelement 122 entgegen der ersten Richtung 109 auf das erste Ringelement 121 aufgeschoben wird, so dass die radiale Spannkraft erzeugt wird.According to the invention, the
In einer weiteren beispielhaften Ausführungsform kann ferner das weitere zweite Ringelement 125 eine Bohrung (insbesondere eine Gewindebohrung) aufweisen, wobei die Bohrungen in dem zweiten Ringelement 122, dem Element 102 und dem weiteren zweiten Ringelement 125 koaxial ausgebildet sind. Somit kann eine Schraube als Spannelement 123 das zweite Ringelement 122, das Element 101 und das weitere zweite Ringelement 125 verbinden und auf das zweite Ringelement 122 und das weitere zweite Ringelement 125 mittels Schraubens eine axiale Spannkraft ausüben. Die Schraube zieht das zweite Ringelement 122 und das weitere zweite Ringelement 125 axial zusammen, so dass dadurch gleichzeitig die radiale Spannkraft des ersten Ringelements 121 und die weitere radiale Spannkraft des weiteren ersten Ringelements 124 erzeugt wird. Somit kann in einfacher Art und Weise schnell die Pressverbindung hergestellt werden. Durch Lösen der Schraube kann in einfacher Art und Weise die erzeugte Pressverbindung gelöst werden, so dass zügig eine Demontage des Elements 102 ermöglicht wird.In a further exemplary embodiment, the further
Ferner zeigt die Figur einen ersten Statorring 103 und einen zweiten Statorring 104. Zwischen den beiden Statorringen 103, 104 ist das Element 102, welches in Fig. 1 als Lagerscheibe ausgebildet ist, drehbar und beabstandet zu den jeweiligen Statorringen 103, 104 angeordnet. Die Statorringe 103, 104 erzeugen ein elektromagnetisches Feld, welche den axialen Abstand des Elements 102 zu dem jeweiligen Statorring 103, 104 konstant halten, so dass eine kontaktlose Lagerung ermöglicht wird.The figure also shows a
Die Statorringe 103, 104 können an dem Lagergehäuse 113 befestigt, welches mit einem Lagergehäuse-Oberteil 111 und einem Lagergehäuse-Unterteil 112 an der Turbine ausgebildet ist.The stator rings 103, 104 can be attached to the bearing
Ergänzend ist darauf hinzuweisen, dass "umfassend" keine anderen Elemente oder Schritte ausschließt und "eine" oder "ein" keine Vielzahl ausschließt. Ferner sei darauf hingewiesen, dass Merkmale oder Schritte, die mit Verweis auf eines der obigen Ausführungsbeispiele beschrieben worden ist, auch in Kombination mit anderen Merkmalen oder Schritten anderer oben beschriebener Ausführungsbeispiele verwendet werden können. Bezugszeichen in den Ansprüchen sind nicht als Einschränkung anzusehen.In addition, it should be pointed out that “comprising” does not exclude any other elements or steps and “a” or “an” does not exclude a plurality. It should also be pointed out that features or steps that have been described with reference to one of the above exemplary embodiments can also be used in combination with other features or steps of other exemplary embodiments described above. Reference signs in the claims are not to be regarded as a restriction.
Claims (8)
- Turbomachine (100) havinga housing (111,112,113),a shaft (101) mounted rotatably relative to the housing about a rotary axis (106), wherein a radial direction (105) extends perpendicular to the rotary axis (106),an element (102) with a through-opening,wherein the shaft (101) protrudes through the through-opening and the element (102) is arranged at a predetermined position on the shaft (101),a first ring element (121),a second ring element (122),wherein the first ring element (121) is embodied with a first inner surface in the radial direction (105) and a first outer surface in the radial direction (105),wherein the second ring element (122) is embodied with a second inner surface in the radial direction (105),wherein the first ring element (121) is arranged with the first inner surface on the shaft (101) and the element (102) is fixed by means of the first ring element (121) at the predetermined position on the shaft (101),wherein the second ring element (122) is arranged with the second inner surface lying on the first outer surface of the first ring element (121) andwherein the first outer surface runs conically from a first axial end of the first outer surface to a second axially opposite axial end of the first outer surface and the second inner surface tapers conically in a complementary way to the first outer surface so that, by means of an axial displacement of the second ring element (122) relative to the first ring element (121), the first ring element (121) is exposed to a radial tension force and hence a compression connection is established between the first ring element (121) and the shaft (101),a detachable tensioning element (123) for the axial displacement of the second ring element (122) relative to the first ring element (121),wherein the detachable tensioning element (123) for the axial displacement of the second ring element (123) relative to the first ring element (121) is a screw, which can be screwed between the second ring element (122) and the element (102) in such a way that, by means of the screwing-in of the screw, it is possible to create an axial tension force so that the second ring element (122) is pushed against the first direction (109) onto the first ring element (121) and it is possible to create the radial tension force.
- Turbomachine (100) according to claim 1,
wherein the element (102) is a bearing disk. - Turbomachine (100) according to claim 2 further having a first stator ring (103) to generate an electromagnetic bearing force,wherein the first stator ring (103) has a first opening, which is larger than the shaft (101) so that the shaft (101) is arranged contactlessly with respect to the first stator ring (103) andwherein the first stator ring (103) is arranged in such a way that the electromagnetic bearing force enables a constant axial distance or a constant radial distance to the bearing disk to be maintained.
- Turbomachine (100) according to claim 3, further having a second stator ring (104), to generate a further electromagnetic bearing force,wherein the second stator ring (104) has a second opening, which is larger than the shaft (101) so that the shaft (101) is arranged contactlessly with respect to the second stator ring (104) andwherein the second stator ring (104) is arranged in such a way that the bearing disk is disposed between the first stator ring (103) and the second stator ring (104) and a further constant axial distance or a further constant radial distance can be maintained between the second stator ring (104) and the bearing disk by means of the further electromagnetic bearing force.
- Turbomachine (100) according to one of claims 1 to 4,
wherein the first ring element (121) is arranged with the first inner surface lying on a surface of the shaft (101). - Turbomachine (100) according to one of claims 1 to 4,wherein the element (102) has a fastening section (107) andwherein the fastening section (107) is arranged between the first inner surface of the first ring element (121) and the shaft (101) so that, by means of the displacement of the second ring element (122) relative to the first ring element (121), the first ring element (121) is exposed to the radial tension force and hence the compression connection between the first ring element (121), the fastening section (107) and the shaft (101) is established.
- Turbomachine (100) according to one of claims 1 to 6, further havinga further first ring element (124), anda further second ring element (125),wherein the further first ring element (124) is embodied with a further first inner surface in the radial direction (105) and a further first outer surface in the radial direction (105),wherein the further second ring element (125) is embodied with a further second inner surface in the radial direction (105),wherein the further first ring element (124) is arranged with the further first inner surface on the shaft (101) and the element (102) is fixed by means of the further first ring element (124) at the predetermined position on the shaft (101),wherein the further second ring element (125) is arranged with the further second inner surface lying on the further first outer surface of the further first ring element (124),wherein the element (102) is arranged betweena) the first ring element (121) and the second ring element (122) on one side andb) the further first ring element (124) and the second ring element (125) on the other side on the shaft (101) andwherein the further first outer surface tapers conically from a further first axial end of the first outer surface to a further second axially opposite axial end of the first outer surface and the further second inner surface tapers conically in a complementary way to the further first outer surface in such a way that that, by means of the displacement of the further second ring element (125) relative to the further first ring element (124), the further first ring element (124) is exposed to a further radial tension force and hence a further compression connection is established between the further first ring element (124) and the shaft (101).
- Method for establishing a compression connection between a first ring element (121) and a shaft (101) of a turbomachine (100), the method havingrotatable mounting of the shaft (101) relative to the housing about a rotary axis (106),wherein a radial direction (105) extends perpendicular to the rotary axis (106),passing the shaft (101) through a through-opening of an element (102),arranging the element (102) at a predetermined position on the shaft (101),arranging the first ring element (121) with a first inner surface of the first ring element (121) on the shaft (101), wherein the first ring element (121) fixes the element (102) by means of the first ring element (121) at the predetermined position on the shaft (101),arranging a second inner surface of a second ring element (122) in the radial direction (105) lying on a first outer surface of the first ring element (121) in the radial direction (105),wherein the first outer surface tapers conically from a first axial end of the first outer surface to a second axially opposite axial end of the first outer surface and the second inner surface tapers conically in a complementary way to the first outer surface the displacement of the second ring element (122) relative to the first ring element (121),wherein, by means of the displacement of the second ring element (122) relative to the first ring element (121),the first ring element (121) is exposed to a radial tension force and hence the compression connection is established between the first ring element (121) and the shaft (101), andaxial displacement of the second ring element (122) relative to the first ring element (121) by means of a detachable tensioning element (123), wherein a screw, as a detachable tensioning element (123), can be screwed between the second ring element (122) and the element (102) in such a way that, by means of the screwing-in of the screw, it is possible to create an axial tension force so that the second ring element (122) is pushed against the first direction (109) onto the first ring element (121) and it is possible to create the radial tension force.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102011075583A DE102011075583A1 (en) | 2011-05-10 | 2011-05-10 | Attachment of an axial bearing disk in a magnetically supported turbomachine by means of a shrink disk connection |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2522819A2 EP2522819A2 (en) | 2012-11-14 |
EP2522819A3 EP2522819A3 (en) | 2017-12-13 |
EP2522819B1 true EP2522819B1 (en) | 2021-12-29 |
Family
ID=46027711
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12165487.5A Not-in-force EP2522819B1 (en) | 2011-05-10 | 2012-04-25 | Fixing of a bearing axial disc in a turbo engine with magnetic bearings by means of a shrink disc connection |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20120288370A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2522819B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102011075583A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI127781B (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2019-02-15 | Lappeenrannan Teknillinen Yliopisto | A rotor assembly for an axial magnetic bearing |
CN108716480B (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2019-07-05 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of magnetic suspension structure and blower |
CN113700746A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-11-26 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Magnetic suspension bearing, compressor and air conditioner |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL192055A (en) * | 1953-11-11 | |||
CH450829A (en) * | 1966-01-26 | 1968-04-30 | Metallschlauchfabrik Ag | Coupling arrangement for shafts |
DE2847910C2 (en) * | 1978-11-04 | 1980-10-16 | Werner 4100 Duisburg Winckelhaus | Device for fastening a hub with a hub shoulder on a shaft |
DE2855204A1 (en) * | 1978-12-21 | 1980-07-10 | Ralph Muellenberg | TAPE DRIVE |
DE3107746A1 (en) * | 1981-02-28 | 1982-09-16 | Jürgen Ing.(grad.) 4320 Hattingen Heuer | Stop device on the compression ring or hub of a shaft/hub connection |
GB2246400B (en) * | 1990-07-28 | 1994-01-26 | Glacier Metal Co Ltd | Magnetic bearings |
DE4118941C2 (en) * | 1991-06-08 | 1995-06-14 | Hartwig Dipl Ing Stuewe | Hub / shaft connection |
DE4136216A1 (en) * | 1991-11-02 | 1993-05-06 | L. Schuler Gmbh, 7320 Goeppingen, De | CLAMPING SET |
US5310311A (en) * | 1992-10-14 | 1994-05-10 | Barber-Colman Company | Air cycle machine with magnetic bearings |
US5749700A (en) * | 1996-07-17 | 1998-05-12 | Allison Engine Company, Inc. | High speed, high temperature hybrid magnetic thrust bearing |
US6109817A (en) * | 1998-08-25 | 2000-08-29 | The Minster Machine Company | Driveshaft coupler |
US6247638B1 (en) * | 1999-04-28 | 2001-06-19 | Allison Advanced Development Company | Selectively reinforced member and method of manufacture |
FR2817088B1 (en) * | 2000-11-17 | 2003-02-21 | Mecanique Magnetique Sa | AXIAL MAGNETIC ROTARY ROTATING MACHINE INTEGRATING A CURRENT GENERATOR |
US7723883B2 (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2010-05-25 | Ntn Corporation | Motor built-in magnetic bearing device |
EP2006497A1 (en) * | 2007-06-21 | 2008-12-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Axial disc for the rotor of a turbo engine and turbo machine rotor |
-
2011
- 2011-05-10 DE DE102011075583A patent/DE102011075583A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2012
- 2012-04-25 EP EP12165487.5A patent/EP2522819B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2012-05-08 US US13/466,420 patent/US20120288370A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20120288370A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
DE102011075583A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
EP2522819A3 (en) | 2017-12-13 |
EP2522819A2 (en) | 2012-11-14 |
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