EP2278851A1 - Plaque de verre pouvant être chauffée électriquement, son procédé de fabrication et fenêtre - Google Patents
Plaque de verre pouvant être chauffée électriquement, son procédé de fabrication et fenêtre Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2278851A1 EP2278851A1 EP09009630A EP09009630A EP2278851A1 EP 2278851 A1 EP2278851 A1 EP 2278851A1 EP 09009630 A EP09009630 A EP 09009630A EP 09009630 A EP09009630 A EP 09009630A EP 2278851 A1 EP2278851 A1 EP 2278851A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- glass pane
- coating
- contacting
- window
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000005349 heatable glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000012799 electrically-conductive coating Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229940071182 stannate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- YUSUJSHEOICGOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum rhenium Chemical compound [Mo].[Mo].[Re].[Re].[Re] YUSUJSHEOICGOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- DECCZIUVGMLHKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium tungsten Chemical compound [W].[Re] DECCZIUVGMLHKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 90
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000005329 float glass Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005336 safety glass Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010283 detonation spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 39
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 oxides Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000037072 sun protection Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036642 wellbeing Effects 0.000 description 2
- CMSGUKVDXXTJDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(2-naphthalen-1-ylethylamino)-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCNC(=O)CCC(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 CMSGUKVDXXTJDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M Butyrate Chemical compound CCCC([O-])=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Natural products CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000283070 Equus zebra Species 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002322 conducting polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl(oxo)tin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](=O)CCCC JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTLYKVGGKZYRRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L dibutyltin(2+);difluoride Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](F)(F)CCCC UTLYKVGGKZYRRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001746 electroactive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005323 electroforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SBFKENUEAOCRNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K indium(3+);triformate Chemical compound [In+3].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O SBFKENUEAOCRNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001550 time effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/016—Heaters using particular connecting means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrically heatable glass pane, which has an electrically conductive coating on the surface of the glass pane, as well as a special contacting of this electrically conductive coating. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing this glass sheet and a window comprising the glass sheet according to the invention. Likewise possible uses of the glass pane are specified.
- LCDs liquid crystal displays
- TFT thin-film transistors
- cover electrodes for electroluminescent displays computer screen elements up to electrostatic shielding elements, heating elements for mirrors and burglar alarm glazings and the like.
- thermoplastic films or plates are coated, for example, by means of low-temperature sputtering and vapor deposition techniques.
- ITO indium tin oxide
- NESA tin oxide
- electroactive polymer films such as polyanilines, polythiophenes, polyacetylenes, polypyrroles (Handbook of Conducting Polymers, 1986) and the like polymers with and without metal oxide filling.
- One particular type of electrically conductive and highly transparent float glass is the pyrolytically produced layers, which have a high surface hardness and whose surface electrical resistance is typical over a very wide range a few milliohms to 3,000 ohms per square can be adjusted with a typical daylight transmission of 77 to 86%.
- the TEC glass from Pilkington Libbey-Owens-Ford, Toledo OH, USA is mentioned here.
- a glass called TEC 15/4 has a glass thickness of 4 mm and has a surface resistance of less than 14 ohms per square with a daylight transmittance of 83%.
- a glass called TEC 70/4 also has a 4 mm glass thickness and has a surface resistivity of less than 80 ohms per square, with a daylight transmittance of 82%.
- Such glasses can be well deformed and have good scratch resistance. In particular, scratches do not lead to an electrical interruption of the electrically conductive surface layer, but only to a mostly slight increase in surface resistance.
- damage to the surface such as, for example, scratches or cracks due to thermal surface tensions, leads to an interruption of the electrical surface conductivity and thus to a failure of the system.
- pyrolytically produced conductive surface layers are diffused and anchored so strongly into the surface by their temperature treatment that an extremely high adhesion to the glass substrate is given in a subsequent application of material, which is also very advantageous for the present invention.
- coatings have good homogeneity, ie, a low scattering of the surface resistance value over large surfaces, and this property likewise represents an advantage for the present development.
- K glasses as an electric heating element for example mirror heating and the like is also already known.
- WO 01/10790 is a glass article for use in building technology to reduce the heating caused by sunlight.
- a coating of a glass substrate based on antimony-doped tin-oxide layers in combination with fluorine-doped tin-oxide layers is termed such that a high light transmittance of the visible light is achieved and at the same time a low permeability of sunlight is given.
- a window element for a showcase formed of a tempered glass plate having on at least one side a transparent and electrically conductive coating and a pair of electrically conductive busbars, wherein the conductive coating can be heated.
- a spaced two-pane window element is described; while the inside of the outer glass or the outside of the inner glass is heated.
- the electrically conductive coating is formed from the group consisting of tin oxide, indium tin oxide, zinc oxide and cadmium stannate, has a thickness of 50 to 900 nanometers and each bus bar of the busbar Pair of electrically conductive material, which is selected from the group silver, silver alloy, copper and copper alloy.
- the EP 0 300 300 B1 describes a method for applying a colored coating on a surface of a glass sheet by means of screen printing technique and using pasty to flowable coating mixtures of phyllosilicates, oxides, metal modifications and carbon modifications with a binder solution based on phosphate and thus to a glaze-free coating mixture and so applied to the glass surface at Temperatures in the range between 550 to 700 ° C baked.
- the coating mixture is rendered conductive by adding carbon black of up to 10 parts by weight, and thus treated glass sheets provide good fracture toughness, good adhesion and scratch resistance, as well as good corrosion resistance and good suitability for laminated safety panes.
- EP 0 394 089 B1 is an electrically heatable glass pane with an electrically conductive, transparent serving as a heating surface coating, arranged along two opposite disc edges power supply conductors and with a frame-like decorative layer of an opaque and electrically conductive paint, in particular a Einbrennde described.
- the two current supply conductors are in electrically conductive contact with the surface coating and consist of metal foil strips or metal strips which are in electrical contact with the decorative layer in the region of the frame-shaped decorative layer.
- arc spraying processes for producing contact strips are by no means mentioned.
- EP 0 397 292 B1 describes a process for producing a thin transparent and electrically conductive layer of metal oxide (s) on a substrate, in particular on glass. This is accomplished by spraying metal compounds of indium formate and exemplified by dibutyltin oxide and / or dibutyltin difluoride as a powder in suspension in a carrier gas onto the elevated temperature substrate which will decompose in contact with the substrate and oxidize to form the metallic oxide layer Powder is pyrolyzed in contact with the substrate to form a thin layer based on indium oxide.
- an electrically heatable glass pane which has at least one electrically conductive coating applied to at least one side of the glass pane and at least one contacting applied at least in regions on the coating, wherein the contacting is designed as a spray coating.
- the invention thus relates to a glass pane, in particular for use as a window, glass door, glass partition or glass radiator in buildings, automobiles, mobile and stationary equipment and the like applications.
- a glass pane in particular for use as a window, glass door, glass partition or glass radiator in buildings, automobiles, mobile and stationary equipment and the like applications.
- two or more equal or dissimilar spaced glass sheets of flat glass also referred to as float glass, of a thickness of a few mm to about 21 mm, typically used of 4 mm thickness and 16 mm spacing.
- the embodiments may be designed according to the properties for the heat protection, the sun protection, the sound insulation, the fire protection, the persons and property protection and the like or also for combinations of the mentioned types.
- a typical flat glass dimension is exemplarily 6.00 x 3.21 meters. From these, the panes are made for typical multi-pane insulating glass structures, wherein the edge seal hermetically sealed spaces are produced, which are usually filled by a noble gas wherein the gas pressure is adjusted according to the barometric air pressure at the place and at the time of production. Thus, at the time of production, there is a balance between the pressure in the glazing unit and the external barometric pressure in the production environment.
- multi-pane insulating glass structures can also be formed from disks which have a coating on one or both sides and thus the reflection and / or transmission in desired wavelength ranges of the light
- the individual panes can be made to be prestressed or through-dyed, or they can be formed from safety glass.
- Safety glass or safety insulating glass is originally for the automotive industry developed glasses for vehicle glazing and such sandwich-like safety glass elements are increasingly used today in building services. Basically, a distinction is made between toughened safety glass and laminated safety glass. In principle, both types can be used in the present invention.
- a typical safety glass structure consists of two float glass panes with a thin inner layer of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethanes (PU), polyvinyl chlorides (PVC) or similar polymers with corresponding refractive indices greater than 1 and less than 2, typically in the range of 1.5.
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- PU polyurethanes
- PVC polyvinyl chlorides
- the so-called k value is important for the present invention.
- the heat transfer coefficient k indicates how much energy, expressed in watts per square meter of glass surface and degree of temperature difference in Kelvin (W / m 2 K), is lost.
- a small k value means less energy loss.
- Typical k-values of single-pane glasses of a few mm thickness are 5 to 6 W / m 2 K, while modern insulating glass structures of, for example, 4 mm float glass and 16 mm argon gas and 4 mm float glass, depending on the type of coating, have k values in the range 1, Reach 7 to 1.1 W / m 2 K.
- the contacting is formed from materials which are selected from the group consisting of metals or alloys thereof with a conductivity ⁇ of more than 1 ⁇ 10 6 S / m, in particular metals or alloys selected from the group consisting of tin, Zinc, silver, palladium, aluminum, tungsten, rhenium, tungsten-rhenium, molybdenum, molybdenum-rhenium, rhodium.
- the contacting is expediently applied to at least two points of the electrically conductive coating (these locations can be arranged, for example, on opposite sides on a surface of the disk), wherein the contacting itself is formed from at least one layer.
- the contacting comprises at least two layers, wherein the materials of the at least two layers may be the same or different.
- the total thickness of the contacting is preferably from 0.001 to 5.0 mm, preferably from 0.01 to 1.0 mm, particularly preferably from 0.05 to 0.3 mm.
- the contacting may e.g. be applied in the form of contact strips or as busbars.
- the contacting is applied by means of a galvanoplastic process, such as plasma spraying or flame spraying, whereby the contact is not formed as a uniform, continuous metal layer, but has a granular structuring or is formed porous.
- the contact thus has a certain surface roughness.
- Suitable materials for the electrically conductive coating are, in particular, materials which are selected from the group consisting of indium tin oxide, tin oxide doped with antimony and / or fluorine, zinc oxide, cadmium stannate and / or combinations thereof.
- the coating can be in particular according to the in the EP 0 397 292 produce described method.
- a thin electrically conductive and largely transparent Layer is very well suited to the present invention.
- the layer thickness of the electrically conductive coating is selected such that preferably the transmission of the coating in the wavelength range of 250 nm ⁇ ⁇ 850 nm, measured at a layer thickness of 0.3 to 0, 5 microns, preferably 0.4 microns, between 60 and 99%, preferably between 75 and 90%.
- the glass pane on which the coating and the contact is applied is not limited to specific types of glass, but all types of glass can be used.
- float glass, single-pane safety glass or laminated glass panes come into question here.
- the laminated glass panes preferably include casting resins or tough elastic thermoplastic films, in particular a polyvinyl butyrate, polyurethane or polyvinyl chloride film in order to produce the composite.
- a window is likewise provided which comprises at least one of the previously described glass sheets according to the invention.
- At least one further glass pane is arranged at a distance from the glass pane, preferably at a distance of 3 to 20 mm, more preferably 8 to 10 mm.
- the further glass pane can have a heat-reflecting coating, at least on the side facing the first glass pane.
- the coating is selected as a function of the wavelength range to be reflected and consists of metals and / or alloys known to those skilled in the art.
- a method for electrically contacting a glass pane provided with at least one heating layer, in which the order of the electrical contacting by means of a galvanoplastic process selected from the group consisting of plasma spraying, flame spraying, high-velocity flame spraying, detonation spraying, cold gas spraying, arc spraying, plasma Powder-surfacing and / or laser spraying at least partially on the heating layer.
- a galvanoplastic process selected from the group consisting of plasma spraying, flame spraying, high-velocity flame spraying, detonation spraying, cold gas spraying, arc spraying, plasma Powder-surfacing and / or laser spraying at least partially on the heating layer.
- Transparent heating elements based on an electrically conductive and largely transparent coated surface require at least on two opposite sides as well as possible electrically conductive contact strips or so-called busbars. As long as only low electrical power must be introduced to electrically conductive surfaces, rich spring contacts or carbon-filled rubber elements or so-called zebra rubber strips. Often conductive adhesive pastes are used based on silver or palladium or copper or gold filled polymer adhesive. For heating elements that should work for very long periods of time with very high temperature differences and high electrical currents, such conductive adhesives have not been proven and offers the arc spraying very significant functional and structural and cost advantages.
- the layer thickness can be chosen as freely within a wide range of typically 0.05 to 0.30 mm as their geometric arrangement and the composition of the metallic elements.
- the heating layer is applied during the manufacturing process of the glass, therefore good adhesion between the glass and the heating layer is achieved.
- the aluminum layer is subsequently applied with atomization. Due to the high energy density and speed also creates a good bond with the glass and the heating layer.
- the aluminum layer serves as a bonding agent for the conductive zinc layer.
- the zinc layer is also applied by sputtering. It serves as a solderable view for an electronic connection to the power supply.
- the material can also be soldered.
- FIG. 1 a sectional view of a glass pane 18 according to the invention is shown.
- the support structure and base forms a float glass pane 3, to which an electrically conductive coating 5 (eg of ITO) is applied.
- This coating 5 can be applied by methods known from the prior art, for example by means of sputtering.
- the contact 10 is applied, which is formed in this case of two separate layers of aluminum 19 and zinc 20. Both the aluminum 19 and the zinc coating 20 are applied via electroforming processes (eg by means of plasma or arc spraying).
- FIG. 2 a simple basic embodiment of a transparent heating element 1 based on a float glass 2 outside and a spaced float glass 3 is shown.
- the two float glasses are spaced apart by spacers 6 and at the same time effect the sealing of the noble gas 8.
- a high molecular weight noble gas for example krypton
- a float glass 3 is now internally provided with an electrically conductive and largely transparent coating 5 (see FIG FIG. 1 ) Mistake.
- At desired points, which are generally located at at least two spaced locations of the coated float glass 3, 5, so-called contact strips 10 are applied by means of the arc spraying method, in particular by means of the flame spraying method and the plasma spraying method.
- the attachment can be made by means of soldering, friction welding, ultrasonic welding or even by means of non-positive contact elements 7, wherein in a specific embodiment, the flat surface of the contact elements 10 is provided with a rough and electrically good conductive surface and this rough contact surface when pressing on the MaisierstMail 10th In small arbitrarily distributed areas, the surface is permanently deformed and optionally penetrates a vulnerable surface oxide layer and produces such a good and low-resistance contact between the contacting elements 7 and the contact strips 10.
- the float glass pane 2 is preferably used on the outside with a coating 4 arranged on the inside.
- this coating 4 once the function of the heat reflection of the heated surface of the electrically conductive coating 5 and can also serve to reduce the heat radiation by solar radiation and must be designed in this case such that from the outside of the float glass pane 2 outside penetrating light is reflected accordingly.
- the float glass pane 2 may already have a body color on the outside, that is to say consist of a float glass colored in the mass, as a result of which the solar radiation is absorbed to a greater degree and discharged convectively to the outside.
- the sun protection effect depends on the color and the thickness of the float glass used.
- a thermal insulation can be achieved only in conjunction with a corresponding coating 4 and a noble gas filling 8 or with the coating 5.
- a heating of the coating 5 is effected depending on the impressed electrical power and furthermore the heat radiation 9 is predominantly effected to only one side of the transparent heating element and can thus be a cost-effective and planar and substantially transparent heating element 1 getting produced.
- a radiator with 100 watts per square meter at about 37 volts and about 2.7 amps can be achieved.
- a Coating 5 of 80 ohms per square and 50 watts per square meter typically 63 volts and 0.80 amps are needed.
- such a transparent heating element 1 is therefore not a primary heating element, but such transparent heating elements 1 are intended to support space heating and well-being and can thus be used architecturally very interesting planar heating elements that promote human well-being.
- FIG. 3 a further schematic representation of an arrangement according to the invention in a sectional side view in the form of 3 spaced float glass panes 3, 15, 2 is shown.
- Such a design now has two cavities 8, which are filled with inert gas and additionally has a float glass 15 in the center.
- This float glass 15 can now be provided on both sides with a thin coating 12, 4.
- the coating 4 is formed as a reflector for thermal radiation.
- the coating 12 may be designed to reduce the solar radiation heat.
- the coating 11 of the float glass pane 2 on the outside is preferably also designed to reduce the heat radiation through the sun, but can also perceive optical functions as well as heat protection functions.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of an arrangement according to the invention in a sectional side view of a laminated glass pane 14 is shown.
- a laminated glass pane consists of at least two float glass panes 2, 3 and a centrally arranged inner layer 13.
- Such inner layers 13 are preferably made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or polyurethane (PU) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and the like permanently elastic thin polymeric materials with good and high transparency and a typical refractive index of 1.5.
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- PU polyurethane
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- Such laminated glass panes 13 are often referred to as safety glass or as safety insulating glass or designed specifically for this purpose and are often used in the automotive industry as well as in special glazing elements, such as a glass door, in building technology and security technology.
- a thin coating 4 on the inside of the float glass pane 2 and on the float glass pane 3 on the inside an electrically conductive and largely transparent coating 5 are preferably applied.
- the coating 4 should have heat radiation insulating properties and may additionally on the top of the float glass 2, a further thin and transparent coating in analogy to the coating 12, as in the FIG. 3 described, have.
- transparent heating elements 1 can be designed with more than 3 float glass panes 1, 15, 3; as well as a combination with laminated glass 14 is possible.
Landscapes
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL09009630T PL2278851T3 (pl) | 2009-07-24 | 2009-07-24 | Ogrzewana elektrycznie szyba szklana, sposób jej wytwarzania oraz okno |
| DK09009630.6T DK2278851T3 (da) | 2009-07-24 | 2009-07-24 | Elektrisk opvarmbart vinduesglas, fremgangsmåde til fremstilling deraf og vindue |
| ES09009630T ES2425843T3 (es) | 2009-07-24 | 2009-07-24 | Panel de vidrio térmico eléctrico, procedimiento para su fabricación, así como ventana |
| EP09009630.6A EP2278851B1 (fr) | 2009-07-24 | 2009-07-24 | Plaque de verre pouvant être chauffée électriquement, son procédé de fabrication et fenêtre |
| CA2710361A CA2710361C (fr) | 2009-07-24 | 2010-07-16 | Vitre a chauffage electrique, procede de ralisation connexe et fenetre |
| US12/804,472 US8633426B2 (en) | 2009-07-24 | 2010-07-22 | Electrically heatable sheet of glass, method for production thereof and also window |
| CN201010234853.3A CN101962270B (zh) | 2009-07-24 | 2010-07-23 | 可电加热的玻璃板和该玻璃板的制造方法以及窗 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP09009630.6A EP2278851B1 (fr) | 2009-07-24 | 2009-07-24 | Plaque de verre pouvant être chauffée électriquement, son procédé de fabrication et fenêtre |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2278851A1 true EP2278851A1 (fr) | 2011-01-26 |
| EP2278851B1 EP2278851B1 (fr) | 2013-05-29 |
Family
ID=42102562
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP09009630.6A Not-in-force EP2278851B1 (fr) | 2009-07-24 | 2009-07-24 | Plaque de verre pouvant être chauffée électriquement, son procédé de fabrication et fenêtre |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8633426B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2278851B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN101962270B (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2710361C (fr) |
| DK (1) | DK2278851T3 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2425843T3 (fr) |
| PL (1) | PL2278851T3 (fr) |
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| WO2012168628A1 (fr) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-13 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Element chauffant a couche |
| WO2013020863A1 (fr) * | 2011-08-09 | 2013-02-14 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Contacts électriques composites, procédé de fabrication de contacts électriques composites |
| WO2014173595A1 (fr) * | 2013-04-25 | 2014-10-30 | Epcos Ag | Dispositif et procédé permettant d'établir une liaison électroconductrice et mécanique |
| WO2016146856A1 (fr) * | 2015-03-19 | 2016-09-22 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Procédé de dépôt d'une barre omnibus sur des vitres en plastique de véhicule avec fonction de chauffage |
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| EA028795B1 (ru) * | 2012-08-01 | 2017-12-29 | Сэн-Гобэн Гласс Франс | Многослойное стекло с электрическим контактом |
| CN102925845B (zh) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-12-10 | 浙江爱仕达电器股份有限公司 | 一种家用电磁炉微晶玻璃面板的加工方法及其制得的产品 |
| CN102925846B (zh) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-12-10 | 浙江爱仕达电器股份有限公司 | 一种微晶玻璃面板的加工方法及其制得的产品 |
| JP6381780B2 (ja) | 2014-08-08 | 2018-08-29 | サン−ゴバン グラス フランスＳａｉｎｔ−Ｇｏｂａｉｎ Ｇｌａｓｓ Ｆｒａｎｃｅ | 電気加熱層を備えた透明窓板、透明窓板の製造方法及び透明窓板の使用 |
| CN104389480A (zh) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-03-04 | 浙江金辰玻璃有限公司 | 分块加热式玻璃门 |
| CN105992401B (zh) * | 2015-02-11 | 2019-10-29 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | 红外加热装置和电加热器具 |
| CA2994235A1 (fr) * | 2015-11-19 | 2017-05-26 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Dispositif de vitre d'alarme |
| EP3378045A1 (fr) | 2015-11-19 | 2018-09-26 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Ensemble vitre à alarme |
| HUP1600431A2 (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-29 | Ferenc Rakosy | Enhanced power and uniform heat distribution heating glass |
| US10490036B2 (en) | 2016-08-02 | 2019-11-26 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Alarm pane assembly |
| BR112018072275A2 (pt) | 2016-08-02 | 2019-02-12 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | montagem de painel de alarme |
| WO2018102820A1 (fr) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-07 | Rakosy Glass Ip, Llc | Structure de verre chauffante |
| CN107874673A (zh) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-04-06 | 太仓耀华玻璃有限公司 | 一种具有电加热功能的夹层玻璃及其制备方法 |
| KR102058865B1 (ko) * | 2018-04-12 | 2019-12-24 | (주)아이엠 | 초가속 열소재를 이용한 발열 디바이스 및 이의 제조방법 |
| CN109025696A (zh) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-12-18 | 苏州东方空间技术工程有限公司 | 一种密闭隔音间玻璃窗结构 |
| CN109862639B (zh) * | 2019-03-26 | 2021-12-07 | 北京航天发射技术研究所 | 一种具有电加热和屏蔽功能的玻璃 |
| CN110028252B (zh) * | 2019-05-22 | 2020-09-11 | 西安工业大学 | 一种提高玻璃基底发热涂层工作稳定性的方法 |
| EP4061633A1 (fr) * | 2019-11-18 | 2022-09-28 | AGC Glass Europe | Vitrage feuilleté |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EA031770B1 (ru) * | 2011-06-07 | 2019-02-28 | Сэн-Гобэн Гласс Франс | Пленочный нагревательный элемент |
| FR2976439A1 (fr) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-14 | Saint Gobain | Element chauffant a couche |
| US10237919B2 (en) | 2011-06-07 | 2019-03-19 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Film-type heating element |
| WO2012168628A1 (fr) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-13 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Element chauffant a couche |
| KR20140048234A (ko) * | 2011-08-09 | 2014-04-23 | 쌩-고벵 글래스 프랑스 | 전기 접점 복합체 및 전기 접점 복합체의 제조 방법 |
| US9837732B2 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2017-12-05 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Electrical contact composites and method for producing electrical contact composites |
| JP2014527265A (ja) * | 2011-08-09 | 2014-10-09 | サン−ゴバン グラス フランス | 電気コンタクト複合部材および該電気コンタクト複合部材の製造方法 |
| WO2013020863A1 (fr) * | 2011-08-09 | 2013-02-14 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Contacts électriques composites, procédé de fabrication de contacts électriques composites |
| US10770806B2 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2020-09-08 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Electrical contact composites and method for producing electrical contact composites |
| WO2014173595A1 (fr) * | 2013-04-25 | 2014-10-30 | Epcos Ag | Dispositif et procédé permettant d'établir une liaison électroconductrice et mécanique |
| US10319493B2 (en) | 2013-04-25 | 2019-06-11 | Epcos Ag | Apparatus and method for establishing an electrically conductive and mechanical connection |
| WO2016146856A1 (fr) * | 2015-03-19 | 2016-09-22 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Procédé de dépôt d'une barre omnibus sur des vitres en plastique de véhicule avec fonction de chauffage |
| US10716172B2 (en) | 2015-03-19 | 2020-07-14 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Method for depositing a busbar on vehicle plastic panes with a heating function |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20120080421A1 (en) | 2012-04-05 |
| PL2278851T3 (pl) | 2013-11-29 |
| US8633426B2 (en) | 2014-01-21 |
| DK2278851T3 (da) | 2013-08-26 |
| CA2710361C (fr) | 2014-06-17 |
| ES2425843T3 (es) | 2013-10-17 |
| CA2710361A1 (fr) | 2011-01-24 |
| CN101962270A (zh) | 2011-02-02 |
| CN101962270B (zh) | 2015-01-21 |
| EP2278851B1 (fr) | 2013-05-29 |
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