EP2254681A2 - Structure de filtration de gaz - Google Patents
Structure de filtration de gazInfo
- Publication number
- EP2254681A2 EP2254681A2 EP09721313A EP09721313A EP2254681A2 EP 2254681 A2 EP2254681 A2 EP 2254681A2 EP 09721313 A EP09721313 A EP 09721313A EP 09721313 A EP09721313 A EP 09721313A EP 2254681 A2 EP2254681 A2 EP 2254681A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- channels
- walls
- structure according
- filter
- center
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
- B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
- B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
- B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
- B01D46/2474—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure of the walls along the length of the honeycomb
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
- B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
- B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
- B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
- B01D46/247—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure of the cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
- B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
- B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
- B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
- B01D46/2478—Structures comprising honeycomb segments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
- B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
- B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
- B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
- B01D46/2482—Thickness, height, width, length or diameter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
- B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
- B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
- B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
- B01D46/2484—Cell density, area or aspect ratio
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
- B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
- B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
- B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
- B01D46/2486—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure characterised by the shapes or configurations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
- F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2279/00—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
- B01D2279/30—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for treatment of exhaust gases from IC Engines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
- B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
- B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
- B01D46/2498—The honeycomb filter being defined by mathematical relationships
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
- F01N2330/48—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details characterised by the number of flow passages, e.g. cell density
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of filter structures optionally comprising a catalytic component, for example used in an exhaust line of a diesel-type internal combustion engine.
- Filters for the treatment of gases and the removal of soot typically from a diesel engine are well known in the prior art. These structures most often have a honeycomb structure, one of the faces of the structure allowing the admission of the exhaust gas to be treated and the other side the evacuation of the treated exhaust gas.
- the structure comprises, between these intake and discharge faces, a set of adjacent ducts or channels, most often of square section, with axes parallel to each other separated by porous walls.
- the ducts are closed at one or the other of their ends to define inlet chambers opening along the inlet face and outlet chambers opening along the discharge face.
- the channels are alternately closed in an order such that the exhaust gases, during the crossing of the honeycomb body, are forced to pass through the sidewalls of the inlet channels to join the outlet channels. In this way, the particles or soot are deposited and accumulate on the porous walls of the filter body.
- porous ceramic filters for example made of cordierite, alumina, aluminum titanate, mullite, silicon nitride or a silicon / silicon carbide mixture are used for the filtration of gases. or silicon carbide.
- the particulate filter is subjected to a succession of filtration phases (accumulation of soot) and regeneration (removal of soot).
- filtration phases the soot particles emitted by the engine are retained and are deposited inside the filter.
- regeneration phases the soot particles are burned inside the filter, in order to restore its filtration properties.
- the porous structure is then subjected to radial, tangential thermomechanical stresses and intense axial, which can lead to micro-cracking likely over time to cause a severe loss of filtration capacity of the unit, or even its complete deactivation. This phenomenon is particularly observed on monolithic filters of large diameter.
- filtering structures associating several blocks or monolithic unit elements in honeycomb.
- the elements are most often assembled together by gluing by means of a glue or cement of a ceramic nature, hereinafter called seal cement.
- seal cement a glue or cement of a ceramic nature
- Examples of such filtering structures are described in particular in patent applications EP 816 065, EP 1 142 619, EP 1 455 923, WO 2004/090294 or WO 2005/063462.
- the coefficients of thermal expansion of the different parts of the structure must be of substantially the same order.
- the assembled filters currently marketed for light vehicles typically comprise approximately 10 to 20 unit elements having, in a cross-section, a square, rectangular or hexagonal section and whose elemental surface in section is between about 13 cm 2 and about 25 cm 2 . These elements consist of a plurality of channels of usually square section.
- the increase of the pressure drop as a function of the soot loading level of the filter is in particular directly measurable by the loading slope ⁇ P / M su ⁇ e s, in which ⁇ P represents the pressure drop and M sul es the accumulated soot mass in the filter.
- filter elements whose shape and the internal volume of the inlet and outlet channels are different.
- the wall elements follow one another, in cross section and following a horizontal row and / or vertical channels, to define a sinusoidal shape or wave (wavy in English).
- the wall elements typically wave a half-period of sinusoid across the width of a channel.
- the thermal mass of this type of filters known from the prior art makes it possible to limit the thermal gradients and thus to avoid thermal shocks during the regeneration phase. Furthermore, the transformation of pollutant emissions into the gas phase (ie mainly carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbons (HC), or even nitrogen oxides (NO x ) or sulfur oxides (SO x )). less harmful gases (such as water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2) or nitrogen gas (N 2 )) require additional catalytic treatment.
- the most advanced current filters thus additionally have a catalytic component.
- the catalytic function is generally obtained by impregnating the honeycomb structure with a solution comprising the catalyst or a precursor of the catalyst, generally based on a precious metal of the platinum group.
- the catalyst may, cumulatively or alternatively, be introduced into the fuel.
- Such catalytic filters are effective in the treatment of pollutant gases when the temperature reached within the filter is greater than the minimum temperature of activity of the catalyst.
- An initiation or activation temperature is also defined, which corresponds, for given pressure and gas flow conditions, to the temperature at which a catalyst converts 50% by volume of the polluting gases into non-polluting species. Depending on the pressure and gas flow conditions, this temperature generally varies between about 10O 0 C and about 240 0 C for an SiC-based filter comprising a noble metal catalyst of the platinum family.
- the so-called "light down” time also known as the time of defusing or deactivation, corresponding to the time required for the hot filter to reach substantially, during cooling, on average and in all its volume, the catalyst initiation temperature. This period is characteristic of a given filter and the catalyst used, whether the catalyst is previously deposited on the filter or introduced into the fuel.
- the object of the invention is to propose a filtering structure which, at constant mass, has a better filtration efficiency, in particular in terms of defusing time, and a lower loading slope than the known structures of the prior art. .
- the subject of the invention is a structure for filtering particles-loaded gases of the honeycomb type and comprising a set of longitudinal adjacent channels with parallel axes separated by porous filtering walls, said channels being alternately plugged at either end of the structure so as to define inlet channels and outlet channels for the gas to be filtered, and to force said gas to pass through the porous walls separating the input and output channels, said structure being such that in cross-section:
- porous walls have corrugations so as to be concave with respect to the center of the inlet channels and convex at their center with respect to the center of the outlet channels,
- the output channels have at least one rounded corner.
- the corrugated walls preferably represent at least a quarter or even half of the walls of the structure, the others may for example be rectilinear.
- all the walls are not corrugated, it is preferred that, along a given axis, all the walls or one wall out of two are corrugated.
- each inlet channel may have two concave walls with respect to its center and facing each other, each outlet channel having two walls facing each other. and being convex in their middle relative to the center of the channel.
- each input channel has only one concave wall with respect to its center
- each output channel has only one convex wall in the middle. in relation to the center of the canal.
- other configurations are possible, for example in which, along the two axes, one wall out of two is corrugated, the channels having two contiguous walls concave or convex and two straight walls.
- all the porous walls have corrugations so as to be concave with respect to the center of the inlet channels and convex in their middle relative to the center of the outlet channels.
- the structure is such that, in a cross section, the porous walls along a first axis are rectilinear, while the porous walls along a second axis, perpendicular to the first axis, are corrugated so as to be concave relative to the center of the input and convex channels in their middle relative to the center of the output channels.
- the corrugations are preferably sinusoidal, in particular such that the ratio T between the amplitude (h) and the half-period (p) is less than or equal to 0.2, in particular to 0.15.
- the amplitude h is defined as the distance between the highest point of the sinusoid and the lowest point.
- the ratio T is preferably less than or equal to 0.12 and / or greater than or equal to 0.05, especially 0.07 and even 0.9. Too high a ratio may limit too much the volume of the output channels which leads to an increase in the pressure drop and may make it more difficult to manufacture the filters. Too low a ratio is too close to a conventional structure with square channels and flat walls to fully benefit from all the advantages of the invention.
- the half-period of the sinusoidal walls is preferably equal to the period of the filtering structure.
- the period of the filtering structure is defined as the distance between the center of an output channel and the center of an input channel adjacent to that output channel.
- the ratio R is preferably between 1.1 and 2.0.
- the structure obtained can be described as asymmetrical, in the sense that the overall volume of the input channels is greater than the total volume of the output channels. This This configuration makes it possible to increase the area available for filtration and / or catalysis, thereby decreasing the pressure drop of the filters and the soot loading slope.
- the exit channels preferably have two or at least two rounded corners, and preferably four rounded corners. All corners are preferably rounded.
- the output channels preferably have four corners, in particular all rounded. Their transverse section is in this case delimited by at least two (and in particular four) convex walls in their middle relative to the center of the channel.
- the radius of curvature of the or each rounded corner of the outlet channels is preferably such that the ratio of the period of the filtering structure to the radius of curvature is between 1, 5 and 1000, preferably between 2 and 500, and even more preferably between 4 and 100, or even between 5 and 20.
- a too high radius of curvature penalizes the pressure drop, whereas a radius of curvature that is too small does not make it possible to obtain, in a completely satisfactory manner, the advantages related to the invention.
- Input channels may also have one or more rounded corners, including 1, 2, 3 or 4 rounded corners.
- the rounded corners may also have a radius of curvature such that the ratio of the period of the filtering structure to the radius of curvature is between 1, 5 and 1000, preferably between 2 and 500 and even more preferably between 4 and This characteristic is however not preferred because it leads to increase the thermal inertia of the filters, which can certainly contribute to improving the thermomechanical resistance of the filter, but at the expense of the activation time of the filter. catalyst.
- the input channels therefore do not have rounded corners.
- the soul of a wall is defined as an imaginary line which, in a transverse section, shares a given wall in two portions of equal thickness.
- the distance E 0 is defined as the distance between the corner of an outlet channel and the point of intersection between the two wall cores closest to said corner.
- the distance E mn is defined as the minimum distance, for a given channel, between the inner surface of the wall and the core of this wall.
- the ratio E c / E mn is preferably greater than or equal to 3, in particular 3.1.
- the section of the channels in cross-section is preferably constant over the entire length of the structure. It is also preferred that the sections of all the output channels are identical, with the possible exception of the channels located at the periphery of the filter structure or the channels of the structures located at the periphery of the filter. The same characteristic is also preferred for the input channels.
- the thickness of the walls is preferably between 150 and 500 micrometers, in particular between 200 and 500 micrometers, or even between 300 and 400 micrometers.
- the channel density is preferably between 150 and 500 micrometers, in particular between 200 and 500 micrometers, or even between 300 and 400 micrometers.
- the porosity of the material constituting the filtering walls of the filter is preferably between 30 and 70% by volume and / or the median pore diameter is preferably between 5 and 40 ⁇ m.
- the walls are preferably based on silicon carbide, which has a very good chemical resistance and at high temperatures.
- the walls may also be of a material chosen from cordierite, alumina, aluminum titanate, mullite, silicon nitride, sintered metals, a silicon / silicon carbide mixture, or any of their mixtures.
- At least part or even all of the surface of the inlet channels is preferably coated with a catalyst intended to promote the elimination of pollutant gases (such as CO, HC, NO x ) and / or soot.
- pollutant gases such as CO, HC, NO x
- the filtering structure described above may thus be deposited, preferably by impregnation, at least one active catalytic phase, preferably comprising a precious metal such as Pt, Pd, Rh and optionally an oxide selected from CeO 2, ZrO 2, or one of their mixtures.
- a precious metal such as Pt, Pd, Rh and optionally an oxide selected from CeO 2, ZrO 2, or one of their mixtures.
- the active principle is usually deposited according to well-known heterogeneous catalysis techniques, in the porosity of a support layer in general based on oxide with a high specific surface area, for example alumina, titanium oxide, silica, ceria or zirconium oxide.
- the invention also relates to an assembled filter comprising a plurality of filter structures as previously described, said structures being bonded together by a cement.
- Structures can be, in cross section, square, rectangular, triangular or hexagonal.
- a hexagonal shape has the advantage of improving the thermomechanical resistance of the constant mass filter and thus allows the use of larger monolithic structures.
- Another subject of the invention is the use of a filtration structure or of an assembled filter as previously described as a depollution device on an exhaust line of a Diesel or Petrol engine, preferably Diesel.
- Figures 1 and 2 are front elevational views of a portion of the gas evacuation face of a filter according to the prior art.
- Figures 3 to 5 are front elevational views of a portion of the gas evacuation face of a filter according to the invention.
- Figure 6 is a front elevational view of a portion of the gas evacuation face of a filter according to a comparative example which will be discussed later.
- FIG. 1 shows a portion of the evacuation face of a filtration structure according to the prior art, in particular according to the application WO 2005/016491.
- the structure is of the honeycomb type and comprises a set of adjacent channels 11 and 12, longitudinal axes parallel to each other, and separated by porous filtering walls 13.
- the channels 11, 12 are alternately blocked by plugs 14 at either end of the structure so as to define inlet channels 11 and outlet channels 12 for the gas to be filtered, and so as to force said gas to pass through the porous walls 13.
- the face shown being a gas evacuation face (rear face of the filter), the plugs 14 plug the inlet channels 11.
- At the opposite side on the contrary front face or admission face of the gases), are the output channels 12 which are plugged.
- FIG. 1 shows a portion of the evacuation face of a filtration structure according to the prior art, in particular according to the application WO 2005/016491.
- the structure is of the honeycomb type and comprises a set of adjacent channels 11 and 12, longitudinal axes parallel to
- FIG. 1 is such that, in transverse section, the porous walls 13 have sinusoidal corrugations so that said porous walls 13 are concave with respect to the center of the inlet channels 11 and convex with respect to the center of the output channels 12.
- the ratio R is of the order of 1, 6.
- Figure 2 shows the structure of Figure 1, the plugs 14 are no longer shown.
- the core 15 of some walls 13 is shown in dotted lines, and takes the sinusoidal form of the undulations of the walls 13.
- the amplitude h and the half-period p of the sinusoid are shown schematically in the figure, as well as the quantities E 0 and E mn .
- the distance E 0 is defined as being the distance between the corner 16 of an outlet channel 12 and the point of intersection between the two wall cores closest to said corner 16.
- the distance E mn is defined as being the minimum distance, for a given channel, between the inner surface of the wall and the core 15 of this wall 13.
- the ratio E c / E mn is of the order of 2.
- Figure 3 illustrates a filtration structure according to the invention.
- the structure is of the honeycomb type and comprises a set of adjacent channels 21 and 22, longitudinal axes parallel to each other, and separated by porous filter walls 23.
- the channels 21 and 22 are alternately blocked by plugs 24 at either end of the structure so as to define inlet channels 21 and outlet channels 22 for the gas to be filtered, and to force said gas to pass through the porous walls 23.
- the face shown being the gas evacuation face (rear face of the filter), the plugs 24 close the inlet channels 21.
- the output channels 22 At the opposite face on the contrary (front face or admission face of the gases), are the output channels 22 which are plugged.
- the porous walls 23 have sinusoidal corrugations so that said porous walls 23 are concave with respect to the center of the inlet channels 21 and convex at their center with respect to the center of the outlet channels 22.
- the ratio R is of the order of 1, 7.
- the outlet channels 22 have four corners 25, all rounded, thus defining four curves, located at each corner 25 of the channel, and concave with respect to the center of the channel 22.
- Other embodiments are of course possible, in which the number of rounded corners is two, or three, for each output channel 22.
- each outlet channel 22 each have a single convexity at their center with respect to the center of the channel 22, and the four walls 23 delimiting an inlet channel 21 each have a single concavity with respect to the center of the channel 21.
- FIG. 4 are diagrammatically represented the quantities E 0 and E mn .
- the ratio E c / E mn is higher than in the structures of the prior art, in this case greater than 3.
- the core of some walls is represented in dashed lines 26.
- FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment, in which the porous walls 27 along a first axis x are rectilinear, while the porous walls 23, along a second axis y, perpendicular to the first axis x, are corrugated so as to be concave relative to the center of the inlet channels 21 and convex in their middle relative to the center of the outlet channels 22.
- each outlet channel 22 is delimited by two rectilinear walls 27 facing each other and by two corrugated walls 23 which are convex in their middle with respect to the center of the channel.
- Each input channel 21 is itself delimited by two rectilinear walls 27 facing each other and two corrugated walls 23 also facing each other and being concave with respect to the center of the channel.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a filter according to a comparative example, thus excluding the invention.
- the input channels have rounded corners 17. It is possible to define the distance E 0 ', defined as being the distance between the corner 17 of an inlet channel 11 and the point of intersection between the two wall-cores closest to said corner 17.
- the first population of monolithic elements or monoliths in the form bee and silicon carbide.
- the median pore diameter d 5 o denotes the diameter of the particles such that respectively 50% of the total population of the grains has a size less than this diameter.
- a porogen of the polyethylene type in a proportion equal to 5% by weight of the total weight of the SiC grains and a methylcellulose type shaping additive in a proportion equal to 10% by weight of the total weight of the SiC grains.
- the quantity of water required is then added and kneaded to obtain a homogeneous paste whose plasticity allows extrusion through a die configured to obtain monolithic blocks of square section and whose internal channels have a cross section. illustrated schematically in FIG. 1.
- the half-period p of the corrugations is 1.95 mm and corresponds to the period of the filtering structure.
- the ratio T is 0.11.
- the green monoliths obtained are dried by microwave for a time sufficient to bring the water content not chemically bound to less than 1% by weight.
- the channels of each face of the monolith are alternately blocked according to well-known techniques, for example described in application WO 2004/065088.
- the monoliths are then fired in argon according to a rise in temperature of 20 ° C / hour until a maximum temperature of 2200 ° C. is reached which is maintained for 6 hours.
- the porous material obtained has an open porosity of 47% and a median pore diameter of the order of 15 microns.
- An assembled filter is then formed from the monoliths.
- Sixteen elements from the same mixture were assembled together according to conventional techniques by bonding using a cement of the following chemical composition: 72% by weight of SiC, 15% by weight of Al 2 O 3, 11% by weight of SiO 2 , the remainder consisting of impurities, predominantly Fe 2 ⁇ 3 and alkali and alkaline earth metal oxides.
- the average thickness of the joint between two adjacent blocks is of the order of 2 mm.
- the assembly is then machined in order to form assembled filters of cylindrical shape of about 14.4 cm in diameter. The dimensional characteristics of the elements thus obtained are given in Table 1 below.
- baked monoliths are, moreover, impregnated with a catalytic solution comprising platinum, and then dried and heated.
- the dimensional characteristic Ec ' is the equivalent of the characteristic Ec for the input channels
- the die is this time adapted to produce monolithic blocks characterized by an arrangement of the type shown schematically in FIG. 3, in which the output channels have rounded corners.
- the corrugation of the walls is characterized by a ratio T of 0.11.
- the open front area (OFA) or open front area obtained by calculating the percentage ratio of the area covered by the sum of the cross sections of the input channels of the front face of the monolithic unitary elements (Except the walls and plugs) on the total area of the corresponding cross-section of said unitary elements.
- the amount of storage of residues is greater the higher the percentage.
- the WALL which corresponds to the ratio, in cross-section and in percentage, between the area occupied by all the walls of a unitary monolithic element (excluding the plugs) and the total area of said cross section.
- the specific filtration surface of the filter (monolithic or assembled), which corresponds to the internal surface of all the walls of the filter inlet channels expressed in m 2 , relative to the volume in m 3 of filter, integrating the case its outer coating.
- the soot storage volume is all the higher as the specific surface thus defined is large.
- pressure loss is meant within the meaning of the present invention the differential pressure existing between the upstream and downstream of the filter.
- the pressure drop was measured according to the techniques of the art, for a gas flow rate of 250 kg / h and a temperature of 250 ° C. on the new filters (not loaded in soot).
- the various filters are previously mounted on an exhaust line of a diesel engine 2.0 L run at full power (4000 rpm) for 30 minutes then dismantled and weighed to determine their initial mass. The filters are then reassembled on the engine test bench with a
- This test aims to measure the catalyst initiation temperature.
- This CO and HC conversion temperature was here determined according to an experimental protocol identical to that described in application EP 1759763, in particular in its paragraphs 33 and 34. The test was carried out on samples of monoliths cooked and impregnated with catalyst such as previously described.
- the flow of gas to be cleaned up is cooled to a constant mass flow rate of 60 kg / h of gas from 400 to 150 ° C.
- the time required for the monolith is then measured. so that its average temperature is equal to the catalyst priming temperature
- the filter according to the invention has an open front surface and a specific filtration surface area higher than that of the filter of the prior art (example 1) for the same WALL, therefore the same mass of monolith.
- This change in geometry which consists of a local increase of the thickness of the wall at the outlet channels, has the effect of significantly increasing the defusing time of the catalytic activity. If the load loss in the unloaded state is slightly higher, while remaining acceptable, the loading slope is lower than for the filter reference, which is favorable to the reduction of overconsumption of fuel due to the presence of the filtration device.
- the filter according to the invention has a shorter defusing time and a higher pressure drop while remaining perfectly acceptable for the application.
- the filter according to the invention has, compared to Example 2, a significantly higher open face area and a significantly higher filtration surface area, and especially a significantly lower loading slope.
- the filter according to the invention therefore has the best compromise with regard to the different properties required.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0851579A FR2928561B1 (fr) | 2008-03-11 | 2008-03-11 | Structure de filtration de gaz |
PCT/FR2009/050395 WO2009115762A2 (fr) | 2008-03-11 | 2009-03-10 | Structure de filtration de gaz |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2254681A2 true EP2254681A2 (fr) | 2010-12-01 |
Family
ID=39855135
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09721313A Withdrawn EP2254681A2 (fr) | 2008-03-11 | 2009-03-10 | Structure de filtration de gaz |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110020185A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2254681A2 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2011513060A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20100132949A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2928561B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2009115762A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2959673A1 (fr) * | 2010-05-04 | 2011-11-11 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Structure de filtration de gaz a canaux tels qu'en nid d'abeilles |
WO2013109820A1 (fr) * | 2012-01-20 | 2013-07-25 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Filtre céramique ayant des canaux asymétriques pour particules de gaz d'échappement |
JP6120709B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-27 | 2017-04-26 | 日本碍子株式会社 | ハニカム触媒体 |
WO2014054159A1 (fr) | 2012-10-04 | 2014-04-10 | イビデン株式会社 | Filtre en structure alvéolaire |
US10603187B2 (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2020-03-31 | Aesculap Implant Systems, Llc | Spinal interbody device, system and method |
JP6239303B2 (ja) | 2013-07-31 | 2017-11-29 | イビデン株式会社 | ハニカムフィルタ |
US9808794B2 (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2017-11-07 | Corning Incorporated | Honeycomb ceramic substrates, honeycomb extrusion dies, and methods of making honeycomb ceramic substrates |
GB2520776A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2015-06-03 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Wall-flow filter comprising catalytic washcoat |
JP6406480B1 (ja) * | 2017-03-01 | 2018-10-17 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 濾過フィルタ |
JP7155292B2 (ja) | 2018-05-04 | 2022-10-18 | コーニング インコーポレイテッド | 高いアイソスタティック強度のハニカム構造およびハニカム構造用の押出ダイ |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1719882B1 (fr) * | 2001-12-03 | 2009-08-19 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Filtre céramique en nid d'abeilles |
EP1493479B1 (fr) * | 2002-09-13 | 2013-03-20 | Ibiden Co., Ltd. | Structure en nid d'abeilles |
FR2857696B1 (fr) * | 2003-07-18 | 2005-10-21 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Bloc filtrant pour la filtration de particules contenues dans les gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne. |
US7393377B2 (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2008-07-01 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Honeycomb filter and exhaust gas treatment apparatus |
FR2874647B1 (fr) * | 2004-08-25 | 2009-04-10 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Bloc filtrant a ailettes pour la filtration de particules contenues dans les gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne |
FR2925353B1 (fr) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-12-11 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Structure de filtration d'un gaz a canaux hexagonaux asymetriques |
-
2008
- 2008-03-11 FR FR0851579A patent/FR2928561B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-03-10 EP EP09721313A patent/EP2254681A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-03-10 KR KR1020107020034A patent/KR20100132949A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-03-10 JP JP2010550243A patent/JP2011513060A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-03-10 WO PCT/FR2009/050395 patent/WO2009115762A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2009-03-10 US US12/920,489 patent/US20110020185A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2009115762A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2009115762A2 (fr) | 2009-09-24 |
FR2928561B1 (fr) | 2011-08-19 |
JP2011513060A (ja) | 2011-04-28 |
FR2928561A1 (fr) | 2009-09-18 |
KR20100132949A (ko) | 2010-12-20 |
US20110020185A1 (en) | 2011-01-27 |
WO2009115762A3 (fr) | 2009-12-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2234693B1 (fr) | Structure de filtration d'un gaz a canaux hexagonaux assymetriques | |
EP2254681A2 (fr) | Structure de filtration de gaz | |
EP2244804B1 (fr) | Structure de filtration d'un gaz a canaux hexagonaux assymetriques | |
EP1979589A2 (fr) | Filtre catalytique presentant un temps d'amorcage reduit | |
FR2946892A1 (fr) | Structure de filtration d'un gaz a canaux hexagonaux irreguliers. | |
EP2069617B1 (fr) | Element monolithique a coins renforces pour la filtration de particules | |
EP2254682A2 (fr) | Structure de filtration d'un gaz a epaisseur de paroi variable | |
EP1954374B1 (fr) | Structure a base de carbure de silicium de porosite de surface de paroi controlee pour filtration d'un gaz | |
FR2944052A1 (fr) | Structure de filtration d'un gaz et de reduction des nox. | |
EP2111281A1 (fr) | Structure de filtration d'un gaz a paroi ondulee | |
EP1871525A2 (fr) | Filtre catalytique pour la filtration d'un gaz comprenant un revetement et/ou un joint de porosite controlee | |
EP2244805B1 (fr) | Structure de filtration d'un gaz a canaux hexagonaux concaves ou convexes | |
EP2091890B1 (fr) | Procede d'obtention d'une structure poreuse a base de carbure de silicium et structure poreuse obtenue | |
EP2285753A1 (fr) | Filtre ou support catalytique à base de carbure de silicium et de titanate d'aluminium | |
WO2011138552A1 (fr) | Structure de filtration de gaz | |
EP2468382A1 (fr) | Filtre a particules du type assemble | |
WO2011138555A1 (fr) | Structure de filtration de gaz | |
FR2886868A1 (fr) | Structure et filtre catalytique pour la filtration d'un gaz comprenant un revetement et/ou un joint de porosite controlee |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20101011 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL BA RS |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: RAJAMANI, VIGNESH Inventor name: LECHEVALIER, DAVID Inventor name: PINTURAUD, DAVID Inventor name: CHAPKOV, ATANAS Inventor name: RODRIGUES, FABIANO Inventor name: VINCENT, ADRIEN |
|
111L | Licence recorded |
Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR Name of requester: SAINT-GOBAIN INDUSTRIEKERAMIK ROEDENTAL GMBH, DE Effective date: 20110418 |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20121002 |