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EP1989029B1 - Procédé et appareil pour produire des briques moulées avec des fibres - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour produire des briques moulées avec des fibres Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1989029B1
EP1989029B1 EP07711535A EP07711535A EP1989029B1 EP 1989029 B1 EP1989029 B1 EP 1989029B1 EP 07711535 A EP07711535 A EP 07711535A EP 07711535 A EP07711535 A EP 07711535A EP 1989029 B1 EP1989029 B1 EP 1989029B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
formwork
fibers
hydraulically setting
mats
setting compound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP07711535A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1989029B8 (fr
EP1989029A1 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen Halm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Luccon Lichtbeton GmbH
Original Assignee
Luccon Lichtbeton GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Luccon Lichtbeton GmbH filed Critical Luccon Lichtbeton GmbH
Publication of EP1989029A1 publication Critical patent/EP1989029A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1989029B1 publication Critical patent/EP1989029B1/fr
Publication of EP1989029B8 publication Critical patent/EP1989029B8/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/0056—Means for inserting the elements into the mould or supporting them in the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/022—Feeding several successive layers, optionally of different materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/0037—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects with elements being able to conduct light, e.g. light conducting fibers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
    • B28B23/022—Means for inserting reinforcing members into the mould or for supporting them in the mould

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the production of molded blocks from a hydraulically setting mass, in which fibers, in particular optical fibers are embedded, as well as a device suitable for this purpose
  • Hydraulically setting compounds hereinafter also referred to as matrix
  • matrix are to be understood as meaning concrete, fine concrete, mortar, gypsum and similar materials, which as a rule contain a hydraulic binder, aggregates, admixtures, additives and water.
  • stones including in addition to the classic stones with square or rectangular base and those with triangular, trapezoidal or diamond-shaped base and all imaginable round shapes, such as circle, ellipse, etc., be included.
  • JP-A-61291105 discloses a method of making mold stones from hydraulically setting masses and embedded fibers, mats, mats or fabrics
  • DE-A1-3807973 discloses an apparatus according to the preamble of claim 9.
  • the object of the present invention was therefore to find a method by which fibers with a defined orientation can be introduced into shaped blocks, in particular of concrete.
  • smaller stones can also be obtained by means of separation transversely and / or longitudinally to the fiber direction.
  • the hydraulic binder for the matrix is above all cement.
  • suitable cements include Portland cement, Portland metallurgical cement, Portland fly ash cement, Portland limestone cement, Portland composite cement and blast furnace cement. Particularly preferred are Portland cement and Portland cottage cement.
  • the matrix may contain natural and / or artificial aggregates, additives and / or additives in a manner known per se.
  • Additives are, for example, natural and artificial pozzolans, color pigments, plastic dispersions, minerals, etc. Typical amounts are, for example, 3 to 8% by weight for color pigments and up to 30% by weight for fly ash, minerals etc.
  • Additives are-e.g. Air entraining agents, plasticizers, flow agents, accelerators, retarders, etc. If present, amounts of up to 5% by weight, in individual cases of up to 10% by weight, are used.
  • sand gravel or grit can be used in principle.
  • sand mixtures having a maximum particle size of about 2 mm have proved successful.
  • the mass ratio of cement to sand is usually between 1: 1 and 1: 3.
  • the fibers are, in particular, optical fibers, so that the molded blocks produced according to the invention are translucent in the direction of the incorporated fibers.
  • the method and the device are also best suited for embedding other fibers, in particular where it depends on a specifically adjustable arrangement and orientation of the fibers within the molded block.
  • tissue Accordingly come as fibers into consideration textile glass fibers, plastic fibers, carbon fibers, natural fibers, etc. Instead of individual fibers and mats, scrims, rovings or particularly preferred tissue can be incorporated, hereinafter referred to as tissue.
  • fibers and hydraulically setting mass must be compatible with each other, as is the case for example in the known optical fibers of silicate glass and cement.
  • the proportion of fibers in the matrix is adjusted so that the required strength and resilience of the molded block is guaranteed.
  • the formwork is preferably to be adapted in width, length and depth to the desired dimensions of the molded blocks.
  • dimensions of 50 cm x 200 cm are suitable.
  • the depth which determines the maximum height of the block may e.g. 50 cm.
  • it is advantageous that the height can be varied freely within the minimum height and depth of the formwork determined by the height of a layer of hydraulic mass and fibers.
  • the formwork should be made of a material or be provided at least in the interior with a material of which the matrix dissolves sufficiently to ensure a damage-free demoulding. Accordingly, the formwork materials used in the precast concrete area are suitable. The use of release agents, as they are also known from the manufacture of finished parts, is possible.
  • the adjustment of the soil can be done in a conventional manner via a spindle drive, a hydraulic system or the like. It is for demolding and possibly necessary cleaning advantageous if the side walls of the formwork are hinged.
  • Mortar sleds are used in the laying of large-sized bricks (bricks, aerated concrete, sand-lime bricks) using a thin-bed process (thin mortar layer with a thickness of approx. 5 mm).
  • the masonry mortar is applied to the top of each stone layer using a mortar carriage.
  • the mortar sled is a rectangular metal box that is open at the top and bottom and its width with the stone width used matches. From above it is filled with mortar and then pulled over the top of a stone layer in the wall longitudinal direction. A thin layer of mortar is applied to the upper side of the stone via the open underside of the box and a defined gap.
  • the matrix can also be applied by means of a spraying device.
  • the fibers or fabrics are held on one or more roll (s) and deposited from there on the mass and cut to length according to the required length.
  • the fibers are stretched and fixed over the mold length with a clamping device, which advantageously avoids shifting the fibers within the mass. This determines the fibers or fabrics on both sides of the formwork.
  • finely cut fibers can also be inserted into the formwork, especially when the fibers are stiff.
  • the mortar carriage or the spraying device can be guided over the formwork and / or the formwork is moved under the mortar carriage or the spraying device. With a movement of formwork and mortar carriage or spraying device can be realized particularly high production speeds.
  • the fibers or the fabric are introduced through the mortar carriage and so introduced together with the hydraulically setting compound in the formwork.
  • a bleeding of the mass is expediently carried out by an internal or external vibrator on the mortar carriage.
  • the fibers can be completely or partially omitted in one or more layers.
  • FIG. 1 a device is shown schematically. It includes the formwork 1 from frame 2 and vertically movable bottom 3. Furthermore, a mortar carriage 4 is provided, which fills the hydraulically setting compound 5 in a controllable amount in the formwork 1.
  • the fibers 6 are unrolled from a roll 7. Not shown are the drive of the bottom 3, the devices for cutting the fibers 6 and the smoothing device for incorporating the fibers.
  • the bottom 3 of the formwork 1 is located at the beginning of production with a defined height difference s below the formwork upper edge.
  • This height difference s corresponds to the height of a layer of hydraulically setting compound 5 and fibers 6.
  • the mortar carriage 4 travels along the formwork 1 along its upper edge and thereby fills a precisely adjustable amount of matrix 5.
  • the fibers 6 required for a layer either as Einzetmaschinen or as a fabric, placed on the fresh surface of the matrix 5; installed with the smoothing device and cut to length.
  • the bottom 3 of the formwork 1 is lowered by the height s of a layer of matrix 5 and fibers 6 and the filling process is repeated in the same way.
  • the formwork 1 for venting the matrix 5 can be vibrated from the outside or there is a compression by means of the smoothing device.
  • FIG. 2 a formwork 1 of a device is shown, wherein the bottom 3 is in the uppermost position, which is set at the beginning of production.
  • FIG. 3 shows a variant of the device, like parts are designated by like reference numerals.
  • the fibers 6 are unrolled from the roll 7 and incorporated in the mortar carriage 4 in the matrix 5.
  • the filling of matrix 5 and fibers 6 takes place at the same time.
  • the mortar carriage 4 is provided with an internal or external vibrator for venting the matrix 5, a smoothing device is thereby unnecessary but can also be integrated on the mortar carriage.
  • FIG. 4 three variants of the device are shown.
  • the mortar sledge 4 is movable and moves over the Formwork 1 away to fill the mass 5.
  • the mortar carriage 4 is arranged stationary and the formwork 1 is movable, so that for filling the mass 5, the formwork 1 is guided under the mortar slide 4 along.
  • the third variant shown in Figure 4c Both mortar slide 4 and formwork 1 are movable and are moved to fill the mass 5 and, if necessary. Also the fibers 6 against each other. This allows an increase in production speed.
  • FIG. 5 af the process flow and schematically a corresponding device is shown, wherein a clamping device fixes the fibers or tissue during smoothing and cutting to length.
  • the procedure and basic structure corresponds to that of FIG. 1 , After the layer of the light-conducting glass fibers 6 (single fiber strands or fabric) has been placed on the fresh matrix layer 5, the glass layer 6 is fixed immediately outside the formwork 1 on one side with a clamping device 8 (see FIG. FIG. 5a ). Then, as in FIG. 5b shown, pressed with a pressure roller 10, the glass layer 6 on the surface of the matrix 5. In FIG. 5c , It can be seen how then the other side of the glass layer 6 is fixed with a clamping device 9.
  • the clamping device 8, 9 can be positioned so that a certain amount of tension is exerted on the glass layer 6. Then there is a smoothing and compacting process with a screed plate 11, the in FIG. 5d is shown. Analogous to the procedure in a road paver, an additional compaction energy can be applied via the screed plate 11 by means of vibrator / vibrator 12.
  • the glass layer 6 between the clamping device 8 and 9 severed by a suitable sawing device 13.
  • the clamping devices 8, 9 prevent a shifting of the fiber layer 6 in the fresh matrix 5 both during smoothing and compacting as well as during the severing of the fibers 6.
  • the invention has been explained using the example of a rectangular stone, by appropriate selection of the formwork can be analog other forms with triangular, trapezoidal, polygonal, round or curved bases obtained.
  • the walls can be designed vertically or inclined to the base.
  • mechanical post-processing e.g. Saws to adapt the outer contour even more specifically to desired shapes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Procédé de fabrication de briques moulées à partir de masses à prise hydraulique dans lesquelles sont noyés des fibres, mats, grilles ou tissus, caractérisé en ce que
    l'on utilise un coffrage (1) formé d'un cadre (2) et d'un fond (3) mobile verticalement,
    a) le fond (3) étant réglé à une hauteur s sous le bord supérieur du coffrage qui correspond à la hauteur d'une couche de masse à prise hydraulique (5) et de fibres (6),
    b) le coffrage (1) étant rempli jusqu'au bord supérieur avec une masse à prise hydraulique (5) au moyen d'un chariot à mortier ou d'un dispositif d'injection (4),
    c) des fibres, mats, grilles ou tissus (6) étant incorporés dans la masse à prise hydraulique fraîche (5) selon l'orientation souhaitée, tendus et fixés sur le bord supérieur du coffrage au moyen d'un dispositif de serrage (8, 9), puis coupés à la longueur,
    d) le fond (3) du coffrage (1) étant baissé d'une hauteur s qui correspond à la hauteur d'une couche de masse à prise hydraulique (5) et de fibres (6) et
    les étapes b) à d) étant répétées jusqu'à ce que la hauteur souhaitée de la brique moulée soit obtenue et/ou jusqu'à ce que le fond (3) du coffrage (1) ne puisse plus être abaissé.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la masse à prise hydraulique (5) est un ciment auquel sont ajoutés, le cas échéant, des granulats minéraux, des adjuvants et/ou des additifs.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la masse à prise hydraulique (5) est un ciment Portland, un ciment Portland au laitier, un ciment Portland aux cendres volantes, un ciment Portland au calcaire, un ciment Portland composé, un ciment de haut fourneau ou un mélange de ces ciments et contient un granulat minéral, de préférence du sable.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les fibres, mats, grilles ou tissus (6) sont des fibres, mats, grilles ou tissus de type guides de lumière.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les fibres, mats, grilles ou tissus (6) sont dévidés d'un rouleau (7) et déposés sur la masse à prise hydraulique (5).
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les fibres (6) sont insérées dans la masse à prise hydraulique (5) à l'aide d'un dispositif de lissage après leur incorporation.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'en lieu et place des étapes b) et c), les fibres (6) sont introduites dans la masse à prise hydraulique (5) dans le chariot à mortier (4) et les fibres (6) sont versées dans le coffrage en même temps que la masse à prise hydraulique (5) jusqu'au bord supérieur du coffrage.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la masse à prise hydraulique (5) est aérée dans le chariot à mortier à l'aide d'un vibrateur intérieur ou extérieur.
  9. Dispositif de fabrication de briques moulées à partir de masses à prise hydraulique dans lesquelles sont noyés des fibres, mats, grilles ou tissus, le dispositif comprenant un coffrage (1) formé d'un cadre (2) et d'un fond (3) mobile verticalement, ainsi qu'un chariot à mortier ou un dispositif d'injection (4), caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif de serrage (8, 9) est prévu pour fixer les fibres, mats, grilles ou tissus (6).
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un dispositif de lissage (12) pour insérer les fibres, mats, grilles ou tissus (6) dans la masse à prise hydraulique (5).
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce qu'un vibrateur intérieur ou extérieur permettant d'aérer la masse à prise hydraulique va) est prévu au niveau du coffrage (1) et/ou du chariot à mortier (4).
  12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le chariot à mortier resp. dispositif d'injection (4) peut être déplacé au dessus du coffrage (1).
  13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le coffrage (1) peut être déplacé au dessous du chariot à mortier resp. dispositif d'injection (4).
  14. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le chariot à mortier resp. dispositif d'injection (4) et le coffrage (1) peuvent être déplacés l'un par rapport à l'autre.
  15. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 9 à 14, caractérisé en ce que le fond (3) du coffrage (1) peut être déplacé au moyen d'un entraînement à broche ou d'un système hydraulique.
  16. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 9 à 15, caractérisé en ce que le cadre (2) du coffrage (1) peut être replié.
EP07711535A 2006-02-21 2007-02-15 Procédé et appareil pour produire des briques moulées avec des fibres Not-in-force EP1989029B8 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006007920A DE102006007920B3 (de) 2006-02-21 2006-02-21 Herstellung von Formsteinen mit Fasern
PCT/EP2007/001302 WO2007096083A1 (fr) 2006-02-21 2007-02-15 Procédé pour produire des briques moulées avec des fibres

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1989029A1 EP1989029A1 (fr) 2008-11-12
EP1989029B1 true EP1989029B1 (fr) 2011-12-21
EP1989029B8 EP1989029B8 (fr) 2012-03-21

Family

ID=38051913

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07711535A Not-in-force EP1989029B8 (fr) 2006-02-21 2007-02-15 Procédé et appareil pour produire des briques moulées avec des fibres

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20090200703A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1989029B8 (fr)
AT (1) ATE537950T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006007920B3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2008137408A (fr)
WO (1) WO2007096083A1 (fr)

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DE102006044160A1 (de) * 2006-09-15 2008-03-27 Delunamagma Industries Gmbh Baustein mit lichtdurchlässigen Fasern
EP1970497A3 (fr) 2007-03-13 2009-08-19 LUCCON Lichtbeton GmbH Composant éclairé et son procédé de fabrication
DE102007013199A1 (de) * 2007-03-15 2008-11-06 Delunamagma Industries Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines lichtdurchlässigen Mehrschicht-Verbund-Bauelementes für Fassaden
DE102007040083B4 (de) * 2007-08-24 2011-06-22 robatex GmbH, 52222 Lichtleitendes Bauelement sowie, Vorrichtung und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE102007045898B4 (de) * 2007-09-26 2017-03-02 Rwth Aachen Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauelements mit interner Leiteranordnung und mit einem entsprechenden Verfahren hergestelltes Bauelement
DE202008007105U1 (de) 2008-05-27 2008-08-07 Robatex Gmbh Transparente Fassaden und Außenwände
DE102008027799A1 (de) 2008-06-11 2009-12-24 Robatex Gmbh Lichtleitende Steine, Platten und Werksteine
DE102008028219A1 (de) 2008-06-12 2009-12-24 Robatex Gmbh Lichttextil
DE102008046769A1 (de) 2008-09-11 2010-03-18 Oliver Fischer Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zur Herstellung eines lichtleitenden Baukörpers
DE202008012108U1 (de) 2008-09-12 2008-11-13 Robatex Gmbh Formkörper für lichtleitende Betonelemente mit definierter Einzelfaseranordnung
EP2177332A1 (fr) * 2008-09-25 2010-04-21 Jürgen Frei Composant conducteur de lumière pourvu d'une séparation thermique
DE202009016496U1 (de) 2009-12-07 2010-02-25 Barlé, Ampai Dekorative Betonelemente
CN101906836B (zh) * 2010-07-28 2011-10-26 湖南科技大学 一种透光混凝土构件及其制造工艺方法
DE202011004546U1 (de) 2011-03-29 2011-06-09 lucem GmbH, 52222 Lichtdurchlässige Betonelemente
CN103978562B (zh) * 2014-04-14 2016-02-24 广西大学 一种多自由度石膏模型加工机床
CN118456750B (zh) * 2024-07-09 2024-10-25 泰兴市华捷新材料有限公司 一种特氟龙带压机的压辊组件

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20090200703A1 (en) 2009-08-13
ATE537950T1 (de) 2012-01-15
EP1989029B8 (fr) 2012-03-21
EP1989029A1 (fr) 2008-11-12
RU2008137408A (ru) 2010-03-27
WO2007096083A1 (fr) 2007-08-30
DE102006007920B3 (de) 2007-12-06

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