EP1972722A1 - Lock gate and core for such a gate - Google Patents

Abstract

The gate has thin cores (2) each comprising a parabolic curve edge (B2) in a plane transversal to a flat shell skin plate (1). The core is widened towards its center and shrunk towards its ends. The core is pierced with disjointed recesses (20) that are configured for forming bands and bridges. The bands are respectively extended along the plate and the edge. The bridges connect the bands and extend between the adjacent recesses. A tubular stiffener (4) extends across the recesses of the cores.

Description

The present invention relates to a sluice gate for supporting a pressure exerted by a liquid on all or part of its surface. The invention also relates to a core for such a sluice gate. Lock gate means a generally flat structure capable of retaining a free surface liquid.

When in use, a lock gate separates a downstream basin from an upstream basin in which the liquid to be retained is located. This liquid submits the lock gate to a distributed pressure varying with time and distance at the bottom of the door. A lock gate therefore works in fatigue since it undergoes cyclic stresses. In addition, some doors, such as rolling doors, rising or lowering, work mainly in bending, both in a vertical direction and in a horizontal direction.

The structure of known lock gates generally comprises a globally flat plating sheet and located on the downstream side and several webs or webs extending horizontally along the plating sheet, each core being secured to this sheet to take back the constraints suffered. Indeed, the hydraulic pressure exerted on the door is generally transmitted to two vertical uprights located respectively on each side of the door, which implies the installation of horizontal webs along the plating sheet. These souls may have a solid or lattice structure.

In addition, a conventional lock gate generally comprises secondary horizontal stiffeners parallel to the webs as well as vertical stiffeners to ensure the vertical rigidity of the structure. Some of the vertical stiffeners may have a widening web shape downward of the structure.

In general, the horizontal webs, the secondary horizontal stiffeners and the vertical stiffeners are welded to the plating sheet in order to take up the constraints that the latter undergoes. In addition, souls solid must themselves be provided with longitudinal and transverse stiffeners to avoid veiling in a vertical direction.

The structure of a conventional door therefore has the disadvantage of requiring a large number of welds which form between them as many weld crossings. However, such weld crosses weaken the structure when it works in fatigue, as is the case of the lock gates. In particular, the transverse welds, which extend in a substantially vertical direction, are poorly resistant to variations in the stresses according to the height of the liquid and particularly to the differences between the stresses exerted above and those exerted below the free surface of the liquid.

DE-C-845 329 describes a sluice gate, each leaf of which consists of superimposed boxes. The middle part of each box is hollow so as to house a tubular support on which are fixed pipes intended to evacuate the air present in the boxes during the openings and / or closures of the lock. The upper and lower parts of each box have a relatively thick plate for sealing with the adjacent box. However, the structure of these caissons, in particular of these plates and of this tubular support, is not designed to withstand the mechanical stresses in flexion and fatigue which are exerted on the current lock gates of rising, lowering types. or rolling.

The present invention is more particularly to overcome these disadvantages by providing a lock gate whose structure requires fewer welds and is more resistant to flexion and fatigue than those of known doors.

To this end, the invention relates to a sluice gate, intended to withstand a pressure exerted by a liquid, the door comprising a generally flat plating sheet, a plurality of thin cores extending along the plating sheet and substantially parallel to each other, each core being secured to the plating sheet. According to the invention, each core has, on the opposite side to the plating sheet, a curved edge in a plane transverse to the plating sheet, each core widening towards its center and narrowing towards its extremities. Each core is pierced with several disjointed recesses and configured to delimit together a first band extending along the plating sheet, a second strip extending along the curved edge and bridges connecting the first and second strips and s extending between two neighboring recesses. In addition, the door comprises at least one stiffener extending through recesses belonging respectively to several souls.

Thanks to the invention, the structure of the door requires more or very few transverse welds, so that its fatigue resistance is improved. In addition, the horizontal webs take more stress, which improves the bending strength of the door.

• le bord courbe est globalement parabolique ;
• la porte comprend des semelles solidarisées chacune à au moins deux âmes, au moyen de lignes de soudure s'étendant sur une partie substantielle des bords courbes respectifs desdites âmes ;
• la porte comprend, en outre, au moins deux montants latéraux formés intégralement avec la tôle de bordé ;
• le raidisseur est tubulaire ;
• le raidisseur s'étend à travers des évidements proches respectivement des milieux des âmes ;
• la porte d'écluse comprend plusieurs raidisseurs ;
• le ou les raidisseurs s'étend(ent) à travers des évidements ménagés dans toutes les âmes ;
• les âmes sont planes et chaque deuxième bande présente une largeur, prise perpendiculairement au bord courbe de l'âme à laquelle elle appartient, inférieure à 20 fois l'épaisseur de l'âme et, de préférence, à 15 fois cette épaisseur.
  Par ailleurs, l'invention porte sur une âme pour former une porte d'écluse telle qu'exposée ci-dessus, l'âme présentant une forme plane et un bord rectiligne et étant caractérisée en ce qu'elle présente un bord courbe du côté opposé à son bord rectiligne, l'âme s'élargissant vers son milieu et se rétrécissant vers ses extrémités, et en ce que l'âme présente plusieurs évidements disjoints et configurés pour délimiter ensemble une première bande s'étendant le long du bord rectiligne, une deuxième bande s'étendant le long du bord courbe ainsi que des ponts reliant les première et deuxième bandes et s'étendant entre deux évidements voisins.
  La présente invention sera bien comprise et ses avantages ressortiront également à la lumière de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation illustré par les dessins annexés dans lesquels ;
• la figure 1 est une vue en perspective, avec arrachement partiel, d'une porte d'écluse conforme à l'invention ;
• la figure 2 est une coupe de la porte de la figure 1 selon le plan B à la figure 1 ;
• la figure 3 est une vue de dessus d'une âme conforme à l'invention utilisée dans la porte de la figure 1 ;
• la figure 4 est vue de côté de la porte de la figure 1 ;
• la figure 5 est une coupe de la porte de la figure 1 selon le plan A à la figure 1.

According to other advantageous but optional features of the invention, taken separately or in any technically possible combination:

• the curved edge is generally parabolic;
• the door comprises soles each secured to at least two webs, by means of weld lines extending over a substantial part of the respective curved edges of said webs;
• the door further comprises at least two lateral uprights formed integrally with the plating sheet;
• the stiffener is tubular;
• the stiffener extends through recesses close to the middle of the souls respectively;
• the lock gate comprises several stiffeners;
• the stiffener (s) extends (ent) through recesses formed in all the souls;
• the souls are flat and each second band has a width, taken perpendicularly to the curved edge of the core to which it belongs, less than 20 times the thickness of the core and, preferably, to 15 times this thickness.
  In addition, the invention relates to a core for forming a sluice gate as explained above, the core having a flat shape and a straight edge and being characterized in that it has a curved edge on the opposite side to its straight edge, the core widening towards its middle and narrowing towards its ends, and in that the core has a plurality of disjointed recesses and configured to delimit together a first strip extending along the edge rectilinear, a second band extending along the curved edge as well as bridges connecting the first and second strips and extending between two adjacent recesses.
  The present invention will be well understood and its advantages will also emerge in the light of the following description of an embodiment illustrated by the appended drawings in which;
• the figure 1 is a perspective view, partially cut away, of a lock gate according to the invention;
• the figure 2 is a cut of the door of the figure 1 according to plan B to the figure 1 ;
• the figure 3 is a top view of a core according to the invention used in the door of the figure 1 ;
• the figure 4 is seen from the side of the door of the figure 1 ;
• the figure 5 is a cut of the door of the figure 1 according to plan A to the figure 1 .

The figure 1 shows a plane structure able to form a lock gate. This door comprises a generally flat plating sheet 1 and intended to be placed on the downstream side of the door. In other words, the outer face of the plating sheet 1, facing towards the rear of the figure 1 , is intended to be turned towards a downstream basin. The plating sheet 1 has a length L substantially corresponding to the width of the channel to be controlled in the case of a lifting, lowering or rolling lock gate.

The door also comprises two lateral uprights 61 and 62, located respectively at each lateral end of the plating sheet 1. The uprights 61 and 62 extend parallel to an axis Z, which coincides with a generally vertical direction when the door is installed. in the lock. The uprights 61 and 62 consist of generally rectangular plates, narrow and mounted perpendicularly to the plating sheet 1. The uprights 61 and 62 are formed integrally with the plating sheet 1, for example by means of a bending or welding operation at each lateral end of the plating sheet 1.

In the example of the figures, the lock gate is a lifting gate, that is to say that it is raised to allow the communication of upstream and downstream basins. For this, hooking elements 51 and 52 are provided on each side of the structure to allow to fix the lock gate on a lift mechanism known per se and which is not described. The hooking elements 51 and 52 are formed by square section sections extending perpendicularly to the uprights 61 and 62.

The sluice gate furthermore comprises sixteen thin and flat webs which extend between the uprights 61 and 62, substantially parallel to each other and in a horizontal plane, that is to say in a plane perpendicular to the axis. Z. The number of souls belonging to the door depends in particular on the height of the door and it can be understood for example between twelve and twenty.

By thin soul is meant a soul whose thickness is small in front of its other dimensions and in particular in front of its width. The cores 2 are here formed by flat plates and identical to each other. They can each have a thickness of between 10 mm and 100 mm, depending on the pressure that must bear the door.

Each core 2 is secured to the plating sheet 1 by means of two weld lines L ₁ and L ₂ extending over a substantial portion, and preferably over the entire length L of the plating sheet 1 and 2. In addition, each core 2 is welded at its ends to each post 61 or 62. The welds are sized to withstand the stresses when the liquid exerts pressure on the door. lock.

For each core 2, an edge B ₁ intended to be welded to the plating sheet 1 has a rectilinear profile so as to match the flat shape of the plating sheet 1. On the opposite side to the plating sheet 1, each core 2 has an edge B ₂ which has a generally curved profile in a horizontal plane XY and perpendicular to the plating sheet 1. This profile is defined so that a core 2 widens, in the direction Y, towards its middle and is shrinks to its ends. This makes it possible to give the core good flexural strength in the Y direction. In this case, each core 2 has a parabolic B ₂ edge with a width ℓ at its center of 2.8 m, a width ℓ 'to near its ends of 60 cm and a length L of about 25 m. The ratio ℓ / ℓ is thus between 0.15 and 0.3.

On the opposite side to the plating sheet 1, the door comprises several flanges 3, consisting of thin strips of sheet metal, which extend vertically on the edges B ₂ of the webs 2 and horizontally between the uprights 61 and 62. Each flange 3 is secured to a pair of superposed souls 2 so as to stiffen them and to distribute the stresses between them.

The soles 3 may for example be welded to the cores 2 by means of weld lines L ₃ and L ₄ extending along each of the edges B ₂ of these cores, or on a substantial part of these edges. Alternatively, a sole may be welded to a single core, three souls or more than three souls. The assembly formed by two cores 2 or more, a sole 3 and the wall of the plating sheet 1 defines a beam structuring the lock gate and contributing to its mechanical strength.

The souls 2 associated with a sole 3 are spaced two by two by a distance d ₁ of 80 cm. In practice, the distance d ₁ can be between 50 cm and 2.5 m depending on the height of the door and the thickness of the souls. This helps to give the door good mechanical strength. On the other hand, two neighboring beams are spaced a distance d ₂ which can also be between 50 cm and 2.5 m.

The plating sheet 1, the cores 2, the uprights 61 and 62 and the flanges 3 consist of at least one metal having good mechanical properties and good weldability, such as the structural steel of grade S355J2.

Insofar as a sole 3 matches the edge B ₂ of each core 2, the soles 3 also have a generally parabolic profile, which makes it possible to obtain a compression force supported by the sole 3 which is practically constant along the webs 2 and compensating the shear force exerted in each section of a sole 3 except, possibly, at level of its lateral ends. Curved profiles other than parabolic can be used to achieve the edges B ₂ of the cores 2 and the flanges 3 in order to distribute and balance such forces, the central portion of each beam being wider than its ends.

Furthermore, each core 2 has seven recesses 20 disjoint and distributed along its central portion. The recesses 20 each have dimensions slightly less than the width of the section of the core 2 where they are located. The recesses 20 delimit together a first strip 21 along the straight edge B ₁ in the vicinity of the plating sheet 1, a second strip 22 along the parabolic edge B ₂ and bridges 23 interconnecting the strips 21 and 22 and extending perpendicularly to the edge B ₁ between two adjacent recesses 20.

On the figure 3 , the strips 21 and 22 are materialized by dashed lines generally parallel to each longitudinal edge of the core 2. The souls 2 are therefore of the "bow-string" type. As shown by Figures 2 and 3 , the shape of the recesses 20 is defined by a circular arc on the side of the bordered plate 1 connected, on the opposite side, to segments of a curve parallel to the edge B ₂ .

The circular shapes of the upstream and downstream ends of each bridge 23 allow a progressive distribution of the stresses between the strips 21 and 22 and the bridges 23. The recesses 20 could have other shapes, provided that they delimit regions similar to the strips 21 , 22 and bridges 23.

When the liquid exerts a pressure P distributed on the plating sheet 1, each band 21 works in traction, because it is subjected to stresses oriented in the longitudinal direction X of the core 2. Thus, the strips 21 can not be reached. to veil, that is to say to deform out of a horizontal plane parallel to the plane XY.

The strips 22 work in their compression, but they are stiffened by the soles 3 which are welded perpendicularly. The strips 22 therefore have a low or no risk of warping along the Z axis. Indeed, as shown by the snatch at the figure 1 , the soles constitute, with the strips 21, section elements in "L" having a relatively high moment of inertia with respect to the Y and Z axes.

Advantageously, the width ₂₂ of a strip 22, taken parallel to the Y axis, that is to say perpendicular to the vertical and the length L of the core 2, is less than twenty times, and The thickness of the core 2 is preferably fifteen times. Such a dimensioning makes it possible to further reduce the risk of warpage of the strips 22 in use. -

The bridges 23 work in traction, that is to say that they transmit transverse forces to the strips 21 and 22. The bridges 23 therefore also have a low risk of veiling or zero.

The door also comprises a stiffener 4 in the form of a circular base tube extending along the Z axis and traversing the souls at their median recesses. The stiffener 4 is secured to the webs, for example by welding, so as to take back part of the forces exerted along the Z axis. The stiffener 4 increases the vertical rigidity of the entire door and its mechanical strength. the pressure P. The stiffener 4 can cross all the souls 2 or only a part of them, according to the needs of the intended application. Alternatively, the stiffener 4 may be full and, if necessary, other tubes may also be provided through the recesses 20 adjacent to the median recesses. Furthermore, the stiffener 4 may consist of a non-circular section tube, but, for example, elliptical or polygonal.

Consequently, the "bow-string" type structure of the cores 2, stiffened by the tube 4, allows the door to withstand the stresses generated by the pressure of the liquid on the plating sheet 1 and on the flanges 3, without risk. substantial voilage.

As the tube 4 is hollow and the cores have recesses 20, the water can easily go up on the height of the door, which avoids the momentary differences in stresses between neighboring regions and improves the mechanical strength of the door.

Such a door requires fewer welds than the doors of the prior art. In addition, these welds extend essentially according to same directions as the main stresses to the door, which increases their resistance and that of the door, especially to fatigue.

Moreover, the door thus formed is substantially lightened, firstly, thanks to the recesses 20 and the thin thickness of the cores 2 and, secondly, by reducing the number of necessary welds. Such a door has, at equal mass, a mechanical strength in fatigue and in bending greater than those of the front doors.

Claims (10)

Sluice gate, for supporting a pressure (P) exerted by a liquid, the door comprising a generally flat plating sheet (1), a plurality of thin cores (2) extending along the plating sheet (1) and substantially parallel to each other, each web (2) being secured to the plating sheet (1), characterized in that each web (2) has, on the opposite side to the plating sheet (1), an edge curve (B ₂ ) in a plane (XY) transverse to the plating sheet (1), each core (2) widening towards its center and narrowing towards its ends, and in that each core (2) is pierced a plurality of recesses (20) disjoint and configured to delimit together a first strip (21) extending along the plating sheet (1), a second strip (22) extending along the curved edge (B ₂ ) as well as bridges (23) connecting the first (21) and second (22) strips and extending between two adjacent recesses (20) and in that the door comprises at least one stiffener (4) extending through recesses (20) respectively belonging to several webs (2). Lock gate according to claim 1, characterized in that the curved edge (B ₂ ) is generally parabolic. Lock gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises soles (3) each secured to at least two webs (2), by means of weld lines (L ₃ , L ₄ ) s'. extending over a substantial portion of the respective curved edges (B ₂ ) of said cores (2). Lock gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises, in addition, at least two lateral uprights (61, 62) formed integrally with the plating sheet (1). Lock gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stiffener (4) is tubular. Lock gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stiffener (4) extends through recesses close to the middle of the webs (2) respectively. Lock gate according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of stiffeners. Lock gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stiffener or stiffeners (4) extends (ent) through recesses (20) formed in all the cores (2). Lock gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cores (2) are plane and in that each second strip (22) has a width (ℓ ₂₂ ), taken perpendicular to the curved edge (B ₂ ) of the core (2) to which it belongs, less than 20 times the thickness of the core (2) and, preferably, to 15 times this thickness. Soul (2) for stiffening a lock gate according to one of the preceding claims, the web (2) having a flat shape and a straight edge (B ₁ ), characterized in that it has a curved edge (B ₂ ) on the side opposite to its straight edge (B ₁ ), the core (2) widening towards its middle and tapering towards its ends, and in that the core (2) has a plurality of recesses (20). ) disjoint and configured to define together a first band (21) extending along the straight edge (B ₁ ), a second band (22) extending along the curved edge (B ₂ ) and bridges (23). ) connecting the first (21) and second (22) strips and extending between two adjacent recesses (20).

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