EP1948865B1 - Fixing means for fixing railway lines to sleepers or stretches of track - Google Patents

Abstract

Fastener has sprung clamp (51) and clamp anchorage (31). Clamp has holding devices which can be put into anchorage in order to be rotatably led along a turning axis. It has at least one pressure strap (52) which, when the sprung clamp is turned around the turning axis, can be brought with the rail foot of the rail (21) into a pre-tensioned position. For holding devices, the sprung clamp has essentially bent clip straps (55,56) and the clamp anchorage has guide means concentric to the turning axis.

Description

The present invention relates to fasteners for securing railroad tracks to sleepers or railway tracks, and to fasteners comprising a spring clip and a terminal anchorage. The invention further encompasses sleepers or railways in which the terminal anchors of said fasteners are recessed or cast , The sleepers or sleepers are here, as well as the corresponding integrally formed track tracks, preferably made of concrete.

To support the railway tracks, which are lined with elastic and electrically insulating pads against the sleepers or the track, predominantly spring clamps of bent wire are used, which are held in corresponding anchors that are inserted or embedded in the sleepers or the track. For mounting the spring clamps are moved in the transverse direction to the track rail over the rail foot, being used as a clamping means in particular in plastic dowel einzudrehende clamping screws for clamping the spring clips on the rail.

Rail fasteners of the type mentioned are known in great diversity.

From the EP 0 498 761 B1 Wire-bent spring clips are known, which, starting from a spring clip, comprise a straight vertical pulling portion and a bent hook at the lower end, wherein the spring clips are pivoted about the rail by rotation about the straight vertical pulling portion.

From the EP 0 373 099 B1 Wire-bent mounting clips are known, comprising a bent spring clip, a starting therefrom vertically extending rectilinear portion and a bent hook thereof, wherein the spring clip can be pivoted by twisting about the vertical portion on the rail foot.

Next is from the EP 0 468 945 B1 a rail clamp is known in which a compression spring is braced on a tie rod which is cast into the railway sleeper, wherein under the compression spring, a rotatable arm is arranged to be pivoted for attachment via the rail of the rail by rotation.

From the WO 90/15192 fasteners for mounting railway tracks on sleepers are known, which have a spring clip and a terminal anchorage. The spring clip has retaining means which are insertable into the terminal anchorage such that they are rotatably guided about an axis of rotation therein, and at least one presser bar which, when the spring clip is rotated relative to the terminal anchorage about the axis of rotation, engages the rail base of a track rail in pretensioned bearing bring is. The retaining means of the spring clip are substantially annular curved clip bracket; the terminal anchoring has concentric guide means to the axis of rotation, in which the clip brackets can engage.

From the DE 1 025 439 A is known a resilient rail nail, which has two nail shanks and two loops that form a height stop for driving a pressure arm or pressure bracket when driving.

From the JP 2002-038405 A is also a rail nail with two shanks known, which are connected via two loops with a pressure bracket such that the two loops form a height stop for driving the arms of the pressure hanger when driving.

Rail fastening systems of this type are today subjected to stringent requirements based on train speeds of up to 300 km / h, track radii> = 150 meters and axle loads of up to 25 tonnes. In this case, an elastic mounting of the rails with respect to the sleepers or the roadway over the entire usual service life of the system is to ensure.

The elasticities of the system rail / sleeper should be used for the three different spatial directions (rail longitudinal direction, rail vertical direction, rail transverse direction) be different. The characteristics must be maintained permanently.

Moreover, for safety reasons, lifting the rail with its rail foot on a side of more than 2 mm by a positive fixation of the rail against the sleepers or the road to prevent to prevent complete tilting of the rail in extreme situations.

Starting from the WO 90/15192 The invention has for its object to provide fasteners or a track threshold or a track with such fasteners that allows for a reduced number of parts an extremely efficient way of bracing the fastening system.

The solution to this problem include the claims 1, 16 and 17.

• ■ achsparallel zur Drehachse D nach oben von den an beide Stehbügel jeweils anschließenden Teilen der Federschlaufen,
• ■ nach innen von jeweils einem der beiden senkrechten Stehbügel,
• ■ sowie achsparallel zur Drehachse D nach von den beiden Clipbügeln (bzw. der von den Clipbügeln aufgespannten Führungsebene).

According to the invention it is provided that the fastening means comprising a spring clip and a terminal anchor are formed such that the spring clip has retaining means which are insertable into the terminal anchorage to be rotatable about a rotational axis D therein and at least one Has pressure bracket which is biased after rotation of the spring clip relative to the terminal anchorage about the axis of rotation D on the rail of a railway track, and that the spring clamp as a holding means substantially annularly curved clip bracket and the terminal anchorage to the rotation axis D concentric guide means, wherein the clip bracket and the guide means in each case span a guide plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation D, wherein the spring clip has an arcuate pressure bracket, the two clip brackets, and two spring loops connecting the clip brackets to the pressure yoke, wherein these are connected to the clip brackets Form ends of the spring loops approximately perpendicular to the management level extending stirrups and connected to the pressure bar ends of the spring loops between the guide level and the ends connected to the clip brackets ends of the spring loops are passed. The pressure bar is thus enclosed in three spatial directions by the spring clip:

• Axially parallel to the axis of rotation D upwards from the parts of the spring loops which adjoin each one of the two stirrups,
• ■ inward of one of the two vertical stirrups,
• ■ as well as axially parallel to the axis of rotation D to the two clip brackets (or the guide plane spanned by the clip brackets).

The spring loops, which are above the pressure hanger, thereby form a height stop for the pressure bracket against excessive bending under overload in the direction of the clip brackets away. The guide means may in particular consist of an annular outer guide groove, in which engage the clip bracket resiliently. If the spring clip is bent from round wire, the guide has a correspondingly adapted round, open to the outside cross-section.

The guide groove is in this case formed on a part which is firmly connected to the track sill, possibly even formed directly in the track sill. The spring clip can be used with its elastically bendable clip brackets in a pre-assembly in the guide. In this pre-assembly position, the pressure bar in a direction in which it does not interfere with a placement of a railway track on the track threshold, for example, in a direction transverse to the track threshold position. In this pre-assembly position, the spring clip, i. in particular, the pressure bar already be resiliently biased.

After hanging up the railroad track on the sleeper, the rotatably held spring clip is rotated so far that the pressure bar comes in its mounting position, in which he points toward the track rail in the direction of the track rail and rests approximately symmetrically on the rail. When reaching the mounting position can be done in locking means of the guide means at the same time a locking of the spring clip. The spring clamp is thus secured against unintentional loosening. When the pressure bar slides onto the rail foot, the preload may increase slightly. With the fasteners according to the invention requires, starting from the pre-assembly, the final assembly only a rotational movement of the spring clamp to eg 90 °, which can be performed with conventional turning tools in no time. The fasteners themselves are structurally simple and inexpensive to manufacture, as will be apparent from the further description.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the guide groove is formed in a guide ring, which is held in particular form-fitting manner on the track sill. For radial fixing of the guide ring, a centering body formed from the material of the track sill can be provided in conical or annular form, on which the guide ring is placed. In order to keep the guide ring, which can be made of plastic in an advantageous manner, axially in the direction of the axis of rotation, cast anchor hooks are cast into the body of the railway sleeper, which engage over the guide ring. If the guide ring is divided on the circumference, it can be pushed radially onto the centering body after completion of the railway sleeper and the pouring of the anchor hooks to the axis of rotation. The spring clip itself can be used with their clip brackets either radially or axially to the axis of rotation in the guide and are rotated from the pre-assembly into its mounting position in which the radially outwardly projecting pressure bracket rests on the rail under tension.

According to a further embodiment it is provided that symmetrically to the centering two extending in the threshold longitudinal stop body are formed from the track sill, which serve to support the rail of the rail rail under transverse forces. This is also provided that the spring clip is when inserting the clip bracket in the guide means and when resting the pressure hanger on one of the stopper body in a stretched state. In order to avoid contact between steel and concrete in the rotation of the spring clip relative to the terminal anchor, a non-slip body is placed on the stop body according to a first embodiment, which forms an immediate support for the pressure bracket during rotation of the spring clip, and integral with a stop bar for the rail foot is formed, which applies under the influence of transverse forces on the rail on said stop bodies and supported on these. Anti-slip body and stop bar are integrally formed with the guide ring and can all be made of plastic.

According to a second embodiment it is provided that a cap-shaped Gleitschutzkörper is placed on the pressure bar, the immediate support for the pressure bar on at least one stop body and on the rail when turning about the rotation axis D forms. In this case, it is particularly proposed that a stop bar for the rail of the rail track is formed on the cap-shaped Gleitschutzkörper.

Figur 1

zeigt eine Gleisschwelle mit einem Schienenabschnitt, der mit erfindungs-gemäßen Befestigungsmitteln festgelegt ist, in 3D-Darstellung
a) in einer Vormontagestellung
b) in einer Fertigmontagestellung
c) in der Fertigmontagestellung mit Darstellung verdeckter Linien;

Figur 2

zeigt die Anordnung nach Figur 1 in Längsrichtung der Gleisschwelle betrachtet
a) in Ansicht auf das Schwellenende in der Vormontagestellung
b) in Ansicht auf das Schwellenende in der Fertigmontagestellung
c) im Querschnitt in Richtung zum Schwellenende in der Vormontagestellung;

Figur 3

zeigt die Anordnung nach den Figuren 1 und 2 in Richtung der Schiene betrachtet
a) in Ansicht in der Vomlontagestellung
b) in Ansicht in der Fertigmontagestellung mit verdeckten Sichtlinien
c) im Schnitt in der Fertigmontagestellung;

Figur 4

zeigt die Anordnung nach den Figuren 1 bis 3 in Richtung der Schiene entgegengesetzt zu Figur 3 betrachtet
a) in der Vormontagestellung
b) in der Fertigmontagestellung;

Figur 5

zeigt die Anordnung nach den Figuren 1 bis 4 in Draufsicht
a) in der Vormontagestellung
b) in der Fertigmontagestellung;

Figur 6

zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Federklemme als Einzelheit in entspanntem Zustand
a) in Draufsicht
b) in Stirnansicht
c) in Seitenansicht
d) in 3D-Darstellung;

Figur 7

zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Federklemme als Einzelheit in entspanntem Zustand mit einer Gleit- und Anschlagkappe
a) in Draufsicht
b) in Stirnansicht
c) in Seitenansicht
d) in 3D-Darstellung;

Figur 8

zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Federklemme als Einzelheit in vorgespanntem Zustand
a) in Draufsicht
b) in Stirnansicht
c) in Seitenansicht
d) in 3D-Darstellung.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawings and will be described below.

FIG. 1

shows a track threshold with a rail section, which is fixed with inventive fasteners, in 3D view
a) in a pre-assembly
b) in a final assembly position
c) in the final assembly position with representation of hidden lines;

FIG. 2

shows the arrangement after FIG. 1 considered in the longitudinal direction of the sill
a) in view of the threshold end in the pre-assembly
b) in view of the threshold end in the final assembly position
c) in cross-section towards the threshold end in the pre-assembly position;

FIG. 3

shows the arrangement according to the FIGS. 1 and 2 considered in the direction of the rail
a) in view in the release position
b) in view in the final assembly position with hidden lines of sight
c) on average in the final assembly position;

FIG. 4

shows the arrangement according to the FIGS. 1 to 3 towards the rail opposite to FIG. 3 considered
a) in the pre-assembly
b) in the final assembly position;

FIG. 5

shows the arrangement according to the FIGS. 1 to 4 in plan view
a) in the pre-assembly
b) in the final assembly position;

FIG. 6

shows a spring clip according to the invention as a detail in a relaxed state
a) in plan view
b) in front view
c) in side view
d) in 3D representation;

FIG. 7

shows a spring clip according to the invention as a detail in a relaxed state with a sliding and stopper cap
a) in plan view
b) in front view
c) in side view
d) in 3D representation;

FIG. 8

shows a spring clip according to the invention as a detail in the prestressed state
a) in plan view
b) in front view
c) in side view
d) in 3D.

The Figures 1 a, 1b and 1 c will be described together below unless special attention is given to one of the figures.

There is shown an assembly according to the invention of a railway sleeper 11 shown only with its end portion, a portion of a rail track 21 resting thereon and fasteners to be further explained, consisting of a terminal anchor 31 and a spring clip 51, the latter being shown in two different positions , In the position after FIG. 1a a pre-assembly position is shown in which a track rail 21 can be placed from above on the horizontal railway sleeper 11, wherein a resilient and electrically insulating Rail pad 26 is to be used. In the Figures 1b and 1c in each case a mounting position or a finished mounting position is shown, in which the track rail 21 is held on one side by means of the fastening means on its rail 24, wherein similar or deviating formed fastening means on the opposite side of the rail foot to the fasteners shown to be able to complete the rail track to to back up. At the railway sleeper 11, a centering body 12 of conical, in particular annular shape is formed at a lateral distance from the track rail 21, on which parts of the rail fastening means are centered. Furthermore, two stop bodies 13, 14 are formed on the railway sleeper 11 also in the lateral distance to the track rail 21, which limit a lateral displacement of the track rail 21 under transverse forces and also form bearing surfaces and support surfaces for other parts of the fastener. The track rail 21 includes as details a rail head 22, a vertical web 23 and the two-sided fitting rail 24, on which rest the fastening means after the final assembly with bias. The fastening means for the track rail 21 comprise a plurality of fixedly connected to the railway sleeper 11 parts, which together form the terminal anchorage 31, as well as a releasable and braced against the former parts and acting on the rail of the rail 21 spring clamp 51. The firmly connected to the railway sleeper 11 Parts include a guide ring 32 which is placed on the centering body 12 and held centered on this and which may consist of a material with favorable sliding properties, ie in particular made of plastic. The guide ring 32 is divided circumferentially towards the end of the railway sleeper 11, whereby a demountability of the railway sleeper 11 is ensured. The guide ring 32 is held axially by three anchor hooks 15, 16, 17, which engage over the guide ring 32 from the inside hook-shaped and are cast into the railway sleeper 11 and at their cast-end respectively anchoring heads 18, 19, 20 have. With sufficient elasticity of the illustrated guide ring 32, this can thus be pushed from the rail side or the sleeper end forth under the anchor hooks and optionally rotated to its final position. However, it is conceivable in the same way when using an annular guide ring, that this is already brought before pouring the anchor hooks in its intended position and is already finished in the production of the railway sleeper.

The removable design of the particular plastic guide ring allows replacement as a wear part and is therefore preferable.

The guide ring 32 has an inner cone 33, with which it is firmly positioned on the centering body 12, and an outer guide groove 34 into which the spring clamp 51, which is bent from wire and will be described in more detail, engages positively and rotatably. On the stop bodies 13, 14 a Gleitschutzkörper 35 is placed, which is adapted in plan view of the course of the gap between centering 12 and stop members 13, 14, wherein it sweeps over a substantial part of the stopper body 13 and with a folded abutment bar 36 the stopper body 13, 14 opposite the track rail 21 covers, so that the contact between the rail rail 21 and railway sleeper 11 is mediated by this contact strip 36. The anti-slip body 35 is essentially made of material of the same wall thickness, in particular made of plastic and is placed prior to assembly of the spring clip 51. During the movement of the spring clip 51 from the pre-assembly to the mounting position of the pressure bracket 52 of the spring clip slides over the top of Gleitschutzkörpers 35. The spring clip 51 consists essentially of said pressure bracket 52, two symmetrically extending and lying over this spring loops 53, 54 and two to the latter subsequent clip brackets 55, 56 which are bent in adaptation to the guide groove 34 centered to the centering body 12 and which can be inserted into the guide groove 34. The spring clip 51 can in this case be clipped into the guide groove 34 of the guide ring 32 by pushing the clip brackets 55, 56 from the end of the sleeper, with the clip brackets 55, 56 being pressed apart. The clip brackets 55, 56 engage in the spaces between stop bodies 13, 14 and guide ring 32 in a position opposite to the FIG. 1b rotated by 90 °.
Starting from this position, the spring clip 51 is clockwise to the pre-assembly after FIG. 1a rotated, in which the pressure bar 52 already biased resting on the Gleitschutzplatte 35, wherein upon further rotation, no contact between the steel of the spring clip 51 and the concrete of the railway sleeper can take place. As already mentioned, can in this pre-assembly after FIG. 1a the rail 21 are used. With suitable drive means, the guided in the guide groove 34 spring clip 51 is then clockwise to further Turned 90 ° until you see the in FIG. 1b achieved finished assembled position. The outwardly bent pressure bracket 52 slides on the rail foot 24. To fix the position suitable locking means, for example, at the end of the clip bracket to provide that can interact with corresponding counter-locking means in the guide ring 32, but not shown here. These locking means are to be designed so that when overcoming a suitable breaking force the spring clamp 51 can be turned away from the Schierienfuß 24 in the counterclockwise direction.

In the illustrated embodiment, the center axes of the centering body 12 and the guide ring 32 and thus the axis of rotation D of the spring clip 51 are to be assumed perpendicular and thus parallel to the web 23 of the rail 21. The bias of the spring clip 51 is generated exclusively already when inserted into the guide groove 34 , wherein the pressure bracket 52 is biased supported on the stopper body 13. However, it is also possible, the central axis and thus the axis of rotation of the spring clip 51, starting from the centering and the guide ring, to be arranged so that the central axis and thus the axis of rotation of the rail to the rail head is tilted so that upon rotation of the spring clip from the preassembly in the mounting position, an additional spring tension is built up by the fact that the plane of movement of the pressure bracket 52 is an inclined plane, which leads to the maximum deflection of the pressure bracket during rotation in the final assembly position.

The FIGS. 2a . 2 B and 2c will be described together below, unless individual figures are especially highlighted. The same details are described with the same reference numerals as in the preceding figures, to the description of which reference is made. This applies in particular to the rail 21, the details of which are not explained here again. In particular, in the illustration Figure 2c , in which the rail track is not shown, the annular shape of the centering 12 and the paired arrangement of the stopper body 13, 14 can be seen, between which rests in the space of the guide ring 32 with its guide 34, which is supported with its inner cone 33 on the centering 12 , Furthermore, the position and function of the anchor hooks 15, 16 recognizable that overlap with its hook head, the guide ring 32 and hold in position, wherein the divided on the circumference guide ring 32, however, can be screwed into the position shown. In section through the spring clip 51 shown in the preassembly position, one of the clip clips 55, one of the spring loops 53 and a part of the pressure clip 52 in cross-section can be seen. Turning clockwise, the pressure bracket in this representation comes out of the image plane forward, where the rail 21 is assumed. In the FIGS. 2a and b the overlay of the anti-slip body 35 on the stopper body 13 can be seen, wherein the anti-slip body 35 is deformed here in an exaggerated manner by the pressure bracket 52. In FIG. 2b is the approximately symmetrical end position of the clip bracket 55, 56 recognizable and the prestressed support of the pressure bracket 52 on the rail 24 shown in a comprehensible manner.

The FIGS. 3a . 3b and 3c will hereinafter be described in common, with like details denoted by like reference numerals as in the previous figures. Reference is made to the corresponding description.

In the FIGS. 3a and 3b the anti-skid body 35 is visible in each case, which separates the pressure bar 52 during its rotational movement relative to the stop body until the pressure bar 52 slides onto the rail, where a metallic contact can take place. In the embodiment shown here is also a lateral contact between the spring clamp 51 and the rail 24 in the mounting position recognizable. Between the rail foot 24 and the stop members 13, 14, the stop bar 36 is, with additional game is available. As in particular in FIG. 3b can be seen, a lifting of the pressure bar 52 is limited by the running a short distance above this spring loops 53, 54 in a tilting of the rail. Once the brackets 52, 53, 54 abut each other, the rail rail is held positively against the railway sleeper.

On average Figure 3c the position and function of the third anchoring hook 17 can be seen, which secures the guide ring 32 in the highest loaded position. It is again the annular cylindrical shape of the centering 12 visible. After all With a corresponding bias of the spring clip, wherein the pressure bracket 52 is in the prestressed form after insertion into the guide groove 34 at the level of the surface of the rail, there is no additional bias of the pressure hanger and the spring loops when twisting in the mounting position shown. The anti-slip body is not visible in this section.

The FIGS. 4a and 4b will be described together below. The same details are designated by the same reference numerals as in the preceding figures. In the view after FIG. 4a In particular, the stopper body 14 can be seen on which no antislip body is provided. While the pressure bracket 52 in the in FIG. 4a shown pre-assembly still rests on the Gleitschutzkörper 35, this is in the final assembly position after FIG. 4b not given anymore.

The FIGS. 5a and 5b will be described together below. The same details are given the same reference numerals as in the preceding figures, to the description of which reference is made. It is again the pairwise arrangement of the stopper body 13, 14 on the railway sleeper 11 clearly visible, between which the guide ring 32 with its peripheral division of the sleekend ago, ie inserted in the illustration from the left and then rotated 360 ° in its final position, wherein it is then axially secured by the anchor hooks 15, 16, 17 and radially centered on the centering body 12. Furthermore, the support of the pressure bracket 52 of the spring clip 51 can be seen on the Gleitschutzkörper 35 in the preassembly, and the separation of the rail foot of the stop bodies 13, 14 through the contact strip 36 of Gleitschutzkörpers 35. Finally, by the course of the spring clip shown that a excessive bending of the pressure hanger 52 upwards in the event of overloading, ie at an incipient tilting of the track rail, is limited by the action of the overarching spring loops 53, 54.

In the FIGS. 6 to 8 is the spring clip 51 with its already mentioned details. Pressure bar 52, spring loops 53, 54 and clip brackets 55, 56 shown, wherein It can be seen that as a transition from the spring loops to the clip brackets vertical, guided through the pressure bracket 52, the stirrups 57, 58 are provided. The two approximately semicircular clip brackets 55, 56 clamp a guide plane, which is brought into coincidence during assembly with the plane spanned by the guide in the annular body guide level. About the stirrups 57, 58 close to the looped outward spring loops 53, 54, which converge to the pressure bracket 52. Here are the current to the pressure bracket 52 ends of the spring loops 53, 54 between the current to the stirrups 57, 58 toward the ends of the spring loops and the clip brackets 55, 56. The spring clip is designed to be symmetrical overall.

In the FIGS. 6 and 7 the spring clip 51 is shown in its relaxed position, wherein the end of the pressure bar 52 is close to the plane defined by the clip bracket 55, 56 guide level and greater distance from the spring loops 53, 54 has.

In FIG. 7 in terms of shape and appearance of the spring clip the FIG. 6 corresponds, a ring-segment-shaped cap-like Gleitschutzkörper 61 is placed on the pressure bar, which is firmly connected to the pressure bracket and replace the previously described Gleitschutzkörper 35 or can be supplemented with this. On Gleitschutzkörper 61 a stop bar 62 is formed, which can replace the aforementioned stop bar 36.

In FIG. 8 is the spring clip 51, although shown in detail, shown in its preloaded form, which it assumes in the preassembly position or the mounting position. The pressure yoke 52 is bent up close to the spring loops 53, 54 and thus has greater distance from the guide plane defined by the clip brackets. Another resting of the pressure bar 52 is limited by a short distance from the spring loops.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11

sleeper

12

centering

13

side cheek

14

side cheek

15

Hitch

16

Hitch

17

Hitch

18

anchoring head

19

anchoring head

20

anchoring head

21

rail

22

railhead

23

web

24

rail

26

Base pad

31

clip anchor

32

guide ring

33

inner cone

34

guide

35

slide protection

36

stop bar

51

spring clip

52

Leaf spring

53

spring loop

54

spring loop

55

clip strap

56

clip strap

57

standing bow

58

standing bow

61

slide protection

62

stop bar

Claims (17)

1. A fastening means for the fastening of railway rails on railway sleepers or railroads comprising a spring clamp (51) and a clamp anchorage (31), wherein the spring clamp (51) comprises holding means that can be inserted in the clamp anchorage (31) in order to be rotatably guided in the latter about an axis of rotation D and comprises at least one pressure bow (52) which upon rotating of the spring clamp (51) relative to the clamp anchorage (31) about the axis of rotation D is to be brought onto the rail foot (24) of a rail (21), wherein the spring clamp (51) as holding means comprises clip bows (55, 56) which are substantially bent ring-shaped and the clamp anchorage (31) comprises guiding means (34) which are concentric to the axis of rotation D, wherein the clip bows and the guide means each sweep a guide plane located perpendicularly to the axis of rotation D, characterized in that the spring clamp (51) comprises a bow-shaped pressure bow (52) and two spring loops (53, 54) connecting the clip bows (55, 56) with the pressure bow (52), wherein the ends of the spring loops (53, 54) connected with the clip bows (55, 56) form standing bows (57, 58) running approximately perpendicularly to the guide plane and the ends of the spring loops (53, 54) connected with the pressure bow (52) are passed through between the guide plane and the ends of the spring loops (53, 54) connected with the clip bows (55, 56).
2. The fastening means according to Claim 1,
   characterized in that in a guide ring which is useable for the positive holding radially to the axis of rotation D of a centring body (12) to be formed of the material of the railway sleeper at least one ring-shaped outer guide slot (34) as guide means is formed.
3. The fastening means according to Claim 2,
   characterized in that the guide ring (32) is positively held axially to the axis of rotation D by means of a plurality of anchor hooks (15, 16, 17) useable for casting into the railway sleeper (11).
4. The fastening means according to any one of the Claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the guide ring (32) is split on the circumference so that it can be mounted on the centring body (12) subject to flexible expansion.
5. The fastening means according to Claim 4,
   characterized in that the guide ring (32) can be mounted on the centring body in a movement radially to the axis of rotation D.
6. The fastening means according to Claim 5,
   characterized in that the guide ring (32) can be mounted on the centring body in a movement axially to the axis of rotation D.
7. The fastening means according to any one of the Claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the guide ring (32) is embodied of plastic.
8. The fastening means according to any one of the Claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the spring clamp (51) with its clip bows (55, 56) can be placed on the guide ring (32) in a movement radially to the axis of rotation D.
9. The fastening means according to any one of the Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the spring loops (53, 54) form a height stop for the pressure bow (52) upon deflection under overload in the direction away from the guide plane.
10. The fastening means according to any one of the Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the spring clamp (51) is bent of round wire.
11. The fastening means according to any one of the Claims 3 to 10, characterized in that the guide ring (32) is connected with a slide protection body (35) for the placing on to at least one of two stop bodies (13, 14) running symmetrically to the centring body (12) in sleeper longitudinal direction to be moulded out of the railway sleeper, which forms a direct support for the pressure bow (52) of the spring clamp (51) upon rotating about the axis of rotation D and is joined in one piece with a stop strip (36) suitable for arrangement between rail (21) and stop bodies.
12. The fastening means according to Claim 11, characterized in that the slide protection body (35) and the stop strip (36) consist of plastic.
13. The fastening means according to Claim 11,
    characterized in that on the pressure bow (52) a cap-shaped slide protection body (61) is placed which can form the direct support for the pressure bow (52) on at least one stop body (13, 14) and on the rail foot (24) upon rotating about the axis of rotation D.
14. The fastening means according to Claim 13, characterized in that a stop strip (62) for the rail foot (24) of the rail (21) is moulded on the cap-shaped slide protection body (61).
15. The fastening means according to any one of the Claims 2 to 14, characterized in that in the guide ring (32) engagement means for the spring clamp (51) are provided in a position with the pressure bow (52) resting on the rail foot (24).
16. The railway sleeper or railroad with fastening means according to any one of the Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that clamp anchorages (31) with axis of rotation D located perpendicularly to the rail support are connected with the railway sleepers or the railroad.
17. The railway sleeper or railroad with fastening means according to any one of the Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that clamp anchorages (31) with axis of rotation D inclined towards the rail are connected with the railway sleepers or the railroad.

Images